CN106820182A - Peeling and corning of fruits method including alcohol pre-treatment step - Google Patents
Peeling and corning of fruits method including alcohol pre-treatment step Download PDFInfo
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- CN106820182A CN106820182A CN201611242877.7A CN201611242877A CN106820182A CN 106820182 A CN106820182 A CN 106820182A CN 201611242877 A CN201611242877 A CN 201611242877A CN 106820182 A CN106820182 A CN 106820182A
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- fruit
- peeling
- grape
- alkalescence
- decortication
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/01—Peeling vegetables or fruit using chemical substances, e.g. lye
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of peeling and corning of fruits method including alcohol pre-treatment step, the method comprises the following steps：(1) fruit to be removed the peel is contacted with alcoholic solution；(2) the fruit (1) processed through step is contacted with alkalescence peeling liquid；Wherein, by weight, the concentration of NaOH and/or potassium hydroxide is 1 15% in the alkalescence peeling liquid；(3) in the fruit feeding decortication roller that will (2) be processed through step, control decortication roller rotate and cause between fruit and fruit and/or fruit and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, and using clean water cleaning treatment is carried out to fruit simultaneously；(4) using acid neutralizer to carrying out neutralisation treatment through the (3) resulting fruit of step.Fruit is pre-processed by using alcoholic solution so that lye dipping speed is improved, and decortication effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for carrying out removing the peel treatment to fruit using alkalescence peeling liquid.
Background technology
Fruit chemical peeling method is typically using the alkali lye containing NaOH or potassium hydroxide to cutin, half fiber, fruit
The decomposition of glue and pericarp and pulp are separated, it has the advantages that, and cost of labor is low, speed is fast, it is low to be lost, it is complete to remove the peel,
Relatively broad application is obtained in the peeling treatment of all kinds of fruit.
Chinese patent literature CN87103179 discloses a kind of chemical peeling side for plant products such as fruits and vegetables
Method, the method is carried out in insulation and closed container；Wherein, the plant products such as processed water fruits and vegetables are immersed in and are added
In added with the treatment fluid that ethanol is penetration-assisting agent, the treatment fluid is added with the caustic alkali of 2-25% (by weight), and treatment temperature exists
Below the boiling point of ethanol, process time was maintained in the range of 0.5-15 minutes.The patent document is disclosed, using this peeling side
The water such as apple, pears, Kiwi berry, carrot and potato fruits and vegetables have been carried out peeling experiment by method, obtain good peeling effect
Really.
Chinese patent literature CN201310017159.X discloses a kind of seedless roxburgh rose peeling agent and its application method；By weight
Amount number is calculated, and the decorticating agent includes 3-5 parts of caustic alkali, 0.4-0.6 parts of ammonium phosphate, 0.3-0.5 parts of emulsifying agent, 0.1-0.3 parts
Auxiliary agent and 6-8 parts of ethanol.When using, by above-mentioned parts by weight, the decorticating agent is added in 80-90 parts of water, configuration is gone
Skin solution；After the peeling solution is heated into 85 DEG C, seedless roxburgh rose is added thereto and is soaked, it is 80 DEG C to keep liquid temperature, is stirred
Mix 3-4 minutes, whne seedless roxburgh rose epidermis blackening and pull out when there is crackle；Rubbed with the hands in the seedless roxburgh rose input clear water that will be pulled out
Wash-out skin, will wash the seedless roxburgh rose after decortication by rubbing with the hands and leaching drift 5 minutes is stirred in clear water, be repeated 3 times；Finally by by the nothing of leaching drift
During seed Rosa roxburghii adds mass concentration to be 0.2% aqueous citric acid solution, immersion is pulled out after 5 minutes.
However, by above-mentioned technical proposal uses the mixed treating liquid including caustic alkali and ethanol, therefore it is deposited
In following defect：Firstly it is difficult to the caustic alkali and ethanol in the mixed treating liquid are separated and recycled, cause production
High cost and not enough environmental protection；Secondly, after being processed through the mixed treating liquid, substantial amounts of alcohol can be adhered on peeling fruits and vegetables, in the case where connecing
In the fruits and vegetables cleaning process come, these alcohol are discharged into sewage disposal system with rinse water so that the sewage disposal
Inactivation of bacteria in system, sewage treatment capacity declines even to be lost；Again, because caustic alkali and ethanol are mixed so that difficult
Accurately controlled with pair parameter relevant with caustic alkali and ethanol (such as its concentration) simultaneously, cause to be generally unable to reach institute's phase
The decortication effect of prestige.
Therefore, it is necessary to be improved existing fruit chemical peeling method.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the main object of the present invention is a kind of environmentally friendly, inexpensive and easily controllable
Fruit chemical peeling method.
In order to realize above-mentioned main purpose, the invention provides a kind of peeling and corning of fruits side including alcohol pre-treatment step
Method, comprises the following steps：
(1) fruit to be removed the peel is contacted with alcoholic solution；
(2) the fruit (1) processed through step is contacted with alkalescence peeling liquid；Wherein, by weight, hydrogen-oxygen in alkalescence peeling liquid
The concentration for changing sodium and/or potassium hydroxide is 1-15%, more preferably preferably 3-10%, 5-8%；
(3) in the fruit feeding decortication roller that will (2) be processed through step, control decortication roller is rotated and causes fruit and fruit
Between and/or fruit and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, and using clean water cleaning treatment is carried out to fruit simultaneously；
Step (3) in, by between fruit and fruit and/or fruit and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, be attached to pulp
On pericarp (but pectin substance therebetween has been removed) separated with pulp；Meanwhile, cleaning treatment is (preferably clear using spray
The mode washed) alkalescence peeling liquid and the other impurities remained on pulp are not only reduced, and it is easy to centralized collection with pulp point
Pericarp after；
(4) using acid neutralizer to carrying out neutralisation treatment through the (3) resulting fruit of step, to remove residual alkali thereon
Liquid.
In the growth course of fruit, it will usually carry out desinsection treatment to fruit using agricultural chemicals, cause fruit surface or many
Or there are residues of pesticides less；In addition, in order to fresh-keeping, generally can also be beaten the surface of some fruit (such as pears, apple)
Lasaxing Oilfield and its surface formed wax coat.And for the fruit such as mango, apple, plum, apricot, loquat, grape, its epidermis
Wax coat would generally naturally be generated.The present inventor's research finds that the residues of pesticides and wax coat of fruit surface can be significantly reduced
Chemical peeling speed and effect.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, fruit can be made to be removed the peel with alcoholic solution, alkalescence respectively by way of spraying or soaking
Liquid is contacted；Wherein, it is preferred to use immersion way, with so that alcoholic solution, alkalescence peeling both liquid can fill to fruit respectively
Divide and quickly treatment.In the present invention, the Main Function of alcoholic solution is wax layer and/or the residual agriculture for dissolving fruit peel surface
Medicine, make step (2) neutral and alkali peeling liquid it is readily permeable enter fruit peel and by its erosion removal or fruit by it between fruit pulp
Glue material corrosion dissolution and removed the peel.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, firstly, since employing substep barking method, alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid are mutual
Separate, thus alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid can be reclaimed and reused respectively, to reduce production cost, and
Avoid the pollution of alcohol and alkalescence peeling liquid to environment.Secondly, fruit sequentially passes through the treatment of alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid,
The alcohol remained on fruit after being processed through alkalescence peeling liquid is extremely micro so that in ensuing fruit cleaning process
In, be only substantially negligible the alcohol disregarded and be discharged into sewage disposal system with rinse water, therefore will not produce because
Excessive alcohol is discharged into sewage disposal system and causes its sewage treatment capacity to decline the problem even lost.Again, by
It is separated from each other in alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid, it is thus possible to respectively to alcoholic solution and concentration, the temperature of alkalescence peeling liquid
Carry out precise control and regulation, and the situation such as kind and size depending on fruit is adjusted in good time, to reach more preferably decortication effect (example
Such as so that fruit pulp is smooth complete with more preferably color and luster, surface).
Further, it is of the invention compared with using the mixing decortication method for including the mixed treating liquid of caustic alkali and ethanol
Substep decortication method can shorten the time of contact of fruit and alkalescence peeling liquid so that corrosion phase of the alkalescence peeling liquid to fruit pulp
Should reduce, not only reduce fruit loss, and fruit pulp preferably maintains its initial color and luster, nutrition and taste.With this
Relative, when the mixed treating liquid using alcohol and caustic alkali, it is necessary to fruit to be carried out the contact of longer time with treatment fluid
Peeling could be completed, and then causes that treatment fluid causes excessive corrosion to fruit pulp, cause peeling and corning of fruits to be lost larger, and fruit
The color and luster of pulp is poor, profile is coarse, nutritional ingredient is too lost in, and especially causes substantial amounts of fruit peel and pectin substance to be retained
In mixed treating liquid, so that the viscosity of the mixed treating liquid is quickly increased to the degree for being unsuitable for using.
In the present invention, preferably, decortication roller is using rubber roller or the decortication roller of Brush type, this decortication roller
Have the advantages that working surface soft and be difficult to injure pulp.Wherein, decortication fraction time depending on exfoliant effect, to keep away
Exempt from friction and excessively injure pulp；Decortication fraction time can be adjusted by the rotating speed of roller of peeling and gradient.
The method of the present invention may be adapted to various fruit, and the fruit that wax coat is especially formed with to surface carries out chemistry
Peeling is processed, such as plum, apricot, loquat, mango or apple etc..
As a kind of specific embodiment of the invention, step (1) in can control alcoholic solution in the concentration of ethanol be
5-40%, preferably 10-20%.
As another embodiment of the present invention, step (1) in can to control the temperature of alcoholic solution be 40-70
DEG C, preferably 55-65 DEG C.
In the present invention, by the control to alcoholic solution concentration and/or temperature, it can be ensured that the residual agriculture on fruit peel surface
Medicine and wax coat have dissolution velocity faster, and cause that alcohol volatile quantity is maintained at relatively low level.
Used as yet another embodiment of the invention, in step, (2) the middle temperature for controlling alkalescence to remove the peel liquid is 40-70 DEG C,
Preferably 55-65 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature of alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid may be controlled to substantially the same.It is such to be advantageous in that,
The fruit that peeling can be treated using alcoholic solution carries out the pre-heat treatment so that can step (2) in be relatively easy to and exactly
The temperature of alkalescence peeling liquid is maintained into predetermined numerical value, to reach desired decortication effect.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the temperature control of alkalescence peeling liquid is relatively low 40-70 DEG C.It is such to be advantageous in that：It is first
First, this can reduce alkalescence peeling liquid to the nutrient component damages caused by the corrosion of fruit pulp and high temperature, preferably to keep
Nutritional ingredient in fruit pulp, and cause that fruit pulp has profile complete, attractive in appearance；Secondly, the treatment of lower temperature is also
Enable that fruit pulp preferably keeps its initial hardness and mouthfeel；Furthermore, this can also be reduced will to the quality of peeling equipment
Ask, the control requirement to decortication process parameter is also more loose, so as to reduce production cost.
In the present invention, acid neutralizer preferred concentration is the citric acid solution of 0.1-0.5% (by weight).Using lemon
Acid solution is advantageous in that, even if there is citric acid residual on fruit, the quality of tinned fruit is not interfered with yet, because in fruit
Citric acid adjustment product pH would generally be added in canned pack.Alternatively, it is also possible to using the hydrochloric acid of 0.1-0.2% as acid
Property neutralizer.
Preferably, (4) above-mentioned steps are carried out in bubble washer.This can not only reach more preferably neutralization,
And thoroughly cleaning further can be made to fruit.Selectively, (4) above-mentioned steps are carried out in service sink.
Preferably, the above method further includes following steps：
(5) to carrying out color retention and/or cooling treatment through the (4) resulting fruit of step.
In such scheme, color retention can optionally use concentration for 1-2 ‰ (by weight) citric acid solution and/
Or concentration is the L-AA solution of 0.5-1 ‰, or it is the saline solution of 1-2% (by weight) to use sodium chloride concentration.It is cold
But treatment can utilize the clean water that water temperature is less than 25 DEG C as cooling medium.
In the present invention, the peeling activator containing aliphatic acid and/or soap can be added in alkalescence peeling liquid；With
Weight meter, the addition for removing the peel activator is the 0.1-1%, preferably 0.2-0.5% of alkalescence peeling liquid.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the aliphatic acid in peeling activator is acted on alkali, is generated as anion surfactant
Soap, wetting infiltration, dispersion and solubilization can be played, promote grape pomace and parenchyma cell layer to separate, with more preferable
Ground reaches peeling purpose；Or, peeling activator is included as the soap of anion surfactant, such as aliphatic acid
Alkylamine (carbon number 1-20) salt, alkanolamine (carbon number 2-12, such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine) salt, ammonium salt, alkaline-earth metal (calcium,
Magnesium etc.) salt and/or alkali metal (sodium, potassium etc.) salt etc..Further, peeling activator can also include such as Arlacel-20 (SP-
20) nonionic surface active agent.
Preferably, the aliphatic acid in above-mentioned technical proposal is laurate, soap is lauryl sulfate triethanol ammonium
At least one in salt, laurate sulfuric acid, lauryl sulfate sodium salt etc..
In a kind of specific embodiment of the invention, peeling activator includes that weight ratio is 1-3：1 surfactant
And auxiliary agent；Wherein, the surfactant includes that weight ratio is 1-3：1 laurate and Arlacel-20 (SP-20), the auxiliary agent includes
Weight ratio is 1-3：1-3：1 citric acid, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride.
In the present invention, alcoholic solution and alkalescence peeling liquid can be reused, and the Pressure, Concentration, Temperature of the two can regard water
The situations such as the kind and size of fruit are adjusted in good time, and new liquid supplement can be added when usage amount reduction or concentration are reduced during use.
Accordingly, as preferred, the process step that according to size be classified fruit before being additionally may included in step (1) by the above method
(such as by beam barrel type classifying equipoment), to be more accurately controlled concentration, temperature and the peeling time of peeling liquid, reaches optimal
Treatment effect.
Peeling and corning of fruits method of the invention can be used for the fruit product that all kinds of needs such as fruit and can are removed the peel
Production.
In order to more clearly illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail.
Specific embodiment
Grape removes the peel embodiment 1
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
It is alcohol-pickled：Grape fruit is soaked 2 points in concentration of alcohol is for the alcoholic solution of 12-15% (by weight)
Clock, wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 60 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：By the grape fruit after alcohol-pickled in concentration for the NaOH of 7-9% (by weight) is molten
Soaked 4 minutes in liquid and reach pericarp nigrescence cracking state, wherein the temperature of control sodium hydroxide solution is at about 60 DEG C；
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the grape after alkali lye erosion skin so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.4% (by weight) and in grape berry, neutralizes time control at about 5 points
Clock；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature, is then delivered to rear operation and is processed.
In above-described embodiment, 1 ton of peeling liquid can be with up to 150 tons Portugals of continuous processing in the case where the situation of concentration and liquid level is kept
Grape.Experiment shows that the grape berry obtained by embodiment 1 has good color and luster, and configuration of surface is relatively smooth and complete, and compared with
Its original local flavor, hardness and mouthfeel is kept well.
Grape removes the peel embodiment 2
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
It is alcohol-pickled：Grape fruit is soaked 2 points in concentration of alcohol is for the alcoholic solution of 12-15% (by weight)
Clock, wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 60 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：Grape fruit after alcohol-pickled is 7-9%, removes the peel activator addition in naoh concentration
Measure for 0.3% (being by weight) alkalescence peeling liquid in immersion 3.5 minutes and reach pericarp nigrescence cracking state, wherein controlling
The temperature of alkalescence peeling liquid is at about 60 DEG C；
In each embodiment of the invention, peeling activator includes that weight ratio is 2：1 surfactant and auxiliary agent；Its
In, the surfactant includes that weight ratio is 2：1 laurate and Arlacel-20 (SP-20), the auxiliary agent includes that weight ratio is 2：2：
1 citric acid, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride.
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the grape after alkali lye erosion skin so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.4% (by weight) and in grape berry, neutralizes time control at about 5 points
Clock；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature, is then delivered to rear operation and is processed.
Experiment shows that the alkali lye erosion skin time in embodiment 2 substantially shortens compared with embodiment 1；Additionally, obtained by embodiment 2
Grape have than the more preferable color and luster of embodiment 1, more smooth and complete surface, and pulp local flavor and mouthfeel also than implement
Example 1 is slightly better.
Grape removes the peel embodiment 3
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
It is alcohol-pickled：Grape fruit is soaked 3 minutes in concentration of alcohol is for the alcoholic solution of 5-10% (by weight),
Wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 65 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：Grape fruit after alcohol-pickled is 2-3%, removes the peel activator addition in naoh concentration
Measure for 0.1% (being by weight) alkalescence peeling liquid in immersion 6 minutes and reach pericarp nigrescence cracking state, wherein controlling alkali
Property peeling liquid temperature at about 70 DEG C；
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the grape after alkali lye erosion skin so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.2% (by weight) and in grape berry, neutralizes time control at about 5 points
Clock；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature, is then delivered to rear operation and is processed.
Grape removes the peel embodiment 4
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
It is alcohol-pickled：Grape fruit is soaked 1 point in concentration of alcohol is for the alcoholic solution of 30-35% (by weight)
Clock, wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 40 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：By the grape fruit after alcohol-pickled naoh concentration be 13-15%, peeling activator add
Dosage reaches pericarp nigrescence cracking state for immersion 3 minutes in the alkalescence peeling liquid of 0.5% (being by weight), wherein controlling
The temperature of alkalescence peeling liquid is at about 40 DEG C；
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the grape after alkali lye erosion skin so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.4% (by weight) and in grape berry, neutralizes time control at about 5 points
Clock；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature, is then delivered to rear operation and is processed.
Grape removes the peel embodiment 5
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
It is alcohol-pickled：Grape fruit is soaked 1 point in concentration of alcohol is for the alcoholic solution of 20-25% (by weight)
Clock, wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 60 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：By the grape fruit after alcohol-pickled naoh concentration be 10-12%, peeling activator add
Dosage reaches pericarp nigrescence cracking state for immersion 2.5 minutes in the alkalescence peeling liquid of 0.2% (being by weight), wherein controlling
The temperature of alkaline peeling liquid is at about 60 DEG C；
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the grape after alkali lye erosion skin so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.2% (by weight) and in grape berry, neutralizes time control at about 5 points
Clock；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature, is then delivered to rear operation and is processed.
Experiment shows, using the grape obtained by the method for above-described embodiment 3 to 5 be respectively provided with good color and luster, it is smooth and
Complete surface, and preferably maintain the initial flavor and mouthfeel of grape berry.
Grape removes the peel comparative example 1
Raw material prepares：The fresh blue or green grape berry of 7 to 8 maturations is chosen, is careful not to injure the base of a fruit during harvesting place's pericarp, in order to avoid
Pulp is injured during peeling treatment；
Mixing peeling：By grape fruit concentration of alcohol be 12-15%, naoh concentration be 7-9% (with weight
Meter) mixed treating liquid in immersion 6 minutes (alcohol-pickled and alkali lye loses the time sums of skin equivalent in embodiment 1) and reach
Pericarp nigrescence cracking state, wherein the temperature control of mixed treating liquid is at about 60 DEG C；
Friction decortication：Grape after blended peeling is rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller so that grape
Between grape and/or grape and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough grape pomace；Simultaneously using clean Water spray punching
Grape berry is washed, quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye and ethanol；
Acid solution is neutralized：Grape berry obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and is utilized wherein
Concentration is the residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution of 0.4% (by weight) and in grape berry, and the neutralization time optionally controls
About 5 minutes；
Cooling is processed：Grape berry in alkali lye with after is delivered in cooling bay of the water temperature less than 20 DEG C, by grape
Pulp is quickly cooled to normal temperature.
In the method for comparative example 1,1 ton of caustic peeling liquid only can be with 80 tons of continuous processing in the case where concentration and liquid level is kept
Grape.Also, the mixing peeling step of comparative example 1 needs the process time longer than the alkali lye erosion skin step of embodiment 1, causes
Resulting grape berry color and luster is poor, is overstock because grape is overlapped, and dewaxing and erosion skin are completed simultaneously, and some laps are deposited
Not in place in the etch of round point shape, excessively, configuration of surface is coarse a small amount of residual skin phenomenon, operating process peeling for some part etches
The alcohol concentration and concentration of lye of mixed liquor are not easy to detection control and quasi- amount addition.
Grape removes the peel comparative example 2
This comparative example is with the difference of comparative example 1：In peeling step is mixed, it is in concentration of alcohol by grape fruit
12-15%, naoh concentration for 7-9% (being by weight) mixed treating liquid in soak about 4 minutes (equivalent to implementation
Alkali lye loses the time of skin step in example 1).
However, experiment shows, more there is the incomplete defect of peeling in the grape obtained by comparative example 2.
Apricot removes the peel embodiment 1
It is alcohol-pickled：Apricot to be removed the peel is soaked in concentration of alcohol is of about the alcoholic solution of 30% (by weight)
0.5 minute, wherein the temperature of control alcoholic solution is at about 45 DEG C；
Alkali lye loses skin：By the apricot after alcohol-pickled naoh concentration be 3%, peeling activator addition be
Soaked 2 minutes in the alkalescence peeling liquid of 0.4% (being by weight), wherein the temperature of control alkalescence peeling liquid is at about 65 DEG C；
Friction decortication：To be rapidly feeding in the decortication roller using rubber roller through the apricot after alkali lye erosion skin so that apricot and apricot
Between and/or apricot and decortication roller between phase mutual friction, to slough apricot pericarp；Apricot pulp is sprayed using clean water simultaneously,
Quickly to wash away its top layer alkali lye；
Acid solution is neutralized：Apricot pulp obtained from rubbed decortication is delivered in bubble washer, and wherein using dense
The residual alkali lye in the citric acid solution for 0.2% (by weight) and in apricot pulp is spent, time control is neutralized at about 5 minutes；
Color retention：It is the colour protecting liquid of 1.5% (by weight) to the apricot in acid solution with after to use wherein sodium chloride concentration
Color retention is carried out, rear operation is then delivered to and is processed.
For simplicity describing other embodiment of the invention in table form in following table 1, these realities
The specific implementation step for applying example may be referred to the description of the above and carry out.
Table 1：Apricot, plum, loquat, mango, apple peel embodiment
Although depicting the present invention above by preferred embodiment, but it is to be understood that, those of ordinary skill in the art
Do not departing from invention scope of the invention, all equal improvement made according to the present invention should be protection scope of the present invention institute
Cover.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of peeling and corning of fruits method including alcohol pre-treatment step, including：
(1) fruit to be removed the peel is contacted with alcoholic solution；
(2) the fruit (1) processed through step is contacted with alkalescence peeling liquid；Wherein, by weight, hydrogen-oxygen in the alkalescence peeling liquid
The concentration for changing sodium and/or potassium hydroxide is 1-15%, more preferably preferably 3-10%, 5-8%；
(3) in the fruit feeding decortication roller that will (2) be processed through step, control decortication roller is rotated and caused between fruit and fruit
And/or phase mutual friction between fruit and decortication roller, and using clean water cleaning treatment is carried out to fruit simultaneously；
(4) using acid neutralizer to carrying out neutralisation treatment through the (3) resulting fruit of step.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein described fruit is plum, apricot, loquat, mango or apple.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein by weight, the ethanol in the step (1) middle control alcoholic solution
Concentration is 5-40%, preferably 10-20%.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein in step, (1) the middle temperature for controlling the alcoholic solution is 40-70 DEG C, excellent
Elect 55-65 DEG C as.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein in step, (2) the middle temperature for controlling the alkalescence to remove the peel liquid is 40-70 DEG C,
Preferably 55-65 DEG C.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein the acid neutralizer is that concentration is 0.1-0.5% (by weight)
Citric acid solution.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein (4) the step is carried out in bubble washer.
8. the method for claim 1, also comprises the following steps：
(5) to carrying out color retention and/or cooling treatment through the (4) resulting fruit of step.
9. the method for claim 1, wherein be with the addition of in the alkalescence peeling liquid and contain aliphatic acid and/or aliphatic acid
The peeling activator of salt；By weight, the addition of the peeling activator is the 0.1-1% of the alkalescence peeling liquid, preferably
It is 0.2-0.5%.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115428962A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-12-06 | 石黑康儿 | Peeling method for fruit epicarp or citrus endocarp |
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