CN106837947B - 一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置和相应器具 - Google Patents

一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置和相应器具 Download PDF

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CN106837947B
CN106837947B CN201610922168.7A CN201610922168A CN106837947B CN 106837947 B CN106837947 B CN 106837947B CN 201610922168 A CN201610922168 A CN 201610922168A CN 106837947 B CN106837947 B CN 106837947B
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appliance
pump
energy
working cylinder
boom
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CN106837947A (zh
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弗兰克·黑尔布林
托马斯·兰德曼
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LIEBHERR-FRANCE Sas
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LIEBHERR-FRANCE Sas
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/024—Installations or systems with accumulators used as a supplementary power source, e.g. to store energy in idle periods to balance pump load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/40—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with a single prime mover for both crane and vehicle
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°
    • E02F9/123—Drives or control devices specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/226—Safety arrangements, e.g. hydraulic driven fans, preventing cavitation, leakage, overheating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
    • E02F9/2292—Systems with two or more pumps
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
    • E02F9/2296—Systems with a variable displacement pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
    • F15B11/024—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member by means of differential connection of the servomotor lines, e.g. regenerative circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B7/00—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors
    • F15B7/005—With rotary or crank input
    • F15B7/006—Rotary pump input
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B7/00—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors
    • F15B7/008—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors with rotary output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20546—Type of pump variable capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20561—Type of pump reversible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20569—Type of pump capable of working as pump and motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/27—Directional control by means of the pressure source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
    • F15B2211/30565—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for a single output member, e.g. for creating higher valve function by use of multiple valves like two 2/2-valves replacing a 5/3-valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
    • F15B2211/3059—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3122—Special positions other than the pump port being connected to working ports or the working ports being connected to the return line
    • F15B2211/3133—Regenerative position connecting the working ports or connecting the working ports to the pump, e.g. for high-speed approach stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
    • F15B2211/31523—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member
    • F15B2211/31535—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and an output member having multiple pressure sources and a single output member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/61—Secondary circuits
    • F15B2211/613—Feeding circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7058—Rotary output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7114—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators
    • F15B2211/7128—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators the chambers being connected in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7135—Combinations of output members of different types, e.g. single-acting cylinders with rotary motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
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    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7142—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders the output members being arranged in multiple groups
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/76—Control of force or torque of the output member
    • F15B2211/761—Control of a negative load, i.e. of a load generating hydraulic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/86—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions
    • F15B2211/863—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions the abnormal condition being a hydraulic or pneumatic failure
    • F15B2211/8636—Circuit failure, e.g. valve or hose failure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
    • F15B2211/88—Control measures for saving energy

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置，其带有可以用作泵或电机的系泊泵，该器具带有高压蓄能器以及节流阀差动回路，后者用于连接器具工作油缸的底侧与工作油缸的杆侧，此外还涉及相应的器具。

Description

一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置和相应器具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置以及相应的器具本身。
背景技术
在现有技术已知的用于回收器具液压能的装置中，迄今已知的是使用工作泵，该工作泵同时为器具的吊杆和器具的回转齿轮提供液压流体。液压能的回收，已知的是提供吊杆专用的高压蓄能器和与之单独分开、用于回转齿轮的高压蓄能器或具有不同运行压力的压力蓄能器。对现有技术中的装置来说不利的一点是，单独的压力蓄能器之间的能量交换需要单独的致动器和单独的管理或单独调节/控制。可能还有不利的一点是，相应的致动器中没有设置用于能量回收的差动回路，导致进行回收必须使用一台泵。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种通用装置，该装置的构造对比现有技术中已知的装置更简单，使用起来也可以更灵活，更有效。
根据本发明，这个目的是通过下列二者实现的：一是一种根据本发明的用于回收器具的液压能的装置，二是一种根据本发明的器具。因此，提供了一种装置，其带有可以用作泵或电机的系泊泵，包括一个高压蓄能器以及节流阀差动回路，后者用于连接器具工作油缸的底侧与器具工作油缸的杆侧，其中，在降低器具的吊杆后，流出工作油缸的液压流体流入三个区域，其中，在第一区域中系泊泵在电机模式下运行，并驱动其它耗能器材，其中，在第二区域中高压蓄能器储存压力能，并且其中，在第三区域中流出工作油缸底侧或杆侧的液压流体至少部分地填充工作油缸相应的另一侧。
工作油缸的任一侧是指工作油缸的杆侧或底侧。其它耗能器材可以是器具的其它所有耗能器材。该装置的所述构造有利地保证了单个高压蓄能器可以用作回转齿轮和吊杆或及其驱动器的共用蓄能器。回转齿轮可以经由高压蓄能器所储存的能量和/或由回转齿轮泵来驱动。当制动该器具的上车厢，例如挖掘机的上车厢，制动能量可以从制动期间作为泵运行的回转齿轮电机或驱动器，传递到高压蓄能器。
由于工作泵被作为系泊泵形成，因此也可以充当能量回收泵，因此有利的是，其不需要像其它情况下为需要的另外的泵准备安装空间。本发明所述的装置还呈现了液压能回收的简单变型，其为未带有相应回收装置的器具提供杂化，其中所述器具的上车厢构造不必大幅改动，就可以实现相应的改造，而不出现任何问题。该装置的创造性布置方式还意味着与现有技术相比，能量回收仅需要很少的阀门。
在一个特别优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，工作油缸是器具吊杆的吊杆油缸。当吊杆从升高的位置降低到较低的位置，具体是加载的吊杆时，相当大量的势能因此可以通过能量回收装置进行回收。这是因为，在器具中频繁使用量最大的能量是在吊杆区域以及由吊杆移动的载荷，因此也就可以回收最大量的能量。
在另一个优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，节流阀差动回路包括位于工作油缸底侧和杆侧之间的节流阀。从而，压力水平可以有利地提高，以用于直接填充高压蓄能器，其中油缸的底侧可以经由差动回路与油缸的杆侧连接。为了防止油缸底侧超压，从底侧到杆侧的连接可以被节流。在同一时间，流入到蓄能器或高压蓄能器或泵或系泊泵的油量大约减少了一半。
在另一个优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，第三区域中的液压流体从底侧流入杆侧，而在另一个优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，系泊泵在断开回路中运行。在一个优选的示例性实施例中还可以设想，液压流体同时或并行流进一个、两个或三个区域。这样，能量回收可以灵活地根据所生成的待回收能量和其它耗能者的能量消耗进行调节。
在另一个优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，提供一个液压回转齿轮泵用于驱动器具的回转齿轮。通过用于驱动回转齿轮的这种单独的泵，即使发生例如回转齿轮的其它平行运动，器具的吊杆也可以被举起来。高压蓄能器同样地可以被充满，而在同一时间如回转齿轮的其它运动被并行控制，而不会干扰这些运动。
在另一个优选的示例性实施例中可以设想，高压蓄能器储存的能量可以经由回转齿轮泵传输到其它泵和/或柴油发动机。在一般情况下，储存在高压蓄能器中的能量可以用在器具的吊杆和回转齿轮中以驱动作为电机运行的相应泵。回转齿轮泵相应地可以有利地充当电机并供应能量给柴油发动机的相应单元或直接给器具的其它泵。
此外，可以这样设置，即当装置发生故障的情况下，提供一种用于操作该器具的紧急功能。
本发明还涉及一种器具，具体涉及一种液压挖掘机，带有上述的装置。
附图说明
本发明的其它细节和优点参照附图示出，其中：
图1：示出了在闭合回路中操作一个回转齿轮泵的示意图；
图2：示出了在断开回路中将回转齿轮泵作为系泊泵操作的示意图；以及
图3：示出了在断开回路中将回转齿轮泵作为标准泵操作的示意图。
具体实施方式
降低器具的吊杆时，以相应加压油流形式存在的吊杆势能由根据本发明的装置通过在三个点或区域内实现的三路回收手段利用。这在三个附图的实施例中都是相同的。图2的装置与其它两个装置的不同之处在于，在这里不使用回转齿轮进行工作的器具液压系统(例如挖掘机无需使用回转齿轮进行挖掘工作)可以在三个独立的回路中进行操作。图3装置与其它两个装置的不同之处在于，回转齿轮泵是标准泵。其与闭合回路或系泊泵中的回转齿轮泵相比更易于操作，更便宜，但其缺点是只能被当作泵来使用。
现在参见图1，将对根据本发明所述装置的功能进行详细说明。
图1示出了根据本发明的一种装置，其中油流从工作油缸的底侧经由控制轴10传递至工作油缸的杆侧。多余的油送入泵管线60内。在杆侧送入使得底侧的压力增加，供应高压蓄能器40的直接蓄能器填充。为了防止底侧超压，至杆侧的连接可以在控制轴10内被节流。为此进行的控制可以以电子手段实现。这实现了由所述节流阀差动回路对工作油缸杆侧的能量进行回收。
根据本发明，能量回收也可以由高压蓄能器40的直接填充实现。经由阀轴30，部分油流可以从泵管线60被直接分流，用于高压蓄压器40的蓄能器填充。
根据本发明，能量回收也可以经由系泊泵21实现，其中来自泵管线60的整个或部分油流驱动着此时作为电机工作的系泊泵21。经由传动装置，所释放的能量被转运到器具的其它的泵和/或柴油发动机，在那里其被相应地进一步用于驱动其它耗能器材，用于填充蓄能器或用于补偿牵引载荷。标准吊杆轴11的致动为下降提供一个升压，或在根据本发明的回收系统发生故障的情况下用于正常操作。在升压模式中，油流被从工作油缸的底侧经由控制轴11传递给罐。吊杆处于自由落体。在正常操作中，控制轴11用于控制起重油缸。油流从泵管线60经由控制轴11向起重油缸传递，而返回油流从起重油缸经由控制轴11向罐传递。
标准吊杆轴11的致动为下降提供一个升压，或在根据本发明的回收系统发生故障的情况下用于正常操作。在吊杆没有下降时系泊泵21以正常泵的模式运行。根据起重油缸或工作油缸中的压力，并根据吊杆所需的下降速度，一种算法可以确定回收路径，或确定液压流体被传递到哪个区域中进行回收。在这样做时，可以同时选择几个或者所有三个路径或区域。
根据本发明所述具有其三个不同回收区域的装置的优点在于，只有一单个高压蓄能器40必须或可以使用，不需要在不同蓄能器之间进行能量损耗的传输。高压储存也可以随时实现，由于单独的回转齿轮泵22，25也可以与其它工作或回转齿轮运动并行地进行。工作泵或系泊泵21可以供应所有的耗能器材，具体讲是器具的吊杆、铲斗柄或行驶驱动。回转齿轮泵22，25可以作为系泊泵21形成。
根据本发明所述的装置是特别有效的，因为在三路回收中，油流可以分成三个路径。油流可以流到系泊泵21、到高压蓄能器40和工作油缸的杆侧。完整的油流不必流过泵，使得回收所需的部件(具体讲是泵或系泊泵21)的尺寸可以更小或更紧凑并更便宜，因此装置中可以获得较小的压力损耗。由于回收区域在三个独立的液压回路中形成，压力适应在回收过程中是不必要的，因此不需要接受压力损耗。
一般来讲，这提供了充满高压蓄能器40的优点，即使在该器具的其它运动被并行地控制的情况下。这些运动不受充满的高压蓄能器40的影响。此外，吊杆可以通过标准的活塞进行加速。器具，具体地讲可以作为挖掘机形成，仍然可以在回收系统出现故障时进行操作，因为图示的回收系统代表了一个附加的解决方案。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于回收器具中液压能的装置，其带有可以用作泵或电机的系泊泵(21)，包括高压蓄能器(40)以及节流阀差动回路，后者用于连接所述器具工作油缸的底侧与工作油缸的杆侧，其中，在降低所述器具的吊杆时，流出所述工作油缸的液压流体流入三个区域，其中，在第一区域中所述系泊泵(21)在电机模式下运行，并经由传动装置将所释放的能量转运到器具的其它的泵和/或柴油发动机，从而驱动其它耗能器材，其中，在第二区域中高压蓄能器(40)储存压力能，所述高压蓄能器(40)所储存的能量可以经由用于驱动所述器具的回转齿轮的液压回转齿轮泵(22，25)传输到用于驱动其它耗能器材的所述其它的泵和/或柴油发动机，并且其中，在第三区域中流出所述工作油缸底侧或杆侧的液压流体至少部分地填充所述工作油缸相应的另一侧，其中所述其它耗能器材包括所述器具的上车厢的回转齿轮、铲斗柄或行驶驱动器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述工作油缸是所述器具吊杆的一个吊杆油缸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述节流阀差动回路包括位于所述工作油缸的底侧和杆侧之间的节流阀。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，第三区域中的液压流体从所述工作油缸的底侧流入杆侧。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述系泊泵(21)在一个断开回路中工作。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述液压流体并行流入一个、两个或三个区域。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，在该装置产生故障的情况下，提供了用于操作该器具的紧急功能。
8.一种器具，带有根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的装置。
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