CN106815432A - Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method - Google Patents
Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106815432A CN106815432A CN201710032159.5A CN201710032159A CN106815432A CN 106815432 A CN106815432 A CN 106815432A CN 201710032159 A CN201710032159 A CN 201710032159A CN 106815432 A CN106815432 A CN 106815432A
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- erosion
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- erosion groove
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- side slope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method, including：Refuse dump image is obtained using unmanned plane；Obtain the accurate spatial positional information of refuse dump ground control point；Based on control point spatial information and high definition image, generation point cloud and orthography data；Visual interpretation is carried out to orthography to generate erosion groove border, the elevation point data gone out inside erosion groove according to erosion groove boundary filtering and according to elevational point data genaration erosion groove DEM；Buffering area border is obtained according to erosion groove border, screening is located at the elevation point data in buffering area border and according to elevational point data genaration buffering area DEM；The difference of buffering area DEM and erosion groove DEM is calculated so as to obtain erosion groove mean depth DEM using raster symbol-base device instrument；The washed off soil volume of erosion groove is obtained according to erosion groove mean depth DEM and erosion groove areal calculation；Calculate soil erosion modulus.The present invention can quickly extrapolate refuse dump side slope soil erosion rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil and water conservation and recovery field of ecology, more particularly to a kind of Mine production side slope soil is invaded
Erosion rate estimation method.
Background technology
Caused by development construction item soil erosion be human being's production build in active procedure disturb earth's surface and subterranean strata,
Bank up discarded object, construct Artificial Side-slope and the water and soil resources that discharge various poisonous and harmful substances and cause and fertility
Destruction and loss, are a kind of typical artificial accelerated erosion.Mine production is peeled off by minery ground, transport, heap pad and shape
Into the original soil body and the overlying rock of ore bed with incompact-deposit bodies state by after violent disturbance mixing, being stacked in inside and outside
Refuse dump, forms artificial huge loosely-packed geomorphologic landscape, and platform-abrupt slope is its Essential Geomorphic unit, its soil erosion distribution
It is the combination of one or more form in point, line, piece, band, block, face.Refuse dump soil erosion process is complicated, is mainly manifested in
Soil erosion position is concentrated, type is various, intensity is violent.Refuse dump is banked up each position of thickness, and particle composition difference is big, from
Right percentage of consolidation is different, in deadweight agent and in the presence of infiltrating current, causes different parts Compression Settlement speed different, i.e., so-called
" Non-uniform Settlement ".
At present, Mine production engineering accumulation body Soil Erosion Rate is mainly calculated by qualitative and quantitative method.It is fixed
Quantity research method mainly has runoff plots method, corrodes chaining pin method, trace element method, modeling method.In recent years, construction project
The research method of the mesh area soil erosion mainly using rain making, discharge water wash away or the two combination and natural rainfall under the conditions of it is small
Based on short-term location observation or simulated experiment on yardstick.The method of soil erosion amount prediction has mathematical model method (such as USLE moulds
Type), analogue analysis method (such as adjoining project analogy) and typical investigation predication method (such as similar object investigation predication method).
At present, for without measured data area, how quickly accurately Mine production side slope soil erosion modulus is calculated still
Without reliable method.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method, with solve in the prior art without
Method quickly accurately calculates the problem of Mine production side slope soil erosion modulus.
Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method in the present invention, including：Step 1, is obtained using unmanned plane
Take Mine production image data；Step 2, the accurate space bit confidence of ground control point of refuse dump is obtained using RTK-GPS
Breath；Step 3, preferably using Agisoft Photoscan professional 1.1.2 softwares, according to the GPS location
Information and the image data, generate refuse dump cloud data and orthography data；Step 4, to the orthography data
Visual interpretation is carried out to generate erosion groove border, according to the elevation points that the erosion groove boundary filtering goes out inside erosion groove
According to and according to elevational point data genaration erosion groove DEM；Step 5, buffering area border is obtained according to the erosion groove border, screens position
In the elevation point data in the buffering area border and according to elevational point data genaration buffering area DEM；Step 6, using grid meter
Calculate device instrument and calculate the buffering area DEM with the difference of the erosion groove DEM so as to obtain erosion groove mean depth DEM；Step 7,
The washed off soil volume of erosion groove is obtained according to the erosion groove mean depth DEM and erosion groove areal calculation；Step 8, according to
Following formula is calculated soil erosion modulus：
Wherein, Ms is soil erosion modulus, unit t/ (km2·a)；Ws is to corrode total amount, unit t in year, and Ws is described
The product of washed off soil volume and the soil weight；F is erosion area, and unit is km2；To corrode the time limit, unit is a to T.
Preferably, the step 1 also includes：Planning unmanned aerial vehicle flight path is so that the degree of overlapping between image is about 40%；Utilize
Unmanned plane obtains the clear cloudless image in refuse dump, and the image includes GPS information.
Preferably, the GPS position information is obtained using RTK-GPS.
Preferably, the ground control point is selected from surface mark point.
Preferably, the surface mark point is road junction, and/or water channel crosspoint, and/or house corner.
Preferably, the erosion groove DEM, buffering area DEM and erosion groove mean depth DEM are obtained using ArcGIS softwares.
The present invention is suitable for without long term monitoring data area, can be by between unmanned plane image and high accuracy DEM data
With reference to quickly extrapolating refuse dump side slope soil erosion rate, and produce certain economic, social and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of quick estimation Mine production side slope soil erosion rate method, and in particular to utilize nobody
Machine video generation high density point cloud and orthography, the method for monitoring mine slope mima type microrelief change, for estimating mine casting
Field side slope soil erosion rate, it obtains research area's elevation point off density cloud by using unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing images, and generation is with a period of time
Phase more accurate two groups of dem datas, are interpreted by visual observation, extract erosion groove border, and soil erosion modulus is calculated with this
Method.
In one embodiment, the Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method in the present invention, including it is following
Step：
Step 1, Mine production image data is obtained using unmanned plane.For Mine production slope is steep, deposit loose,
Personnel are difficult to the characteristics of examining on the spot comprehensively, are made rational planning for flight path using unmanned plane, obtain the clear cloudless image in refuse dump, shadow
As needing comprising GPS information, degree of overlapping should be easy to later stage image joint and data genaration 40% or so between image.
Step 2, the GPS position information of the ground control point of refuse dump is obtained using RTK-GPS.For example, using RTK-GPS
The actual control point coordinates in ground is measured in refuse dump, control point is typically chosen in road junction, water channel crosspoint, house corner
Point etc. is easily differentiated and finer characteristic point on image.
Step 3, according to the GPS position information and the image data, generates cloud data and orthography data.Example
Such as, the photo that can be used Agisoft Photoscan softwares loading unmanned plane to shoot, imports the control point that RTK-GPS is measured, soft
Part automatically aligns photo, generates high density cloud data and orthography data.
The orthography data are carried out visual interpretation to generate erosion groove border by step 4, according to the erosion limes marginis
Boundary filters out the elevation point data inside erosion groove and generates erosion groove DEM by space interpolation according to elevation point data；
Step 5, buffering area border is obtained according to buffer zone analysis are carried out to the erosion groove border, and screening respectively is located at institute
State the elevation point data in buffering area border and buffering area DEM is generated by space interpolation according to elevation point data；
Step 6, the difference of the buffering area DEM and erosion groove DEM is calculated so as to obtain using raster symbol-base device instrument
Erosion groove mean depth DEM；
Step 7, the washed off soil body of erosion groove is obtained according to the erosion groove mean depth DEM and erosion groove areal calculation
Product V (m3), wherein：
Vi=Si*H_meani
Wherein, ViIt is each erosion groove washed off soil volume (m3), SiIt is each erosion groove area (m2), H_meaniIt is each erosion
Erosion groove mean depth DEM (m) of ditch；
Entirely the soil erosion cumulative volume in research area is：
VAlways=V1+V2+V3+…+Vn+…+Vi。
Step 8, soil erosion modulus (average weight of annual washed off soil in unit area) is calculated according to following formula：
Wherein, Ms is soil erosion modulus, unit t/ (km2·a)；Ws is to corrode total amount, unit t in year, and Ws is described
The product of washed off soil volume and the soil weight, i.e. Ws=τ * VAlways, wherein, τ is soil
Unit weight 1.5t/m3；F is erosion area, and unit is km2；To corrode the time limit, unit is a (year) to T.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention is suitable for without long term monitoring data area, can be by unmanned plane shadow
Combination between picture and high accuracy DEM data, quickly extrapolates refuse dump side slope soil erosion rate, and produce certain warp
Ji, society and ecological benefits.
Preferably, the erosion groove DEM, buffering area DEM and erosion groove mean depth DEM are obtained using ArcGIS softwares.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, it is scientific
With soil and water conservation and agrology principle as foundation, for feelings of the Mine production side slope without long-time Monitoring Data
Condition, it is proposed that application unmanned plane obtains image, obtains high density cloud data, is interpreted by artificial visual, screens ground elevation
Data point, compared for being generated using different interpolation methods the precision of dem data, and result of study shows that the method is scientific and effective.
2nd, it is workable
The present invention only needs to use unmanned plane to obtain research area's image and ground control point coordinate, can be completed by software
Image autoregistration, generates high density cloud data and orthography.Interpreted by artificial visual and data spatial analysis methods, you can
The Soil Erosion Rate without long-time Monitoring Data area is calculated, it is simple to operate, with stronger operability.
The soil erosion monitoring method of prior art is time-consuming, laborious, and measurement error has uncertainty, and the present invention can profit
With unmanned plane quick obtaining High-precision image, and use digital elevation model (DEM) quick obtaining terrain data, so, can lead to
The unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing high-precision earth surface image of monitoring technology quick obtaining is crossed, high density point cloud is extracted, orthography and height is generated
Precision dem data such that it is able to effectively monitor topography variation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method, it is characterised in that including：
Step 1, Mine production image data is obtained using unmanned plane；
Step 2, the accurate spatial positional information of ground control point of refuse dump is obtained using GPS；
Step 3, preferably using Agisoft Photoscan professional1.1.2 softwares, with reference to GPS position information
And the image data, generate refuse dump cloud data and orthography data；
The orthography data are carried out visual interpretation to generate erosion groove border by step 4, are sieved according to the erosion groove border
Select elevation point data inside erosion groove and according to elevational point data genaration erosion groove DEM；
Step 5, buffering area border, elevation points of the screening in the buffering area border are obtained according to the erosion groove border
According to and according to elevational point data genaration buffering area DEM；
Step 6, the difference of the buffering area DEM and erosion groove DEM is calculated so as to be corroded using raster symbol-base device instrument
Ditch mean depth DEM；
Step 7, the washed off soil volume of erosion groove is obtained according to the erosion groove mean depth DEM and erosion groove areal calculation；
Step 8, soil erosion modulus is calculated according to following formula：
Wherein, Ms is soil erosion modulus, unit t/ (km2·a)；Ws is to corrode total amount, unit t, and Ws year for the eroded soil
The product of earth volume and the soil weight；F is erosion area, and unit is km2；To corrode the time limit, unit is a to T.
2. Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
Rapid 1 also includes：
Planning unmanned aerial vehicle flight path is so that the degree of overlapping between image is about 40%；
The clear cloudless image in refuse dump is obtained using unmanned plane, and the image includes GPS information.
3. Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
GPS position information is obtained using RTK-GPS.
4. Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that describedly
Face control point is selected from surface mark point.
5. Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that describedly
Face index point is road junction, and/or water channel crosspoint, and/or house corner.
6. Mine production side slope soil erosion rate evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to invade
Etched groove DEM, buffering area DEM and erosion groove mean depth DEM are obtained using ArcGIS softwares.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107657618A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Regional scale erosion groove extraction method based on remote sensing image and terrain data |
| CN108180897A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sloping upland soil water reservoir capacity rate Method of fast estimating |
| CN108332719A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-07-27 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sloping upland soil cultivation erosion rate Method of fast estimating |
| CN110243347A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-17 | 西华师范大学 | A kind of erosion groove monitoring method based on close-range photogrammetry |
| CN112634389A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Strip mine plan drawing method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle, and server |
| CN115060231A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Soil erosion gully depth measuring and calculating method based on unmanned aerial vehicle image |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107657618A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-02 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Regional scale erosion groove extraction method based on remote sensing image and terrain data |
| CN107657618B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-07-07 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Automatic extraction method of regional scale erosion gully based on remote sensing image and topographic data |
| CN108180897A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sloping upland soil water reservoir capacity rate Method of fast estimating |
| CN108332719A (en) * | 2018-01-06 | 2018-07-27 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sloping upland soil cultivation erosion rate Method of fast estimating |
| CN110243347A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-17 | 西华师范大学 | A kind of erosion groove monitoring method based on close-range photogrammetry |
| CN112634389A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Strip mine plan drawing method and device based on unmanned aerial vehicle, and server |
| CN115060231A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Soil erosion gully depth measuring and calculating method based on unmanned aerial vehicle image |
| CN115060231B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-11-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Unmanned aerial vehicle image-based soil erosion trench depth measuring and calculating method |
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Application publication date: 20170609 |