CN106829923A - A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106829923A CN106829923A CN201710157984.8A CN201710157984A CN106829923A CN 106829923 A CN106829923 A CN 106829923A CN 201710157984 A CN201710157984 A CN 201710157984A CN 106829923 A CN106829923 A CN 106829923A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method, is related to technical field of carbon material preparation.The preparation method is comprised the following steps：(1) charcoal source mixed liquor is prepared：Biomass carbon source is added in deionized water, is stirred, obtain charcoal source mixed liquor；(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To incendiary agent, oxidant and foaming agent is added in the mixed liquor of charcoal source, stir, obtain combustion fluid；(3) calcination combustion liquid, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials；(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed；(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried, described biomass carbon material is obtained.A kind of biomass carbon material of the present invention and preparation method, using solution combustion method, very energy saving, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nano thin-layer structure of obtained biomass carbon material is homogeneous, and microstructure and specific surface area are preferable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of carbon material preparation, and in particular to a kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method.
Background technology
Carbon nano-material refers at least one-dimensional structural type Carbon Materials less than 100nm of dispersed phase yardstick, main comprising richness
Strangle alkene, nano carbon tube, Graphene and mesoporous nano charcoal etc..Carbon nano-material have that good stability, intensity be high, specific surface area is high and
The features such as abundance, be most potential novel nano-material, has been applied to composite, ultracapacitor, storage
Hydrogen material, catalyst equal energy source chemical field, or even as irreplaceable material in frontier high.Country《New material industry
" 12 " development plan》It is determined that new function material, advanced configuration material and high-performance composite materials etc. are given priority to, in recent years
Carry out the fast development of carbon nano-material research also for its development and application in chemical industry catalysis material field provides platform.Future is most
The product for being possible to realize industrial applications is energy storage hydrogen storage device, advanced composite material (ACM) and catalyst.
Traditional Carbon Materials are that primary raw material is prepared by working process by coal, oil etc., but nowadays in global range
The deterioration of energy crisis and ecological environment, is restricted the further development of traditional Carbon Materials, develops renewable resources
And be translated into the energy and had important practical significance with various materials.Biomass carbon material is to utilize biomass for raw material system
Standby various Carbon Materials.Biomass refer to the various organisms formed by photosynthesis, including all of animals and plants and micro-
It is biological.And so-called biomass energy, it is exactly form of energy that solar energy is stored in biomass in chemical energy form, i.e., with biomass
It is the energy of carrier.It directly or indirectly from green plants photosynthesis, can be converted into conventional solid-state, liquid and
Fuel gas, it is inexhaustible, nexhaustible, it is a kind of regenerative resource, while being also a kind of unique reproducible charcoal source.With life
Material prepares Carbon Materials for raw material, can reduce the production cost of Carbon Materials, realizes the sustainable development of Carbon Materials.
In recent years, many scientists are being devoted to grinding for the preparation of novel biomass class carbon nano-material and potential application
Study carefully.It is prepared by raw material such as with using cotton stalk, bagasse, rice husk, tealeaf residue, jujube core, pomelo peel, cocoanut shell agricultural waste material
Carbon based material, but above method technique is cumbersome, and the production cycle is long, the carbon nano-material poor plasticity produced, ratio of easily reuniting
Surface area is relatively low.
In view of this, it is necessary to propose a kind of new biomass carbon material and preparation method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of biomass carbon material, the method process is simple improves
The performance of product.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of biomass carbon material, comprises the following steps：
(1) charcoal source mixed liquor is prepared：Biomass carbon source is added in deionized water, is stirred, obtain the mixing of charcoal source
Liquid；The biomass carbon source is the one kind in glucose, fructose, starch, agricultural crop straw and pericarp；
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To incendiary agent, oxidant and foaming agent is added in the mixed liquor of charcoal source, stir, must burn
Liquid；The incendiary agent is the one kind in citric acid, glycine and urea, and the oxidant is salpeter solution, sulfuric acid solution, Gao Meng
One kind in sour potassium and sodium hypochlorite, the foaming agent is in hydrogenperoxide steam generator, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate
Kind；
(3) combustion fluid is calcined 10-90 minutes at a temperature of 150-450 DEG C, then is warming up to 500-800 DEG C, calcining 10-
300 minutes, room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtain initial stage Carbon Materials；
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized initial stage Carbon Materials, then with absolute ethanol washing initial stage raw material of wood-charcoal
Material, the initial stage Carbon Materials after being washed；
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried, described biomass carbon material is obtained.
Further, in the step (1), biomass carbon source is 2-5 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed liquor：10.
Further, after the agricultural crop straw and pericarp dry naturally, then 100-120 mesh sieves were crushed.
Further, in the step (2), biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of incendiary agent：0.01-0.5；
The biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of potassium permanganate or sodium hypochlorite:0.001-0.5；
Charcoal source mixed liquor is 1 with the volume ratio of salpeter solution or sulfuric acid solution:0.01-0.5；
The biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of sodium fluoride or sodium carbonate or sodium acid carbonate:0.001-0.5；
Charcoal source mixed liquor is 1 with the volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator:0.01-0.5.
Further, the mass fraction of the salpeter solution is 30%-65%, the quality point of the hydrogenperoxide steam generator
Number is 20%-40%, and the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 50-98%.
Further, the step (4) also includes：It is washed with deionized after initial stage Carbon Materials 3-4 times, then uses acetone
Washing initial stage 1-2 material of charcoal, uses absolute ethanol washing initial stage Carbon Materials 3-4 times again afterwards.
Further, in the step (5), dry temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and drying time is 10-15 hours.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biomass carbon material, and the biomass carbon material is by the above method
Prepare, it has the advantages that good microstructure and specific surface area.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, preparation method process is simple of the present invention, short preparation period, favorable repeatability.
2nd, the present invention uses solution combustion method, and it is anti-that the driving force of solution combustion comes from internal highly exothermic redox
Should, the energy input needed for preparation process is only to light reaction, therefore very energy saving, and can be with a step into charcoal.
3rd, biomass carbon material of the present invention is prepared from using solution combustion method, and reaction speed is fast, can prevent generation
Nano-particle reunite, the nano thin-layer structure of obtained Carbon Materials is homogeneous.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the N of the biomass carbon material of embodiment of the present invention 1 and embodiment 52Adsorption desorption curve map.
Fig. 2 is the pore volume and graph of pore diameter distribution of the biomass carbon material of embodiment of the present invention 2 and embodiment 5.
Fig. 3 is the XRD of the biomass carbon material of embodiment of the present invention 3 and embodiment 4.
Fig. 4 is the SEM figures of the biomass carbon material of embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 5 is the SEM figures of the biomass carbon material of embodiment of the present invention 5.
Specific embodiment
In order to a kind of biomass carbon material of the invention and preparation method is expanded on further, expected goal of the invention is reached, below
With reference to preferred embodiment, to according to a kind of biomass carbon material proposed by the present invention and preparation method, its specific embodiment, knot
Structure, feature and effect, describe in detail as after.In the following description, different " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to not necessarily
It is same embodiment.Additionally, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be combined by any suitable form.
Before a kind of biomass carbon material of the invention and preparation method is elaborated, it is necessary to what is referred in the present invention
Method is described further, to reach more preferable effect.
Combustion synthesis method is a kind of quick, preparation method of energy-conservation.At present, conbustion synthesis have been used for synthesis more than 1000
Plant oxide powder.Physical property and reaction medium based on reactant, conbustion synthesis can be divided into Self- propagating Sintering Synthetic and
Solution combustion synthesizes.Self- propagating Sintering Synthetic carries out materials synthesis using the self- propagating exothermic reaction occurred between reactant；Its
Maximum the characteristics of is the sustainable supply that external energy is not needed in building-up process, and spontaneous maintenance is gone down by after lighting,
That is self- propagating characteristic.Solution combustion method, water is dissolved in by soluble reactant, can reach the uniform mixing of molecular level, instead
Answer temperature relatively low；And reaction speed is fast, the nano-particle of generation can be prevented from reuniting.Thus it is applied to the preparation of nano material.
In 1988, Patil etc. reported solution combustion synthesis for the first time, using urea and Al (NO3)3·9H2The reaction of O is obtained
Al2O3.Solution combustion synthesizes with metal nitrate and organic-fuel as reactant, using the redox of heat release between the two
React and formed and be able to can be provided by its internal chemical reaching the purpose of self- propagating, i.e. product lattice.So, solution combustion synthesis
The extraneous temperature for providing of needs is relatively low, triggering combustion reaction (reaching ignition temperature) is only used for, different from prior synthesizing method
The middle lasting input for needing outside energy promotes lattice to be formed.
Solution combustion method prepares the process is simple of biomass carbon material, and easy to operate, yield is high.The driving force of solution combustion
Come from the chemical energy of inside, the chemical energy derives from highly exothermic redox reaction.Topmost energy in preparation process
Consumption is the dehydration of solution, and required energy input is only to light reaction.Therefore, the temperature required for solution combustion synthesis
Degree only need to be higher than ignition temperature, thus the synthetic route very energy-conservation.Reaction can be divided into five stages, first stage：By solution
The boiling point of water is heated to from room temperature；Second stage：Due to the evaporation of water, solution temperature is maintained at 100 DEG C；Phase III：Completely
After dehydration, gained xerogel continues to be heated and cause temperature to rise, and during this, the gas in vapor and foaming agent is fast
Speed volatilization is manufactured that substantial amounts of pore structure；Fourth stage：Once temperature reaches ignition temperature, predecessor is ignited, and occurs certainly
Propagating combustion reacts.5th stage：Natural cooling.Then unnecessary soluble metallic salt is washed with solution and is taken out of, needed for obtaining
The biomass carbon material wanted.
Cardinal principle of the invention is：With the evaporation of moisture, combustion fluid forms jelly, the decomposition of foaming agent and moisture
Evaporation, substantial amounts of pore structure is manufactured on jelly.Incendiary agent reaches burning-point and combustion reaction occurs first, afterwards in oxidant
Heat release side occurs should carry out proceeding for maintenance reaction.
Muffle furnace is preheated to 150-450 DEG C by calcination process in the present invention, and combustion fluid then is put into Muffle furnace, makes foaming
Agent and vapor acutely discharge, and reach the purpose of pore-creating., it is necessary to a period of time burns completely after incendiary agent ignites, in this temperature
Point is stopped 10-90 minutes, continues to be warmed up to 500-800 DEG C, is kept for 10-300 minutes.On the one hand this process burns the knot in charcoal
Brilliant water, the structure of one side stabilization charcoal.Then Temperature fall.
Wash, laboratory washing operation is：Precipitation is transferred to filter (by funnel, filter paper, beaker and fixing device group
Into) in, to adding wash solution not treat washings in funnel, but liquid level is less than filter paper edge, under allowing liquid to flow into naturally
In the undertaking beaker in face, treat that wash solution flows to end.Period cannot be stirred with glass bar, in order to avoid scratch filter paper.Washed in the present invention
The process washed is that (soluble slaine, these slaines are on the one hand from additional hair for the ash content taken out of in Carbon Materials
Infusion or oxidant or incendiary agent etc., the on the one hand mineral matter element from biomass in itself).
Drying is to remove the wash solution in Carbon Materials in the present invention.
Preferably, being repeated several times in laboratory can obtain nano thin-layer raw material of wood-charcoal to the repeatability of preparation method of the present invention
Material.
The present invention enters metal target when combustion fluid is prepared in combustion fluid, can be with shape during charing
Into metal oxide, such that it is able to obtain the activated carbon of extraordinary application.
After the method referred in having understood the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiments, to of the invention a kind of raw
Material Carbon Materials and preparation method are further described in detail：
Embodiment 1.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) charcoal source mixed solution is prepared：The glucose of 10g is weighed, is added in the beaker of the deionized water equipped with 20ml,
Stirring obtains charcoal source mixed solution to being completely dissolved.(glucose is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed solution:3)
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To glycine, the salpeter solution and 1ml that 1ml mass fractions are 65% that 1g is added in beaker
Mass fraction is 25% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.(biomass carbon
Source is 1 with the mass ratio of incendiary agent:0.1, the volume of charcoal source mixed solution：The volume of oxidant：Volume=20 of foaming agent:1:
1=1：0.05:0.05)
(3) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 300 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 30 minutes, continue to heat up
To 500 DEG C, calcine 60 minutes, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized three times, then with absolute ethanol washing three times, is washed
Initial stage Carbon Materials afterwards.
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 12 hours at a temperature of 60 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
Table 1
As can be drawn from Table 1, glucose has the considerable specific surface of comparing as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source
Product, reaches 239.13m2/ g, average pore volume is 0.19cm3/ g, average pore size is respectively 2.5nm.As can be seen here, the present embodiment system
Standby biomass carbon material has good architectural feature.
From figure 1 it appears that glucose has a huge hysteresis loop as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source, say
Biomass carbon material prepared by bright the method has abundant pore structure.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and specific surface area is preferable.
Embodiment 2.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) charcoal source mixed solution is prepared：The glucose of 10g is weighed, is added in the beaker of the deionized water equipped with 40ml,
Stirring obtains charcoal source mixed solution to being completely dissolved.(glucose is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed solution:5)
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To urea, the sulfuric acid solution and 1ml that 8ml mass fractions are 60% that 0.5g is added in beaker
Mass fraction is 40% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.(biomass carbon
Source is 10 with the mass ratio of incendiary agent:0.5=1:0.05, the volume of charcoal source mixed solution：The volume of oxidant：The body of foaming agent
Product=40:8:1=1：0.2:0.025)
(3) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 450 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 10 minutes, continue to heat up
To 500 DEG C, calcine 3 hours, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized three times, then with absolute ethanol washing three times, is washed
Initial stage Carbon Materials afterwards.
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 10 hours at a temperature of 80 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
As can be seen from Figure 2 come, the aperture of the biomass carbon material that glucose is prepared as charcoal source concentrate on 2-5nm it
Between, illustrate material surface it is widely distributed substantial amounts of micropore and meso-hole structure.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and architectural feature is preferable.
Embodiment 3.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) charcoal source mixed solution is prepared：The glucose of 10g is weighed, is added in the beaker of the deionized water equipped with 10ml,
Stirring obtains charcoal source mixed solution to being completely dissolved.(glucose is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed solution:2)
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To the carbon of the citric acid, the potassium permanganate of 0.5g and 0.1g that 1g is added in the mixed solution of charcoal source
Sour sodium, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.(the quality in biomass carbon source：The quality of incendiary agent：Oxygen
The quality of agent：Quality=10 of foaming agent:1:0.5:0.1=1：0.1:0.05:0.01)
(3) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 200 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 90 minutes, continue to heat up
To 600 DEG C, calcine 30 minutes, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized three times, then with absolute ethanol washing three times, is washed
Initial stage Carbon Materials afterwards.
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 11 hours at a temperature of 80 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
From Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it can be clearly seen that, glucose occurs obvious as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source
The characteristic peak of charcoal, and without miscellaneous peak, the biomass carbon material of preparation shows obvious thin layer shape.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and architectural feature is preferable.
Embodiment 4.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) charcoal source mixed solution is prepared：The sucrose of 100g is weighed, is dissolved completely in the deionized water of 200ml, obtain charcoal
Source mixed solution.(sucrose is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed solution:3)
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To citric acid, the postassium hypochlorite of 0.5g and 2ml mass that 1g is added in the mixed solution of charcoal source
Fraction is 25% hydrogenperoxide steam generator, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.(biomass carbon source
Quality：The quality of incendiary agent：Quality=100 of oxidant:1:0.5=1：0.01:0.005, the volume of charcoal source mixed solution：Hair
Volume=200 of infusion:2=1:0.01)
(3) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 300 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 30 minutes, continue to heat up
To 500 DEG C, calcine 4 hours, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized four times, is then washed twice with acetone, then uses anhydrous second
Alcohol is washed four times, the initial stage Carbon Materials after being washed.
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 15 hours at a temperature of 50 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
From Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, it can be clearly seen that, there is obvious charcoal as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source in sucrose
Characteristic peak, and without miscellaneous peak, the biomass carbon material of preparation shows obvious thin layer shape.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and architectural feature is preferable.
Embodiment 5.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) charcoal source mixed solution is prepared：The sucrose of 10g is weighed, is dissolved completely in the deionized water of 20ml, obtain charcoal source
Mixed solution.(sucrose is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed solution:3)
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To glycine, the nitric acid that 2ml mass fractions are 35% that 4g is added in the mixed solution of charcoal source
The sodium acid carbonate of solution and 0.5g, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.(the quality in biomass carbon source：
The quality of incendiary agent：Quality=10 of foaming agent:4:0.5=1：0.4:0.05, the volume of charcoal source mixed solution：The body of oxidant
Product=20:2=1:0.01)
(3) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 300 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 30 minutes, continue to heat up
To 500 DEG C, calcine 3 hours, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized three times, then with absolute ethanol washing three times, is washed
Initial stage Carbon Materials afterwards.
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 14 hours at a temperature of 70 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
Table 2
As can be drawn from Table 2, sucrose has the considerable specific surface area of comparing as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source,
Reach 344.97m2/ g, average pore volume is 0.14cm3/ g, average pore size is 2.3nm.As can be seen here, biology manufactured in the present embodiment
Matter Carbon Materials have good architectural feature.
From figure 1 it appears that sucrose has a huge hysteresis loop, explanation as biomass carbon material prepared by charcoal source
Biomass carbon material prepared by the method has abundant pore structure.
As can be seen from Figure 2 come, the aperture of the biomass carbon material that sucrose is prepared as charcoal source concentrate on 2-5nm it
Between, illustrate material surface it is widely distributed substantial amounts of micropore and meso-hole structure.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and specific surface area is preferable.
Embodiment 6.
Concrete operation step is as follows：
(1) biomass carbon source is prepared：Banana skin is dried naturally, 100 mesh sieves were crushed, banana skin powder is obtained.
(2) charcoal source mixed liquor is prepared：The banana skin powder of 10g is weighed, is added in the beaker of the deionized water equipped with 20ml,
Stir, obtain charcoal source mixed liquor.(banana skin powder is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed liquor:3)
(3) combustion fluid is prepared：To the bicarbonate of the glycine, the sodium fluoride of 4g and 2g that 0.2g is added in the mixed liquor of charcoal source
Sodium, stirs and incendiary agent is completely dissolved, and obtains combustion fluid.The quality in biomass carbon source：The quality of incendiary agent：Oxidant
Quality：Quality=10 of foaming agent:0.2:4:2=1：0.02:0.4:0.2)
(4) combustion fluid is transferred in crucible, is put into and is preheated in 300 DEG C of Muffle furnace, calcined 40 minutes, continue to heat up
To 700 DEG C, calcine 10 minutes, taking-up naturally cools to room temperature, obtains initial stage Carbon Materials.
(5) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized three times, is then washed twice with acetone, then uses anhydrous second
Alcohol is washed three times, the initial stage Carbon Materials after being washed.
(6) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried 12 hours at a temperature of 70 DEG C, obtains biomass carbon material.
A kind of biomass carbon material and preparation method described in the embodiment of the present invention, using solution combustion method, extremely save
The energy, and can be with a step into charcoal；Preparation method is simple, short preparation period, favorable repeatability；The nanometer thin of obtained Carbon Materials
Rotating fields are homogeneous, and architectural feature is preferable.
The above, is only the preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, and any shape is not made to the embodiment of the present invention
Limitation in formula, according to any simple modification, equivalent variations that the technical spirit of the embodiment of the present invention is made to above example
With modification, still fall within the range of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of biomass carbon material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) charcoal source mixed liquor is prepared：Biomass carbon source is added in deionized water, is stirred, obtain charcoal source mixed liquor；Institute
It is the one kind in glucose, fructose, starch, agricultural crop straw and pericarp to state biomass carbon source；
(2) combustion fluid is prepared：To incendiary agent, oxidant and foaming agent is added in the mixed liquor of charcoal source, stir, obtain combustion fluid；
The incendiary agent is the one kind in citric acid, glycine and urea, and the oxidant is salpeter solution, sulfuric acid solution, permanganic acid
One kind in potassium and sodium hypochlorite, the foaming agent is in hydrogenperoxide steam generator, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate and sodium acid carbonate
Kind；
(3) combustion fluid is calcined 10-90 minutes at a temperature of 150-450 DEG C, then is warming up to 500-800 DEG C, calcining 10-300
Minute, room temperature is naturally cooled to, obtain initial stage Carbon Materials；
(4) initial stage Carbon Materials are washed：First it is washed with deionized initial stage Carbon Materials, then with absolute ethanol washing initial stage Carbon Materials,
Initial stage Carbon Materials after being washed；
(5) the initial stage Carbon Materials after washing are dried, described biomass carbon material is obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step (1), biomass carbon source is 2-5 with the mass ratio of charcoal source mixed liquor：10.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
After the agricultural crop straw and pericarp dry naturally, then crushed 100-120 mesh sieves.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step (2), biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of incendiary agent：0.01-0.5；
The biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of potassium permanganate or sodium hypochlorite:0.001-0.5；
Charcoal source mixed liquor is 1 with the volume ratio of salpeter solution or sulfuric acid solution:0.01-0.5；
The biomass carbon source is 1 with the mass ratio of sodium fluoride or sodium carbonate or sodium acid carbonate:0.001-0.5；
Charcoal source mixed liquor is 1 with the volume ratio of hydrogenperoxide steam generator:0.01-0.5.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The mass fraction of the salpeter solution is 30%-65%, and the mass fraction of the hydrogenperoxide steam generator is 20%-40%,
The mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 50-98%.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The step (4) also includes：It is washed with deionized after initial stage Carbon Materials 3-4 times, then initial stage charcoal 1-2 is washed with acetone
Secondary material, uses absolute ethanol washing initial stage Carbon Materials 3-4 times again afterwards.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step (5), dry temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and drying time is 10-15 hours.
8. a kind of biomass carbon material, it is characterised in that made according to the preparation method described in claim 1-7 any one
Biomass carbon material.
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| CN107640767A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-30 | 武汉工程大学 | One kind is used for cheap porous carbon materials of high-performance super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112136552B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-12-17 | 华中农业大学 | Porous wall matrix block and preparation method thereof |
| CN113023708B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2023-10-27 | 云南大学 | Method for separating and extracting carbon dots from biomass combustion smoke dust and functionalization thereof |
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