CN106828400B - Commercial vehicle active control anti-collision mechanism capable of protecting pedestrians and vehicles at multiple angles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a commercial vehicle tail anti-collision device, and discloses a commercial vehicle active control anti-collision mechanism for protecting pedestrians and vehicles at multiple angles, which has multiple anti-collision functions, can actively control the parameters of the mechanism to reduce the damage of the collision to the vehicles and the pedestrians, absorbs the impact energy when the vehicles collide with the rear by utilizing the cooperation of a spring and a damper, and actively controls the collisions at different positions, thereby reducing the damage of the rear collision of the vehicles to the vehicles and passengers; meanwhile, the camera and the radar which are installed on the mechanism can realize active control of the spring damper through an electric control system, the damage caused by impact is reduced to the maximum extent through actively adjusting the parameters of the spring and the damper, the radar and the camera are matched to work by utilizing multiple driving modes, pedestrians, particularly children, buildings, vehicles and the like are protected, and safe driving is realized.

Description

Commercial vehicle active control anti-collision mechanism capable of protecting pedestrians and vehicles at multiple angles

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to active safety of a commercial vehicle, which is used for an anti-collision mechanism for protecting pedestrians and vehicles during the driving process of the commercial vehicle.

Technical background:

in the world, more than 50 thousands of people die of the traffic accidents every year, 1000 thousands of people are injured in the traffic accidents, at least one person dies of the traffic accidents every minute on average, along with the continuous development of the economic society of China, the yield and the holding capacity of the commercial vehicles are continuously increased, the development and traffic management of roads are relatively lagged behind, the occurrence rate of the traffic accidents is increased year by year, and the rear-end accidents of the commercial vehicles account for a large proportion; the commercial vehicle, especially a truck, has a high vehicle body height and a long vehicle body length, while the passenger vehicle has a relatively low vehicle body height, and when the vehicle is in a rear-end collision accident, the passenger vehicle is easy to dig into the bottom of the commercial vehicle to generate serious consequences, and even if a common protective device is additionally arranged, the maximum protective effect caused by collision at different positions is difficult to realize; meanwhile, the dead zone of the tail of the commercial vehicle to a driver is large, so that the collision between pedestrians and buildings sometimes occurs during driving, and the current anti-collision device of the commercial vehicle still uses a passive and safe anti-collision structure all the time. In view of this, it is imperative to develop an active safety device for commercial vehicles.

There are many commercial vehicle anticollision mechanisms, but most of the patents published at home and abroad at present are passive and safe anticollision devices. Patent CN 205524103U is to provide a bumper on the rear of a heavy vehicle for impact absorption, which is to prevent the small vehicle from entering the rear of the heavy vehicle, so as to prevent the small vehicle from entering the rear of the heavy vehicle and causing serious personnel and vehicle loss, and to absorb impact and reduce the impact strength. The idea of this patent is better, belong to passive safe category, the analysis of the rear-end collision accident takes place for commercial car and the summary to the commercial car accident, the anticollision institution of a commercial car initiative safety is proposed, the main aim at of this mechanism adopts the mode of four kinds of driving modes to come the monitoring to the situation of traveling of vehicle under various road conditions, and make the analysis to the accident that probably takes place, the harm of collision is reduced to the rigidity and the damping parameter of active control anticollision institution, realize the multi-angle to pedestrian especially children, the vehicle is protected, can also realize simultaneously that driver's afterbody does not have the blind area and turns to the driving, but greatly reduced is to the collision of pedestrian and building.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides an anti-collision mechanism applied to a commercial vehicle for protecting pedestrians and vehicles, which can actively reduce the damage of collisions to the pedestrians and vehicles and provide a safer driving environment for the commercial vehicle.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

an active control anti-collision mechanism of a commercial vehicle for protecting pedestrians and vehicles from multiple angles is characterized by comprising a magnetorheological fluid damper, an electric control spring, a mechanical spring, an anti-collision beam, a single-chip microcomputer electric control system, a radar system, a camera and a slidable tail cross beam; wherein the magnetorheological fluid damper is connected with the electric control spring and is mutually matched in work; the anti-collision beam is used for receiving external impact; the singlechip electric control system is used for receiving effective pedestrian and vehicle information acquired by the radar and the camera so as to control the damping of the magnetorheological fluid damper and the rigidity of the electric control spring; the slidable tail boom is used to mount the spring and carry the load.

The anti-collision mechanism comprises a tail cross beam, two magnetorheological fluid dampers capable of realizing multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment, and two electric control springs matched with the magnetorheological fluid dampers for use, wherein the two electric control springs are transversely and bilaterally symmetrically embedded into the tail cross beam, one ends of the two electric control springs are fixed in the tail cross beam, the other ends of the two electric control springs are hinged with a pulley, and the pulley is simultaneously hinged with one end of the magnetorheological fluid damper to realize the matching use of the two electric control springs; when collision occurs, the rigidity of the electric control spring is minimum in the process that the compression distance of the electric control spring is smaller than 30 mm, and the damping of the damper is maximum, when the compression distance of the electric control spring is larger than or equal to 30 mm, the rigidity of the electric control spring starts to be gradually increased, and the damping of the damper starts to be gradually reduced, so that the electric control spring can move towards the compression direction due to the rapid change of the stress angle of the damper, and the strong impact time is prolonged.

In the technical scheme, the anti-collision beam is of a rigid structure, the outer surface of the anti-collision beam is attached with a rubber material, the middle point of the upper end of the inner side of the anti-collision beam is fixedly provided with the mechanical spring, so that the anti-collision beam can move in multiple directions, and meanwhile, the mechanical spring can reduce the cost of the mechanism; the lower extreme is provided with two hinged-support, with hinged joint magnetic current liquid change attenuator, and the anticollision roof beam outside is used for installing camera and radar.

In the technical scheme, two ends of the slidable tail cross beam are provided with one section of sliding rail, the two ends of the slidable tail cross beam are symmetrical in structure, and the left end and the right end of the slidable tail cross beam are respectively embedded into the sliding rails and can move transversely.

In the technical scheme, three cameras are adopted and are respectively arranged at three different positions outside an anti-collision beam, one camera is arranged near the middle position of the anti-collision beam, the other two cameras are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the anti-collision beam, and the three mounting positions are horizontally collinear; in the driving process of the automobile, the pedestrian and the building information on the left side of the tail part, the middle of the tail part and the right side of the tail part can be respectively collected, the information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer electric control system, meanwhile, the three cameras can also transmit the three real-time images on the left side of the tail part, the middle of the tail part and the right side of the tail part of the automobile, which mainly affect the driving visual field of a driver, to a cab, and the blind area of the tail part of the commercial automobile is eliminated, so that the collision of the pedestrian, particularly children and other vehicles is avoided when the driver backs or turns.

In the technical scheme, 1 radar is adopted and arranged at the middle position of the outer side of the anti-collision beam, the radar is mainly used for measuring the distance and the relative speed between a tail vehicle and the vehicle when the vehicle runs, and data obtained by the radar only needs to be used as a basis for controlling the camera switch, the rigidity of the electric control spring and the damping size of the magnetorheological fluid damper and does not need to be transmitted to a cab.

The radar and the camera are matched for use in the technical scheme and are divided into four working modes, namely a highway driving working mode, a national road or provincial road working mode, a city or country and other relatively complex road conditions working modes and a reversing working mode; when the vehicle is in a highway driving mode, when the distance between the vehicle and the tail part of the vehicle is less than or equal to 3 meters after the radar detects that the relative speed is greater than or equal to 20 kilometers per hour, the camera starts to work, otherwise, the camera does not work, so that the loss of the electric energy of the vehicle can be reduced; when the vehicle is in a national road or provincial road running mode, the vehicle speed is lower when the vehicle runs at a relatively high speed, the camera starts to work when the distance between the vehicle and the tail part of the vehicle is less than or equal to 2 meters after the vehicle is measured by a radar and the relative vehicle speed is greater than or equal to 10 kilometers per hour, otherwise, the camera does not work, so that the energy conservation of the vehicle is facilitated; when the vehicle is in an urban or rural mode, because the road condition is complex, the radar and the camera are all started, and the picture acquired by the camera is transmitted to the driver for reference when driving, so that the pedestrian is prevented from being injured or the bicycle or other vehicles are prevented from being impacted; when the vehicle is in a reversing working mode, the camera and the radar are all opened and are used for protecting pedestrians, vehicles and buildings.

The technical scheme includes that 3 cameras collect vehicle information of different positions of the tail of a vehicle, when the distance between a rear vehicle and a front vehicle is measured by a radar under 3 modes and is smaller than or equal to 1 m, the position of the tail vehicle is judged according to the area of the tail vehicle collected by each camera, and when the rear-end vehicle is located at the middle position of the tail of a commercial vehicle, the rigidity and the damping of a left electric control spring, a right electric control spring and a damper are controlled to be consistent; when the rear-end collision vehicle is positioned on the left side of the tail of the commercial vehicle, the left spring stiffness and the damper damping are rapidly increased from small to large along with collision, and the right spring stiffness and the damper damping are always kept at the maximum values, so that the buffering effect of the left collision can be effectively improved, and the collision hazard is reduced; when the rear-end collision vehicle is positioned on the right side of the tail of the commercial vehicle, the right spring stiffness and the damper damping are rapidly increased from small to large along with collision, and the left spring stiffness and the damper damping are always kept at the maximum values, so that the buffering effect of right collision can be effectively improved, and the collision hazard is reduced; at the moment, the rigidity and the damping of the electric control spring and the damper at the left end and the right end are not consistent.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1, the existing commercial vehicle anti-collision mechanism can only reduce the collision by the energy absorption of anti-collision materials or structures, the invention adopts a spring and a damper to absorb the collision energy and buffer the collision strength, the active control of rear-end collisions at the left position, the middle position and the right position can be realized, and the spring and the damper are applied to the device while the advantage of energy absorption of materials is fully utilized; meanwhile, due to the randomness of collision, when the vehicle collides at different positions, the spring dampers act synergistically to minimize the damage of the vehicle caused by collision, and the commercial vehicle can be powerfully protected against pedestrians and buildings.

2, through installing camera and radar additional, and adopt magnetorheological suspensions attenuator and automatically controlled spring that can realize active control, because the damping of magnetorheological suspensions attenuator and the rigidity adjustment of automatically controlled spring are rapid, when taking place the impact in the twinkling of an eye, can realize the ideal effect that crashproof structure will reach better, take place the damping of the in-process initiative change mechanism that finishes in the collision simultaneously, rigidity and structure atress direction, furthest slowly reduce the impact, look like a simple commercial car anticollision institution, but actually have more function of playing a great role to driver's driving, the structure is comparatively simple, collision and the security of driving have effectively been improved.

3, through setting up four kinds of driving mode, the driver can easily adjust different driving mode, both can alleviate the driver and meet the driving difficulty of complicated road conditions, can realize the protection of pedestrian especially children, building and vehicle under various road conditions again to realize the energy-concerving and environment-protective of car.

4, vehicle and pedestrian's information through realizing gathering commercial car afterbody in real time can make the driver easily realize turning the turn around.

Description of the drawings:

the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a view of the structure of the tail beam with a slideway of the invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of an impact beam of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of the invention after installation.

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of the invention in normal operation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the tail cross beam with the slideway.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic top view of the inventive mechanism.

In the drawings, 1, an impact beam; 2, fixing a support by using an anti-collision beam spring; 3, a right-end camera; 4, connecting a hinged support of the damper; 5, radar; 6, a mechanical spring; 7, a magnetorheological fluid damper; 8, a tail cross beam to which the belt slides; 9, a pull rod for connecting the tail cross beam with the frame; 10, a frame; 11, a hinged support connected with the pull rod is arranged on the tail cross beam; 12, a hinged support of an electric control spring is connected in the slideway of the tail cross beam; 13, a slideway of the pulley; 14, bolt holes fixedly connected with the frame; 15, a camera in the middle; 16, a right-end camera; 17, a tail schematic diagram of the commercial vehicle; 18, a vehicle on the left side of the tail part of the commercial vehicle is driven; 19, a tail middle vehicle when the commercial vehicle runs; 20, a vehicle on the right side of the tail part of the commercial vehicle is driven; 21, a pulley embedded in the slideway; 22, an electrically controlled spring; and 23, fixing a support by a tail cross beam spring.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, a rear cross member 8 with a slideway connects an articulated support 11 with a frame 10 of a commercial vehicle through a hinge, and four fixing mounting holes 14 are reserved at the upper end to fixedly connect the articulated support with the frame 1 through bolts, so that the rear cross member 8 shown in fig. 2 is fixed with the frame 1 and is integrated with the frame. The tail beam 8 can make two small pulleys 21 freely slide in the slideway 13, and one end of each of two electric control springs 22 is connected with the hinged support 12 in the slideway, and one end of each electric control spring is hinged with one small pulley 21. The other spring 6 is fixed to a spring fixing support 23 of the cross beam.

Referring to fig. 2, the outer side of the anti-collision beam is provided with a left camera 3, a middle camera 15, a right camera 16 and a radar 5, and the inner side of the anti-collision beam is provided with a support 2 mounted with a spring and a support 4 mounted with a damper. The tail beam 8 of fig. 1 is connected with the anti-collision beam 1 of fig. 2 through a spring 6 and a damper 7, the two magnetorheological fluid dampers 7 are respectively connected with a pulley 21 and a hinged support 12 of the anti-collision beam through hinges, and a fixed spring is fixedly connected with a spring support 2 of the anti-collision beam through a spring support 23 of the tail beam, so that a buffer mechanism with elastic property and damping property is formed.

Referring to fig. 3, the overall installation diagram shows that when the impact beam is impacted, the impact force is transmitted to the mechanical spring 6 and the damper 7, and the damper is hinged with the pulley 21 and the electric control spring 22, so that the spring and the damper can be realized, and a plurality of buffer mechanisms of the damper can buffer the impact, and the damage to the vehicle and people caused by the instant impact is reduced to the maximum extent.

Referring to fig. 4, in the driving process of the commercial vehicle, the left camera 3, the middle camera 15, the right camera 16 and the radar 5 can monitor information of vehicles, pedestrians and buildings at the tail in real time, so that a driver can know road information of the tail, meanwhile, the monitoring information of three areas can be transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer electric control system, if a vehicle 19 about to have a rear-end collision is located in the middle of the commercial vehicle, the electric control system receives the signal and controls the electric control springs and the dampers at the left side and the right side to start working, and at the moment, the rigidity and the damping of the electric control springs and the dampers at the left end and the right end are changed to the same size; if the impending collision is positioned on two sides of the anti-collision beam, the electric control system controls the rigidity and the damping of the electric control springs and the dampers on the two sides to change differently. The left side collides, the rigidity and damping value of the left side are smaller than those of the right side, and the change is larger.

Referring to fig. 5, the assembly diagram of the tail beam with the slideway is a schematic diagram of the structure after the mechanical spring 6, the damper 7 and the pulley 21 are installed, and in the structure, the mechanical spring 6 and the damper 7 have a certain included angle and are not coplanar with the tail beam 8.

Referring to fig. 6, a top view of the inventive mechanism is shown, which in combination with fig. 3 and 5 clearly shows the spatial structure of the mechanism.

Claims (2)

1. An active control anti-collision mechanism of a commercial vehicle for protecting pedestrians and vehicles from multiple angles is characterized by comprising a magnetorheological fluid damper, an electric control spring, a mechanical spring, an anti-collision beam, a single-chip microcomputer electric control system, a radar system, a camera and a slidable tail cross beam; the magnetorheological fluid damper is connected with the electric control spring and is matched with the electric control spring in work, two magnetorheological fluid dampers capable of achieving multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment and two electric control springs matched with the magnetorheological fluid damper are used, the two electric control springs are transversely and bilaterally symmetrically embedded into the tail cross beam, one ends of the two electric control springs are fixed inside the tail cross beam, the other ends of the two electric control springs are hinged with the pulley, and the pulley is hinged with one end of the magnetorheological fluid damper simultaneously to achieve the matching use of the two electric control springs, so that the anti-collision mechanism can achieve a multi-angle anti-collision function and can generate different anti-collision effects when collision is carried out at different angles; when collision occurs, the rigidity of the electric control spring is minimum and the damping of the damper is maximum in the process that the compression distance of the electric control spring is less than 30 millimeters, when the compression distance of the electric control spring is greater than or equal to 30 millimeters, the rigidity of the electric control spring begins to be gradually increased, and the damping of the damper begins to be gradually reduced, so that the electric control spring can move towards the compression direction due to the rapid change of the stress angle of the damper, and the strong impact time is prolonged; the anti-collision beam is used for receiving external impact, the interior of the anti-collision beam is of a rigid structure, rubber materials are attached to the outer surface of the anti-collision beam, the mechanical spring is fixedly mounted at the middle point of the upper end of the inner side of the anti-collision beam, the anti-collision beam can move in multiple directions, two hinged supports are arranged at the lower end of the anti-collision beam, the magnetorheological damper is connected through a hinge, and a camera and a radar are mounted on the outer side of the anti-collision beam; the singlechip electric control system is used for receiving effective pedestrian and vehicle information acquired by the radar and the camera so as to control the damping of the magnetorheological fluid damper and the rigidity of the electric control spring; the slidable tail cross beam is used for mounting the springs and bearing load, two ends of the slidable tail cross beam are respectively provided with a section of sliding rail, the two ends of the slidable tail cross beam are symmetrical in structure, and the two electric control springs at the left end and the right end are respectively embedded into the sliding rails and can transversely move; the magnetorheological fluid damper and the electric control spring are used for increasing the buffering during collision, increasing the collision time, reducing the collision acceleration and converting the collision process of the rear-end collision commercial vehicle of the passenger vehicle from a rigid process into a flexible process; when the distance between a rear vehicle and a front vehicle is measured by a radar to be less than or equal to 1 m in 3 modes, the position of a tail vehicle is judged according to the area of the tail vehicle collected by each camera, and when the rear-end vehicle is located at the middle position of the tail of the commercial vehicle, the rigidity and the damping of a left electric control spring, a right electric control spring and a damper are controlled to be consistent; when the vehicle which will collide with the rear is positioned on the left side or the right side of the tail of the commercial vehicle, the rigidity and the damping of the electric control spring and the damper at the left end and the right end are inconsistent.

2. The active control collision avoidance mechanism for commercial vehicles for protecting pedestrians and vehicles from multiple angles as claimed in claim 1, wherein three cameras are adopted and respectively installed at three different positions outside the collision avoidance beam, one of which is installed near the middle position of the collision avoidance beam, the other two of which are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the collision avoidance beam, and the three installation positions are horizontally collinear; in the running process of the automobile, the information of vehicles, pedestrians and buildings on the left side of the tail part, the middle of the tail part and the right side of the tail part can be respectively collected and transmitted to the single chip microcomputer electric control system, and meanwhile, the three cameras can also realize the transmission of three real-time pictures which mainly affect the driving visual field of a driver on the left side of the tail part, the middle of the tail part and the right side of the tail part of the vehicle to a cab, so that a blind area of the tail part of the commercial vehicle is eliminated, and the collision of the drivers on the pedestrians and other vehicles is avoided when the drivers back up or turn; the method is characterized in that 1 radar is arranged at the middle position of the outer side of an anti-collision beam and mainly used for measuring the distance and the relative speed between a tail vehicle and the vehicle when the vehicle runs, and data obtained by the radar only needs to be used as a basis for controlling the camera switch, the rigidity of an electric control spring and the damping of a magnetorheological fluid damper and does not need to be transmitted to a cab; the radar and the camera are matched for use and are divided into four working modes, namely a highway driving working mode, a national road or provincial road working mode, an urban or rural working mode and a reversing working mode; when the vehicle is in a highway driving mode, when the distance between the vehicle and the tail part of the vehicle is less than or equal to 3 meters after the radar detects that the relative speed is greater than or equal to 20 kilometers per hour, the camera starts to work, otherwise, the camera does not work, so that the loss of the electric energy of the vehicle can be reduced; when the vehicle is in a national road or provincial road running mode, the vehicle speed is lower when the vehicle runs at a relatively high speed, the distance between the vehicle and the tail part of the vehicle after being measured by the radar is less than or equal to 2 meters, and the relative vehicle speed is greater than or equal to 10 kilometers per hour, the camera starts to work, otherwise, the camera does not work, so that the energy conservation of the vehicle is facilitated; when the vehicle is in the urban or rural mode, the radar and the camera are all started due to the complex road condition, and the picture acquired by the camera is transmitted to the driver for reference when driving, so that the pedestrian is prevented from being injured or the bicycle or other vehicles are prevented from being impacted; when the vehicle is in a reversing working mode, the camera and the radar are all opened and are used for protecting pedestrians, vehicles and buildings; the 3 cameras collect the vehicle information of different positions of the tail part of the vehicle.

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