CN106835231A - A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106835231A CN106835231A CN201611196927.2A CN201611196927A CN106835231A CN 106835231 A CN106835231 A CN 106835231A CN 201611196927 A CN201611196927 A CN 201611196927A CN 106835231 A CN106835231 A CN 106835231A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/22—Light metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment, and in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, including (1) washing；(2) ungrease treatment；(3) wash；(4) pickling；(5) wash；(6) alkali cleaning；(7) deionization washing；(8) sided corona treatment；(9) electrolytic passivation；(10) wash；(11) dry.The aluminum alloy surface handling process that the present invention is provided is simple, passivation evenly, passivation layer consistency it is high, the anti-corrosion capability of aluminium alloy can be greatly improved, and surface can be with oil-stain-preventing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment, and in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has that density is small, specific strength is high, corrosion resistance and the low a series of advantage of good moldability, cost, in boat
The fields such as empty space flight, ship, building, bridge, electric power, automobile, nuclear industry and weapon industry suffer from being widely applied.
A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method has a lot, current comparative maturity, using more widely having Physical, chemistry
Method, physical-chemical process and synthesis.Existing frequently-used method is electrolytic passivation method, by electrochemical method in aluminum alloy surface shape
Into conversion film, although this method can improve the corrosion resisting property of aluminium alloy, aluminum alloy conversion film layer anti-wear performance is not obtained
To very big improvement；And this layer of oxide-film is vulnerable to the corrosion of strong acid and highly basic, at the same aluminium and aluminium alloy to be also easy to produce intergranular rotten
Erosion, case hardness is relatively low, not wear-resisting.Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of aluminium and Process on Aluminum Alloy Oxidation Film, hardness, abrasive resistance and
Decay resistance is always the problem of industry personnel's research.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to existing problem, there is provided a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
(1) wash：Aluminum alloy base material 30min is soaked using clear water, then and using ultrasonication 2-4min；
(2) ungrease treatment：Aluminum alloy base material is put into carries out ungrease treatment in degreaser, wherein degreaser by weight by with
Lower composition is made：Sodium carbonate 1.2, NaOH 2.5, Sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonat 0.6, pentaerythrite 4, sodium tartrate 0.2, Verbena officinalis
Alcohol extract 0.05, water 80；
(3) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 75-80 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material spray after ungrease treatment；
(4) pickling：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 3 is immersed in acid solution, soak time is 6-8min, acid solution used
It is made up of following component by weight percentage：Sulfuric acid 2.5, stearic acid 0.8, succinic acid 1.2, water 100；
(5) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 90 DEG C of clear water through the aluminum alloy base material after overpickling；
(6) alkali cleaning：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 5 is immersed in alkali lye, the immersion treatment 25-28s at 40 DEG C, institute
Alkali lye is stated to be made up of following component by weight percentage：NaOH 3.5, sodium pyrophosphate 1.2, dimethyl silicone polymer 0.5,
Lauryl sodium sulfate 1.1, water 100；
(7) deionization washing：Washed deionization is carried out by the aluminum alloy base material after alkali cleaning 1 time；
(8) sided corona treatment：The aluminum alloy base material washed by deionization is placed on relative air humidity for 20-22%, temperature are
180-188 DEG C, field intensity for 260-390kv/m corona field in process 40min；
(9) electrolytic passivation：To be put in electrolyte by the aluminum alloy base material of sided corona treatment, current density is 1.2-1.4A/
dm2, 38-40 DEG C of temperature, the time is 18-22min；
(10) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 98 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material after electrolytic passivation；
(11) dry：Aluminum alloy base material after oxidation is suspended on 300-320 DEG C is heated in heating furnace, be incubated 15min.
Further：The power of the ultrasonication is 500W.
Further：The pinanol extract preparation method is：After Verbena officinalis is cleaned up, being put into mass concentration is
30min is soaked in 0.2% hydrochloric acid solution, is then washed using clear water, 120 mesh are crushed to, then using 78% percent by volume
Concentration ethanol solvent, by solid-liquid ratio 1:21, the refluxing extraction 3.5h at 51 DEG C, are centrifuged to obtain supernatant, then dense by rotary evaporation
Contracting, then freeze-drying is obtained.
Further：Described electrolyte is made up of following component by weight percentage：Sodium gluconate 1.2, phosphoric acid
3.6th, potassium fluoride 0.2, boric acid 1.3, nickel sulfate 0.8, water 100.
The present invention has advantages below compared to existing technology：The aluminum alloy surface handling process that the present invention is provided is simple, blunt
Change evenly, passivation layer consistency it is high, can greatly improve the anti-corrosion capability of aluminium alloy, and surface can be with oil-stain-preventing, together
When process is simple, energy consumption is low, and the inorganic agent utilization rate used in processing method of the present invention is high, pollution-free, aluminium alloy of the invention
Surface treatment method can obtain the good oxidized aluminum alloy film layer of uniformity, fine and close and hardness is high, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, and
Aluminum alloy surface can be dramatically increased further to be had with the adhesion of coating and paint for the protection of Al alloy parts is provided
Effect safeguard measure, aluminum alloy surface decoration performance is greatly improved, before electrolytic passivation, by sided corona treatment, and being capable of shape
Into the wear-resisting microstructure of aluminum alloy surface, the anti-scratch ability of aluminum alloy surface and salt spray corrosion resistance is enabled to be shown
Enhancing is write, the Al alloy parts after processing can be suitably used for the product under adverse circumstances.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
(1) wash：Aluminum alloy base material 30min is soaked using clear water, then and using ultrasonication 2min；
(2) ungrease treatment：Aluminum alloy base material is put into carries out ungrease treatment in degreaser, wherein degreaser by weight by with
Lower composition is made：Sodium carbonate 1.2, NaOH 2.5, Sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonat 0.6, pentaerythrite 4, sodium tartrate 0.2, Verbena officinalis
Alcohol extract 0.05, water 80；
(3) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 75 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material spray after ungrease treatment；
(4) pickling：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 3 is immersed in acid solution, soak time is 6min, acid solution used is pressed
Percentage by weight meter is made up of following component：Sulfuric acid 2.5, stearic acid 0.8, succinic acid 1.2, water 100；
(5) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 90 DEG C of clear water through the aluminum alloy base material after overpickling；
(6) alkali cleaning：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 5 is immersed in alkali lye, immersion treatment 25s, described at 40 DEG C
Alkali lye is made up of following component by weight percentage：NaOH 3.5, sodium pyrophosphate 1.2, dimethyl silicone polymer 0.5, ten
Sodium dialkyl sulfate 1.1, water 100；
(7) deionization washing：Washed deionization is carried out by the aluminum alloy base material after alkali cleaning 1 time；
(8) sided corona treatment：The aluminum alloy base material washed by deionization is placed on relative air humidity for 20%, temperature is 180
DEG C, field intensity for 260kv/m corona field in process 40min；
(9) electrolytic passivation：To be put in electrolyte by the aluminum alloy base material of sided corona treatment, current density is 1.2A/dm2, temperature
38 DEG C of degree, the time is 18min；
(10) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 98 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material after electrolytic passivation；
(11) dry：Aluminum alloy base material after oxidation is suspended in heating furnace and is heated to 300 DEG C, be incubated 15min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
(1) wash：Aluminum alloy base material 30min is soaked using clear water, then and using ultrasonication 4min；
(2) ungrease treatment：Aluminum alloy base material is put into carries out ungrease treatment in degreaser, wherein degreaser by weight by with
Lower composition is made：Sodium carbonate 1.2, NaOH 2.5, Sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonat 0.6, pentaerythrite 4, sodium tartrate 0.2, Verbena officinalis
Alcohol extract 0.05, water 80；
(3) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 80 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material spray after ungrease treatment；
(4) pickling：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 3 is immersed in acid solution, soak time is 6-8min, acid solution used
It is made up of following component by weight percentage：Sulfuric acid 2.5, stearic acid 0.8, succinic acid 1.2, water 100；
(5) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 90 DEG C of clear water through the aluminum alloy base material after overpickling；
(6) alkali cleaning：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 5 is immersed in alkali lye, immersion treatment 28s, described at 40 DEG C
Alkali lye is made up of following component by weight percentage：NaOH 3.5, sodium pyrophosphate 1.2, dimethyl silicone polymer 0.5, ten
Sodium dialkyl sulfate 1.1, water 100；
(7) deionization washing：Washed deionization is carried out by the aluminum alloy base material after alkali cleaning 1 time；
(8) sided corona treatment：The aluminum alloy base material washed by deionization is placed on relative air humidity for 22%, temperature is 188
DEG C, field intensity for 390kv/m corona field in process 40min；
(9) electrolytic passivation：To be put in electrolyte by the aluminum alloy base material of sided corona treatment, current density is 1.4A/dm2, temperature
40 DEG C of degree, the time is 22min；
(10) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 98 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material after electrolytic passivation；
(11) dry：Aluminum alloy base material after oxidation is suspended in heating furnace and is heated to 320 DEG C, be incubated 15min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
(1) wash：Aluminum alloy base material 30min is soaked using clear water, then and using ultrasonication 3min；
(2) ungrease treatment：Aluminum alloy base material is put into carries out ungrease treatment in degreaser, wherein degreaser by weight by with
Lower composition is made：Sodium carbonate 1.2, NaOH 2.5, Sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonat 0.6, pentaerythrite 4, sodium tartrate 0.2, Verbena officinalis
Alcohol extract 0.05, water 80；
(3) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 78 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material spray after ungrease treatment；
(4) pickling：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 3 is immersed in acid solution, soak time is 7min, acid solution used is pressed
Percentage by weight meter is made up of following component：Sulfuric acid 2.5, stearic acid 0.8, succinic acid 1.2, water 100；
(5) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 90 DEG C of clear water through the aluminum alloy base material after overpickling；
(6) alkali cleaning：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 5 is immersed in alkali lye, immersion treatment 26s, described at 40 DEG C
Alkali lye is made up of following component by weight percentage：NaOH 3.5, sodium pyrophosphate 1.2, dimethyl silicone polymer 0.5, ten
Sodium dialkyl sulfate 1.1, water 100；
(7) deionization washing：Washed deionization is carried out by the aluminum alloy base material after alkali cleaning 1 time；
(8) sided corona treatment：The aluminum alloy base material washed by deionization is placed on relative air humidity for 21%, temperature is 185
DEG C, field intensity for 280kv/m corona field in process 40min；
(9) electrolytic passivation：To be put in electrolyte by the aluminum alloy base material of sided corona treatment, current density is 1.3A/dm2, temperature
39 DEG C of degree, the time is 20min；
(10) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 98 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material after electrolytic passivation；
(11) dry：Aluminum alloy base material after oxidation is suspended in heating furnace and is heated to 310 DEG C, be incubated 15min.
In above example：
The power of the ultrasonication is 500W.
The pinanol extract preparation method is：After Verbena officinalis is cleaned up, the salt that mass concentration is 0.2% is put into
30min is soaked in acid solution, is then washed using clear water, 120 mesh are crushed to, then using 78% concentration of volume percent ethanol
Solvent, by solid-liquid ratio 1:21, the refluxing extraction 3.5h at 51 DEG C, are centrifuged to obtain supernatant, then are concentrated by rotary evaporation, then
Freeze-drying is obtained.
Described electrolyte is made up of following component by weight percentage：Sodium gluconate 1.2, phosphoric acid 3.6, potassium fluoride
0.2nd, boric acid 1.3, nickel sulfate 0.8, water 100.
Comparative example 1：Differed only in without sided corona treatment with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2：Differed only in degreaser without pinanol extract with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3：Differed only in embodiment 1 after corona field treatment is put into electrolytic passivation step.
Al-alloy parts and untreated Al-alloy parts after the treatment of Example 1,2 and 3 carry out neutral salt spray（GB
6458-86）And brine soaking experiment（5% sodium chloride）, as a result show untreated Al-alloy parts surface in corrosive atmosphere
Seriously corroded, produces substantial amounts of corrosion impurity, and treated Al-alloy parts are in the salt fog and brine soaking experiment of 18 days
There is surface corrosion, comparative example without change, the Al-alloy parts of the treatment of comparative example 1 in the salt fog and brine soaking experiment of 10 days in surface
There is surface corrosion, Al-alloy parts surface film oxide tool in the salt fog and brine soaking experiment of 11 days in the Al-alloy parts of 3 treatment
There are good adhesive ability and resistance to corrosion.
After tested, by the Al-alloy parts case hardness of the treatment of comparative example 2 compared to the aluminium alloy that the inventive method is processed
Part reduces 4% or so, and the Al-alloy parts surface impacts toughness of the inventive method treatment improves 5-8%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) wash：Aluminum alloy base material 30min is soaked using clear water, then and using ultrasonication 2-4min；
(2) ungrease treatment：Aluminum alloy base material is put into carries out ungrease treatment in degreaser, wherein degreaser by weight by with
Lower composition is made：Sodium carbonate 1.2, NaOH 2.5, Sodium p-aminobenzene sulfonat 0.6, pentaerythrite 4, sodium tartrate 0.2, Verbena officinalis
Alcohol extract 0.05, water 80；
(3) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 75-80 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material spray after ungrease treatment；
(4) pickling：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 3 is immersed in acid solution, soak time is 6-8min, acid solution used
It is made up of following component by weight percentage：Sulfuric acid 2.5, stearic acid 0.8, succinic acid 1.2, water 100；
(5) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 90 DEG C of clear water through the aluminum alloy base material after overpickling；
(6) alkali cleaning：The aluminum alloy base material processed by step 5 is immersed in alkali lye, the immersion treatment 25-28s at 40 DEG C, institute
Alkali lye is stated to be made up of following component by weight percentage：NaOH 3.5, sodium pyrophosphate 1.2, dimethyl silicone polymer 0.5,
Lauryl sodium sulfate 1.1, water 100；
(7) deionization washing：Washed deionization is carried out by the aluminum alloy base material after alkali cleaning 1 time；
(8) sided corona treatment：The aluminum alloy base material washed by deionization is placed on relative air humidity for 20-22%, temperature are
180-188 DEG C, field intensity for 260-390kv/m corona field in process 40min；
(9) electrolytic passivation：To be put in electrolyte by the aluminum alloy base material of sided corona treatment, current density is 1.2-1.4A/dm2,
38-40 DEG C of temperature, the time is 18-22min；
(10) wash：To be cleaned 2 times using 98 DEG C of clear water by the aluminum alloy base material after electrolytic passivation；
(11) dry：Aluminum alloy base material after oxidation is suspended on 300-320 DEG C is heated in heating furnace, be incubated 15min.
2. a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The work(of the ultrasonication
Rate is 500W.
3. a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pinanol extract system
Preparation Method is：After Verbena officinalis is cleaned up, it is put into the hydrochloric acid solution that mass concentration is 0.2% and soaks 30min, then uses
Clear water is washed, and 120 mesh is crushed to, then using 78% concentration of volume percent alcohol solvent, by solid-liquid ratio 1:21, at 51 DEG C
Refluxing extraction 3.5h, is centrifuged to obtain supernatant, then is concentrated by rotary evaporation, and then freeze-drying is obtained.
4. a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described electrolyte is by weight
Percentages are made up of following component：Sodium gluconate 1.2, phosphoric acid 3.6, potassium fluoride 0.2, boric acid 1.3, nickel sulfate 0.8, water
100。
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107201525A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-26 | 海宁永欣科技咨询有限公司 | A kind of handling process of surface of aluminum plate |
| CN108048891A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-18 | 重庆嘉萌鸿业科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy castings surface treatment method |
| CN108677199A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 苏州捷德瑞精密机械有限公司 | Low bubble antibacterial metal cleaning agent of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN109860461A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-07 | 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 | The preparation method of battery case, battery and battery case |
| CN111448343A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-07-24 | 海德鲁铝业钢材有限公司 | Corrosion method for profiles, rolled strips and plates made of aluminium alloy |
| CN111702058A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-09-25 | 天津英利模具制造有限公司 | New energy automobile lightweight aluminum alloy stamping process |
| CN112708892A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-27 | 深圳市山水乐环保科技有限公司 | Oil removing method for metal piece |
| CN114182319A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 东莞市润纳实业有限公司 | Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107201525A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-26 | 海宁永欣科技咨询有限公司 | A kind of handling process of surface of aluminum plate |
| CN107201525B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-02-01 | 重庆哈韦斯特铝业有限公司 | A kind for the treatment of process of surface of aluminum plate |
| CN108048891A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-18 | 重庆嘉萌鸿业科技有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy castings surface treatment method |
| CN111448343A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-07-24 | 海德鲁铝业钢材有限公司 | Corrosion method for profiles, rolled strips and plates made of aluminium alloy |
| CN108677199A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-19 | 苏州捷德瑞精密机械有限公司 | Low bubble antibacterial metal cleaning agent of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN109860461A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-07 | 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 | The preparation method of battery case, battery and battery case |
| CN111702058A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-09-25 | 天津英利模具制造有限公司 | New energy automobile lightweight aluminum alloy stamping process |
| CN112708892A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-27 | 深圳市山水乐环保科技有限公司 | Oil removing method for metal piece |
| CN114182319A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 东莞市润纳实业有限公司 | Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy |
| CN114182319B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-11-07 | 东莞市润纳实业有限公司 | Surface treatment method for aluminum alloy |
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