CN106828125A - Permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system and its control method - Google Patents
Permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106828125A CN106828125A CN201611258254.9A CN201611258254A CN106828125A CN 106828125 A CN106828125 A CN 106828125A CN 201611258254 A CN201611258254 A CN 201611258254A CN 106828125 A CN106828125 A CN 106828125A
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- Prior art keywords
- ultracapacitor
- power
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- powering system
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes that a kind of permanent-magnet electric drives vehicle powering system and its control method; it is adjusted by the state-of-charge to ultracapacitor; with the sufficiently effective power back-off for realizing ultracapacitor to generator; it is then based on the state-of-charge of ultracapacitor; reference current to ultracapacitor is optimized; to improve the utilization rate of ultracapacitor, the amplitude and fluctuation range of dynamo current are effectively reduced, and then protect generator.
Description
Technical field
Vehicle power supply technique field is driven the present invention relates to permanent-magnet electric, is driven more particularly, to a kind of permanent-magnet electric
Vehicle powering system and its control method.
Background technology
Due to the increasingly intensification of the increasingly serious and energy crisis of environmental pollution, hybrid vehicle relies on its energy-conservation, ring
The advantage of guarantor has been developed as a kind of inexorable trend.The theoretical core of hybrid vehicle environmental protection and energy saving is to utilize energy-storage system
Duty requirements power is carried out " peak load shifting ", kinetic energy during braking is reclaimed so that whole dynamical system is in hgher efficiency.In the past
More than ten years in, hybrid vehicle (HEV) has obtained good development in commercial and civilian.
Even so, the performance of hybrid vehicle and being still not reaching to the biography with natural gas as power source using scope
System automobile.The reason for causing this problem is that energy-storage system of accumulator specific power is relatively low, cycle life is short, is mainly reflected in HEV
In instantaneous starting and acceleration, battery is difficult to meet load high power density demand and the energy in fast braking is fully returned
Receive, so as to limit the fast development of HEV.For this reason, it is necessary to increase accessory power supply to provide peak power and quick recovery system
Energy.Ultracapacitor is by its high-specific-power and has extended cycle life without suspected of optimal selection, by battery and super capacitor
Device is used in mixed way composition composite power source, can give full play to both intrinsic advantages, while limiting single power supply to greatest extent
Deficiency, will greatly improve the efficiency of HEV energy-storage systems.
For above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of sef-adapting filter is provided in Chinese patent CN201410080123.0
The hybrid electric vehicle composite power source and method of power dividing control, the composite power source are made up of battery and ultracapacitor, are
Give full play to that ultracapacitor specific power is big and the big advantage of battery specific energy, while in order to be sailed according to hybrid electric vehicle
The change of operating mode is dispatched ultracapacitor and carries out power back-off to battery in time, is added between battery and ultracapacitor
One DC/DC converter, by controlling the conducting and shut-off of DC/DC converter switches pipes, so as to realize battery and super electricity
The reasonable distribution of power between container.
Although it solves the problems, such as the reasonable distribution of power between battery and ultracapacitor, it is electromechanical due to generating electricity
The amplitude of stream and fluctuation, cause the utilization rate of ultracapacitor relatively low, when dynamo current is excessive, it is easy to cause generator
It is impaired.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of permanent-magnet electric and drives vehicle powering system and its control method, to solve existing permanent-magnet electric
Vehicle powering system dynamo current amplitude and the low technology of the larger caused ultracapacitor utilization ratio of fluctuation is driven to ask
Topic.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of permanent-magnet electric drives vehicle powering system, including：It is generator, super
Level capacitor, DC current transformers and power bus, the generator is connected with the power bus, and the ultracapacitor passes through
The DC current transformers are electrically connected with the power bus.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the rectification being connected with the generator output end is equiped with the power bus
Device and the rectifier output end dc bus for connecting and the inverter being connected with the dc bus, the DC current transformers
Output end is connected and in parallel with the rectifier with the dc bus.
Present invention also offers the control method that a kind of permanent-magnet electric drives vehicle powering system, it is comprised the following steps：
Based on motor demand power, the time constant of low pass filter is adjusted, to obtain mean power and the load of load demand power
The peak power of demand power；
Ultracapacitor provides the peak power of load demand power；Generator provides the average work(of load demand power
Rate.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the acquisition methods of the time constant of the low pass filter include,
The operating current and the corrective current of ultracapacitor of reference current, ultracapacitor based on ultracapacitor,
To obtain the time constant of low pass filter.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the reference current acquisition methods of the ultracapacitor are comprised the following steps：
Model is adjusted based on electric capacity reference voltage, to obtain the reference voltage of ultracapacitor；
The reference voltage of operating voltage and ultracapacitor according to ultracapacitor, to obtain the reference of ultracapacitor
Electric current.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the electric capacity reference voltage adjustment model expression is：
Wherein, Uuc-refThe reference voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,The minimum output voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,The maximum output voltage of ultracapacitor is represented, v represents the speed of service of automobile；vmaxIt is the maximum operational speed of automobile.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the minimum output voltage of the ultracapacitorAnd ultracapacitor
Obtaining step include：
Based on object function
Constraints：
And
Wherein, 0<i<1,0<j<1,Expression generator maximum current,The maximum current of ultracapacitor is represented,The maximum fluctuation amplitude of dynamo current is represented,The maximum voltage of ultracapacitor is represented, T is run time, τ tables
Show the time constant of low pass filter；α, β are balance coefficient, and t represents time variable, IGRepresent the electric current of generator, IMRepresent negative
The electric current of load, Uuc-refRepresent the reference voltage of ultracapacitor, UucRepresent the operating voltage of ultracapacitor, CucRepresent super
The electric capacity of capacitor,Represent the maximum fluctuation amplitude of dynamo current.
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the reference voltage U based on ultracapacitoruc-ref, to obtain the electric current of generator
IGWith the electric current I of ultracapacitoruc, iteration substitute into optimization object function, obtain ultracapacitor during object function minimum value
Reference current Iuc-ref。
On the basis of such scheme preferably, the optimization object function expression formula is：
γ is balance coefficient in formula, and it is defined as
The application proposes that a kind of permanent-magnet electric drives the control method of vehicle powering system, by the lotus to ultracapacitor
Electricity condition is adjusted, and with the sufficiently effective power back-off for realizing ultracapacitor to generator, is then based on super capacitor
The state-of-charge of device, the reference current to ultracapacitor is optimized, and to improve the utilization rate of ultracapacitor, is effectively reduced
The amplitude and fluctuation range of dynamo current, and then protect generator.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of permanent-magnet electric of the invention drives vehicle powering system；
Fig. 2 is the control principle drawing that a kind of permanent-magnet electric of the invention drives vehicle powering system；
Fig. 3 is the acquisition schematic diagram of the electric current of ultracapacitor of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.Hereinafter implement
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, vehicle powering system is driven the invention provides a kind of permanent-magnet electric, it includes：Generator,
Ultracapacitor, DC current transformers and power bus, generator are connected with power bus, and ultracapacitor is by the DC unsteady flows
Device is electrically connected with power bus.
Wherein, the rectifier that is connected with generator output end is equiped with power bus of the invention and the rectifier is defeated
The inverter for going out the dc bus of end connection and being connected with dc bus, the output end of DC current transformers is connected with dc bus, and
Make DC current transformers in parallel with rectifier.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2, present invention also offers a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system, its
Including,
Based on motor demand power, the time constant of low pass filter is adjusted, to obtain the average work(of load demand power
The peak power of rate and load demand power；
Ultracapacitor provides the peak power of load demand power；Generator provides the average work(of load demand power
Rate.
During work, generator is main power source, the major impetus needed for providing vehicle in the state of burning voltage；It is super
Level capacitor and DC current transformers composition auxiliary power source, the provided auxiliary power when vehicle is in be started and accelerate.Meanwhile, work as car
In on-position when, ultracapacitor remains able to quick absorption and regeneration braking energy.Magneto determines bus electricity
Pressure, directly to motor and other load output powers, energy conversion efficiency is high；And ultracapacitor is automatic by DC current transformers
Regulation its voltage matches work with generator, is effectively protected generator.Generator is set to be exported in a kind of firm power
Under work, regulating and controlling voltage is more prone to realize.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2, be a kind of method schematic of control permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system of the present invention, i.e.,
Substantial amounts of instantaneous power demands in load are provided using ultracapacitor, regeneration energy during braking are fully reclaimed, so that right
Generator carries out power back-off.But with the proviso that ultracapacitor can be fully utilized, avoid generator to be frequently in as far as possible
The state of high current high voltage operation.From Figure 2 it can be seen that a kind of control method of permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system of the invention
Principle is that load demand power is divided into two parts-peak power P using low pass filterucWith average power PG.Wherein, filter
Ripple device chooses linear low-pass filters, and load demand power P is by obtaining mean power P after low pass filterG, mean power master
To be there is provided by generator；Demand general power and mean power are subtracted each other and can be obtained by peak power Puc, peak power is main
There is provided by ultracapacitor.Can be drawn from the design of energy management structure and its control principle, ultracapacitor is control
The main object of system；In addition, the setting of filter time constant τ is the core of the control method, accordingly, it would be desirable to according to super electricity
The change of container parameters carries out adaptively selected to τ.
Hereinafter will be described in detail the method that the present invention obtains filter time constant τ.
First, the operating voltage U according to ultracapacitorucWith the reference voltage U of ultracapacitoruc-ref, by PI controls
Device is obtaining the reference current I of ultracapacitoruc-ref。
Through the reference current I of ultracapacitoruc-refWith the operating current I of ultracapacitorucCompare, and introduce super electricity
The corrective current I of containeruc-corrAs correction, to obtain the merging electric current of three, adjusted by PI, to obtain filter temporal
Constant, τ.
Wherein, the corrective current I of ultracapacitoruc-corrIt is after introducing operating mode, to obtain the charged of ultracapacitor
State reference value SOCuc-ref, by the state-of-charge reference value SOC of ultracapacitoruc-refWith the state-of-charge of ultracapacitor
SOC compares, and adjusts to obtain the corrective current I of ultracapacitor by PIuc-corr。
, in order to realize making full use of for super wave filter, to improve its utilization ratio, the present invention is to super capacitor for the present invention
The state-of-charge of device is optimized, and specific Optimization Steps are as follows：
First, the instantaneous voltage for defining ultracapacitor is Uuc(t), UucT the expression formula of () is as follows：
Wherein, IucRepresent the operating current of ultracapacitor, CucRepresent the super capacitor quantity of electric charge.
In the course of work, when load motor current is IMT (), works as IM(t)>When 0, explanation system powers to the load again, works as IM
(t)<When 0, illustrate to be supported on to System feeder regenerating braking energy.
The first step, realizes that ultracapacitor carries out power back-off to generator in order to sufficiently effective, and ultracapacitor should
Discharge and recharge is rationally carried out according to operating mode ruuning situation, it is therefore desirable to ultracapacitor state-of-charge (SOCuc) is configured with
Adjustment, and with SOCuc relations most it is close be ultracapacitor operating voltage Uuc.The variation tendency of SOCuc and Uuc is basic
It is identical, so the selection of Uuc-ref parameters directly affects the excursion of SOCuc and Uuc, therefore, SOCuc adjustment can be waited
Effect is the selection and adjustment to Uuc-ref parameters, and optimization problem can be described as follows:
Sets target function：
Constraints：
And
Wherein, 0<i<1,0<j<1,Expression generator maximum current,The maximum current of ultracapacitor is represented,The maximum voltage of ultracapacitor is represented, T is run time, and τ represents the time constant of low pass filter；α, β are balance
Coefficient, t represents time variable, IGRepresent the electric current of generator, IMRepresent the electric current of load, Uuc-refRepresent the ginseng of ultracapacitor
Examine voltage, UucRepresent the operating voltage of ultracapacitor, CucThe electric capacity of ultracapacitor is represented,Represent dynamo current
Maximum fluctuation amplitude.
During adjustment, decision variable as the electric current I of generator is setGThe operating current I of (t), ultracapacitoruc(t)、
The operating voltage U of ultracapacitorucWith the operating voltage U of ultracapacitoruc-ref, the general objective of control principle and optimization design
All it is by the operating voltage U of ultracapacitorucPower back-off is carried out to generator, optimizes electrical power generators process, high current
Changes in amplitude, causes that generator, with constant current mode operation, reduces the generation of harmonic wave as far as possible, therefore, the object function for optimizing here,
The summation of dynamo current is minimized first, then minimizes the summation of dynamo current fluctuation range.
Also just say, first, ask for the electric current I of the generator when the sets target function formula (1) of above-mentioned setting is minimumG
Value, then, with reference to first constraints formula (2) and second constraints (3) asking for the minimum defeated of ultracapacitor
Go out voltageAnd the maximum output voltage of ultracapacitor of the present inventionIt is then according to energy requirement in state of cyclic operation, average
Power demand and peak power requirements are artificial configures.
Wherein, electric capacity reference voltage adjustment formula is：
Wherein, Uuc-refThe reference voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,The minimum output voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,The maximum output voltage of ultracapacitor is represented, v represents the speed of service of automobile；vmaxIt is the maximum operational speed of automobile.
Then, the operating voltage U according to ultracapacitorucWith the reference voltage U of ultracapacitoruc-refCompare, by PI
Adjust to obtain the reference current I of ultracapacitoruc-ref。
Second step, the optimization to dynamo current, the reference voltage U of the ultracapacitor after optimizing in the first stepuc-ref
As the input quantity of optimization, to realize the optimization to dynamo current.
First, design object function is：
Constraints：
γ is balance coefficient in formula, and it is defined as
The object function of the second step differences of individual Uuc (t) and Uuc-ref many compared to the object function of the first step, should
Difference not only reflects the excursion of the operating voltage Uuc of ultracapacitor, while the maximum of ultracapacitor is also presented
Depth of discharge, that is, SOCuc excursion.The parameter of generator and ultracapacitor is according to energy in state of cyclic operation
Demand, average power requirement and peak power requirements are determined come what is configured with the generator for postponing and ultracapacitor parameter
The parameters such as the maximum current of generator, the maximum voltage of ultracapacitor, so as to obtaining the constraints in optimized algorithm.Can
To draw：
The dynamo current that will be obtained, capacitance current iterates substitution object function, in a series of object functions of gained
In numerical value, dynamo current I when making target function value minimum is takenG, capacitance current Iuc, then after optimization now obtained by us
Generator reference current IG-ref, and electric capacity reference current Iuc-ref。
Finally, the present processes are only preferably embodiment, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of permanent-magnet electric drives vehicle powering system, it is characterised in that it includes：Generator, ultracapacitor, DC unsteady flows
Device and power bus, the generator are connected with the power bus, and the ultracapacitor by the DC current transformers with
The power bus are electrically connected with.
2. a kind of permanent-magnet electric as claimed in claim 1 drives vehicle powering system, it is characterised in that it includes：The work(
Be equiped with rate bus the rectifier that is connected with the generator output end and rectifier output end connection dc bus and
The inverter being connected with the dc bus, the output end of the DC current transformers be connected with the dc bus and with the rectification
Device is in parallel.
3. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that its bag
Include,
Based on motor demand power, adjust the time constant of low pass filter, with obtain load demand power mean power and
The peak power of load demand power；
Ultracapacitor provides the peak power of load demand power；Generator provides the mean power of load demand power.
4. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
The acquisition methods of the time constant of low pass filter include,
The operating current and the corrective current of ultracapacitor of reference current, ultracapacitor based on ultracapacitor, to obtain
Take the time constant of low pass filter.
5. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
The reference current acquisition methods of ultracapacitor are comprised the following steps：
Model is adjusted based on electric capacity reference voltage, to obtain the reference voltage of ultracapacitor；
The reference voltage of operating voltage and ultracapacitor according to ultracapacitor, to obtain the reference electricity of ultracapacitor
Stream.
6. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described
Electric capacity reference voltage adjusts model expression：
Wherein, Uuc-refThe reference voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,The minimum output voltage of ultracapacitor is represented,Table
Show the maximum output voltage of ultracapacitor, v represents the speed of service of automobile；vmaxIt is the maximum operational speed of automobile.
7. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described
The minimum output voltage of ultracapacitorAnd ultracapacitorObtaining step include：
Based on object function
Constraints：
And
Wherein, 0<i<1,0<j<1,Expression generator maximum current,The maximum current of ultracapacitor is represented,Table
Show the maximum voltage of ultracapacitor, T is run time, and τ represents the time constant of low pass filter；α, β are balance coefficient, t
Represent time variable, IGRepresent the electric current of generator, IMRepresent the electric current of load, Uuc-refRepresent the reference electricity of ultracapacitor
Pressure, UucRepresent the operating voltage of ultracapacitor, CucThe electric capacity of ultracapacitor is represented,Represent dynamo current most
Great fluctuation process amplitude.
8. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that be based on
The reference voltage U of ultracapacitoruc-ref, to obtain the electric current I of generatorGWith the electric current I of ultracapacitoruc, iteration substitutes into excellent
Change object function, the reference current I of ultracapacitor when obtaining object function minimum valueuc-ref。
9. a kind of method for controlling permanent magnetism driven by power vehicle powering system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described
Optimization object function expression formula is：
γ is balance coefficient in formula, and it is defined asAnd 0≤k≤1.
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Application publication date: 20170613 |