CN106830627A - A kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating - Google Patents
A kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106830627A CN106830627A CN201710105188.XA CN201710105188A CN106830627A CN 106830627 A CN106830627 A CN 106830627A CN 201710105188 A CN201710105188 A CN 201710105188A CN 106830627 A CN106830627 A CN 106830627A
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- combustion
- glass
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- kiln
- metal
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/225—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/44—Cooling arrangements for furnace walls
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
On the refractory material for constituting glass melter kiln bottom, gather and be arranged with large number of passage, they are communicated with extraneous air delivering pipeline；During combustion gas and combustion-supporting qi leel do not send into the glass metal in molten bath by these passages with jet or bubbling mode；Wherein it is separated by certain spacing between combustion gas stomata and combustion-supporting gas stomata, combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is independently sent into kiln by respective pipeline；In glass precursor solution upper surface, one layer of raw materials batch layer fusion is coated with all the time, the combustion product gases in glass metal are escaped through this bed of material, and drained after with bed of material heat exchange cooling；Imperfect combustion combustion gas in combustion product gases, meets oxygen combustion, and give raw materials batch heating in glass metal surface and raw materials batch layer；As raw materials batch layer bottom constantly melts, top layer constantly spreads the new bed of material, and melting furnaces just can continuously produce required glass metal.
Description
Technical field
The glass melter of glass melter, particularly submerged combustion heating.
Background technology
At present, surface heated method is used with fuel continuous melting glass metal.It has it is several be difficult to overcome lack
Point：One is the relatively low thermal efficiency, and thermal losses is serious；Two is relatively low melting rate；Three be melting tank combustion space fuel gas temperature it is high, stream
It is fast big, it is very fast to kiln refractory corrosion, reduce kiln service life.For save energy, reduce and discharge and reduce into
This simultaneously improves kiln service life, is all exploring more effective heating means instead of surface heating, such as submerged combustion both at home and abroad
And heated by electrodes.
But, so far, so-called submerged combustion is that gaseous fuel combustion device is inserted in kiln from kiln bottom, makes the useless of burning
Gas is injected directly into the glass metal of molten bath with high temperature and high speed, stirs glass metal, and most of heat is transmitted into glass metal and cooperation
Material, makes frit melt rapidly.
This method can not only be such that the heat of burning gases is fully absorbed by glass metal, and heat loss is small, and melting rate is high, energy-conservation
Effect is very notable（The melting rate of submerged combustion method is introduced up to 9 ~ 10 ton/square metre days, per kilogram glass metal heat by foreign countries
Consumption is below 1000 kilocalories）.And because high-temperature gas is seethed, stirring action is played to glass metal, make the glass metal in pond more equal
It is even.It is again basic identical with the temperature of watch crystal liquid in molten bath due to leaving the EGT of glass metal, thus reduce melting furnaces
The temperature in space, extends the service life of kiln.
Submerged combustion method has many advantages, therefore is all successively carried out including the U.S. including China, day, method, E Deng states
In-depth study and experiment, but up to the present do not succeeded in large-scale industrial application.
Its reason is that the method for this traditional submerged combustion has insoluble problem：1st, clear up problems：To
When combustion gas and air mixture are sprayed into glass metal (combustion product), the operating condition of nozzle is relatively difficult, only mixed gas
Consumption is substantially exceeded when being embraced with air or dry drum, and founding can just be normally carried out.Because the fierce bubbling of glass metal is seethed, make glass
Glass liquid show bubble, the minute gas field trash of itself significantly increases, therefore, clarify glass metal highly difficult.2nd, fuel is asked
Topic：Occlusion or the blub composition being mingled with do not participate in the inactive gas of reaction, that is, fuel combustion mainly in the melt
The nitrogen discharged in journey, such as：It is nitrogenous with the combustion product produced by the submerged combustion nozzle of the air gas mixture of natural gas one
Amount is more than 70%, and general combustion method then allows nitrogen content in combustion product no more than 30%, for plate glass, then
Preferably no more than 10% (weight).Therefore, this is also the main cause more than air inclusions.Can effectively be solved with pure oxygen burning technique
Certainly above-mentioned two problems, but the problem brought are that flame temperature is too high, and nozzle deteriorates too fast, cannot compensate again or change. 3、
Combustor problem：Because burner is submerged in the melt, its quality, riding position and operational control are all required than ever
Strictly, otherwise, once burning is broken down, glass metal is entered its interior solidification of people, then can not be continuing with.In addition, working as glass metal
When reaching certain depth, not enough, flame does not enter glass metal then to the impulse force of nozzle, and refractory material sprays from the side.Qinhuangdao glass
Glass research institute just ran into test such case.Reducing nozzle diameter can solve the above problems, but can cause the combustion heat
Measure not enough problem.4th, refractories：Because glass metal is acutely seethed in kiln, superstructure space can be sputtered
The glass metal for coming is washed away, the need for general silica brick and chrome brick does not adapt to this melting furnaces.Burnt when multiple is set in bottom of pond
During nozzle, can also weaken the intensity of refractory material.In addition, the natural gas that such as burnt in liquation is (to feed the 7- of total amount in kiln
10%), can greatly reinforce heat exchange.The amount of natural gas directly burnt in melting furnaces is improved too much, and refractory material is tight by erosion
Weight.5th, the fluctuation of viscosity of glass metal, bleed pressure and flow, the influence to mixture pressure and spray speed is very big, is difficult to it
Burning in glass metal is maintained to long term constant, de- fire or tempering phenomenon is easily caused.6th, the most key problem is：Due to
Limited by material, burner (especially bocca) is easily lost, the life-span is shorter, and cannot both compensate or be difficult to change.Institute
Although by long-term research and experiment, to be difficult to put into practical application.And the problem that heated by electrodes is present is：Melting rate
It is low；Heating surface (area) (HS is limited；Electrode is expensive and changes difficult and oxidizable；Need to be first with other mode of heatings by glass melting into liquid
Afterwards, can electrified regulation, increased equipment and process costs.Therefore.The glass electric melting of current heated by electrodes is only used for height
The production of the small-scale product such as Pyrex, opal glass.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating, it is characterized in that：Constituting
On the refractory material of glass melter kiln bottom, gather and be arranged with large number of passage, they are communicated with extraneous air delivering pipeline；
During combustion gas and combustion-supporting qi leel do not send into the glass metal in molten bath by these passages with jet or bubbling mode；Wherein combustion gas stomata
It is separated by certain spacing and combustion-supporting gas stomata between, combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is independently sent into kiln by respective pipeline；Combustion gas
The excessive bubble of half mixed half combustion is met and formed in rising expansion process inside glass metal with combustion-supporting gas, then proceedes to rise,
Reach and be thoroughly mixed burning, and form high-temperature flue gas bubble；So as to heat to be transmitted to the liquation of surrounding, fusing and homogenizing material are reached
Purpose；In glass precursor solution upper surface, one layer of raw materials batch layer fusion, the combustion product gases warp in glass metal are coated with all the time
This bed of material is escaped, and is drained after with bed of material heat exchange cooling；Imperfect combustion combustion gas in combustion product gases, on glass metal surface
And oxygen combustion is met in raw materials batch layer, and give raw materials batch heating；As raw materials batch layer bottom constantly melts,
Top layer constantly spreads the new bed of material, and melting furnaces just can continuously produce required glass metal.
The refractory material of above-mentioned composition glass melter kiln bottom is bottom of pond syphon and/or the fire resisting being laid on above bottom of pond syphon
Material ramming layer.
The glass melter of above-mentioned submerged combustion heating is broadly divided into melting tank and depositing reservoir two parts, in the resistance to of their kiln bottoms
On fiery material, gather and be arranged with large number of passage；Wherein, the passage at melting tank bottom blasts high frequency bubble or jet
Gas, so as to form big heat, high-intensity combustion；The passage at depositing reservoir bottom blasts low frequency bubble, so as to form small heat, low
Intensity is burnt, and the micro-bubble in glass metal is clarified.
By kiln bottom refractory material passage arrangement density and/or the difference of outlet size and air pressure, on horizontal area
By melting tank and depositing reservoir from center to surrounding, the protection of central high temperature area, low temperature transition zone and cisterna ambiens wall air curtain is respectively divided into
Area（Referring to：Melting furnaces pool wall air curtain Protection Code, number of patent application：201610088619.1）, with the thermal convection current of reinforced glass liquid, from
And reach the purpose for being homogenized glass metal.
The resistance to overturning of homogenizing and kiln in view of glass metal, can be designed as cylindrical shape high by the global shape of melting furnaces
Stove（Similar to blast furnace）Shape.The outer wall of body of heater can be designed as metal shell.This metal shell can be by many annulus
Shape metal tube combines composition in the height direction.Refractory masses are provided with the inside of metal shell（It is not drawn into figure）.Can be
Cooling fluid is passed through in circular ring metal pipe, to ensure the use safety and service life of body of heater.It is provided with Top of BF and is fed intake
Mouthful and go out flue；Liquid-filling pool and dog-hole are provided with blast furnace bottom.
Above-mentioned combustion-supporting gas can be compressed air, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen gas；Combustion gas can be natural gas, coal gas, hydrogen air-liquid
Liquefied oil gas etc..
Above-mentioned raw materials coordinate the bed of material thickness control combustion product gases can low pressure effusion be advisable.
Compared with other conventional glass furnaces, the glass melter of this submerged combustion heating is beneficial in that：1st, kiln
Stove and combustion apparatus simple structure, long service life；2nd, method reliability, burning is complete；3rd, melting efficiency is high, liquation homo-effect
It is good；4th, the erosion to refractory material is small；5th, heat-exchange time of the high-temperature flue gas in liquation and raw materials batch layer is long, heat utilization efficiency
It is high；6th, it is suitable for pure oxygen high-temp combustion, can not only melts high-melting-point material, and exhaust gas volumn is greatly reduced, beneficial to liquation
Clarification；There is very great economic and social benefit for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of one of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of the two of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is three schematic top plan views of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the stereoscopic structure chart of the 4 of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the perspective cross section structure chart of Fig. 4.
1. kiln bottom refractory material bottom of pond syphon in figure, 2. refractory material air-vent, 3. air delivering pipeline, 4. combustion gas is steeped or is helped
Combustion gas is steeped, 5. glass metal, 6. raw materials batch layer, 7. kiln bottom refractory material ramming layer, 8. kiln pool wall, 9. melting tank with
Depositing reservoir upper strata separates, 10. melting tank central high temperature area, 11. melting tank low temperature transition zones, and 12. melting tank cisterna ambiens wall air curtains are protected
Shield area, 13. depositing reservoir central high temperature areas, 14. depositing reservoir low temperature transition zones, 15. depositing reservoir cisterna ambiens wall air curtain protection zones, 16.
Dog-house, 17. go out flue, 18. circular ring metal pipes, 19. liquid-filling pools, 20. dog-holes.
Specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, glass melter kiln bottom refractory material bottom of pond syphon 1 or/and kiln bottom refractory material ramming layer 7 are being constituted
On, to gather and be arranged with large number of passage 2, they are communicated with extraneous air delivering pipeline 3；Combustion gas and combustion-supporting qi leel do not pass through
These passages 3 are sent into the glass metal 5 in molten bath with jet or bubbling mode；Phase wherein between combustion gas stomata and combustion-supporting gas stomata
Every certain spacing, combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas is set independently to be sent into kiln by respective pipeline；Combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas are in glass metal 7
The excessive bubble of half mixed half combustion is met and formed in portion's rising expansion process, rising is then proceeded to, and is reached and is thoroughly mixed burning, and
Form high-temperature flue gas bubble；So as to heat to be transmitted to the liquation of surrounding, the purpose of fusing and homogenizing material is reached；In glass precursor solution 7
Upper surface, is coated with one layer of raw materials batch layer 6 fusion all the time, and the combustion product gases in glass metal 7 are escaped through this bed of material, and are led to
Cross and drained with after bed of material heat exchange cooling；Imperfect combustion combustion gas in combustion product gases, in the surface of glass metal 7 and raw materials batch
Oxygen combustion is met in layer 6, and gives raw materials batch heating；As raw materials batch 6 bottom of layer constantly melt, top layer is constantly spread
The new bed of material, melting furnaces just can continuously produce required glass metal.
In Fig. 3, by the passage 2 on kiln bottom refractory material bottom of pond syphon 1 or/and kiln bottom refractory material ramming layer 7, its
The difference of arrangement density and/or outlet size and air pressure, by melting tank and depositing reservoir from center to surrounding on horizontal area, point
Melting tank central high temperature area 10, melting tank low temperature transition zone 11, melting tank cisterna ambiens wall air curtain protection zone 12, depositing reservoir are not divided into
Central high temperature area 13, depositing reservoir low temperature transition zone 14, depositing reservoir cisterna ambiens wall air curtain protection zone 15, with the hot right of reinforced glass liquid
Stream, so as to reach the purpose for being homogenized glass metal.
In Fig. 4, Fig. 5, it is contemplated that the homogenizing of glass metal and the resistance to overturning of kiln, the global shape of melting furnaces is designed as
Cylindrical shape blast furnace（Similar to blast furnace）Shape.The outer wall of body of heater is designed as metal shell.This metal shell can be by being permitted
Many circular ring metal pipes 18 combine composition in the height direction.Refractory masses are provided with the inside of metal shell（Do not drawn in figure
Go out）.Cooling fluid can be passed through in circular ring metal pipe 18, to ensure the use safety and service life of body of heater.In furnace roof high
Portion is provided with dog-house 16 and goes out flue 17；Liquid-filling pool 19 and dog-hole 20 are provided with blast furnace bottom.
Claims (7)
1. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion is heated, it is characterized in that：On the refractory material for constituting glass melter kiln bottom, gather
Large number of passage is arranged with, they are communicated with extraneous air delivering pipeline；Combustion gas and combustion-supporting qi leel are not ventilated by these
Sent into jet or bubbling mode in the glass metal in molten bath in hole；Wherein be separated by between combustion gas stomata and combustion-supporting gas stomata it is certain between
Away from making combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas independently be sent into kiln by respective pipeline；Combustion gas and combustion-supporting gas rise expansion inside glass metal
During meet and form the excessive bubble of half mixed half combustion, then proceed to rise, reach and be thoroughly mixed burning, and form high temperature cigarette
Bubble；So as to heat to be transmitted to the liquation of surrounding, the purpose of fusing and homogenizing material is reached；In glass precursor solution upper surface, all the time
One layer of raw materials batch layer fusion is coated with, the combustion product gases in glass metal are escaped through this bed of material, and are exchanged heat by with the bed of material
Drained after cooling；Imperfect combustion combustion gas in combustion product gases, oxygen combustion is met in glass metal surface and raw materials batch layer
Burn, and give raw materials batch heating；As raw materials batch layer bottom constantly melts, top layer constantly spreads the new bed of material, and melting furnaces are just
Required glass metal can be continuously produced.
2. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 1 is heated, it is characterized in that：Above-mentioned composition glass melts
The refractory material of kiln kiln bottom is bottom of pond syphon and/or the refractory material ramming layer being laid on above bottom of pond syphon.
3. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 1 is heated, it is characterized in that：Above-mentioned submerged combustion adds
The glass melter of heat is broadly divided into melting tank and depositing reservoir two parts, on the refractory material of their kiln bottoms, gathers and is arranged with
Large number of passage；Wherein, the passage at melting tank bottom blasts high frequency bubble or Gas Jet, thus formed big heat,
High-intensity combustion；The passage at depositing reservoir bottom blasts low frequency bubble, so that small heat, low-intensity burning are formed, and by glass metal
In micro-bubble clarification.
4. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 1 is heated, it is characterized in that：By kiln bottom fire proofed wood
The difference of material passage arrangement density and/or outlet size and air pressure, by melting tank and depositing reservoir from center on horizontal area
To surrounding, central high temperature area, low temperature transition zone and cisterna ambiens wall air curtain protection zone are respectively divided into, with the hot right of reinforced glass liquid
Stream, so as to reach the purpose for being homogenized glass metal.
5. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 1 is heated, it is characterized in that：In view of glass metal
The resistance to overturning of homogenizing and kiln, cylindrical shape blast furnace shape is designed as by the global shape of melting furnaces；The outer wall of body of heater is designed
It is metal shell；Refractory masses are provided with the inside of metal shell.
6. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 5 is heated, it is characterized in that：Above-mentioned metal shell by
Many circular ring metal pipes combine composition in the height direction；Cooling fluid is passed through in circular ring metal pipe, to ensure body of heater
Use safety and service life.
7. the glass melter that a kind of submerged combustion according to claims 5 is heated, it is characterized in that：It is provided with Top of BF
Dog-house and go out flue；Liquid-filling pool and dog-hole are provided with blast furnace bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710105188.XA CN106830627A (en) | 2017-02-25 | 2017-02-25 | A kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710105188.XA CN106830627A (en) | 2017-02-25 | 2017-02-25 | A kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106830627A true CN106830627A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710105188.XA Pending CN106830627A (en) | 2017-02-25 | 2017-02-25 | A kind of glass melter of submerged combustion heating |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110981164A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 液化空气（中国）研发有限公司 | Melting apparatus and melting method |
-
2017
- 2017-02-25 CN CN201710105188.XA patent/CN106830627A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110981164A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 液化空气（中国）研发有限公司 | Melting apparatus and melting method |
| CN110981164B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-07-05 | 液化空气（中国）研发有限公司 | Melting apparatus and melting method |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170613 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |