CN106834794A - A kind of tellurium beallon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of tellurium beallon and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106834794A CN106834794A CN201710136978.4A CN201710136978A CN106834794A CN 106834794 A CN106834794 A CN 106834794A CN 201710136978 A CN201710136978 A CN 201710136978A CN 106834794 A CN106834794 A CN 106834794A
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- tellurium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/003—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals by induction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tellurium beallon, composition includes Be 0.1~0.7wt.% of 0.2~2.1wt.%, Te, and the Co of other summation≤4%wt, Ni, Ti, rare earth element and impurity element, and remaining is Cu；Preparation method be a. according to percentage by weight carry out dispensing, feed intake, melting and casting obtain ingot blank；B. the ingot blank that step a is obtained is passed sequentially through into homogenization heat treatment, heat processing technique, cold machining process and annealing, solid solution, aging strengthening model, tellurium beallon is obtained.The present invention can form Cu by adding tellurium, tellurium in beallon with Copper substrate2Te, its high-temperature stability is good, has both remained beryllium copper outstanding physical mechanics and decay resistance, and the cutting ability of material is significantly improved on the premise of environmental protection, can also carry out plasticity energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of alloy, especially a kind of Cutting free tellurium beallon and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Beryllium copper is the copper-based alloy material with beryllium as basic alloy element, belongs to the acid bronze alloy of Precipitation reinforcing.Material
After material is through solid solution and aging strengthening model, with intensity high, the consistency and elasticity limit, elastic hysteresis is small, good stability, and has
Do not produce spark etc. a series of excellent when having endurance, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting, low temperature resistant, nonmagnetic, electric-conductivity heat-conductivity high, impact
Combination property, be described as " king of coloured elastomeric material ", be widely used in electronics, electrically, communication, instrument, instrument, electricity
The fields such as news, light industry, machinery, chemical industry, coal.Beryllium copper material is divided into two major classes, and the first kind is the height of amount containing beryllium 1.6~2.1%
Strong beallon, such as U.S. ASTM trades mark C17200, C17300, Equations of The Second Kind is the high connductivity beryllium copper that amount containing beryllium is 0.2~0.7%
Alloy, such as U.S. ASTM trades mark C17500, C17510.
With the trend that electronic component is minimized, to being that raw material carries out turnery processing with beallon rod, line, tube material
Electronic component size requirement small miniaturization, dimension precision requirement to micron order, be control dimensional accuracy, it is desirable to beryllium copper conjunction
The Cutting Force during turnery processing of gold proposes claimed below：
1st, the Cutting Force of material must be reduced to the deformation for being not enough to cause small micro-dimension part.
2nd, the easy turning ability of material disclosure satisfy that the requirement of High-Speed Automatic lathe turning speed, improve turning efficiency.
Intrinsic a series of excellent combination properties of beryllium copper are must assure that and improved while based on 2 more than meeting.
Be improve beallon turning ability, conventional method is that lead is added in beallon, but exist with
Lower drawback：
(1) copper alloy containing lead can cause environmental pollution during production and use, impurity in drinking water and organic
Lead in the presence of acid etc. in copper alloy containing lead can be separated out slowly, is detrimental to health, and is in which has limited leaded beallon
Use in the spare and accessory parts such as electricity, toy for children, electronic component, automobile, the exemption rule of content of the European Union to lead in copper alloy
It is fixed to phase out, but a kind of beallon of lead-free outstanding turning ability is there is no at present to be closed substituting leaded beryllium copper
The market demand of gold, the present invention solves this problem.x
(2) lead is neither solid-solution in copper, does not also form intermetallic compound with copper, and the fusing point of lead is low (327 DEG C), leaded beryllium
Copper alloy easily easily causes beallon cracking in hot procedure, therefore leaded beallon hot-working character is poor；
In recent years, it is promising to improve copper alloy machinability and add the document report of bismuth, but practice is subject to
Limitation, reason is that plasticity influence of the addition of bismuth on copper alloy is larger, and alloy cracking is easily caused in plastic processing, from
And machine-shaping is unable to, the addition of bismuth causes fatigue stress craze and corrosion cracking in materials'use, therefore bismuth element is always
It is to carry out strict content control in smelting and processing as a kind of impurity element to copper alloy performance serious harm.
In sum, it is to need one of major issue of solution at present to work out a kind of beallon for being easy to cutting.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The invention aims to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of Cutting free tellurium beryllium copper is closed
Gold and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme：In order to realize the above object a kind of tellurium beallon of present invention offer, including beryllium Be 0.2~
2.1wt.%, tellurium 0.1~0.7wt.% of Te, other elements：Cobalt Co, nickel, phosphorus P, rare earth element and impurity element, summation≤
4wt.%, remaining is Cu.
The preparation method of the tellurium beallon is：
A. according to percentage by weight carry out dispensing, feed intake, melting and casting obtain ingot blank；
Feeding sequence is followed successively by fusion process:Tough cathode, copper-nickel intermediate alloy and (or) copper-cobalt intermediate alloy and
(or) rare earth intermediate alloy, Bealloy, pure tellurium or copper tellurium intermediate alloy, the temperature of melting is 1100~1300 DEG C, extremely
After solution dissolves, be incubated 10-30min, by after degasification, removal of impurities operation, stand 5-20min, after carry out antivacuum or vacuum and pour
Casting or semicontinuous or continuously casting；
B. the ingot blank for step a being obtained is carried out successively：To realize that the diffusion annealing of homogenization of composition purpose, plasticity heat add
Work, plasticity cold working and annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process, processing are obtained rod, line, the tube material of tellurium beallon；
C. or, the ingot blank that step a is obtained is carried out successively：For realize homogenization of composition purpose diffusion annealing, directly
Carry out cold working and annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process processing are obtained rod, line, the tube material of tellurium beallon.
Melting described in step a is using vacuum or antivacuum electric induction furnace melting.
Plasticity heat processing technique described in step b is extruding, rolls, forges processing technology.
Cold machining process described in step b is rolling, drawing, processing technology of swaging.
Step c is specially the ingot blank for obtaining step a and directly carries out including rolling after homogenization of composition diffusion annealing is carried out
System, drawing, the cold working of processing technology of swaging, add annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process in work flow.
Melting described in step a, under the conditions of vacuum melting, can disposably feed intake or feed intake at twice.
Described feeding intake at twice specially adds conjunction in the middle of tough cathode, copper-nickel intermediate alloy and (or) copper-cobalt for the first time
Gold and (or) rare earth intermediate alloy etc., second plus Bealloy and pure tellurium.
The effect of institute's addition element：
Tellurium：Cu can be formed with Copper substrate2Te；
(1) this kind of second-phase dispersion is distributed in intergranular or transgranular, and this second compares soft, and Dispersed precipitate is in Copper substrate
In so that chip is easily broken, and material cutting ability is improved so as to reach；
(2)Cu2The high-temperature stability of Te is good, and fusing point is (1140 DEG C) high so that Cutting free tellurium beallon can carry out as
The hot-working such as hot extrusion, hot rolling, hot forging.
Tellurium (Te) improves the other example supplementary notes of turning ability：
A kind of alloy material of tellurium copper, tellurium (Te) and fine copper, the U.S.ASTM standard trade mark is C14500, tellurium copper[1]
(C14500) alloy has fabulous free cutting property and excellent conduction, heat conductivility, and corrosion resistance；It is that high-copper is closed
The best Cu alloy material of cutting ability in gold；And cold and hot working better performances, can forge, cast, pressing drawing, punching mould
Pressure, upsetting are forged.
The effect of other elements also can further remark additionally：The effect Co of other elements, Ni, Ti, rare earth element contain
Amount and effect are conventional beallon addition scopes, are to keep because adding turning ability, the anti-height that tellurium element is improved
The physics of other key propertys outside warm softening performance, plasticity hot-working character, mechanical performance and addition.Specifically
Co, Ni, Ti effect is crystal grain thinning, hinder heating process in crystal grain grow up, delay Solid solution decomposition, suppress crystal boundary reaction,
Reduce hard crisp γ1Phase, raising age-hardening effect.The effect of the rare earth element based on lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium is many, to carrying
High antioxidant, raising conductance, crystal grain thinning and raising mechanical performance index are beneficial.Above each element is accumulative and lead, sulphur,
Weight summation≤the 4wt.% of the impurity elements such as bismuth, silicon,
Beneficial effect：
A kind of tellurium beallon that the present invention is provided and preparation method thereof, possesses advantages below：
1st, it is easy to cutting：The addition of tellurium can form Cu with Copper substrate2Te, this second compare it is soft, and Dispersed precipitate in
In Copper substrate so that chip is easily broken, material cutting ability is improved so as to reach；With the easy turning brass HPb62-3 (U.S.
C36000 turning index) is 100, and the easy turning grade of tellurium beryllium copper can reach 65-85, and the turning grade of common beryllium copper is
12-25。
Easy turning level detection method is foundation《Free-cutting copper alloy rod》Appendix A (the informational of GB-T 26306-2010
Annex turning detection method), it is as follows.
2nd, plasticity hot-working good stability：Tellurium forms Cu with copper2Te, high-temperature stability it is good, fusing point is (1140 DEG C) high, makes
Obtaining Cutting free tellurium beallon can carry out such as hot extrusion, hot rolling, hot forging hot-working；
Leaded beallon easily easily causes beallon cracking, therefore leaded beallon heat in hot procedure
Processing characteristics is poor；
3rd, hot mastication temperature spot is improved, tellurium beryllium alloy of the invention is than traditional beryllium beallon (beryllium content high
Hot mastication temperature spot 1.7%-2.1%) improves 75 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, than traditional low beryllium alloy (beryllium content 0.2%-0.6%)
Hot mastication temperature spot improve 90 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, expand beryllium copper material utilization condition range.
4th, the addition of tellurium can improve the anti-galvanic corrosion ability of beallon.
5th, environmental pressure is small：Avoid harm of the lead element to environment in existing leaded beryllium copper.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Extrusion prepares tellurium beryllium copper tubing
(1) dispensing is carried out according to the percentage by weight of table 1, feeding sequence is followed successively by tough cathode CATH-1, Bealloy
(nickeliferous 10%), copper cobalt intermediate alloy (containing cobalt 10%), are had using 750Kg power frequencies for (containing beryllium 4%), pure tellurium, cupro-nickel intermediate alloy
The antivacuum electric induction furnace of core stove carries out melting, and smelting temperature is 1170 DEG C, after being dissolved to solution, is incubated 15min, is passed through argon gas and removes
Impurity and gas, by after degasification removal of impurities, standing 15min, cast the billets of Φ 155 with fluid pressure type semicontinuous casting machine afterwards, cast
1100 DEG C of temperature, argon gas protection, 150~250mm/min of casting speed, cooling water pressure 0.3MPa, sawing scale Φ 155 × 330；
(2) hot extrusion is carried out to billet using 910 DEG C of temperature, extrusion ratio is 53:1, extruder is 2150T double acting horizontal crowded
Press, extruding external diameter Φ 71, the pipe of wall thickness 3.5；
(3) stretch process by multi-pass and solution heat treatment, obtain the wall thickness 2.75 of external diameter Φ 49 and manage, and state is
TD04, then by 480 DEG C/2h aging strengthening models, two-roll straightening machine is aligned, sawing scale obtains TH04 states, external diameter Φ 45,
Wall thickness 2.7, the tellurium beryllium copper pipe of length 2500.
Cutting ability data on prepared tellurium beryllium copper pipe (TH04) are shown in Table 3.
Cutting ability data on prepared C17510 pipes are shown in Table 3.
The tellurium beryllium copper pipe composition of table 1
| Be | Co | Ni | Te | Fe | Al | Si | Surplus |
| 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 0.35 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.08 | Cu |
The mechanical property of table 2 (TH04)
| Tensile strength | 720MPa |
| Vickers hardness | 235 |
| Conductance IACS | 58% |
Table 3 cuts index (with respect to HPb62-3)
| Tellurium beryllium copper pipe (TH04) | C17510 manages (contrast groups) |
| 68~79% | 27% |
Embodiment 2
Embodiment two：Continuous metal cast process prepares tellurium beryllium copper bar
(1) dispensing is carried out according to the percentage by weight of table 4, raw material is tough cathode CATH-1, Bealloy (containing beryllium
10%), (nickeliferous 10%), copper cobalt intermediate alloy (containing cobalt 10%), adopt for copper tellurium intermediate alloy (containing tellurium 10%), cupro-nickel intermediate alloy
Melting is carried out with vacuum induction furnace, is firstly added in the middle of tough cathode CATH-1, copper tellurium intermediate alloy (containing tellurium 10%), cupro-nickel and is closed
(nickeliferous 10%), copper cobalt intermediate alloy (containing cobalt 10%), add copper tellurium intermediate alloy (to contain to gold after fusing using vacuum feeding device
Tellurium 10%), Bealloy (contain beryllium 10%), be warming up to 1270 DEG C after fusing, high temperature slagging-off, then low-power is cooled to
1120 DEG C, 20min is incubated, above procedure keeps continuously vacuumizing, and vacuum is maintained at 8 × 10-3Pa, afterwards using non-vacuum horizontal
Continuously casting, obtains Φ 22 × coil blanks；
(2) by blank by machine for mfg. metal wire, hot rolling deformation is then warm by multi-pass solid solution to Φ 14 at a temperature of 790 DEG C
After treatment and stretch process treatment, Φ 7.2 × coil rods, aligning scale Φ 7.2 × 2500 are obtained；
(3) it is last, Φ 7 ± 0.01 × 2500, state TD04 are machined to by coreless grinding machine, or further carry out 315 DEG C/
2h aging strengthening models obtain TH04 states.
This product may be used primarily for the raw material of the inner wire original paper of turnery processing radio frequency (RF) coaxial connector, can meet its micro-
In the process of small size dimensional accuracy is ensured (because reduce Cutting Force, it is to avoid part deformation), and processing efficiency
Requirement.Cutting ability data on prepared tellurium beryllium copper pipe (TH04) are shown in Table 6.
Cutting ability data on prepared C17200 rods are shown in Table 6.
The tellurium beryllium copper pipe composition of table 4 and contrast groups C17200 compositions
The mechanical property of table 5
| State | TD04 | TH04 |
| Tensile strength | 780MPa | 1275 |
| Yield strength | 730MPa | 1140 |
| Vickers hardness | 245 | 415 |
The cutting ability of table 6 (with respect to HPb59-1)
Above-mentioned implementation method technology design and feature only to illustrate the invention, the technical field is familiar with the purpose is to allow
Technical staff will appreciate that present disclosure and implement according to this, can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.All
The equivalents made according to spirit of the invention or modification, should all contain device within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of tellurium beallon, it is characterised in that：Including beryllium 0.2~2.1wt.% of Be, tellurium 0.1~0.7wt.% of Te, its
His element：Cobalt Co, nickel, phosphorus P, rare earth element and impurity element, summation≤4wt.%, remaining is Cu.
2. a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The preparation method of the tellurium beallon
For：
A. according to percentage by weight carry out dispensing, feed intake, melting and casting obtain ingot blank；
Feeding sequence is followed successively by fusion process:Tough cathode, copper-nickel intermediate alloy and (or) copper-cobalt intermediate alloy and (or) dilute
Native intermediate alloy, Bealloy, pure tellurium or copper tellurium intermediate alloy, the temperature of melting is 1100~1300 DEG C, molten to solution
After change, be incubated 10-30min, by after degasification, removal of impurities operation, stand 5-20min, after carry out antivacuum or vacuum casting or half
Continuous or continuously casting；
B. the ingot blank for step a being obtained is carried out successively：To realize diffusion annealing, plasticity hot-working, the modeling of homogenization of composition purpose
Property cold working and annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process, rod, line, the tube material of the prepared tellurium beallon of processing；
C. or, the ingot blank that step a is obtained is carried out successively：To realize the diffusion annealing of homogenization of composition purpose, directly carrying out
Cold working and annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process processing are obtained rod, line, the tube material of tellurium beallon.
3. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Melting described in step a
It is using vacuum or antivacuum electric induction furnace melting.
4. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Plasticity described in step b
Heat processing technique is extruding, rolls, forges processing technology.
5. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Cold described in step b plus
Work technique is rolling, drawing, processing technology of swaging.
6. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step c is specially step
The ingot blank that rapid a is obtained directly carry out including after homogenization of composition diffusion annealing is carried out rolling, drawing, processing technology of swaging it is cold
Processing, adds annealing, solid solution, aging thermal treating process in work flow.
7. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Melting described in step a,
Under the conditions of vacuum melting, can once feed intake or feed intake at twice.
8. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described once feed intake for
Disposable input tough cathode, copper-nickel intermediate alloy and (or) copper-cobalt intermediate alloy and (or) rare earth intermediate alloy, close in the middle of beryllium
Golden and pure tellurium.
9. the preparation method of a kind of tellurium beallon according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Described feeds intake at twice
Tough cathode, copper-nickel intermediate alloy and (or) copper-cobalt intermediate alloy and (or) rare earth intermediate alloy etc. are specially added for the first time,
Second plus Bealloy and pure tellurium.
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| CN201710136978.4A CN106834794A (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | A kind of tellurium beallon and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2017/078350 WO2018161380A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-28 | Tellurium-beryllium-copper alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN201711094125.5A CN108300890A (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-11-08 | A kind of tellurium beallon and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-03-09 CN CN201710136978.4A patent/CN106834794A/en active Pending
- 2017-03-28 WO PCT/CN2017/078350 patent/WO2018161380A1/en unknown
- 2017-11-08 CN CN201711094125.5A patent/CN108300890A/en active Pending
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| CN114686721B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-02-24 | 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 | High-strength copper alloy bar and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018161380A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
| CN108300890A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
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