CN106835099A - A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN106835099A CN106835099A CN201611214338.2A CN201611214338A CN106835099A CN 106835099 A CN106835099 A CN 106835099A CN 201611214338 A CN201611214338 A CN 201611214338A CN 106835099 A CN106835099 A CN 106835099A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/42—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
- C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
- C25F1/02—Pickling; Descaling
- C25F1/04—Pickling; Descaling in solution
- C25F1/06—Iron or steel
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to stainless steel technical field, and in particular to a kind of method of raising stainless steel surfaces quality, including：（1）Sodium citrate solution soaks（2）Nitrogen treatment（3）Cooled down after nitrogen treatment（4）Radiation treatment（5）Enhancing radiation treatment.There is hardness and good wearability higher by the stainless steel surfaces after the Combined Processing of each step in the present invention, outermost layer generates the fine and close passivating film of a thick layer, especially be, stainless steel surfaces depth is greatly enhanced up to the microhardness in 120 μm of surface layers, skin-friction coefficient reduction, surface abrasion resistance can be significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel technical field, and in particular to a kind of method of raising stainless steel surfaces quality.
Background technology
Stainless steel has good hardness, wearability, good corrosion resistance, the characteristic such as excellent outward appearance and long lifespan,
It is widely used in the industries such as building, auto industry, shipbuilding industry, marine device, plant equipment and chemical device, but some are special
Occasion, the hardness of common stainless steel, wearability can not meet demand, it is therefore desirable to which stainless steel surfaces are carried out further
Treatment, so as to improve its surface quality.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to existing problem, there is provided a kind of method of raising stainless steel surfaces quality.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality, including it is following
Step：
（1）Stainless steel is put into the sodium citrate solution that mass concentration is 1.8% 25min is soaked at 58 DEG C, then filtered,
Then stainless steel work-piece is put into 75 DEG C of water, using graphite as the negative electrode and anode of electrode, carry out the water for adding
Electrolysis, the temperature of period water is kept for 75 DEG C, after electrolysis 10min, takes out stainless steel work-piece；
（2）It is put into nitriding furnace, furnace temperature is warming up to temperature for 350 DEG C -460 DEG C, be continually fed into nitrogen, carries out first paragraph nitridation
Treatment, furnace pressure is adjusted to 130-160MPa, is incubated 110-130min, then furnace temperature is warming up into 640 DEG C -660 DEG C, carries out the
Two sections of nitrogen treatment, stopping is passed through nitrogen, is passed through by dried hydrogen, after 12min, is passed through ammonia, adjusts ammonia and hydrogen
Gas ratio is to 1.28:1.37, furnace pressure is adjusted to 180-220MPa, is incubated 6-9 hours；
（3）After the completion of nitriding, hydrogen is closed, continue to be passed through ammonia, when temperature drops to 220-260 DEG C, stopping is passed through ammonia, with
Stove is cooled to room temperature；
（4）Ion energy is used to be constituted for the ion beam mixing that 280keV, beam current density are 160A/cm2, pulse width is 72ns
Intense pulsed ion beam the stainless steel materials of above-mentioned treatment are carried out with surface irradiation treatment, umber of exposures is 6 times, the first subradius
It is 20s according to the time, it is follow-up to irradiate the 3s that successively decreases successively every time；
（5）Stainless steel materials after above-mentioned treatment are put into temperature for 220-230 DEG C, relative air humidity are the environment of 55-60%
It is lower to place 1.5 hours, after naturally cooling to room temperature, soaked at 55-65 DEG C in the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water
22min, while using ultrasonication 3-5min, then filtering, the washing of surface clear water, drying, you can.
Further, the speed that is passed through of the nitrogen is 3m3/h.
Further, the speed that is passed through of the ammonia is 6m3/h.
Further, the mass ratio of the phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water is 3:5:100.
Further, the ultrasonic power is 750W.
Further, described ion beam mixing is made up of following component by mass percentage：60%H+、40%C+.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：Obtained greatly by the stainless steel surfaces quality after each step collaboration treatment in the present invention
Improve, stainless steel surfaces possess hardness and good wearability higher, outermost layer generates one layer of passivating film of densification, Ke Yiyou
Effect improves the corrosion resistance of stainless steel surfaces, shows by corrosion resistance test, through the stainless steel surfaces phase that the inventive method is processed
There is obvious further raising compared with the stainless steel surfaces corrosion resistance without any treatment, case hardness and surface abrasion resistance are obtained
To greatly raising, also, the fatigue performance of stainless steel tool can also be improved, after Nitrizing Treatment, carry out table
Face radiation treatment, enables to stainless steel surfaces more smooth, and superficial layer crystal grain refinement, superficial layer impurity content greatly drops
Low, electrochemical corrosion, acid and alkali corrosion performance is significantly improved, and especially, stainless steel surfaces depth is up to aobvious in 120 μm of surface layers
Microhardness is greatly enhanced, skin-friction coefficient reduction, and surface abrasion resistance can be significantly improved, at the inventive method collaboration
Stainless steel after reason can dispose the defects such as the spot of base material, crack.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality, comprises the following steps：
（1）Stainless steel is put into the sodium citrate solution that mass concentration is 1.8% 25min is soaked at 58 DEG C, then filtered,
Then stainless steel work-piece is put into 75 DEG C of water, using graphite as the negative electrode and anode of electrode, carry out the water for adding
Electrolysis, the temperature of period water is kept for 75 DEG C, after electrolysis 10min, takes out stainless steel work-piece；
（2）It is put into nitriding furnace, furnace temperature is warming up to temperature for 350 DEG C, be continually fed into nitrogen, carries out first paragraph nitrogen treatment,
Furnace pressure is adjusted to 130MPa, is incubated 110min, then furnace temperature is warming up into 640 DEG C, carries out second segment nitrogen treatment, is stopped logical
Enter nitrogen, be passed through by dried hydrogen, after 12min, be passed through ammonia, adjust ammonia and hydrogen ratio to 1.28:1.37, stove
Interior pressure is adjusted to 180MPa, is incubated 6 hours；
（3）After the completion of nitriding, hydrogen is closed, continue to be passed through ammonia, when temperature drops to 220 DEG C, stopping is passed through ammonia, cold with stove
But to room temperature；
（4）Ion energy is used to be constituted for the ion beam mixing that 280keV, beam current density are 160A/cm2, pulse width is 72ns
Intense pulsed ion beam the stainless steel materials of above-mentioned treatment are carried out with surface irradiation treatment, umber of exposures is 6 times, the first subradius
It is 20s according to the time, it is follow-up to irradiate the 3s that successively decreases successively every time；
（5）By the stainless steel materials after above-mentioned treatment be put into temperature for 220 DEG C, relative air humidity be 55% in the environment of place
1.5 hours, after naturally cooling to room temperature, 22min is soaked at 55 DEG C in the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water, while adopting
Ultrasonication 3min is used, is then filtered, the washing of surface clear water, drying, you can.
The speed that is passed through of the nitrogen is 3m3/h.
The speed that is passed through of the ammonia is 6m3/h.
The mass ratio of the phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water is 3:5:100.
The ultrasonic power is 750W.
Described ion beam mixing is made up of following component by mass percentage：60%H+、40%C+.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality, comprises the following steps：
（1）Stainless steel is put into the sodium citrate solution that mass concentration is 1.8% 25min is soaked at 58 DEG C, then filtered,
Then stainless steel work-piece is put into 75 DEG C of water, using graphite as the negative electrode and anode of electrode, carry out the water for adding
Electrolysis, the temperature of period water is kept for 75 DEG C, after electrolysis 10min, takes out stainless steel work-piece；
（2）It is put into nitriding furnace, furnace temperature is warming up to temperature for 460 DEG C, be continually fed into nitrogen, carries out first paragraph nitrogen treatment,
Furnace pressure is adjusted to 160MPa, is incubated 130min, then furnace temperature is warming up into 660 DEG C, carries out second segment nitrogen treatment, is stopped logical
Enter nitrogen, be passed through by dried hydrogen, after 12min, be passed through ammonia, adjust ammonia and hydrogen ratio to 1.28:1.37, stove
Interior pressure is adjusted to 220MPa, is incubated 9 hours；
（3）After the completion of nitriding, hydrogen is closed, continue to be passed through ammonia, when temperature drops to 260 DEG C, stopping is passed through ammonia, cold with stove
But to room temperature；
（4）Ion energy is used to be constituted for the ion beam mixing that 280keV, beam current density are 160A/cm2, pulse width is 72ns
Intense pulsed ion beam the stainless steel materials of above-mentioned treatment are carried out with surface irradiation treatment, umber of exposures is 6 times, the first subradius
It is 20s according to the time, it is follow-up to irradiate the 3s that successively decreases successively every time；
（5）Stainless steel materials after above-mentioned treatment are put into temperature for 230 DEG C, relative air humidity to be put in the environment of 55-60%
Put 1.5 hours, after naturally cooling to room temperature, 22min is soaked at 65 DEG C in the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water, while
Using ultrasonication 3-5min, then filter, the washing of surface clear water, drying, you can.
The speed that is passed through of the nitrogen is 3m3/h.
The speed that is passed through of the ammonia is 6m3/h.
The mass ratio of the phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water is 3:5:100.
The ultrasonic power is 750W.
Described ion beam mixing is made up of following component by mass percentage：60%H+、40%C+.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality, comprises the following steps：
（1）Stainless steel is put into the sodium citrate solution that mass concentration is 1.8% 25min is soaked at 58 DEG C, then filtered,
Then stainless steel work-piece is put into 75 DEG C of water, using graphite as the negative electrode and anode of electrode, carry out the water for adding
Electrolysis, the temperature of period water is kept for 75 DEG C, after electrolysis 10min, takes out stainless steel work-piece；
（2）It is put into nitriding furnace, furnace temperature is warming up to temperature for 420 DEG C, be continually fed into nitrogen, carries out first paragraph nitrogen treatment,
Furnace pressure is adjusted to 150MPa, is incubated 120min, then furnace temperature is warming up into 650 DEG C, carries out second segment nitrogen treatment, is stopped logical
Enter nitrogen, be passed through by dried hydrogen, after 12min, be passed through ammonia, adjust ammonia and hydrogen ratio to 1.28:1.37, stove
Interior pressure is adjusted to 200MPa, is incubated 8 hours；
（3）After the completion of nitriding, hydrogen is closed, continue to be passed through ammonia, when temperature drops to 240 DEG C, stopping is passed through ammonia, cold with stove
But to room temperature；
（4）Ion energy is used to be constituted for the ion beam mixing that 280keV, beam current density are 160A/cm2, pulse width is 72ns
Intense pulsed ion beam the stainless steel materials of above-mentioned treatment are carried out with surface irradiation treatment, umber of exposures is 6 times, the first subradius
It is 20s according to the time, it is follow-up to irradiate the 3s that successively decreases successively every time；
（5）By the stainless steel materials after above-mentioned treatment be put into temperature for 225 DEG C, relative air humidity be 58% in the environment of place
1.5 hours, after naturally cooling to room temperature, 22min is soaked at 60 DEG C in the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water, while adopting
Ultrasonication 4min is used, is then filtered, the washing of surface clear water, drying, you can.
The speed that is passed through of the nitrogen is 3m3/h.
The speed that is passed through of the ammonia is 6m3/h.
The mass ratio of the phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water is 3:5:100.
The ultrasonic power is 750W.
Described ion beam mixing is made up of following component by mass percentage：60%H+、40%C+.
Comparative example 1：It is only without step with the difference of embodiment 1（1）Treatment.
Comparative example 2：It is only step with the difference of embodiment 1（2）In only by first paragraph nitrogen treatment.
Comparative example 3：It is only step with the difference of embodiment 1（2）In only by second segment nitrogen treatment.
Comparative example 4：It is only without step with the difference of embodiment 1（4）Treatment.
Comparative example 5：It is only without step with the difference of embodiment 1（5）Treatment.
Hardness is carried out to 11Cr17 stainless steels using embodiment, comparative example（HV0.1）Detection：
Table 1
| Case hardness | 30 μm of hardness | 120 μm of hardness | Centre hardness | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1200 | 1130 | 970 | 470 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1198 | 1128 | 968 | 468 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1196 | 1130 | 969 | 469 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1170 | 1120 | 960 | 460 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1110 | 1060 | 890 | 400 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1090 | 1040 | 870 | 380 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1000 | 1050 | 880 | 390 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1150 | 1110 | 940 | 430 |
| Control group（It is untreated） | 950 | 820 | 420 | 320 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the stainless steel watch surface hardness for being processed by the inventive method is greatly improved.
Stainless steel to embodiment treatment carries out neutrality（5% sodium chloride）Salt spray test（GB/T 6458）：180h.
Using embodiment, comparative example to 316L stainless steels（15mm×15mm×2mm）Processed, carried out wear test
（Frictional wear experiment is completed on UMT-2 type multifunctional test systems, a diameter of 5mm of WC balls, and it is 300mN to load, and speed is
2mm/s, fraction time is 20min）：
Since after the 10min that rubs, coefficient of friction is just always held at 0.8 or so to original 316L stainless steels, and by embodiment
1st, remained near 0.088 in the 316L stainless steel whole experiment process of 2,3 treatment；The 316L of the treatment of comparative example 3 is stainless
Coefficient of friction is 0.1 after steel friction 10min, and is always maintained to experiment terminating；The 316L stainless steels friction of the treatment of comparative example 4
Coefficient of friction is 0.3 after 10min, and serious scratch, tear phenomenon occurs in sequent surface；The 316L stainless steels of the treatment of comparative example 5
Coefficient of friction is 0.2 after friction 10min, and is always maintained to experiment terminating；Thus, it can be seen that the 316L of the inventive method treatment is not
Rust steel surface wearability is greatly strengthened.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of improve stainless steel surfaces quality method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Stainless steel is put into the sodium citrate solution that mass concentration is 1.8% 25min is soaked at 58 DEG C, then filtered,
Then stainless steel work-piece is put into 75 DEG C of water, using graphite as the negative electrode and anode of electrode, carry out the water for adding
Electrolysis, the temperature of period water is kept for 75 DEG C, after electrolysis 10min, takes out stainless steel work-piece；
（2）It is put into nitriding furnace, furnace temperature is warming up to temperature for 350 DEG C -460 DEG C, be continually fed into nitrogen, carries out first paragraph nitridation
Treatment, furnace pressure is adjusted to 130-160MPa, is incubated 110-130min, then furnace temperature is warming up into 640 DEG C -660 DEG C, carries out the
Two sections of nitrogen treatment, stopping is passed through nitrogen, is passed through by dried hydrogen, after 12min, is passed through ammonia, adjusts ammonia and hydrogen
Gas ratio is to 1.28:1.37, furnace pressure is adjusted to 180-220MPa, is incubated 6-9 hours；
（3）After the completion of nitriding, hydrogen is closed, continue to be passed through ammonia, when temperature drops to 220-260 DEG C, stopping is passed through ammonia, with
Stove is cooled to room temperature；
（4）Ion energy is used to be constituted for the ion beam mixing that 280keV, beam current density are 160A/cm2, pulse width is 72ns
Intense pulsed ion beam the stainless steel materials of above-mentioned treatment are carried out with surface irradiation treatment, umber of exposures is 6 times, the first subradius
It is 20s according to the time, it is follow-up to irradiate the 3s that successively decreases successively every time；
（5）Stainless steel materials after above-mentioned treatment are put into temperature for 220-230 DEG C, relative air humidity are the environment of 55-60%
It is lower to place 1.5 hours, after naturally cooling to room temperature, soaked at 55-65 DEG C in the mixed liquor of phosphoric acid, sodium molybdate and water
22min, while using ultrasonication 3-5min, then filtering, the washing of surface clear water, drying, you can.
2. a kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the nitrogen it is logical
Enter speed for 3m3/h.
3. a kind of method for improving stainless steel surfaces quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ammonia it is logical
Enter speed for 6m3/h.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of improve stainless steel surfaces quality method, it is characterised in that the phosphoric acid, molybdenum
The mass ratio of sour sodium and water is 3:5:100.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of improve stainless steel surfaces quality method, it is characterised in that the ultrasonic wave work(
Rate is 750W.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of improve stainless steel surfaces quality method, it is characterised in that described mixing from
Beamlet is made up of following component by mass percentage：60%H+、40%C+。
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| CN107419255A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-01 | 泾县信达工贸有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric hot plate processing method |
| CN107794522A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-13 | 马鞍山市宝奕金属制品工贸有限公司 | A kind of aluminium sheet passivation technology |
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| CN107419255A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-01 | 泾县信达工贸有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric hot plate processing method |
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