CN106812557A - Macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland - Google Patents

Abstract

Macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland, the present invention relates to a kind of method and device for adjusting Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap.To solve to reduce now during air loss at the sealing gland of Steam Turbines top, only with the problem of passive reply rotor radial bounce.The scheme of method and device is that after rated speed is reached, regulation is arranged on the propulsion plant of the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes three rollers in righting device assembly progressively close to turbine spindle；When the outer surface of roller and the outer surface minimum range of turbine spindle reach 0.1 millimeter, stop propulsion plant, increase the energization quantity of electrode slice in each piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component, so that roller moves closer to or is close to turbine spindle, finally adjust Steam Turbines top air seal component, the bore area of movable vane top air seal component is gradually drawn in turbine blade outer surface, ultimately form gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter.

Description

Macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping adjusts the method and device of steam turbine sealing gland

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method and device for adjusting Steam Turbines top sealing gland gap.

Background technology

Steam turbine is that level is its most basic job note by a kind of dynamic power machine that the thermal energy of steam is mechanical energy Unit, in structure each grade moving blades by nozzle and thereafter constituted, steam enter nozzle after its thermal energy be kinetic energy, so Enter movable vane afterwards, to movable vane piece with impulsive force, impeller is rotated and is exported mechanical work.

Large-size steam turbine is exactly to be made up of multiple levels, and each level is made up of dynamic and static two parts, therefore whole steam turbine Just it is made up of dynamic and static two parts.There must be certain gap between the rotation of steam turbine and stationary part, in case phase mutual friction. Because inside and outside cylinder, before and after dividing plate and movable vane both sides have pressure difference, and one must be kept between corresponding sound part everywhere Fixed gap is so that they will not collide, it is therefore necessary to set sealing gland.

The packing of steam turbine is divided into according to the position difference installed：Shaft end gland seal (abbreviation axle envelope), diaphragm gland and through-flow Part packing, is respectively intended to prevent the leakage of the shaft end of steam turbine, dividing plate and movable vane overhead vapor, and its effect is respectively to prevent outer Boundary's air enters steam turbine, with the steam in steam turbine, reduces steam leakage, so as to reduce rate of water make-up and prevent a high position The working media of energy can flow to low level.Used as the consumable accessory and essential element of steam turbine, the packing of steam turbine increasingly causes It is engaged in the concern of the engineers and technicians of Design of Steam Turbine.

From the test result of steam turbine operation can be seen that stage between steam leak cause unit internal efficiency reduction, Leakage losses accounts for the 29% of grade total losses, and wherein movable vane top leakage losses then accounts for the 80% of total leakage losses, than stator blade or dynamic The profile loss or secondary flow loss of leaf are also big, and the latter only accounts for and 15% is lost in level.In recent years with seal system for steam turbine not Disconnected development, the security reliability and generatine set heat efficiency of steam turbine operation are all correspondingly improved.In order to reduce air loss, carry Unit safety high and economy, domestic and international relevant department are transformed and are designed to traditional packing, have been occurred in that successively many new Type packing.Current existing packing mainly has following several：

(1) tooth-like (labyrinth type) packing is dredged

It is widely used in traditional packing predominantly labyrinth gland of large, medium and small type steam turbine at present.Labyrinth gland In, serrate-type steam seal is because of its packing low cost, simple structure, safe and reliable and be widely used being easily installed.Its structure is such as Fig. 3.

Because the packing product is a kind of contactless rigid seal, gap is too small, and gland sealing gear is just easy to be touched with rotor Mill, but also safety problem can be brought because two rigidity touch mill.Problem present in use has：

(1) due to opening the reasons such as machine excessively critical, abnormal vibrations are overproof, flow-induced vibration, gland sealing gear can all caused permanently Abrasion, cause seal clearance increase at double, that is to say, that maintenance and have very much can the labyrinth clearance adjusted meticulously when installing Just can be ground big when first time starting critical, for old unit, such case is more obvious.Therefore rotor is considered The vibration of critical speed is crossed, radial clearance is generally 0.60~0.80mm when traditional comb-tooth-type labyrinth gland is installed, according to rotor Different situations, some gaps are bigger.The leakage flow of labyrinth seal steeply rises with the increase of pressure difference, its leakage efficiency urgency Play declines, and is shown according to related statistics, and steam turbine clearance adjustment often increases 0.0254mm, mean power loss about 4~5kW.

(2) when gland sealing gear touches mill with axle, moment produces amount of heat, causes axle hot-spot, in some instances it may even be possible to cause Permanent bending of rotor, so in unit maintenance, power plant can only tune up packing radial clearance, be ensured with sacrificing economy as cost The security of unit.

(3) in the steam for being chronically at HTHP due to the spring leaf of gland blocks in actual motion, working environment is disliked It is bad, along with spring leaf in itself material the reason for, in overhaul of steam turbine it is often found that because spring leaf elasticity is bad, gland blocks because Fouling is stuck and causes labyrinth clearance to change.

(4) inhomogeneities of labyrinth seal annular compartment, is the major reason for producing steam flow excitation, and turbine high-pressure turns The steam flow excitation that son is produced jeopardizes the safe operation of unit once being difficult to solve.

(2) Honeycomb steam seal

When the Throttle Principle of honeycomb seal is airflow passes honeycomb, vortex is formed under certain flow velocity and gap, and produced Raw damping.But under actual motion condition, the condition that vortex is formed can not be met, be hardly formed good vortex and show As.Its structure is still a kind of rigid seal, once touching mill will result in permanent abrasion, and gap increases therewith.Gap When too small, open machine and easily seize, caused machine difficult, the excessive then sealing effectiveness in gap is poor, therefore honeycomb is generally used for low pressure end Level leaf top wet-steam region.

Honeycomb steam seal makes a concession structure still using the back plate spring structure of traditional packing, so installing gap typically takes tradition The upper limit of packing radial clearance design load.Easy to wear, gap cannot recover, if gap is too small or non-homogeneous expansion can cause cellular band Contacted with rotor (or shroud) face, vibration the aggravation even situation of rotor locking may be caused.

(3) selfregulated glandpacking (brandon steam-glanding)

The operation principle of brandon steam-glanding is to overcome spring force by front and rear pressure difference changes at different levels, plays regulation gas Seal the effect in gap.Vibrated when the unit existed which solves traditional sealing gland is opened, rotor present in stopping process is excessively critical The excessive and problem that causes sealing gland to touch and rub, also solved that critical vibrations are big to cause permanent increase to ask to sealing gland gap Topic, adapts to the change adjust automatically seal clearance of unit load.The general sealing gland is used for high-pressure section dividing plate, because herein The front and rear pressure difference of stage can meet needs, and mesolow part and axle envelope are not applied to then, and diameter is excessive at leaf top, such as Fruit uses Bu Laideng sealing glands, and the gaping of joints at every adjacent two pieces of sealing glands is reserved will be very big, therefore leakage formed here Amount may not necessarily compensate the income obtained after the adjustment of sealing gland gap.

In addition, in startup and initial load stage, sealing gland ring under the action of the spring, in fully open position, now between sealing gland Gap is maximum, and air leakage is big, and rotor heating is fast, if cylinder heating is delayed, larger just swollen difference easily occurs.

In addition, this kind of sealing is higher to water quality requirement.Longtime running is likely to result in spring fouling, fatigue failure and cannot grow Phase keeps sensitive self-adjusting effect, and unit is again started up rubbing occur because gap is smaller, it is possible to create vibration.

(4) contact packing

" contact sealing gland " be in the middle of traditional comb-tooth-type sealing gland block an embedded circle can with the diaphragm seal of axle directly contact, and And can automatically be made a concession under the effect of spring leaf elastic force, to ensure to be contacted with axle all the time, belong to flexible sealing, it adapts to rotor Bounce.But contacted with axial plane for a long time, frictional heat, intensity and physical characteristic of material etc. are had higher requirements, and the heat for producing If amount can not drain in time, the serious problems such as overheating deforming may be caused.

(5) side tooth packing

It is to be transformed on a tooth high of comb packing, is adding 1-2 roads edge again on the direction of gland sealing gear Axially extending tooth form.Its principle is that vortex can be formed when air-flow runs into this stairstepping tooth, plays damping action.But This kind of packing is limited to axial gap, still cannot solve the problems, such as that abrasion post gap permanently increases, the effect of side tooth damping As the increase in gap and have a greatly reduced quality.

(6) DAS packings

Also cry " canine tooth packing ".Its structure is similar with comb, but the tooth of gland blocks both sides increases thickening, and uses ferrite High-abrasive material.If it happens touched when starting shooting critical and rubbed, just only with canine tooth grazing, other teeth are protected, but the packing with Axle can cause unit vibration when rubbing.

(7) adjustable steam seal

When steam turbine crosses critical speed, vibration can be increased, if gap is too small, will result in sound friction, influence safety. Adjustable sealing is packing segmental arc is maintained larger gap using spring force in start-up course.When by after critical speed, By steam pressure compression spring, reduce packing segmental arc gap.

Adjustable steam seal vibrates the influence increased to packing abrasion during address only start and stop, but in unit operation The vibration caused by other factorses is increased, and adjustable steam seal cannot avoid friction.In addition, spring long-term rust in high temperature environments Erosion easilys lead to elastic failure, and effect is undesirable in actual applications.

(8) brush steam seal

Brush seal is applied in aero-engine earliest, and Hou You GE companies are used on industrial combustion gas formula steam turbine.Should In sealing, dielectric leakage is occurred mainly in the micro gap formed between the fine wire of dense arrangement, these gap institute shapes Into zigzag path ensure that the inhomogeneities that fluid flows wherein, fluid is produced from sealing effect, so as to reduce leakage. The bristle of highdensity high temperature cobalt-base alloys fine wire composition, can be indeformable with resistance to more than 1200 degrees Celsius of high temperature.Operation When brush wire bundle similar to the wind effects of shelter-forest, play sealing effectiveness.The packing belongs to flexible sealing, is adapted to rotor wink State is beated and keeps gap constant.Influence to unit safety is smaller.It has the disadvantage：Brush filament is expensive, and processing technology will Ask higher, it is relatively costly.

In sum：(1) traditional thin tooth-like packing and Honeycomb steam seal be without the possibility for further reducing labyrinth clearance again, Cannot again carry out reducing the design of air loss.(2) although selfregulated glandpacking and adjustable steam seal can be by automatic or manuals Mode changes the gap between stator and rotor, but circular runout when being merely capable of tackling critical speed increases suddenly；No The rotor radial bounce increase suddenly that other reasons are caused can be tackled.Use spring part in other two kinds of packings, and vapour High temperature, high humidity environment inside turbine unavoidably reduce two kinds of service lifes of packing.(3) contact packing, DAS Although packing, brush steam seal reduce the gap even eliminated between stator and rotor, friction is increased, reduce steam turbine Safety；Although taking the measure of influence when reducing stator and friction rotor, generate therewith in friction part material Particular/special requirement, or even improve steam turbine cost.

In order to reduce air loss, although above-mentioned packing component all considers the circular runout of rotor to reducing in design Labyrinth clearance adverse effect, but all it is by the way of passive reply, do not have when these adverse effects are tackled Consider to reduce the active mode that rotor radial is beated, therefore while obtaining certain effect, other unfavorable factors can be brought.

The content of the invention

The invention aims to solve prior art when air loss at sealing gland at the top of Steam Turbines is reduced, only Beated only with passive reply rotor radial, while certain effect is obtained, the problem of other unfavorable factors can be brought.

The present invention is realized by following step：

First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine Gap between outer surface is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；

2nd, after reaching rated speed, regulation is arranged on three propulsion plants of the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes to help Three rollers in positive device assembly are progressively close to turbine spindle；

The righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods and three propulsion plants, and described each push rod is by a set of Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is constituted, and three push rods are dividing equally arrangement in the plane of turbine spindle in 120 degree；Roller sets Put in push rod front end, the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion plant, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two to rolling Linear contact lay；Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is made up of outer sleeve, intermediate bar, multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece and multiple electrodes piece, middle Bar is formed by spline connection with outer sleeve and is slidably matched, and multi-disc pressure is provided between the rear end of intermediate bar and outer sleeve inner bottom part Electroceramics piece and multiple electrodes piece, are provided with rubber blanket between the rear end of intermediate bar and piezoelectric ceramic piece, outer sleeve inner bottom part with Rubber blanket is provided between piezoelectric ceramic piece, the front end of intermediate bar is connected with the rear end of roller, the outer bottom of outer sleeve with push away The front end for entering device is mutually fixed, and every piezoelectric ceramic piece is spaced with each electrode slice and to be stacked be layer structure, electrode slice Electrically connected with control circuit by wire；

3rd, when the outer surface of any one roller and the outer surface minimum range of turbine spindle reach 0.1 millimeter, stop The propulsion plant of the roller is only driven, after three rollers all stop, electrode in each piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is stepped up The energization quantity of piece, so that roller moves closer to or is close to turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle, roller After contact turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；

4th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, makes the bore area of movable vane top air seal component to steam turbine leaf Piece outer surface is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；Movable vane top sealing gland Component includes screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, and movable vane top air seal component is embedded in steam turbine gas chamber shell Inwall in, motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body.

The solution have the advantages that：The circular runout of turbine spindle by centralizer component constraint, so that adjusting Section Steam Turbines top sealing gland at gap become easy, therefore, it is possible to finally make movable vane top air seal component bore area with When it is lower limit, compare labyrinth sealing between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter in blade outer surface gap therebetween Gap value it is small 3 times, it is also smaller than contact seal gap.When the dynamic balancing of turbine spindle is deteriorated, regulation can gradually become In higher limit.But because this constraint exists always, while the effect that steam leakage amount reduces is obtained, moreover it is possible in steam During pressure oscillation, reduce steam turbine shaft run-out, maintain the stabilization of steam turbine operation.Furthermore it is also possible at any time according to vapour Turbine running status, dynamic regulation righting device assembly is between at the sealing gland of the degree of restraint and Steam Turbines of turbine spindle top Gap.Due to carrying out fine motion driving using piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component in final stage, reduce roller and connect with turbine spindle Vibration when touching.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the impulsive style steam turbine sealing gland gap of prior art；Wherein reference 1-1 be dividing plate (or Fixed blade ring) sealing gland radial clearance, 1-2 is movable vane top sealing gland radial clearance, and 1-3 is at sealing gland axial gap or movable vane root Axial sealing gland gap；Fig. 2 is the packing use state schematic diagram of prior art；Reference 2-1 is partition body in figure, and 2-2 is Rotor blade, 2-3 is sealing gland ring, and sealing gland ring is in the packing groove of dividing plate inner circle；Fig. 3 is interdigitated electrode structure labyrinth seal schematic diagram； Fig. 4 is the structural representation of side tooth sealing gland；Reference 4-1 is spring in figure, and reference 4-2 is sealing gland circle；Fig. 5 is brush The principle schematic of packing；Reference 5-1 is the pivot angle of bristle in figure, and 5-2 is rotor；Arrow in figure is the motion of rotor Direction；Fig. 6 is movable vane top of the invention air seal component structural representation；Fig. 7 be in Fig. 6 A to schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is centralizer The attachment structure schematic diagram of component and dividing plate；Fig. 9 is the structural representation of piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component in specific embodiment one. Figure 10 is righting device assembly and dividing plate sealing gland, the attachment structure schematic diagram of turbine spindle.Figure 11 is the vertical view of piezoelectric ceramic piece Figure.Figure 12 is the side view of piezoelectric ceramic piece.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, the method for present embodiment is It is achieved by the steps of：

First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and steam turbine 6-12 of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine Gap between blade outer surface is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；

2nd, after reaching rated speed, regulation is arranged on three propulsion plant 8-3 of the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, Make three roller 8-1 in righting device assembly progressively close to turbine spindle 9-3；When original state, righting device assembly On the distance on roller 8-1 surfaces and turbine spindle 9-3 surfaces can be 5 to 10 millimeters.

The righting device assembly includes three roller 8-1, three push rod 8-2 and three propulsion plant 8-3, it is described each push away Bar 8-2 is made up of a set of piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component, and three push rod 8-2 are in 120 in the plane perpendicular to turbine spindle 9-3 Degree divides equally arrangement；Roller 8-1 is arranged on push rod 8-2 front ends, and the rear end of each push rod 8-2 sets a propulsion plant 8-3, rolling After wheel 8-1 contact turbine spindles 9-3, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is by outer sleeve 8-20, centre Bar 8-24, multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece 8-22 and multiple electrodes piece 8-23 are constituted, and intermediate bar 8-24 and outer sleeve 8-20 passes through spline Connection formation is slidably matched, and multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece 8- is provided between the rear end of intermediate bar 8-24 and outer sleeve 8-20 inner bottom parts 22 and multiple electrodes piece 8-23, intermediate bar 8-24 rear end and piezoelectric ceramic piece 8-22 between be provided with rubber blanket 8-21, overcoat Rubber blanket 8-21 is provided between cylinder 8-20 inner bottom parts and piezoelectric ceramic piece 8-22, the front end of intermediate bar 8-24 is with roller 8-1's Rear end is connected, and outer bottom and the front end of propulsion plant 8-3 of outer sleeve 8-20 are mutually fixed, every piezoelectric ceramic piece 8-22 with it is every Individual electrode slice 8-23 is spaced and to be stacked be layer structure, and electrode slice 8-23 is electrically connected by wire with circuit 8-25 is controlled；

In order to prevent intermediate bar 8-24 from being extracted out from outer sleeve 8-20, axially stop block can be set, it is to avoid detach.On State structure and belong to this area ordinary construction design, here is omitted.

3rd, when the outer surface of any one roller 8-1 and the outer surface minimum range of turbine spindle 9-3 reach 0.1 milli Meter Shi, stops driving the propulsion plant 8-3 of roller 8-1, after three roller 8-1 stop, being stepped up each piezoelectricity pottery The energization quantity of electrode slice 8-23 in porcelain fine motion component, so that roller 8-1 moves closer to or is close to turbine spindle 9-3, to subtract The circular runout of small turbine main shaft 9-3, after roller 8-1 contact turbine spindles 9-3, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；Logical During crossing propulsion plant 8-3 or piezoelectric ceramics fine motion Component driver roller 8-1 motions, can both be compiled in host computer Processing procedure sequence, allows three propulsion plant 8-3 to drive three roller motions automatically, it is also possible to artificial input order, by upper calculating Machine drives.Three rollers both can be with synchronization action, it is also possible to asynchronous action.The stroke of piezoelectric ceramics fine motion Component driver roller Or the degree of turbine spindle is compressed depending on the setting quantity of piezoelectric ceramic piece, the thickness after each piezoelectric ceramic piece is powered increases Dosage is about the 0.1% of its original thickness.Determine that piezoelectric ceramic piece quantity is ordinary skill people according to gap width Member's simple experiment just can determine that here is omitted.Control circuit 8-25 can control the break-make of any one electrode slice 8-23 Electricity.So after operation, the circular runout of turbine spindle can be typically reached between 0.03 to 0.05 millimeter.

4th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, makes the bore area of movable vane top air seal component to steam turbine leaf Piece 6-12 gradually draws in outer surface, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；The movable vane top Air seal component includes screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, and movable vane top air seal component is embedded in steam turbine air chamber In the inwall of housing, motor drives air sealing to be transported along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body It is dynamic.

The selection of Motor stepper motor, stepper motor is controlled by stepper motor impulse generator and host computer Action, motor, decelerator and screw-nut body form driving-chain so that the bore area of air sealing is to turbine blade 6-12 The average speed that outer surface is gradually drawn in is controlled below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can To select planetary reducer.During being moved by propulsion plant 8-3 driving rolls, both can be in host computer In program, allow three propulsion plant 8-3 to drive three roller motions automatically, it is also possible to artificial input order, by upper Computer drives.Three rollers both can be with synchronization action, it is also possible to asynchronous action.

Movable vane top air seal component is by two semitight circle 6-11 of structure identical and at least four groups transmission mechanism groups Into the two ends for curving the semitight circle 6-11 of semi-annular shape respectively set one group of transmission mechanism；Every group of transmission mechanism includes driven tooth Wheel 6-2, driving gear 6-3, the first positioning bearing 6-4, driving gear shaft 6-5, second position bearing 6-6, motor and subtract Fast device 6-7, the 3rd positioning bearing 6-8, drive screw 6-9 and swivel nut 6-10, semitight circle 6-11 are inlaid in steam turbine air chamber shell In the groove 6-13 of body 6-1 medial surfaces, motor and decelerator 6-7 are inlaid in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, swivel nut 6-10 One end be connected with the lateral surface of semitight circle 6-11, its connection can using ball pivot by the way of and consideration four drive screw 6- 9 are parallel to each other, and one end of drive screw 6-9 is screwed in the other end of swivel nut 6-10, the other end of drive screw 6-9 with it is driven Gear 6-2 is coaxially fixed, and driven gear 6-2 is engaged with driving gear 6-3, one end of driving gear 6-3 and driving gear shaft 6-5 Connection, the other end of driving gear shaft 6-5 is connected with the rotary shaft of motor and decelerator 6-7, and driving gear shaft 6-5 passes through First positioning bearing 6-4 and the second positioning bearing 6-6 are arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, and drive screw 6-9 passes through the 3rd Positioning bearing 6-8 is arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1.Two semitight circle 6-11 form whole circle after being interlocked.

Present embodiment is used for impulsive style steam turbine, and its turbine spindle is setting at righting device assembly a diameter of 620 Millimeter.Turbine spindle two ends set diameter at the diameter of axle of bearing and, about at 300 to 400 millimeters, are typically chosen turbine spindle Middle part set righting device assembly.Present embodiment is provided with centralizer group in the about centre position of turbine spindle Part, equivalent to increased an intermediate supports, significantly improves the stressing conditions of shafting structure.

Specific embodiment two：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 to 9.Present embodiment also includes two groups Range sensor and one group of vibrating sensor, one group of range sensor 6-14 are arranged on air sealing to measure sealing gland in real time The circular runout in the gap and turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces of body 6-11 and turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces；Described another group Range sensor 8-4 is separately positioned at the front end of push rod 8-2, to measure the distance of roller 8-1 and turbine spindle 9-3 in real time With the circular runout of turbine spindle 9-3；Sentence collection vibration number in the front end that one group of vibrating sensor 8-5 is arranged on push rod 8-2 According to.

Present embodiment four steps also includes following technological means, make the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane to During turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces are drawn in, between Real-time Collection air sealing 6-11 and turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces The circular runout of gap and turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces and the vibration data of vibrating sensor 8-5 collections, to ensure clearance t Numerical value is consistently greater than the numerical value of circular runout, increases extremely if there is vibration data, then counteragent increases movable vane top immediately The bore area of portion's air seal component and the distance of turbine blade outer surface, when before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, Recovery operation again.Vibration data increase extremely refers to that movable vane top air seal component amplified 1 in 0.5 second amplitude of internal vibration ripple Times or so.

Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment one.It is arranged such, it is to avoid because steam pressure becomes in steam turbine The dynamic fluctuation of service for causing makes suddenly the bore area of movable vane top air seal component that grazing occur to turbine blade outer surface. In the event of small grazing, after vibrating sensor 8-5 collects signal, make a concession immediately, after stable, then carry out gap tune Section.

Specific embodiment three：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Figure 10.Centralizer group described in present embodiment The propulsion plant 8-3 of part includes tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator 10-3, is provided with steam turbine internal partition 10-4 Cavity 10-6, tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator 10-3 are arranged in cavity 10-6, and tooth bar 10-1 is perpendicular to vapour The direction arrangement of turbine main shaft 9-3, one end of tooth bar 10-1 passes cavity 10-6 and is fixed with roller 8-1 phases, the tooth bar 10- 1 cross section is rectangle, and it is the guide slide 10-7 of rectangle, tooth that cavity 10-6 forms cross section in the position that tooth bar 10-1 is passed Fairlead 10-8, guide slide 10-7 and fairlead 10-8 are set in the cavity 10-6 of the other end of bar 10-1 and ensure that tooth bar The motion of 10-1 and positioning precision, gear 10-2 are meshed with tooth bar 10-1, and the gear shaft of gear 10-2 is connected to motor and subtracts On the output shaft of fast device 10-3, the roller is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing 10-5.The motor choosing of the motor and decelerator 10-3 Select stepper motor, control the action of stepper motor by stepper motor impulse generator and host computer, motor, decelerator and Gear, rack gear form driving-chain so that the average speed that roller 8-1 gradually draws in turbine spindle 9-3 outer surfaces Degree control is below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can select planetary reducer. Dividing plate air sealing 10-5 is played a part of, dividing plate sealing gland 1- in its effect such as Fig. 1 identical with the dividing plate sealing gland of prior art 1, the purpose for retaining dividing plate air sealing 10-5 is to prevent gas leakage herein.

Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment one.

Specific embodiment four：Present embodiment is that range sensor prioritizing selection is with the difference of implementation method two Eddy current displacement sensor, vibrating sensor prioritizing selection is moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.Current vortex sensor can be static Dynamically noncontact, high linearity, measure to high-resolution metal conductor measured away from detecting head surface distance.In quick peeler In tool and the analysis of reciprocating machine performance, vibration research and analysis measurement, to the vibration of non-contacting high accuracy, displacement signal, Continuously can exactly collect many kinds of parameters of rotor oscillation state.Radial vibration, amplitude and axial location such as axle.Moving-coil Formula vibrating speed sensors are structurally characterized in that：Steel circular housing, the inside aluminum frame is by cylindrical permanent magnet and shell It is integrally fixed, there is an aperture in the middle of permanent magnet, coil and damping ring, mandrel two ends is erected through the mandrel two ends of aperture Support built on stilts by circular film and be connected with shell.During work, sensor is rigidly connected with testee, works as object vibration When, sensor outer housing and permanent magnet vibrate therewith, and overhead mandrel, coil and damping ring are because inertia without vibrating therewith. Thus, coil cutting magnetic line in magnetic circuit space and produce the induced electromotive force for being proportional to vibration velocity, the output of coil is led to Cross lead output to measuring circuit.Due to steam turbine internal high temperature and the environment of high humility, can be with design protection housing and protection Set, protects to sensor and wire.

Other technological means are identical with specific embodiment two.

Specific embodiment five：Present embodiment is with the difference of implementation method one, each piezoelectric ceramic piece 8-22 by Retainer 8-22-1 and multiple potsherd monomer 8-22-2 compositions, retainer 8-22-1 is insulator, the retainer 8-22-1 Upper surface and lower surface between be provided with equally distributed multiple holes, in each hole set a potsherd monomer 8-22-2, pottery The thickness of ceramics monomer 8-22-2 makes each potsherd monomer 8-22-2 contact electrode slice 8-23 more than retainer 8-22-1.So Set, the processing of piezoelectric ceramics is easier and bearing capacity is big.

Claims (8)

1. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, its feature is realized in the method by following step：

First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade appearance of the movable vane top air seal component of steam turbine Gap between face is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；

2nd, after reaching rated speed, regulation is arranged on three propulsion plants of the righting device assembly on dividing plate endoporus, makes centralizer Three rollers on component are progressively close to turbine spindle；

The righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods and three propulsion plants, and described each push rod is by a set of piezoelectricity Ceramic fine motion component composition, three push rods are dividing equally arrangement in the plane of turbine spindle in 120 degree；Roller is arranged on Push rod front end, the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion plant, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two line to rolling Contact；Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is made up of outer sleeve, intermediate bar, multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece and multiple electrodes piece, intermediate bar with Outer sleeve is formed by spline connection and is slidably matched, and multi-disc piezoelectricity pottery is provided between the rear end of intermediate bar and outer sleeve inner bottom part Ceramics and multiple electrodes piece, are provided with rubber blanket, outer sleeve inner bottom part and piezoelectricity between the rear end of intermediate bar and piezoelectric ceramic piece Rubber blanket is provided between potsherd, the front end of intermediate bar is connected with the rear end of roller, outer bottom and the propulsion of outer sleeve are filled The front end put mutually is fixed, and every piezoelectric ceramic piece is spaced with each electrode slice and to be stacked be layer structure, and electrode slice passes through Wire is electrically connected with control circuit；

3rd, when the outer surface of any one roller and the outer surface minimum range of turbine spindle reach 0.1 millimeter, stop driving The propulsion plant of the roller is moved, after three rollers all stop, electrode slice in each piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is stepped up Energization quantity, so that roller moves closer to or is close to turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle, roller contact After turbine spindle, into the two linear contact lay to rolling；

4th, regulation Steam Turbines top air seal component, make movable vane top air seal component bore area to turbine blade outside Surface is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；Movable vane top air seal component Including screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, movable vane top air seal component is embedded in the interior of steam turbine gas chamber shell In wall, motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body.

2. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 1 adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that should Method also includes two groups of range sensors and one group of vibrating sensor, and one group of range sensor is arranged on air sealing with reality When measurement air sealing and turbine blade outer surface gap and turbine blade outer surface circular runout；Described another group away from The top end of push rod is separately positioned on from sensor, to measure the distance and turbine spindle of roller and turbine spindle in real time Circular runout；One group of vibrating sensor is arranged on the top end of push rod to gather vibration data.

3. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 2 adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that the Four steps also includes following technological means, is drawn in turbine blade outer surface the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane is made During, the circular runout in the gap and turbine blade outer surface of Real-time Collection air sealing and turbine blade outer surface and The vibration data of vibrating sensor collection, to ensure the numerical value of the numerical value consistently greater than circular runout in gap, if there is vibration Data exception increases, then the bore area of the movable vane of counteragent increase immediately top air seal component and turbine blade outer surface Distance, when before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, then recovery operation.

4. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 2 adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that away from Eddy current displacement sensor is selected from sensor.

5. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 2 adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that shake Dynamic sensor selection moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.

6. the method that macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 1 adjusts steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that institute The propulsion plant (8-3) for stating righting device assembly includes tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3), steamer Cavity (10-6) is provided with machine internal partition (10-4), tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3) are set In cavity (10-6), tooth bar (10-1) arranges that one end of tooth bar (10-1) is worn along perpendicular to turbine spindle (9-3) direction Go out cavity (10-6) and mutually fixed with roller (8-1), the cross section of the tooth bar (10-1) is rectangle, and cavity (10-6) is in tooth bar It is the guide slide (10-7) of rectangle, the cavity (10- of the other end of tooth bar (10-1) that the position that (10-1) is passed forms cross section 6) fairlead (10-8) is set in, and guide slide (10-7) and fairlead (10-8) ensure that motion and the positioning of tooth bar (10-1) Precision, gear (10-2) is meshed with tooth bar (10-1), and the gear shaft of gear (10-2) is connected to motor and decelerator (10-3) Output shaft on, the roller is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing (10-5).

7. macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping adjusts the device of steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that described device includes centralizer group Part, the righting device assembly includes three rollers, three push rods and three propulsion plants, is provided with described each push rod a set of Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component, three push rods are dividing equally arrangement in the plane of turbine spindle in 120 degree；Roller is arranged on Push rod front end, the rear end of each push rod sets a propulsion plant, after roller contact turbine spindle, into the two line to rolling Contact；Piezoelectric ceramics fine motion component is made up of outer sleeve, intermediate bar, multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece and multiple electrodes piece, intermediate bar with Outer sleeve is formed by spline connection and is slidably matched, and multi-disc piezoelectricity pottery is provided between the rear end of intermediate bar and outer sleeve inner bottom part Ceramics and multiple electrodes piece, are provided with rubber blanket, outer sleeve inner bottom part and piezoelectricity between the rear end of intermediate bar and piezoelectric ceramic piece Rubber blanket is provided between potsherd, the front end of intermediate bar is connected with the rear end of roller, outer bottom and the propulsion of outer sleeve are filled The front end put mutually is fixed, and every piezoelectric ceramic piece is spaced with each electrode slice and to be stacked be layer structure, and electrode slice passes through Wire is electrically connected with control circuit.

8. macro and micro servo centre frame vibration damping according to claim 7 adjusts the device of steam turbine sealing gland, it is characterised in that every Individual piezoelectric ceramic piece (8-22) is made up of retainer (8-22-1) and multiple potsherds monomer (8-22-2), retainer (8-22-1) It is insulator, equally distributed multiple holes is provided between the upper surface of the retainer (8-22-1) and lower surface, in each hole One potsherd monomer (8-22-2) is set, and the thickness of potsherd monomer (8-22-2) makes each make pottery more than retainer (8-22-1) Ceramics monomer (8-22-2) contacts electrode slice (8-23).