CN106837435A - Jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland - Google Patents
Jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland Download PDFInfo
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- CN106837435A CN106837435A CN201710150492.6A CN201710150492A CN106837435A CN 106837435 A CN106837435 A CN 106837435A CN 201710150492 A CN201710150492 A CN 201710150492A CN 106837435 A CN106837435 A CN 106837435A
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- turbine
- tooth bar
- spindle
- bearing shell
- lower bearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/04—Antivibration arrangements
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland, the present invention relates to a kind of method and device for adjusting Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap.When solving air loss at reduction Steam Turbines top sealing gland now, beated only with passive reply rotor radial, the problem of other unfavorable factors can be brought.The scheme of method and apparatus is：After steam turbine reaches rated speed, make top bearing shell and lower bearing progressively around turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle；Then make three rollers progressively close to turbine spindle；After roller contact turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；Then top bearing shell and lower bearing is made gradually to return with away from turbine spindle；The bore area of movable vane top air seal component is gradually drawn in turbine blade external diameter, ultimately form gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.25 millimeter；First employ jet bearing shell to constrain turbine spindle, regulation process is more steady.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device for adjusting Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap.
Background technology
Steam turbine is that level is its most basic job note by a kind of dynamic power machine that the thermal energy of steam is mechanical energy
Unit, in structure each grade moving blades by nozzle and thereafter constituted, steam enter nozzle after its thermal energy be kinetic energy, so
Enter movable vane afterwards, to movable vane piece with impulsive force, impeller is rotated and is exported mechanical work.
Large-size steam turbine is exactly to be made up of multiple levels, and each level is made up of dynamic and static two parts, therefore whole steam turbine
Just it is made up of dynamic and static two parts.There must be certain gap between the rotation of steam turbine and stationary part, in case phase mutual friction.
Because inside and outside cylinder, before and after dividing plate and movable vane both sides have pressure difference, and one must be kept between corresponding sound part everywhere
Fixed gap is so that they will not collide, it is therefore necessary to set sealing gland.
The packing of steam turbine is divided into according to the position difference installed：Shaft end gland seal (abbreviation axle envelope), diaphragm gland and through-flow
Part packing, is respectively intended to prevent the leakage of the shaft end of steam turbine, dividing plate and movable vane overhead vapor, and its effect is respectively to prevent outer
Boundary's air enters steam turbine, with the steam in steam turbine, reduces steam leakage, so as to reduce rate of water make-up and prevent a high position
The working media of energy can flow to low level.Used as the consumable accessory and essential element of steam turbine, the packing of steam turbine increasingly causes
It is engaged in the concern of the engineers and technicians of Design of Steam Turbine.
From the test result of steam turbine operation can be seen that stage between steam leak cause unit internal efficiency reduction,
Leakage losses accounts for the 29% of grade total losses, and wherein movable vane top leakage losses then accounts for the 80% of total leakage losses, than stator blade or dynamic
The profile loss or secondary flow loss of leaf are also big, and the latter only accounts for and 15% is lost in level.In recent years with seal system for steam turbine not
Disconnected development, the security reliability and generatine set heat efficiency of steam turbine operation are all correspondingly improved.In order to reduce air loss, carry
Unit safety high and economy, domestic and international relevant department are transformed and are designed to traditional packing, have been occurred in that successively many new
Type packing.Current existing packing mainly has following several：
(1) tooth-like (labyrinth type) packing is dredged
It is widely used in traditional packing predominantly labyrinth gland of large, medium and small type steam turbine at present.Labyrinth gland
In, serrate-type steam seal is because of its packing low cost, simple structure, safe and reliable and be widely used being easily installed.Its structure is such as
Fig. 3.
Because the packing product is a kind of contactless rigid seal, gap is too small, and gland sealing gear is just easy to be touched with rotor
Mill, but also safety problem can be brought because two rigidity touch mill.Problem present in use has：
(1) due to opening the reasons such as machine excessively critical, abnormal vibrations are overproof, flow-induced vibration, gland sealing gear can all caused permanently
Abrasion, cause seal clearance increase at double, that is to say, that maintenance and have very much can the labyrinth clearance adjusted meticulously when installing
Just can be ground big when first time starting critical, for old unit, such case is more obvious.Therefore rotor is considered
The vibration of critical speed is crossed, radial clearance is generally 0.60~0.80mm when traditional comb-tooth-type labyrinth gland is installed, according to rotor
Different situations, some gaps are bigger.The leakage flow of labyrinth seal steeply rises with the increase of pressure difference, its leakage efficiency urgency
Play declines, and is shown according to related statistics, and steam turbine clearance adjustment often increases 0.0254mm, mean power loss about 4~5kW.
(2) when gland sealing gear touches mill with axle, moment produces amount of heat, causes axle hot-spot, in some instances it may even be possible to cause
Permanent bending of rotor, so in unit maintenance, power plant can only tune up packing radial clearance, be ensured with sacrificing economy as cost
The security of unit.
(3) in the steam for being chronically at HTHP due to the spring leaf of gland blocks in actual motion, working environment is disliked
It is bad, along with spring leaf in itself material the reason for, in overhaul of steam turbine it is often found that because spring leaf elasticity is bad, gland blocks because
Fouling is stuck and causes labyrinth clearance to change.
(4) inhomogeneities of labyrinth seal annular compartment, is the major reason for producing steam flow excitation, and turbine high-pressure turns
The steam flow excitation that son is produced jeopardizes the safe operation of unit once being difficult to solve.
(2) Honeycomb steam seal
When the Throttle Principle of honeycomb seal is airflow passes honeycomb, vortex is formed under certain flow velocity and gap, and produced
Raw damping.But under actual motion condition, the condition that vortex is formed can not be met, be hardly formed good vortex and show
As.Its structure is still a kind of rigid seal, once touching mill will result in permanent abrasion, and gap increases therewith.Gap
When too small, open machine and easily seize, caused machine difficult, the excessive then sealing effectiveness in gap is poor, therefore honeycomb is generally used for low pressure end
Level leaf top wet-steam region.
Honeycomb steam seal makes a concession structure still using the back plate spring structure of traditional packing, so installing gap typically takes tradition
The upper limit of packing radial clearance design load.Easy to wear, gap cannot recover, if gap is too small or non-homogeneous expansion can cause cellular band
Contacted with rotor (or shroud) face, vibration the aggravation even situation of rotor locking may be caused.
(3) selfregulated glandpacking (brandon steam-glanding)
The operation principle of brandon steam-glanding is to overcome spring force by front and rear pressure difference changes at different levels, plays regulation gas
Seal the effect in gap.Vibrated when the unit existed which solves traditional sealing gland is opened, rotor present in stopping process is excessively critical
The excessive and problem that causes sealing gland to touch and rub, also solved that critical vibrations are big to cause permanent increase to ask to sealing gland gap
Topic, adapts to the change adjust automatically seal clearance of unit load.The general sealing gland is used for high-pressure section dividing plate, because herein
The front and rear pressure difference of stage can meet needs, and mesolow part and axle envelope are not applied to then, and diameter is excessive at leaf top, such as
Fruit uses Bu Laideng sealing glands, and the gaping of joints at every adjacent two pieces of sealing glands is reserved will be very big, therefore leakage formed here
Amount may not necessarily compensate the income obtained after the adjustment of sealing gland gap.
In addition, in startup and initial load stage, sealing gland ring under the action of the spring, in fully open position, now between sealing gland
Gap is maximum, and air leakage is big, and rotor heating is fast, if cylinder heating is delayed, larger just swollen difference easily occurs.
In addition, this kind of sealing is higher to water quality requirement.Longtime running is likely to result in spring fouling, fatigue failure and cannot grow
Phase keeps sensitive self-adjusting effect, and unit is again started up rubbing occur because gap is smaller, it is possible to create vibration.
(4) contact packing
" contact sealing gland " be in the middle of traditional comb-tooth-type sealing gland block an embedded circle can with the diaphragm seal of axle directly contact, and
And can automatically be made a concession under the effect of spring leaf elastic force, to ensure to be contacted with axle all the time, belong to flexible sealing, it adapts to rotor
Bounce.But contacted with axial plane for a long time, frictional heat, intensity and physical characteristic of material etc. are had higher requirements, and the heat for producing
If amount can not drain in time, the serious problems such as overheating deforming may be caused.
(5) side tooth packing
It is to be transformed on a tooth high of comb packing, is adding 1-2 roads edge again on the direction of gland sealing gear
Axially extending tooth form.Its principle is that vortex can be formed when air-flow runs into this stairstepping tooth, plays damping action.But
This kind of packing is limited to axial gap, still cannot solve the problems, such as that abrasion post gap permanently increases, the effect of side tooth damping
As the increase in gap and have a greatly reduced quality.
(6) DAS packings
Also cry " canine tooth packing ".Its structure is similar with comb, but the tooth of gland blocks both sides increases thickening, and uses ferrite
High-abrasive material.If it happens touched when starting shooting critical and rubbed, just only with canine tooth grazing, other teeth are protected, but the packing with
Axle can cause unit vibration when rubbing.
(7) adjustable steam seal
When steam turbine crosses critical speed, vibration can be increased, if gap is too small, will result in sound friction, influence safety.
Adjustable sealing is packing segmental arc is maintained larger gap using spring force in start-up course.When by after critical speed,
By steam pressure compression spring, reduce packing segmental arc gap.
Adjustable steam seal vibrates the influence increased to packing abrasion during address only start and stop, but in unit operation
The vibration caused by other factorses is increased, and adjustable steam seal cannot avoid friction.In addition, spring long-term rust in high temperature environments
Erosion easilys lead to elastic failure, and effect is undesirable in actual applications.
(8) brush steam seal
Brush seal is applied in aero-engine earliest, and Hou You GE companies are used on industrial combustion gas formula steam turbine.Should
In sealing, dielectric leakage is occurred mainly in the micro gap formed between the fine wire of dense arrangement, these gap institute shapes
Into zigzag path ensure that the inhomogeneities that fluid flows wherein, fluid is produced from sealing effect, so as to reduce leakage.
The bristle of highdensity high temperature cobalt-base alloys fine wire composition, can be indeformable with resistance to more than 1200 degrees Celsius of high temperature.Operation
When brush wire bundle similar to the wind effects of shelter-forest, play sealing effectiveness.The packing belongs to flexible sealing, is adapted to rotor wink
State is beated and keeps gap constant.Influence to unit safety is smaller.It has the disadvantage：Brush filament is expensive, and processing technology will
Ask higher, it is relatively costly.
In sum：(1) traditional thin tooth-like packing and Honeycomb steam seal be without the possibility for further reducing labyrinth clearance again,
Cannot again carry out reducing the design of air loss.(2) although selfregulated glandpacking and adjustable steam seal can be by automatic or manuals
Mode changes the gap between stator and rotor, but circular runout when being merely capable of tackling critical speed increases suddenly；No
The rotor radial bounce increase suddenly that other reasons are caused can be tackled.Use spring part in other two kinds of packings, and vapour
High temperature, high humidity environment inside turbine unavoidably reduce two kinds of service lifes of packing.(3) contact packing, DAS
Although packing, brush steam seal reduce the gap even eliminated between stator and rotor, friction is increased, reduce steam turbine
Safety；Although taking the measure of influence when reducing stator and friction rotor, generate therewith in friction part material
Particular/special requirement, or even improve steam turbine cost.
In order to reduce air loss, although above-mentioned packing component all considers the circular runout of rotor to reducing in design
Labyrinth clearance adverse effect, but all it is by the way of passive reply, do not have when these adverse effects are tackled
Consider to reduce the active mode that rotor radial is beated, therefore while obtaining certain effect, other unfavorable factors can be brought.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve prior art when air loss at sealing gland at the top of Steam Turbines is reduced, only
Beated only with passive reply rotor radial, while certain effect is obtained, the problem of other unfavorable factors can be brought.
The present invention is realized by following step：
First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine
Gap between external diameter is between 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters；
2nd, after steam turbine reaches rated speed, regulation is arranged on the aiding support component at dividing plate endoporus, makes aiding support
Top bearing shell and lower bearing on component are progressively tended to closing up and around turbine spindle, are jumped with the radial direction for reducing turbine spindle
It is dynamic；
The aiding support component includes the inner circle of top bearing shell, lower bearing and radial direction propulsion plant, top bearing shell and lower bearing
Arc surface is provided with uniform micro- stomata, and the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with the external arc surface of top bearing shell and lower bearing and sets
Plenum chamber, micro- stomata and plenum chamber constitute air-channel system, and plenum chamber is communicated with micro- stomata makes top bearing shell and lower bearing
Inner surface form air cushion, outer surface and the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant of plenum chamber fix, and radial direction propulsion plant sets
Put in the mounting hole opened on the bore area of dividing plate；
3rd, regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes three rollers in righting device assembly progressively to vapour
Turbine main shaft is approached；
The righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods, three propulsion plants, and three push rods are perpendicular to steamer
Divide equally in 120 degree in the plane of owner's axle and arrange；Roller is arranged on push rod front end, and the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion
Device, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；
4th, top bearing shell and lower bearing on aiding support component is gradually return with away from turbine spindle, and make gas circuit
System stops supply；
5th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, makes the bore area of movable vane top air seal component to steam turbine leaf
Piece external diameter gradually draws in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.25 millimeter；Movable vane top sealing gland group
Part includes screw-nut body, air sealing and motor, and movable vane top air seal component is embedded on the inwall of steam turbine gas chamber shell,
Motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by screw-nut body.
The solution have the advantages that：The circular runout of turbine spindle by centralizer component constraint, so that adjusting
Section Steam Turbines top sealing gland at gap become easy, therefore, it is possible to finally make movable vane top air seal component bore area with
When it is lower limit, compare labyrinth sealing between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter in blade outer surface gap therebetween
Gap value it is small 3 times, it is also smaller than contact seal gap.When the dynamic balancing of turbine spindle is deteriorated, regulation can gradually become
In higher limit.But because this constraint exists always, while the effect that steam leakage amount reduces is obtained, moreover it is possible in steam
During pressure oscillation, reduce steam turbine shaft run-out, maintain the stabilization of steam turbine operation.Furthermore it is also possible at any time according to vapour
Turbine running status, dynamic regulation righting device assembly is between at the sealing gland of the degree of restraint and Steam Turbines of turbine spindle top
Gap.
Due to before righting device assembly applying effect, first employing jet bearing shell turbine spindle is given about in advance
Beam, reduces the contact vibration of righting device assembly and turbine spindle, makes regulation process more steady, and righting device assembly is to vapour
The constraint precision of turbine main shaft is higher, more stable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the impulsive style steam turbine sealing gland gap of prior art；Wherein reference 1-1 be dividing plate (or
Fixed blade ring) sealing gland radial clearance, 1-2 is movable vane top sealing gland radial clearance, and 1-3 is at sealing gland axial gap or movable vane root
Axial sealing gland gap；Fig. 2 is the packing use state schematic diagram of prior art；Reference 2-1 is partition body in figure, and 2-2 is
Rotor blade, 2-3 is sealing gland ring, and sealing gland ring is in the packing groove of dividing plate inner circle；Fig. 3 is interdigitated electrode structure labyrinth seal schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of side tooth sealing gland；Reference 4-1 is spring in figure, and reference 4-2 is sealing gland circle；Fig. 5 is brush
The principle schematic of packing；Reference 5-1 is the pivot angle of bristle in figure, and 5-2 is rotor；Arrow in figure is the motion of rotor
Direction；Fig. 6 is movable vane top of the invention air seal component structural representation；Fig. 7 is the A of Fig. 6 to schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is centralizer
The attachment structure schematic diagram of component and dividing plate；Fig. 9 is the structural representation of aiding support component；Figure 10 is pushed away in righting device assembly
Enter the attachment structure schematic diagram of device.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 to Figure 10.Present embodiment is by as follows
Step is realized：
First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine
Clearance t between outer surface is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；
2nd, after steam turbine reaches rated speed, regulation is arranged on the aiding support component at dividing plate endoporus, makes aiding support
Top bearing shell and lower bearing on component are progressively tended to closing up and around turbine spindle, are jumped with the radial direction for reducing turbine spindle
It is dynamic；When original state, inner surface and the turbine spindle 9-3 of top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 on aiding support component
The distance on surface can be 5 to 10 millimeters.
The aiding support component includes top bearing shell 7-1, lower bearing 7-2 and radial direction propulsion plant I, top bearing shell 7-1 with
The Inner arc surface of bearing shell 7-2 is provided with uniform micro- stomata 7-4, the inlet end of micro- stomata 7-4 be respectively communicated with top bearing shell 7-1 and under
Plenum chamber 7-5, micro- stomata 7-4 and plenum chamber 7-5 the composition air-channel system set on the external arc surface of bearing shell 7-2 are high
Plenum chamber 7-5 is communicated with micro- stomata 7-4 makes the inner surface of top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 form air cushion, plenum chamber 7-5's
Outer surface is fixed with the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant I, and radial direction propulsion plant I is arranged on the bore area of dividing plate 9-6 and opens
Mounting hole in；
Air pressure in the plenum chamber 7-5 can be set up by drawing a pneumatic circuit from steam turbine air distribution system
And holding.A pneumatic circuit can also be individually introduced from outside steam turbine.Air pressure in plenum chamber 7-5 is about 15 to 20MPa.
3rd, regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes three rollers in righting device assembly progressively to vapour
Turbine main shaft is approached；When original state, roller 8-1 surfaces in righting device assembly and turbine spindle 9-3 surfaces away from
From can be 5 to 10 millimeters.
The righting device assembly includes three roller 8-1, three push rod 8-2, three propulsion plants 8-3, three push rod 8-2
Arranged dividing equally in 120 degree in the plane of turbine spindle；Roller 8-1 is arranged on push rod 8-2 front ends, each push rod 8-
2 rear end all sets a propulsion plant 8-3, after roller 8-1 contact turbine spindles 9-3, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；
4th, top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 on aiding support component is made gradually to return to leave turbine spindle 9-3
Outer surface, and make air-channel system stop supply；
5th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, makes the bore area of movable vane top air seal component to steam turbine leaf
Piece outer surface is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；Movable vane top sealing gland
Component includes screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, and movable vane top air seal component is embedded in steam turbine gas chamber shell
Inwall in, motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body.
The selection of Motor stepper motor, stepper motor is controlled by stepper motor impulse generator and host computer
Action, motor, decelerator and screw-nut body form driving-chain so that the bore area of air sealing is to turbine blade 6-12
The average speed that outer surface is gradually drawn in is controlled below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can
To select planetary reducer.During being moved by propulsion plant 8-3 driving rolls, both can be in host computer
In program, allow three propulsion plant 8-3 automatically drive three roller motions, it is also possible to either manually or by host computer drive
It is dynamic.Three rollers both can be with synchronization action, it is also possible to asynchronous action.
Movable vane top air seal component is by two semitight circle 6-11 of structure identical and at least four groups transmission mechanism groups
Into the two ends for curving the semitight circle 6-11 of semi-annular shape respectively set one group of transmission mechanism；Every group of transmission mechanism includes driven tooth
Wheel 6-2, driving gear 6-3, the first positioning bearing 6-4, driving gear shaft 6-5, second position bearing 6-6, motor and subtract
Fast device 6-7, the 3rd positioning bearing 6-8, drive screw 6-9 and swivel nut 6-10, semitight circle 6-11 are inlaid in steam turbine air chamber shell
In the groove 6-13 of body 6-1 medial surfaces, motor and decelerator 6-7 are inlaid in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, swivel nut 6-10
One end be connected with the lateral surface of semitight circle 6-11, its connection can using ball pivot by the way of and consideration four drive screw 6-
9 are parallel to each other, and one end of drive screw 6-9 is screwed in the other end of swivel nut 6-10, the other end of drive screw 6-9 with it is driven
Gear 6-2 is coaxially fixed, and driven gear 6-2 is engaged with driving gear 6-3, one end of driving gear 6-3 and driving gear shaft 6-5
Connection, the other end of driving gear shaft 6-5 is connected with the rotary shaft of motor and decelerator 6-7, and driving gear shaft 6-5 passes through
First positioning bearing 6-4 and the second positioning bearing 6-6 are arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, and drive screw 6-9 passes through the 3rd
Positioning bearing 6-8 is arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1.Two semitight circle 6-11 form whole circle after being interlocked.
Present embodiment is used for impulsive style steam turbine, and its turbine spindle is setting at righting device assembly a diameter of 620
Millimeter.Turbine spindle two ends set diameter at the diameter of axle of bearing and, about at 300 to 400 millimeters, are typically chosen turbine spindle
Middle part set righting device assembly.Present embodiment is provided with centralizer group in the about centre position of turbine spindle
Part, equivalent to increased an intermediate supports, significantly improves the stressing conditions of shafting structure.
Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 8.Present embodiment and embodiment party
Formula one is compared：This method also includes three groups of range sensor 6-14 and one group of vibrating sensor 8-5, one group of range sensor
6-14 is arranged on air sealing 6-11 to measure gaps of the air sealing 6-11 with turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces and steamer in real time
The circular runout of machine blade 6-12 outer surfaces；Another group of range sensor 8-4 is separately positioned at the front end of push rod 8-2,
To measure the circular runout of the distance and turbine spindle 9-3 of roller 8-1 and turbine spindle 9-3 in real time；Described another group away from
It is arranged on top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 from sensor, to measure top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 and steamer owner in real time
The circular runout in the gap and turbine spindle 9-3 of axle 9-3；Sentence the front end that one group of vibrating sensor 8-5 is arranged on push rod 8-2
Collection vibration data.
Also include following technological means in second step, make top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 on aiding support component
Progressively tend to closing up and during the turbine spindle 9-3, Real-time Collection top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 and steam turbine
The change and the circular runout of turbine spindle 9-3 of pressure in the gap of main shaft 9-3, plenum chamber 7-5, if gap subtracts
The rising of pressure is synchronous with the reduction of bounce in small, plenum chamber 7-5 continues, then continue to make the top bearing shell on aiding support component
7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 progressively tend to the action closed up；There is pressure in the reduction in gap and plenum chamber 7-5 when detecting
Rise with bounce reduce can not synchronously continue situation when, stop top bearing shell 7-1 and the lower bearing for making on aiding support component
The action that 7-2 closes up.Regulation terminates rear top bearing shell and lower bearing and commonly reaches 0.10 to 0.30 milli with the gap T of turbine spindle
Rice, the circular runout of turbine spindle is between 0.08 to 0.12 millimeter.Pressure in plenum chamber be typically chosen 15 to
20MPa.In the early stage, due to bearing shell from turbine spindle farther out, with the reduction plenum chamber 7-5 in gap, pressure is not gone up
Rise, the circular runout of turbine spindle will not synchronously reduce, this time period keeps top bearing shell 7-1 and lower bearing 7-2 to steamer
The action of owner's axle 9-3 motions, until pressure rises in plenum chamber 7-5.In order that the air cushion set up in plenum chamber
More preferably, can be designed at the top bearing shell position corresponding with lower bearing and turbine spindle to be conducive to what air cushion kept by rigidity
Shape, such as set annular rib band to reduce the gas leakage of bearing shell end on axle, is set at micro- stomata of inner surface of bearing bush and deposits gas
Recessed channel etc..
Also include following technological means in third step, it is real during roller 8-1 levels off to turbine spindle 9-3
When collection roller 8-1 and turbine spindle 9-3 distance, control each roller 8-1 phases approximate with the distance of turbine spindle 9-3
Together；After certain roller 8-1 in righting device assembly has contacted turbine spindle 9-3, Real-time Collection turbine spindle 9-3's
Circular runout, if over three lasting feedings of roller 8-1, the circular runout of turbine spindle 9-3 no longer reduces, then roller
The feeding of 8-1 stops.So after operation, the circular runout of turbine spindle can be typically reached between 0.03 to 0.05 millimeter.
Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6.The step of present embodiment the 5th also includes
Following technological means, in the process for making the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane be drawn in turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces
In, the gap and the radial direction of turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces of Real-time Collection air sealing 6-11 and turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces
Bounce and the vibration data of vibrating sensor 8-5 collections, to ensure the numerical value of the numerical value consistently greater than circular runout of clearance t, such as
There is vibration data and increases extremely in fruit, then the bore area and steam turbine leaf of the movable vane of counteragent increase immediately top air seal component
The distance of piece outer surface, when before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, then recovery operation.The vibration data increases extremely
Refer to that movable vane top air seal component amplified 1 times or so in 0.5 second amplitude of internal vibration ripple.
Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment two.It is arranged such, it is to avoid because steam pressure becomes in steam turbine
The dynamic fluctuation of service for causing makes suddenly the bore area of movable vane top air seal component that grazing occur to turbine blade outer surface.
In the event of small grazing, after vibrating sensor 8-5 collects signal, make a concession immediately, after stable, then carry out gap tune
Section.
Specific embodiment four：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Figure 10.The propulsion dress of the righting device assembly
Putting 8-3 includes tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator 10-3, and cavity 10-6 is provided with steam turbine internal partition 10-4,
Tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator 10-3 are arranged in cavity 10-6, and tooth bar 10-1 is along perpendicular to steam turbine
Main shaft 9-3 directions arrange that one end of tooth bar 10-1 passes cavity 10-6 and fixed with push rod 8-2 phases, the horizontal stroke of the tooth bar 10-1
Section is rectangle, and it is the guide slide 10-7, tooth bar 10- of rectangle that cavity 10-6 forms cross section in the position that tooth bar 10-1 is passed
Fairlead 10-8, guide slide 10-7 and fairlead 10-8 are set in the cavity 10-6 of 1 other end and ensure that tooth bar 10-1's
Motion and positioning precision, gear 10-2 are meshed with tooth bar 10-1, and the gear shaft of gear 10-2 is connected to motor and decelerator 10-
On 3 output shaft, the roller 8-1 is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing 10-5.The selection of Motor step of the motor and decelerator 10-3
Stepper motor, the action of stepper motor, motor, decelerator and tooth are controlled by stepper motor impulse generator and host computer
Wheel, rack gear form driving-chain so that the average speed that roller 8-1 gradually draws in turbine spindle 9-3 outer surfaces
Control is below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can select planetary reducer.Every
Plate air sealing 10-5 is played a part of, dividing plate sealing gland 1-1 in its effect such as Fig. 1 identical with the dividing plate sealing gland of prior art,
The purpose for retaining dividing plate air sealing 10-5 is to prevent gas leakage herein.
Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment five：Present embodiment is that range sensor prioritizing selection is with the difference of implementation method two
Eddy current displacement sensor, vibrating sensor prioritizing selection is moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.Current vortex sensor can be static
Dynamically noncontact, high linearity, measure to high-resolution metal conductor measured away from detecting head surface distance.In quick peeler
In tool and the analysis of reciprocating machine performance, vibration research and analysis measurement, to the vibration of non-contacting high accuracy, displacement letter
Number, continuously can exactly collect many kinds of parameters of rotor oscillation state.Radial vibration, amplitude and axial location such as axle.
Moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors are structurally characterized in that：Steel circular housing, the inside aluminum frame by cylindrical permanent magnet with
Shell is integrally fixed, and has an aperture in the middle of permanent magnet, and coil and damping ring, mandrel are erected in the mandrel two ends through aperture
Two ends support built on stilts and are connected with shell by circular film.During work, sensor is rigidly connected with testee, when object shakes
When dynamic, sensor outer housing and permanent magnet vibrate therewith, and overhead mandrel, coil and damping ring are because inertia without shaking therewith
It is dynamic.Thus, in magnetic circuit space coil cutting magnetic line and produce the induced electromotive force for being proportional to vibration velocity, the output of coil
Exported to measuring circuit by lead.Due to steam turbine internal high temperature and the environment of high humility, can be with design protection housing and guarantor
Sheath, protects to sensor and wire.
Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment two.
Claims (10)
1. the method that jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that by the method following step reality
It is existing：
First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade external diameter of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine
Between gap between 1.5 to 2.5 millimeters；
2nd, after steam turbine reaches rated speed, regulation is arranged on the aiding support component at dividing plate endoporus, makes aiding support component
On top bearing shell and lower bearing progressively tend to closing up and around turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle；
The aiding support component includes the Inner arc table of top bearing shell, lower bearing and radial direction propulsion plant, top bearing shell and lower bearing
Face is provided with uniform micro- stomata, and the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with the height set on the external arc surface of top bearing shell and lower bearing
Plenum chamber, micro- stomata constitutes air-channel system with plenum chamber, and plenum chamber is communicated with micro- stomata to be made in top bearing shell and lower bearing
Surface forms air cushion, and outer surface and the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant of plenum chamber are fixed, and radial direction propulsion plant is arranged on
In the mounting hole opened on the bore area of dividing plate；
3rd, regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes three rollers in righting device assembly progressively to steam turbine
Main shaft is approached；
The righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods, three propulsion plants, and three push rods are perpendicular to steamer owner
Divide equally in 120 degree in the plane of axle and arrange；Roller is arranged on push rod front end, and the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion dress
Put, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；
4th, top bearing shell and lower bearing on aiding support component is gradually return with away from turbine spindle, and make air-channel system
Stop supply；
5th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, make movable vane top air seal component bore area to turbine blade outside
Footpath is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.25 millimeter；Movable vane top air seal component bag
Screw-nut body, air sealing and motor are included, movable vane top air seal component is embedded on the inwall of steam turbine gas chamber shell, motor
Air sealing is driven to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by screw-nut body.
2. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Should
Method also includes three groups of range sensors (6-14) and one group of vibrating sensor (8-5), one group of range sensor (6-
14) be arranged on air sealing (6-11) gap to measure air sealing (6-11) and turbine blade (6-12) outer surface in real time and
The circular runout of turbine blade (6-12) outer surface；Another group of range sensor (8-4) is separately positioned on push rod (8-2)
Front end at, jumped with the radial direction of the distance and turbine spindle (9-3) that measure roller (8-1) and turbine spindle (9-3) in real time
It is dynamic；The another group of range sensor is arranged on top bearing shell (7-1) and lower bearing (7-2), to measure top bearing shell (7-1) in real time
With the circular runout in lower bearing (7-2) and the gap and turbine spindle (9-3) of turbine spindle (9-3)；One group of vibrating sensing
Sentence collection vibration data in the front end that device (8-5) is arranged on push rod (8-2).
3. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The
Also include following technological means in two steps, progressively become top bearing shell (7-1) and lower bearing (7-2) on aiding support component is made
In closing up and during the turbine spindle (9-3), Real-time Collection top bearing shell (7-1) and lower bearing (7-2) and steam turbine
The gap of main shaft (9-3), the change of plenum chamber (7-5) interior pressure and the circular runout of turbine spindle (9-3), if gap
Reduction, plenum chamber (7-5) interior pressure rising with bounce reduction it is synchronous continuity, then continue to make on aiding support component
Top bearing shell (7-1) and lower bearing (7-2) progressively tend to the action closed up；There is the reduction in gap and plenum chamber when detecting
The rising of (7-5) interior pressure and bounce reduce can not synchronously continue situation when, stop the upper axle for making on aiding support component
The action that watt (7-1) and lower bearing (7-2) close up.
4. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The
Also include following technological means, during roller (8-1) levels off to turbine spindle (9-3), Real-time Collection in three steps
Roller (8-1) and the distance of turbine spindle (9-3), control the distance phase of each roller (8-1) and turbine spindle (9-3)
Together；After certain roller (8-1) in righting device assembly has contacted turbine spindle (9-3), Real-time Collection turbine spindle
The circular runout of (9-3), if over three lasting feedings of roller (8-1), the circular runout of turbine spindle (9-3) is no longer
Reduce, then the feeding of roller (8-1) stops.
5. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The
Five steps also include following technological means, make the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane to turbine blade (6-12) appearance
During face is drawn in, the gap and turbine blade of Real-time Collection air sealing (6-11) and turbine blade (6-12) outer surface
The circular runout of (6-12) outer surface and the vibration data of vibrating sensor (8-5) collection are big all the time with the numerical value for ensureing clearance t
In the numerical value of circular runout, increase extremely if there is vibration data, then the movable vane of counteragent increase immediately top air seal component
Bore area and turbine blade outer surface distance, when before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, then recovery operation.
6. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Away from
Eddy current displacement sensor is selected from sensor.
7. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Shake
Dynamic sensor selection moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.
8. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Help
The propulsion plant (8-3) of positive device assembly includes tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3), in steam turbine
Cavity (10-6) is provided with dividing plate (10-4), tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3) are arranged on chamber
In body (10-6), tooth bar (10-1) arranges that one end of tooth bar (10-1) passes chamber along perpendicular to turbine spindle (9-3) direction
Body (10-6) and mutually fixed with push rod (8-2), the cross section of the tooth bar (10-1) is rectangle, and cavity (10-6) is in tooth bar (10-
1) it is the guide slide (10-7) of rectangle that the position for passing forms cross section, in the cavity (10-6) of the other end of tooth bar (10-1)
Fairlead (10-8) is set, and guide slide (10-7) and fairlead (10-8) ensure that motion and the positioning accurate of tooth bar (10-1)
Degree, gear (10-2) is meshed with tooth bar (10-1), and the gear shaft of gear (10-2) is connected to motor and decelerator (10-3)
On output shaft, the roller (8-1) is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing (10-5).
9. jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusts the device of steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that described device includes aiding support group
Part and righting device assembly, aiding support component and righting device assembly are arranged on adjacent dividing plate endoporus；
The aiding support component includes the Inner arc table of top bearing shell, lower bearing and radial direction propulsion plant, top bearing shell and lower bearing
Face is provided with uniform micro- stomata, and the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with the height set on the external arc surface of top bearing shell and lower bearing
Plenum chamber, micro- stomata constitutes air-channel system with plenum chamber, and plenum chamber is communicated with micro- stomata to be made in top bearing shell and lower bearing
Surface forms air cushion, and outer surface and the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant of plenum chamber are fixed, and radial direction propulsion plant is arranged on
In the mounting hole opened on the bore area of dividing plate；
The righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods, three propulsion plants, and three push rods are perpendicular to steamer owner
Divide equally in 120 degree in the plane of axle and arrange；Roller is arranged on push rod front end, and the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion dress
Put, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling.
10. jet sectional center frame vibration damping according to claim 9 adjusts the device of steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that help
The propulsion plant (8-3) of positive device assembly includes tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3), in steam turbine
Cavity (10-6) is provided with dividing plate (10-4), tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3) are arranged on chamber
In body (10-6), tooth bar (10-1) arranges that one end of tooth bar (10-1) passes chamber along perpendicular to turbine spindle (9-3) direction
Body (10-6) and mutually fixed with push rod (8-2), the cross section of the tooth bar (10-1) is rectangle, and cavity (10-6) is in tooth bar (10-
1) it is the guide slide (10-7) of rectangle that the position for passing forms cross section, in the cavity (10-6) of the other end of tooth bar (10-1)
Fairlead (10-8) is set, and guide slide (10-7) and fairlead (10-8) ensure that motion and the positioning accurate of tooth bar (10-1)
Degree, gear (10-2) is meshed with tooth bar (10-1), and the gear shaft of gear (10-2) is connected to motor and decelerator (10-3)
On output shaft, the roller (8-1) is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing (10-5).
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| CN201710150492.6A CN106837435B (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2017-03-14 | The method and device of jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusting steam turbine sealing gland |
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| CN201710150492.6A CN106837435B (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2017-03-14 | The method and device of jet sectional center frame vibration damping adjusting steam turbine sealing gland |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113263419A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-17 | 湖南宇环精密制造有限公司 | Eccentric polishing mechanism |
| CN114033503A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 国网河北能源技术服务有限公司 | Sealing structure for turbine blade top gap |
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| CN102588007A (en) * | 2012-03-24 | 2012-07-18 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Combination method for steam seals of steam turbine |
| CN203756242U (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-08-06 | 南京兆能节能科技有限公司 | Multiple labyrinth brush type vapor seal |
| CN103982244A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-13 | 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 | Blade-retractable steam seal and mounting and debugging method thereof |
| CN204060815U (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-31 | 北京蓝爱迪电力技术有限公司 | One touches Shi Bulaideng Honeycomb steam seal |
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2017
- 2017-03-14 CN CN201710150492.6A patent/CN106837435B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102588007A (en) * | 2012-03-24 | 2012-07-18 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Combination method for steam seals of steam turbine |
| CN203756242U (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-08-06 | 南京兆能节能科技有限公司 | Multiple labyrinth brush type vapor seal |
| CN103982244A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-13 | 南京博沃科技发展有限公司 | Blade-retractable steam seal and mounting and debugging method thereof |
| CN204060815U (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-31 | 北京蓝爱迪电力技术有限公司 | One touches Shi Bulaideng Honeycomb steam seal |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113263419A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-17 | 湖南宇环精密制造有限公司 | Eccentric polishing mechanism |
| CN114033503A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-11 | 国网河北能源技术服务有限公司 | Sealing structure for turbine blade top gap |
| CN114033503B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-05-28 | 国网河北能源技术服务有限公司 | Sealing structure for turbine blade tip clearance |
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| CN106837435B (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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