CN106821408B - Scanning method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a scanning method and a scanning device, wherein a reference image is determined according to a scanning protocol and/or information of a patient, a scanning starting position is obtained, scanning is started from the scanning starting position, whether the scanned image has preset characteristics or not is judged in the scanning process, and if yes, scanning is stopped. Therefore, the scanning is finished under the condition that the scanned image has the preset characteristics determined according to the reference image without depending on the subjective experience of people, so that the accuracy of the scanning range can be improved compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic information, and in particular, to a scanning method and apparatus.
Background
Computed Tomography (CT) is a common clinical examination tool at present. A typical CT scan is divided into the following steps: 1. the patient is scanned in position and a plain image is obtained after scanning, as shown in figure 1. 2. The doctor sets a target scanning region on the plain image, and fig. 2 shows the target scanning region set on fig. 1 (a region enclosed by a dotted line). 3. And carrying out CT scanning on the human body range corresponding to the target scanning area by CT to obtain a CT image.
As can be seen from the above process, the scan of each part of the human body is based on the scan region artificially set on the plain film image by the doctor, that is, the determination of the scan range of the affected part of the human body by CT depends on the personal experience of the doctor. Therefore, the scanning area set manually is inevitably error compared with the scanning area actually needed, and as shown in the invalid area in fig. 2, the target scanning area set manually is larger than the scanning area actually needed, so the human body scanning range corresponding to the target scanning area is larger than the range of the affected part actually needed to be scanned, in this case, the patient may be unnecessarily irradiated, and conversely, if the target scanning area set manually is too small, the human body scanning range corresponding to the target scanning area is smaller than the range of the affected part actually needed to be scanned, and the requirement of diagnosis cannot be met.
Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of the scanning range is an urgent problem to be solved at present, aiming at the phenomenon that the scanning range is too large or too small in the existing scanning mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a scanning method and a scanning device, and aims to solve the problem of how to improve the accuracy of a scanning range.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a method of scanning, comprising:
determining a reference image according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient;
acquiring a scanning starting position;
and starting scanning from the scanning starting position, and stopping scanning when the scanned image has preset characteristics, wherein the preset characteristics are set according to the reference image.
Optionally, the starting position of the acquisition scan includes:
acquiring a plain film image;
receiving parameters of a target scanning area input on the plain film image;
and acquiring the initial position of scanning according to the parameters of the target scanning area.
Optionally, the starting position of the acquisition scan includes:
and scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp, and taking the positioning points as the starting positions of scanning.
Optionally, the step of scanning the obtained image to have the preset features includes:
the scanned image has at least one of preset CT value characteristics or preset region characteristics.
Optionally, the scanned image has a preset region characteristic, and the method further includes:
and the error between the CT mean value of the region, which is in the first preset range and is similar to the target region selected from the reference image, in the scanned image and the CT mean value of the target region is in a second preset range.
A scanning device, comprising:
a determining module for determining a reference image according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient;
the starting position acquisition module is used for acquiring the scanning starting position;
and the scanning module is used for starting scanning from the scanning starting position, stopping scanning when the scanned image has preset characteristics, and setting the preset characteristics according to the reference image.
Optionally, the starting position acquiring module is configured to acquire a starting position of the scan, and includes:
the initial position obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain a plain film image, receive parameters of a target scanning area input on the plain film image, and obtain a scanning initial position according to the parameters of the target scanning area.
Optionally, the starting position acquiring module is configured to acquire a starting position of the scan, and includes:
the initial position acquisition module is specifically used for scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp, and taking the positioning points as the initial positions of scanning.
Optionally, the determining that the scanned image has the preset features by the scanning module includes:
the scanning module is specifically configured to determine that the scanned image has a preset feature if the scanned image has a preset CT value feature or the scanned image has at least one of preset region features.
Optionally, the scanned image has a preset region characteristic, and the method further includes:
and the error between the CT mean value of the region, which is in the first preset range and is similar to the target region selected from the reference image, in the scanned image and the CT mean value of the target region is in a second preset range.
According to the scanning method and the scanning device, the reference image is determined according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient, the scanning starting position is obtained, scanning is started from the scanning starting position, whether the scanned image has the preset characteristics or not is judged in the scanning process, and if yes, scanning is stopped. Therefore, the scanning is finished under the condition that the scanned image has the preset characteristics determined according to the reference image without depending on the subjective experience of people, so that the accuracy of the scanning range can be improved compared with the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a CT plain image;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art CT plain image with a target scanning area set;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a scanning method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another scanning method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram of a reference image disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of another scanning method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an example of positioning of a position light as disclosed in embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a selected target region in a reference image disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a scanning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a scanning method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application, applied to a scanning device, and including the following steps:
s301: the reference image is determined according to the scanning protocol and/or the patient information.
Patient information may be entered into the scanning device by a physician. For example, the patient information specifies the patient's position (including a head-advanced recumbent position, a foot-advanced recumbent position, a head-advanced left lateral recumbent position, etc.) and the scanning location (including the cranium, lung, heart, etc.).
The scan protocol may be selected or entered by the physician. For example, the scan protocol specifies the scan direction (including entering or exiting the bed).
The reference image may be obtained according to a correspondence (a correspondence between the scanning protocol and/or the patient information and the reference image), wherein the reference image corresponding to the scanning protocol and/or the patient information may be obtained according to the historical scanning image, so as to obtain the correspondence between the scanning protocol and/or the patient information and the reference image.
S302: the start position of the scan is acquired.
S303: starting scanning from the initial position of scanning, judging whether an image (scanning image for short) obtained in the scanning process has preset characteristics or not in the scanning process, and if so, stopping scanning.
Wherein the predetermined feature is set according to the reference image determined in S301. For example, the preset feature may be a CT value feature determined from the reference image, or a similarity feature determined from the reference image. For details, reference may be made to the following examples.
In S302, the start position of the scan can be acquired in different manners, which are described in two different embodiments below.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of another scanning method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:
s401: information is received about a patient.
The patient's information may be entered into the scanning device by a physician. For example, the patient information specifies the patient's position (including a head-advanced recumbent position, a foot-advanced recumbent position, a head-advanced left lateral recumbent position, etc.) and the scanning location (including the cranium, lung, heart, etc.).
S402: a scan protocol is received.
The scan protocol may be selected or entered by the physician. For example, the scan protocol specifies the scan direction (including entering or exiting the bed).
S403: and acquiring a scanning plain film image of the scanning part.
For example, a scanning flatbed is shown in FIG. 1.
S404: parameters of a target scan area input on a scan surview image are received.
In practice, a doctor sets a target scanning area on a scanning plain image, and the scanning equipment can receive parameters of the target scanning area in an existing man-machine interaction mode.
Of course, the patient information and the scanning protocol may be received through the existing man-machine interaction mode, which is not described herein again.
S405: the reference image is determined according to the scanning protocol and/or the patient information.
Specifically, the scanning device may pre-store a corresponding relationship between the scanning protocol and/or the patient information and the reference image, and after obtaining the scanning protocol and the patient information, determine the reference image corresponding to the scanning protocol and/or the patient information according to the corresponding relationship.
For example, the present embodiment is based on two items of scanning protocol and patient information: the scanning protocol specifies that the scanning direction is bed entering and the scanning part is cranium. The patient information specifies that the patient is in the first advanced recumbent position, and then data are found and combined: the reference image corresponding to "entering bed, cranium and head in advanced lying position" is shown in fig. 5.
Of course, the reference image may also be calculated based on the scanning protocol and/or the patient information.
S405 may be executed before S404.
S406: and acquiring a scanning initial position according to the parameters of the target scanning area, and starting to scan the human body range corresponding to the target scanning area.
In the embodiment of the application, if a target scanning area can be obtained by scanning a certain human body range through the scanning device, the human body range is a human body range corresponding to the target scanning area.
S407: during the scanning process, when the scanned image has the preset CT value characteristic, the scanning is stopped.
Wherein, the preset CT value characteristics refer to: the ratio of the sum of the number of the pixels of which the CT value is within the first numerical range and the number of the pixels of which the CT value is within the second numerical range to the total number of the pixels is larger than a first ratio. And the ratio of the number of the pixels of the CT value in the first numerical value range to the total number of the pixels is smaller than a second ratio. The first ratio is greater than the second ratio.
The first numerical range is determined according to the CT value of the target pixel for diagnosis in the reference image, and the second numerical range is determined according to the CT value of the background pixel in the reference image. In the medical image, background pixels are usually pixels formed by air imaging, target pixels are pixels other than the background pixels, for example, pixels formed by imaging bone tissues and pixels formed by imaging adipose tissues, vascular tissues and the like are all target pixels, and in the target pixels, pixels formed by imaging tissues for diagnosis are called target pixels for diagnosis. Different types of CT images have different target pixels for diagnosis. For example, in the scanned image of the cranium shown in fig. 5, the target pixel for diagnosis is a pixel formed by imaging bone tissue.
Specifically, in fig. 5, the white region is a region corresponding to bone tissue, and the black region is a region corresponding to air (in fig. 5, the target pixel includes only a target pixel for diagnosis). In general, the pixel points with the CT value greater than 400 are set as the pixel points of the bone tissue region (i.e., the target pixels for diagnosis), and the pixel points with the CT value of-1000 are set as the pixel points of the air region (i.e., the background pixels). The method comprises the steps of obtaining the CT value of each pixel point in an image obtained by scanning, putting the pixel points with the CT value larger than 400 (namely the pixel points with the CT value within a first numerical value range) into a set A, and putting the pixel points with the CT value of-1000 (namely the pixel points with the CT value within a second numerical value range) into a set B, and stopping scanning when the sum of the pixel points of the set A and the set B in the scanned image is larger than 95% of the total number of the pixel points (namely a first proportion) and the number of the pixel points in the set A is smaller than 20% of the total number of the pixel points (namely a second proportion) in the scanning process, namely the scanning is finished. It should be noted that, the above example only illustrates the method for determining the similarity between the scanned image and the reference image according to the CT value by taking the scanned image of the craniocerebral region as an example, in the actual scanning, the scanned region may not be the craniocerebral but other tissues such as the liver, and for the reference images of different tissues, the first value and the second value may be different, and the first ratio and the second ratio may also be different. The first numerical value, the second numerical value, the first proportion and the second proportion can be set according to the characteristics of reference images of different tissues.
As can be seen from the process shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the start position of the scanning range is set manually, the end position of the scanning range is determined according to the similarity between the scanned image and the preset CT value characteristic, and the preset CT value characteristic is set according to the reference image, i.e. the end position of the scanning is not set manually, but is based on the objective characteristic of the scanned image, so that compared with the prior art, the method shown in fig. 4 can improve the accuracy of the scanning range.
Fig. 6 is another scanning method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, and the difference from the method of fig. 4 is that the target scanning area set on the flat sheet is not needed, but the projection point of the start lamp on the scanning device is used as the reference for starting the scanning. Fig. 6 includes the following steps:
s601: information is received about a patient.
Patient information can be found in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and will not be described in detail here.
S602: a scan protocol is received.
The scanning protocol may refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and is not described in detail here.
S603: the reference image is determined according to the scanning protocol and/or the patient information.
S604: and scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp by taking the positioning points as initial positions.
As shown in fig. 7, the doctor can put the patient in a proper position in advance so that the light emitted from the positioning lamp is positioned at the starting position of the portion to be scanned. It should be noted that fig. 7 is only an example, and actually, the applicable scenario of fig. 7 is "bed entering, cranium and head advanced recumbent position". Different scenes are adopted, the doctor has different positions for the patient, and the position relation between the scanning lamp and the patient is also different. As with the process shown in fig. 4, the scenario is determined by the patient's information and the scanning protocol.
S605: in the scanning process, if a region (for convenience of explanation, referred to as a similar region) with a similarity value within a preset range with the feature region in the reference image is found in the scanned image, the scanning is stopped.
Namely: selecting a characteristic region from the reference image, searching a region with the similarity to the characteristic region within a preset range in the scanned image by a preset similarity algorithm, and if the region is found, stopping scanning.
The preset similarity algorithm may be an algorithm for calculating similarity by a squared difference of the regions.
The selection of the feature region is determined according to the characteristics of the reference images of different scanning parts, and preferably, a region capable of obviously identifying the features of the reference images can be selected from the reference images as the feature region. For example, a spinal canal image of the neck, a partial bone tissue region is selected as the characteristic region.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the square difference of the white square regions (region 1 and region 2) in fig. 8 is calculated, then the square differences of the respective regions in the scanned image are calculated, and if a region having a difference X from the square difference of region 1 of 0< ═ X < ═ 1 and a region having a difference X from the square difference of region 2 of 0< ═ X < ═ 1 can be found in the scanned region, it is considered that a region having a similarity value with the feature region in the reference image within a preset range is found in the scanned image.
Further, in order to improve the matching accuracy of the feature region in the scanned image and the feature region in the reference image, after the similar region is found in the scanned image, the error of the CT values of the feature region and the similar region is determined, and if the difference between the CT mean values of the feature region and the similar region is within a second preset range, the scanning process is stopped.
Taking fig. 8 as an example, after finding the similar region to the feature region in the reference image in the scanned image, calculating the average CT value of the similar region in the scanned image, and then comparing with the average CT value of the feature region in the reference image, if the error of the average CT value is within a certain range, for example, the difference between the two CT values is [ -10, 10], then the feature region in the reference image is considered to be correctly identified in the scanned image, i.e., all the feature regions in fig. 8 are successfully matched, and the scanning is stopped.
As can be seen from the process shown in fig. 6, the start position of scanning is set directly by using the positioning lamp on the scanning device without acquiring a plain film image, which not only can improve the accuracy of the scanning range, but also can further reduce the radiation exposure to the patient and reduce the consumption of the radiation source of the scanning device. Further, since it is not necessary to set a target scanning region, the workload of the doctor can be reduced.
In addition, determining the starting position of the scan using the surview image requires that the patient maintain the same position and posture during the first time of the surview scan and the second time of the scan of the target region, i.e., the patient remains stationary (e.g., hold his breath, keep his body stationary, etc.) from the start of the first scan to the end of the second scan. Once the position or posture of the patient changes, the image of the target area obtained by the second scan may be deviated.
The process shown in fig. 6 does not need to determine the starting position of the scan according to the target scanning area, so that the scanning result is not affected even if the patient does not remain still during the scanning process.
It should be noted that the manner of determining the stop scanning, which is respectively used in fig. 4 and fig. 6, may be referred to each other, and may be used instead, for example, the manner of finding the similar area of the reference image in the scanned image in fig. 4 is used as the basis for the stop scanning.
Fig. 9 is a scanning apparatus, which can be applied to a CT apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and includes: the device comprises a determining module, an initial position obtaining module and a scanning module.
The determination module is used for determining a reference image according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient. The starting position acquisition module is used for acquiring the starting position of scanning. The scanning module is used for starting scanning from the scanning starting position, stopping scanning when the scanned image has preset characteristics, and setting the preset characteristics according to the reference image.
Specifically, the specific implementation manner of the initial position obtaining module obtaining the scanning initial position is as follows: acquiring a plain film image, receiving parameters of a target scanning area input on the plain film image, and acquiring a scanning initial position according to the parameters of the target scanning area. Or scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp, and taking the positioning points as the starting positions of scanning.
The specific implementation manner of the scanning module determining that the scanned image has the preset features is as follows: and if the scanned image has at least one of the preset CT value characteristic or the preset region characteristic, determining that the scanned image has the preset characteristic.
For the CT value feature and the predetermined region feature, the method for determining the CT value feature and the predetermined region feature may be referred to in the method embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
According to the scanning device, the scanning is finished under the condition that the scanned image has the preset characteristics determined according to the reference image without depending on subjective experience of people, so that compared with the prior art, the accuracy of the scanning range can be improved.
The functions described in the method of the embodiment of the present application, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a storage medium readable by a computing device. Based on such understanding, part of the contribution to the prior art of the embodiments of the present application or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including several instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile computing device or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A scanning method, comprising:
determining a reference image according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient;
acquiring a scanning starting position;
starting scanning from the scanning starting position, and stopping scanning when an image obtained by scanning has a preset feature, wherein the preset feature is set according to the reference image;
the preset features are preset CT feature values, and the preset CT feature values refer to: the ratio of the sum of the number of pixels of the CT value in the first numerical range and the number of pixels of the CT value in the second numerical range to the total number of the pixels is larger than a first ratio, the ratio of the number of pixels of the CT value in the first numerical range to the total number of the pixels is smaller than a second ratio, and the first ratio is larger than the second ratio, wherein the first numerical range is determined according to the CT value of a target pixel for diagnosis in a reference image, the second numerical range is determined according to the CT value of a background pixel in the reference image, and the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the first ratio and the second ratio are set according to the characteristics of the reference images with different organizations.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring a starting position of a scan comprises:
acquiring a plain film image;
receiving parameters of a target scanning area input on the plain film image;
and acquiring the initial position of scanning according to the parameters of the target scanning area.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein acquiring a starting position of a scan comprises:
and scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp, and taking the positioning points as the starting positions of scanning.
4. A scanning device, comprising:
a determining module for determining a reference image according to the scanning protocol and/or the information of the patient;
the starting position acquisition module is used for acquiring the scanning starting position;
the scanning module is used for starting scanning from the scanning starting position, stopping scanning when the scanned image has preset characteristics, and setting the preset characteristics according to the reference image;
the preset features are preset CT feature values, and the preset CT feature values refer to: the ratio of the sum of the number of pixels of the CT value in the first numerical range and the number of pixels of the CT value in the second numerical range to the total number of the pixels is larger than a first ratio, the ratio of the number of pixels of the CT value in the first numerical range to the total number of the pixels is smaller than a second ratio, and the first ratio is larger than the second ratio, wherein the first numerical range is determined according to the CT value of a target pixel for diagnosis in a reference image, the second numerical range is determined according to the CT value of a background pixel in the reference image, and the first numerical value, the second numerical value, the first ratio and the second ratio are set according to the characteristics of the reference images with different organizations.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the starting position acquiring module is configured to acquire a starting position of the scan, and comprises:
the initial position obtaining module is specifically configured to obtain a plain film image, receive parameters of a target scanning area input on the plain film image, and obtain a scanning initial position according to the parameters of the target scanning area.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the starting position acquiring module is configured to acquire a starting position of the scan, and comprises:
the initial position acquisition module is specifically used for scanning the positioning points projected by the positioning lamp, and taking the positioning points as the initial positions of scanning.
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| CN107440733A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-08 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | CT machines and its scan method, computer-readable recording medium |
| CN110327071A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-15 | 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 | CT scan method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium |
| JP2021074275A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-20 | キヤノンメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | Imaging support device |
| JP7450403B2 (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2024-03-15 | 富士フイルムヘルスケア株式会社 | X-ray CT device |
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| CN102908161A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 东软飞利浦医疗设备系统有限责任公司 | Scanning positioning method for CT (Computed Tomography) system |
| CN203736217U (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-07-30 | 上海西门子医疗器械有限公司 | Scanning range determination system of CT machine and CT machine |
| CN105262948B (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2018-06-29 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | A kind of panorama shooting method and mobile terminal |
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