CN106837704A - A kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines and its Parameter Self-learning control method - Google Patents
A kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines and its Parameter Self-learning control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106837704A CN106837704A CN201710247830.8A CN201710247830A CN106837704A CN 106837704 A CN106837704 A CN 106837704A CN 201710247830 A CN201710247830 A CN 201710247830A CN 106837704 A CN106837704 A CN 106837704A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/328—Blade pitch angle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/329—Azimuth or yaw angle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/40—Type of control system
- F05B2270/404—Type of control system active, predictive, or anticipative
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/70—Type of control algorithm
- F05B2270/709—Type of control algorithm with neural networks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines and its Parameter Self-learning control method, belongs to technical field of wind power generation.The structure of low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines is (as shown in Figure 1) to include wind wheel 1, main shaft 2, main bearing seat 3, mainframe 4, low speed disc-type permanent magnet motor 5, slow-speed shaft brake 6, change oar dragging system 7, driftage dragging system 8, engine room cover 9.Wind turbines control operation uses Parameter Self-learning algorithm, and the control parameter propeller pitch angle β of control system, rotational speed omega, torque q and power p are predicted with BP neural network, and control targe is determined by predicted value, completes speed change and bending moment control.The present invention is compared to conventional low desk permanent-magnet Wind turbines, reduce magneto by vibrations cause demagnetization cause generated energy glide in addition cannot generate electricity risk, reduce the load-supporting parts such as main shaft, mainframe can use light-duty welding structure, so that production cost is reduced, easy maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, more particularly to a kind of low speed disc-type permanent magnet motor is installed on engine room inside
Medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set.
Background technology
Low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set, compared to double-fed, the alternating current asynchronous type, half direct-driving type wind that are widely used
Power generator group, eliminates gear-box acceleration system and is the matching used gearbox lubrication oil pump systems of gear-box, lubricating oil
Cooling, heating system, oil temperature, oil quality monitoring system, improve the reliability of whole unit, reduce maintenance workload.Simultaneously
Due to magnetic steel material, design, the further maturation of production technology, using low speed disk permanent magnet generator Wind turbines shared by wind
Group of motors ratio is in rising trend.
Magneto has receives vibrations to cause demagnetization so as to the risk for causing generated energy to glide or even cannot generate electricity.Current megawatt
The electric machine structure form of level and many megawatt-level low-speed permanent magnet direct-drive Wind turbines has single-bearing internal rotor, single-bearing outer rotor, double
The forms such as bearing internal rotor, duplex bearing outer rotor；Simultaneously because all be arranged in motor outside cabin by the reason such as motor size, radiating
Portion front end；But the low speed disc-type permanent magnet motor of as above which kind of form no matter is used, the rotor of motor is connected directly between due to wind wheel
On, circumferential vibrations that wind wheel blade causes are driven by fitful wind, along the axial vibrations of rotor shaft, and three blades weight and weight
The asymmetric radial direction vibrations for causing of the heart can all be directly acted on the rotor of generator and conducted simultaneously to stator.
Permanent-magnet material has the shortcomings that high temperature demagnetization, and this is also the original that magneto is generally hung on nacelle exterior
Cause.It also it is precisely the wind speed stage higher when generator power is larger, by certainly it has been generally acknowledged that permanent magnetism is hung on into nacelle exterior
It is so air-cooled that fan heat is carried out to generator.Some are using the conventional low permanent-magnet disk Wind turbines of external hanging type in the preferable feelings of wind regime
Because natural air cooled radiating up to standard cannot cause generator magnet steel temperature warning after continuously being run two under condition, it has to by machine
Group limitation power or shutdown, cause mass energy to waste；Install air blast cooling additional and can not fully meet generator even if engineered
Cooling requirements.
Traditional disc type low speed permanent magnet generator inner and outer Rotator is connected on cantilever mandrel, and motor front end will also
Bear the weight of blade, wind wheel.Therefore general mandrel is all very sturdy to meet Structural strength calls, and mainframe is generally thick
The cast structure (because the mobility of liquid metal is restricted, similarly sized casting should not be made thin-wall construction) of weight and so
Structure be used in small batch (such as more than ten or tens) production medium-sized Wind turbines (100KW~500KW) in will be unable to
Meet cost control requirement.
Ventional disc low speed permanent magnet generator is leaked in nacelle exterior cruelly, directly bear wind, Exposure to Sunlight, drench with rain, chemical attack,
Barrier propterty requirement to motor is very high, increases the production cost of generator.
Ventional disc low-speed permanent magnet wind driven generator group is usually to transport to wind cabin, generator, wind wheel, blade respectively
Electric field, is then lifted successively by the order of cabin, generator, wind wheel.
The content of the invention
To overcome existing low speed desk permanent-magnet Wind turbines shortcomings and deficiencies as above, the present invention to propose a kind of suitable medium-sized
The structure of low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set.
Its design feature and beneficial effect are：
(1) the installation fixed form of traditional low speed permanent magnet generator, this low-speed permanent-magnet Wind turbines wind wheel institute are different from
By radially, axially out-of-balance force and vibrations mainframe is directly conducted to through main shaft, base bearing, bearing block and then by tower and ground
Absorb, rather than being loaded directly on rotor or stator；This low-speed permanent-magnet motor is connected by soft with the axial direction of mainframe
Property connection, reduce motor circumferential vibrations in the process of running；
(2) the inner-outer circulation air channel of special design is conducive to the radiating of motor；
(3) the unit is due to, in nacelle exterior, reducing the load-supporting parts such as main shaft, and mainframe no longer by motor suspension
Light-duty welding structure can be used；So as to reduce the life of the medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set of small batch production
Produce cost；
(4) low-speed permanent-magnet motor is installed in engine room inside, reduces magneto and leaks the wind-engaging in natural environment cruelly
Blow, Exposure to Sunlight, the corrosion of seashore salt fog；
(5) compared with magneto is articulated in cabin make outside structure type, because generator is installed on engine room cover
Inside, the maintenance of magneto is more convenient in the structure type of the unit；
(6) it has been arranged on inside engine room cover when being dispatched from the factory due to magneto, has been not required to consider to the independent fortune of magneto
Defeated, independent lifting, saves hoisting cost.
(7) low-speed permanent magnet wind driven generator is internal rotor, hollow shaft, with special damping support.
(8) Fig. 1 Wind turbines control runs used Parameter Self-learning algorithm as shown in Figure 6：With BP neural network
Control parameter propeller pitch angle β, rotating speed to control system, torque q and power p are predicted, and control targe is determined by predicted value,
By the control block diagram of Fig. 6 (a), speed change and bending moment control are completed.Realize that Parameter Self-learning step is as follows：
1) first, allow Wind turbines that a period of time is run under original control strategy, obtain a series of SCADA datas.
2) using these data as BP neural network input signal, it is trained, the Wind turbines after prediction certain hour
Parameter obtains very multi-group data on the basis of original parameter one new excitation of controller, system response.
3) when analysis is trained to parameter, after certain hour is reached so that become oar and speed Control parameter becomes
Change, generate one group of new control parameter.
4) again after a period of time, then to new one group of SCADA data it is collected, this process is constantly circulated, value to school
Untill testing satisfaction control requirement, Parameter Self-learning process is completed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure types of the unit
Fig. 2 is the low-speed permanent-magnet electric machine structure form of the unit
Fig. 3 is the low-speed permanent-magnet motor flexible attachment structure form of the unit
Fig. 4 is the heat dissipation wind channel of the unit
Fig. 5 is the light-duty welding structure mainframe of the unit
Fig. 6 realizes block diagram for the machine control parameter self-learning algorithm
Specific embodiment
Wind power generating set includes wind wheel (1), main shaft (2), main bearing seat (3), mainframe (4), low-speed discs as described in Figure 1
Formula magneto (5), slow-speed shaft brake (6), change oar dragging system (7), driftage dragging system (8), engine room cover (9).
Wind wheel (1) is connected to main shaft (2) front end with high-strength bolt；Main shaft (2) is by the bearing and bearing in bearing block (3)
Seat (3) connection；Wind wheel (1) is driven by wind, and the rotor of generator (5) is directly acted on except the torque load around main shaft (2)
Upper to be used to generate electricity outer, all other load all pass to mainframe (4) by bearing block (3).
The axle of the magneto (5) is hollow form, is enclosed within the outside of main shaft (2), generator amature and main shaft (2)
Can be undertaken by main shaft (2) with synchronous rotary, and the gravity of generator.
The profile of generator (5) is as shown in Figure 3.
Generator casing leaves the installation seat leg being flexibly connected with mainframe (4).The shell and main frame of generator (5)
The flexible connection of frame (4) is as shown in Figure 3.Wind wheel drive motor rotor rotates the generator (5) caused when being generated electricity around main shaft
(2) the damping shock absorbing device that axial vibrations are installed between motor (5) seat leg and mainframe (4) absorbs, so as to effectively subtract
The circumferential vibrations of small generators.Generator is reduced by shaking the demagnetization risk for causing.
Become the blade realization change oar action that oar actuator (7) is dragged on wind wheel (1) through hollow spindle.
Driftage actuator (8) dragging cabin rotation realizes driftage to pneumatic work.
Engine room cover (9) realizes the protection to generator (5) and each part, it is to avoid generator receives wind, Exposure to Sunlight.
The air channel of cabin is as shown in Figure 4.When generating electricity windward, inside the air inlet duct A and tower that air passes through cabin (9) top
Air channel B is inhaled into, and air is discharged by the air outlet C of cabin afterbody.
The air channel includes but is not limited to above-mentioned form.Can also arrange as follows：To realize rainproof function A
Mouth can also be by opening direction towards cabin caudal, while increase draft fan at A mouths sucking air by force by nacelle exterior
Engine room inside, while at C mouthfuls with ventilating fan all day the speed air flow in cabin can be increased.
The welding structure of mainframe (4) is as shown in figure 5, by the high-strength weathering steel plate or steel plate+rectangle of thickness 12mm-15mm
Pipe profile is welded, and proves to meet Structural strength calls after strength check.Compared to the cast structure of wall thickness 30~50, reduce
The weight of mainframe, there is a more preferable economy while reduce processing capacity.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set, it is characterised in that：Including wind wheel -1, main shaft -2, main bearing seat -
3rd, mainframe -4, low speed disc-type permanent magnet motor -5, slow-speed shaft brake -6, change oar dragging system -7, driftage dragging system -8, cabin
Cover -9.
2. Wind turbines control runs used Parameter Self-learning algorithm, it is characterised in that be to control with BP neural network
The control parameter propeller pitch angle β of system, rotational speed omega, torque q and power p are predicted, and control targe is determined by predicted value, complete to become
Speed and bending moment optimal control；Realize that Parameter Self-learning step is as follows：
1. first, allow Wind turbines that a period of time is run under original control strategy, obtain a series of SCADA datas；
2. using these data as BP neural network input signal, it is trained, the Wind turbines parameter after prediction certain hour
Obtain very multi-group data on the basis of original parameter one new excitation of controller, system response；
3. it is raw when analysis is trained to parameter, after certain hour is reached so that become oar and speed Control parameter changes
Into one group of new control parameter；
4. again after a period of time, then to new one group of SCADA data it is collected, this process is constantly circulated, value is full to verification
Untill foot control is required, Parameter Self-learning process is completed.
3. the medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive wind power generating set told according to claim 1, wind wheel (1) is connected to high-strength bolt
Main shaft (2) front end；Main shaft (2) is connected by the bearing in bearing block (3) with bearing block (3)；Permanent magnetism according to claim 1
The axle of generator (5) is hollow form, is enclosed within the outside of main shaft (2), generator amature and main shaft (2) can with synchronous rotary, and
And the gravity of generator is undertaken by main shaft (2)；Generator casing leaves the installation seat leg being flexibly connected with mainframe (4)；
Become the blade realization change oar action that oar actuator (7) is dragged on wind wheel (1) through hollow spindle.
4. the welding structure of the mainframe (4) told according to claim 1, by thickness 12mm-15mm high-strength weathering steel plate or
Steel plate+rectangular tube structural section is welded, and proves to meet Structural strength calls after strength check；Compared to the casting of wall thickness 30~50
Structure, has more preferable economy while reducing the weight of mainframe, reduce processing capacity.
5. the air channel of the cabin told according to claim 1：When generating electricity windward, air by the air inlet duct A on cabin (9) top and
Tower inside air channel B is inhaled into, and air is discharged by the air outlet C of cabin afterbody；The air channel is including but not limited to above-mentioned
Form, it is also possible to arrange as follows：For realize rainproof function A mouthfuls can also by opening direction towards cabin caudal, while
Increase draft fan at A mouths and air is sucked into engine room inside by force by nacelle exterior, while can be come with ventilating fan all day at C mouthfuls
Increase the speed air flow in cabin.
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| CN201710247830.8A CN106837704A (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | A kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines and its Parameter Self-learning control method |
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| CN201710247830.8A CN106837704A (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | A kind of medium-sized low-speed permanent magnetic direct-drive Wind turbines and its Parameter Self-learning control method |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |