CN106811214B

CN106811214B - External heat rotary equipment and organic material conversion process

Info

Publication number: CN106811214B
Application number: CN201510848348.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜良政
Original assignee: Hunan Dingjiu Energy Environment Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Dingjiu Energy Environment Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-11-27
Filing date: 2015-11-27
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2035-11-27
Also published as: CN106811214A

Abstract

The application discloses external heat rotary equipment which comprises a swing type rotary furnace, wherein a feeding end of a roller of the swing type rotary furnace is higher than a discharging end, a drying section and a dry distillation section are sequentially arranged in the roller, and a gas outlet is formed in the wall of a gas phase area of the roller; the driving device is arranged outside the roller and used for driving the roller to swing around the rotating axis in a reciprocating manner; the supporting device is arranged outside the roller and used for rotatably supporting the roller; the swing control device is connected with the driving device through a lead and is used for controlling the driving device to act; the outer cylinder wall of the roller is provided with an electric heater and/or a heating jacket. Because the swing type rotary furnace is adopted, the electric heater and/or the heating jacket can be arranged on the outer wall of the roller and is connected with the outside through the lead or the movable pipe component, the heating structure is simplified, the heating reliability is improved, and the maintenance is convenient. The application also discloses an organic material conversion process.

Description

External heat rotary equipment and organic material conversion process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to external heat rotary equipment. Also relates to an organic material conversion process.

Background

The conversion of organic materials, such as organic materials or organic waste, is usually done in rotary furnaces, one of the existing rotary furnaces for dry distillation consists of a drum, a head, a tail and an electromechanical heating device. The furnace end and the furnace tail fixedly surround the two ends of the roller to be rotationally sealed, the furnace end and the furnace tail are statically sealed, the roller continuously rotates through an external driving device, and the electric heater is arranged on the roller and is connected with external power supply equipment through an electric brush.

Because the dry distillation process needs a large-power electric heater, the requirement on the power supply reliability of the electric heater is high. The electric heater of the existing rotary furnace is connected with power supply equipment through an annular electric brush on the outer wall of the roller, so that the line loss of the electric brush exists, in order to reduce the current of the electric brush, a transformer is required to be arranged for high-voltage power supply, and the power supply equipment is very complex, low in reliability and large in loss. In addition, because the furnace end and the furnace tail are connected in a sealing way around the two ends of the roller, and the sealing surfaces of the two ends of the roller and the furnace end and the furnace tail are large, the roller is difficult to seal with the furnace end and the furnace tail, the air leakage rate is high, and particularly, the sealing effect is poor due to the expansion and contraction of the furnace body and the limitation of high-temperature dynamic sealing materials, so that the influence on the production process is large. In addition, as the roller continuously rotates, other pipelines and sensors cannot be arranged on the outer wall of the roller, so that accurate and effective process control cannot be carried out on materials at all axial positions in the roller.

In conclusion, how to solve the problems of complex structure and low reliability of the conventional rotary furnace becomes a problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an external heat rotating device, so as to simplify the heating structure of the device and improve the heating reliability.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a process for converting organic materials that improves the heat treatment results.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an external heat rotary apparatus comprising a swing type rotary furnace, the swing type rotary furnace comprising:

the feeding end of the roller is higher than the discharging end of the roller, a drying section and a dry distillation section are sequentially arranged in the roller from the feeding end to the discharging end, and a gas outlet is formed in the wall of a gas phase area of the roller;

the driving device is arranged outside the roller and is used for driving the roller to swing around the rotation axis of the swing type rotary furnace in a reciprocating manner;

the supporting device is arranged outside the roller and used for rotatably supporting the roller to swing around the rotating axis of the swing type rotary furnace in a reciprocating manner;

the swing control device is connected with the driving device through a lead and is used for controlling the driving device to act and controlling the radian and frequency of the reciprocating swing of the roller; and

the electric heater is arranged on the outer cylinder wall of the rotary drum and is connected with the detection control device of the swing type rotary furnace through a lead, the heating jacket is arranged outside the cylinder wall of the rotary drum, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the heating jacket and are used for being connected with external equipment through a movable pipe assembly.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary apparatus, an activation section is further disposed in the drum, the activation section is located between the dry distillation section and the discharge end, and a steam introduction assembly for introducing steam is disposed in a solid phase region of the activation section.

Preferably, the external heat rotating apparatus further includes:

the combined purification condenser is connected with the gas outlet through a movable pipe assembly;

and the gas fan is connected with a gas outlet of the combined purification condenser.

Preferably, the external heat rotating apparatus further includes:

the smoke outlet of the combustion equipment is connected with the heat medium inlet through the movable pipe assembly, and the combustion equipment is connected with the detection control device of the swing type rotary furnace through a lead;

and the induced draft fan is connected with the heat medium outlet through a movable pipe assembly.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary device, an outlet of the gas fan is connected to an inlet of the combustion device.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned external heat rotary equipment, still include the gas cleaning machine, the gas cleaning machine with the exit linkage of draught fan.

Preferably, in the above external heat rotary apparatus, a steam outlet is provided on a wall of the gas phase zone of the drying section, and the steam outlet is communicated with the first steam induced draft fan through a movable conduit assembly.

Preferably, in foretell outer hot rotary equipment, the steam export with still communicate between the first steam draught fan and be provided with steam condenser, steam condenser pass through movable pipe subassembly with the steam export is connected.

Preferably, the external heat rotating apparatus further includes:

the temperature sensor is arranged on the steam outlet or a steam pipeline connected with the steam outlet and is used for detecting the temperature of the gas passing through the steam outlet;

and the regulating valve is arranged on the steam pipeline or at the inlet of the first steam induced draft fan and is used for regulating the gas flow passing through the steam leading-out port.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary equipment, the first steam induced draft fan is a variable frequency induced draft fan, and is configured to adjust a gas flow passing through the steam outlet; the temperature sensor is arranged on the steam outlet or a steam pipeline connected with the steam outlet and used for detecting the temperature of the gas passing through the steam outlet.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary equipment, the non-condensable gas obtained after the condensation of the steam condenser is introduced into the combustion equipment.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary apparatus, a cooling section is further disposed in the drum, the cooling section is located between the activation section and the discharge end, a cooling jacket is disposed outside a drum wall of the cooling section, and a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are disposed on an outer wall of the cooling jacket.

Preferably, in the above external heat rotary apparatus, the cooling medium outlet is in communication with the steam introduction module.

Preferably, in foretell outer hot slewing equipment, still include be fixed in the cylinder or the second steam draught fan on the strutting arrangement, the second steam draught fan with steam export intercommunication, just the export of second steam draught fan with coolant inlet connects.

Preferably, in the above external heat rotary equipment, the external heat rotary equipment further comprises an air induced draft fan fixed to the drum or the support device, and an outlet of the air induced draft fan is connected to the cooling medium inlet.

Preferably, in the above external heat rotating apparatus, the steam introduction assembly includes:

the steam inlet is arranged on the wall of the activation section and is used for introducing steam into the activation section;

the steam distribution pipe is arranged in the solid phase area of the activation section, the steam distribution pipe is communicated with the steam inlet, and a plurality of steam outlet holes are formed in the pipe wall of the steam distribution pipe along the axis of the pipe wall and in the direction towards the inner wall of the roller;

set up in on the steam distribution pipe and be located the baffle of steam venthole both sides, the length direction of baffle with the radial section of cylinder is perpendicular for prevent that the material from getting into the steam venthole.

Preferably, the external heat rotating apparatus further includes: and the temperature sensor is arranged on the roller and is connected with the detection control device through a lead.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary device, the external heat rotary device further includes a valve disposed on the steam inlet, the valve is a manual valve and/or an automatic valve, and the automatic valve is connected to the detection control device through a wire.

Preferably, in the above external heat rotary apparatus, the number of the steam inlet and the steam distribution pipe is plural, each steam inlet is correspondingly connected with one steam distribution pipe, each steam inlet is provided with one valve, the axis of each steam distribution pipe is parallel to the axis of the rotary drum, and a plurality of the steam distribution pipes are arranged in sequence along the inner wall surface of the solid phase area of the activation section in an arc shape, the swing angle of the swing type rotary furnace is detected by a position sensor, when the swing type rotary furnace swings to a certain swing angle that the steam distribution pipe is covered by the solid materials in the solid phase area, the detection control device opens the valve of the steam distribution pipe corresponding to the swing angle, water vapor is introduced, and the valves corresponding to the steam distribution which are not covered by the carbonized material are controlled to be closed.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary apparatus, the electric heater is one or more of a heating wire heater, an electromagnetic heater, a microwave heater and a plasma heater.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary equipment, two ends of the drum are closed end faces, the feeding device of the drum is in rotary sealing communication with the feeding hole at the feeding end of the drum, the cross sectional area of the feeding hole is smaller than that of the feeding end, and the axis of the feeding hole is overlapped with the rotation axis of the oscillating rotary furnace;

the discharging device of the roller is communicated with the discharging end of the roller, the position which is in mutual rotating sealing fit with the discharging device is a roller material outlet, the cross sectional area of the roller material outlet is smaller than that of the discharging end, and the axis of the roller material outlet coincides with the rotating axis of the swing type rotary furnace.

Preferably, the external heat rotary equipment further comprises a cooler connected with a discharge port of the discharge device of the swing rotary furnace.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary apparatus, the apparatus further comprises a plurality of partition plates disposed in the drum, and the partition plates are provided with openings at positions close to the solid phase region of the drum.

Preferably, in the external heat rotary equipment, the external heat rotary equipment further comprises a plurality of movable chains arranged in the roller (2).

Preferably, in the external heat rotary equipment, a material turning plate is arranged in a solid phase region close to the discharge end in the drum.

The invention also provides an organic material conversion process, which comprises the following steps:

s01, drying and dry distillation carbonization are carried out on the organic materials in an electric heating mode and/or a mode of heating a jacket partition wall by using high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel, the temperature of the dried organic materials is raised to 100-150 ℃, and after dry distillation carbonization, the organic materials are subjected to pyrolysis reaction at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ to obtain pyrolysis gas and carbon.

Preferably, in the above organic material conversion process, after the dry distillation in step S01, the method further comprises the steps of:

s02, carrying out gas-solid separation on the obtained pyrolysis gas and the carbon, and carrying out partition wall cooling on the carbon to obtain a carbon product;

or the charcoal is heated in an electric heating mode and/or a mode of heating the wall of the jacket by using high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel and/or a mode of releasing heat by using an oxidation reaction of a solid material and oxygen-containing gas, the charcoal is contacted and activated with superheated steam at 800-1000 ℃ to generate activated carbon or activated coke, and gas-solid separation is carried out.

Preferably, in the above organic material conversion process, the method further comprises the steps of:

s03, cooling and condensing the pyrolysis gas, separating to obtain purified fuel gas, burning the fuel gas to obtain high-temperature flue gas, and heating the material by the jacket partition wall in the step S01 or the step S02.

s04, purifying the high-temperature flue gas heated by the dividing wall of the jacket and then discharging.

s05, cooling the activated carbon or the activated coke obtained in the step S02 through a jacket partition wall.

Preferably, in the above organic material conversion process, the material in the step S01 further comprises a step S06 after the completion of drying and before the dry distillation: the water vapor generated during the material drying is extracted from the drying process in advance, so that the water vapor amount entering the subsequent process is reduced.

Preferably, in the organic material conversion process, the pre-extraction operation of the water vapor in the step S06 is: and detecting the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process, judging whether the gas contains the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process according to the temperature of the gas, and reducing the amount of the dry distillation gas extracted along with the steam in the drying process by controlling the flow rate of the extracted gas.

Preferably, in the organic material conversion process, the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process in the step S06 is set to be 100 to 130 ℃.

Preferably, the organic material conversion process further includes a step S07, in which the activated carbon or activated coke in the step S05 is cooled by jacket partition wall using the steam extracted in advance in the step S06 to obtain superheated steam, and the superheated steam participates in the carbon activation reaction in the step S02.

s08, condensing and separating the water vapor extracted in advance in the step S06 to obtain non-condensable gas, and participating in the combustion in the step S01 and the step S02 to obtain high-temperature flue gas for heating the partition wall of the jacket.

s09, secondary partition cooling is performed on the activated carbon or activated coke subjected to the partition cooling of the jacket in the step S05.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the external heat rotary equipment provided by the invention adopts the swing type rotary furnace which rotates around the rotation axis in a reciprocating way, the feeding end of the roller of the swing type rotary furnace is higher than the discharging end, so that materials move in the roller from the feeding end to the discharging end in a reciprocating way along a zigzag path, corresponding drying and dry distillation processes are completed through a dry distillation section under the heat treatment action of an electric heater and/or a heating jacket on the outer wall of the roller, generated pyrolysis gas is discharged out of the roller through a gas outlet of a gas phase area of the roller, and the dry-distilled materials are discharged out of the roller from the discharging end. It is obvious that because of adopting the swing type rotary furnace, the roller only swings in a certain radian range in a reciprocating way, therefore, an electric heater and/or a heating jacket can be arranged on the outer wall of the roller, the electric heater is connected with external power supply equipment and a control device through a lead, the heating jacket is connected with the external equipment through a movable conduit component which can be turned and bent, the lead or the movable conduit component can not be wound on the roller, the electric heater and the power supply equipment are directly connected by the lead, the problems of brush line loss, current limitation and unreliable power supply existing in the prior art of brush conduction can not occur, the heat treatment of materials in the roller is ensured, a transformer for improving voltage does not need to be arranged, the electric heating structure is simplified, and the reliability of electric heating is improved. The heating jacket realizes the heating of the dividing wall of the material outside the roller, and has simple structure and convenient maintenance.

In the organic material conversion process provided by the invention, the heat treatment effect is improved by utilizing a mode of heating the partition wall by using high-temperature flue gas generated by burning fuel gas and/or an electric heating mode to dry and dry the material.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an external heat rotating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second external heat rotating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third external heat rotating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth external heat rotating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a concentric oscillating rotary kiln of an external heat rotary apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a swing process of a swing type rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a gas distribution pipe of a swing rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a partition plate of a swing type rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a material reversing plate of the swing type rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of a concentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of another concentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an external eccentric swinging rotary furnace of an external heat rotary device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of an eccentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of another eccentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of a third eccentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a driving device and a supporting device of a fourth eccentric oscillating rotary kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of an eccentric swinging rotary furnace in a cylinder of an external heat rotary device according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a feeding device of an external eccentric swinging rotary furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of a discharging device of an external eccentric swinging rotary furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of a discharging device of an external eccentric oscillating rotary kiln according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of a third discharging device of an external eccentric swinging eccentric rotary furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of a discharging device of a fourth drum-type external eccentric swinging eccentric rotary furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In fig. 1-22, 1 is a feeding device, 101 is a first gate valve, 102 is a second gate valve, 2 is a roller, 3 is a trunnion ring, 4 is a gear ring, 5 is a movable conduit assembly, 501 is a branch pipe, 502 is a rotary joint, 6 is a discharging device, 601 is an external fixed discharging pipe, 602 is a discharging pipe, 7 is a material turning plate, 8 is a temperature sensor, 9 is an electric control cabinet, 10 is a power part, 11 is a driving gear, 12 is a trunnion wheel, 13 is a movable chain, 14 is a clapboard, 15 is a counterweight balance block, 16 is a supporting roller, 17 is a supporting frame, 18 is a straight-through rotary joint, 19 is a heating jacket 191, 192 is a heat medium inlet, 192 is a heat medium outlet, 20 is an electric heater, 21 is a gas outlet, 22 is a cooler, 23 is a steam outlet, 24 is a combined purification condenser, 25 is a gas fan, 26 is a draught fan, 27 is a combustion device, 28 is a flue gas purifier, 28 is a gas purifier, 29 is a cooling jacket, 291 is a cooling medium inlet, 292 is a cooling medium outlet, 30 is a steam condenser, 31 is a first steam induced draft fan, 32 is an air induced draft fan, 33 is a steam inlet, 34 is a steam distribution pipe, 35 is a second steam induced draft fan, 36 is a baffle, A is the rotation axis of the swing type rotary furnace, and B is the axis of the roller.

Detailed Description

The core of the invention is to provide the external heat rotary equipment, which simplifies the structure and the process of the equipment, is convenient to maintain, has low failure rate and prolongs the service life.

The invention also provides a dry distillation process, which improves the heat treatment effect.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 5, 12 and 17, an embodiment of the present invention provides an external heat rotary apparatus including a swing type rotary furnace reciprocally rotating about a rotation axis, the swing type rotary furnace being divided into a center swing type rotary furnace and an eccentric swing type rotary furnace, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the concentric swing type rotary furnace, i.e., a rotation axis a of the rotary furnace coincides with an axis B of a drum 2; in FIG. 12, the rotary furnace is eccentrically swung outside the drum, that is, the rotation axis A of the rotary furnace is not overlapped with the axis B of the drum 2, and the rotation axis A of the rotary furnace is positioned outside the drum 2; FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the construction of an eccentric oscillating rotary kiln in a drum, i.e., the axis of rotation A of the rotary kiln is located inside the drum 2 and does not coincide with the axis B of the drum 2. The three swing type rotary furnaces comprise a roller 2, a driving device, a supporting device, a swing control device and a detection control device.

Wherein, the driving device is arranged outside the roller 2 and is used for driving the roller 2 to swing around the rotation axis of the swing type rotary furnace in a reciprocating way.

The supporting device is arranged outside the roller 2 and is used for rotatably supporting the roller 2 to swing back and forth around the rotating axis A of the swing type rotary furnace.

The swing control device is arranged outside the roller 2, is connected with the driving device through a lead and is used for controlling the action of the driving device, and further controls the radian of the reciprocating swing of the roller 2 through controlling the driving device, and in the embodiment, the radian of the reciprocating swing of the roller 2 is preferably 60-360 degrees, and more preferably 180-270 degrees.

The two ends of the roller 2 are respectively a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is higher than the discharging end of the roller 2, and preferably, the included angle between the axis of the roller 2 and the horizontal plane is 1-15 degrees. The material can slowly slide from the feeding end to the discharging end by self by means of dead weight in the roller 2, the discharging is more convenient, the sliding speed is moderate, and the process is finished. When the product is carbon, a drying section I and a dry distillation section II are sequentially arranged in the roller 2 from the feeding end to the discharging end, and a gas outlet 21 is arranged on the wall of a gas phase zone of the roller 2 and used for leading out pyrolysis gas generated by reaction in the roller 2; an electric heater 20 and/or a heating jacket 19 are/is arranged on the outer wall of the roller 2, the electric heater 20 is connected with the detection control device through a lead, the heating jacket 19 is arranged outside the wall of the roller, a heat medium inlet 191 and a heat medium outlet 192 are arranged on the outer wall of the heating jacket 19, the heat medium inlet 191 and the heat medium outlet 192 are used for being connected with external equipment through the movable conduit assembly 5 so as to lead in and lead out a heat medium from the outside to the heating jacket 19, and the heat medium can be high-temperature fluid, such as high-temperature water, high-temperature flue gas and the like. Both the electric heater 20 and the heating jacket 19 are used for indirectly heating the organic material of the drum 2 to perform the corresponding reaction.

When the external heat rotary equipment works, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 5, organic matters or organic garbage materials (hereinafter referred to as organic materials) are conveyed into the drum 2 through the feeding device 1, the driving device is controlled by the control device to act, the drum 2 is driven by the driving device to swing in a reciprocating manner, the materials gradually move to the discharge end along a zigzag track under the action of the inclination angle of the drum 2 and the reciprocating swing of the drum 2, a heating jacket 19 is preferably adopted to heat the materials in the drying section I, and the materials can be heated by the electric heater 20 and/or the heating jacket 19 in the dry distillation section II to finish the drying and dry distillation treatment. Pyrolysis gas generated after the materials are dried and dry distilled is discharged out of the roller 2 from the gas outlet 21, and the obtained carbon is discharged out of the roller 2 through the discharging device 6.

The external heat rotary equipment adopts the swing type rotary furnace, the roller 2 of the external heat rotary equipment swings back and forth within a certain radian range, therefore, the electric heater 20 and/or the heating jacket 19 can be directly arranged on the outer wall of the roller 2, the electric heater 20 is directly connected with external power supply equipment and a control device through a lead, the heat medium inlet 191 and the heat medium outlet 192 of the heating jacket 19 are connected with the external equipment through the movable conduit assembly 5, the lead and the movable conduit assembly 5 cannot be wound on the roller 2 in the swinging process of the roller 2, and the normal work is ensured. The electric heater 20 does not need to be provided with an annular electric brush, so that the problems of electric brush line loss, current limitation, unreliable power supply, complex power supply equipment and the like in the prior art can be solved.

As shown in FIG. 1, the organic material is pyrolyzed during the dry distillation process to generate pyrolysis gas, which is complicated, and as a result, bonds of macromolecular carbon hydrates are broken to separate out a large amount of volatile matters (mainly comprising H)₂、CO、CO₂、CH₄Tar and other hydrocarbons) into the pyrolysis gas to produce a large amount of tar and fuel gas (for chlorine-containing organic matter such as garbage, etc., most of the chlorine in the organic matter is in the form of HCL and CL at high temperature₂Is removed into the pyrolysis gas). In order to extract useful substances in the pyrolysis gas, the external heat rotary device in the embodiment further includes a combined purification condenser 24 and a gas fan 25 on the basis of the previous embodiment, the combined purification condenser 24 is connected with the gas outlet 21 through the movable duct assembly 5, and the gas fan 25 is connected with the gas outlet of the combined purification condenser 24. Through the suction effect of the gas fan 25, the pyrolysis gas in the drum 2 enters the combined purification condenser 24 through the gas outlet 21 to complete the purification and cooling of the pyrolysis gas, the tar and the water vapor in the pyrolysis gas are cooled into liquid, the gas in the pyrolysis gas is purified, and the gas is pumped out from the gas outlet of the combined purification condenser 24 and is conveyed to other places needing the gas.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, if the heat medium is high-temperature flue gas, the external heat rotary device needs to be provided with a combustion device 27 and an induced draft fan 26, the combustion device 27 can be a combustion furnace or a burner, the flue gas outlet of the combustion device 27 is connected with the heat medium inlet 191 of the heating jacket 19 through the movable duct assembly 5, and the combustion device 27 is connected with the control device through a lead; the induced draft fan 26 is connected with the heat medium outlet 192 of the heating jacket 19 through the movable duct assembly 5. Gas or fuel oil and air are introduced into the combustion equipment 27, the gas or fuel oil is combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet of the combustion equipment 27, and under the suction action of the induced draft fan 26, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heating jacket 19 to provide a heat source from the outside, so that the heating of the partition walls of the materials in the roller 2 is realized. After heating is completed, the induced draft fan 26 draws the flue gas out of the heating jacket 19.

For optimization, the heat medium inlet 191 is arranged close to the discharge end, and the heat medium outlet 192 is arranged close to the feed end, so that the flowing direction of the heat medium in the heating jacket 19 is opposite to the moving direction of the materials in the roller 2, the heat transfer temperature difference is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. Of course, the heat medium inlet 191 and the heat medium outlet 192 may be disposed at other positions. The combustion equipment 27 is connected with the detection control device, and the combustion amount of fuel gas or fuel oil of the combustion equipment 27 can be controlled through the detection control device, so that the reaction temperature of the materials can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 2, in order to utilize the fuel gas in the pyrolysis gas, in the present embodiment, an outlet of the fuel gas fan 25 is connected to an inlet of the combustion device 27. Namely, the gas obtained after the pyrolysis gas is purified in the combined purification condenser 24 is introduced into the combustion equipment 27 to participate in the combustion of the gas, so as to obtain high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the heating jacket 19 to heat the partition wall of the material in the drum 2. Therefore, the fuel gas in the pyrolysis gas is directly used for the self heat treatment process in the drying and dry distillation processes, the equipment for conveying, storing and the like of the pyrolysis gas is omitted, and the heat efficiency is improved.

Further, in order to treat the flue gas in the heating jacket 19, as shown in fig. 2, the external heat rotary device in this embodiment further includes a flue gas purifier 28 connected to an outlet of the induced draft fan 26, so as to purify the flue gas and discharge the purified flue gas, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

As shown in fig. 3, for organic materials with high water content, more water vapor is generated during drying, the water vapor enters into pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated during condensation and purification, a large amount of cold energy (cooling water) is consumed during condensation, and a large amount of condensed black liquor is generated and needs to be treated; meanwhile, because the pyrolysis gas contains a large amount of water vapor, the hot pyrolysis gas discharged from the furnace cannot be directly combusted and utilized (the combustion effect is influenced, namely, on one hand, the water vapor dilutes the concentration of the fuel gas to influence the combustion of the fuel gas, and on the other hand, the water vapor absorbs heat in the combustion process to influence the flame temperature); during the dry distillation process, the water vapor is heated from about 100 ℃ to 500-700 ℃, and a large amount of energy is consumed; if the raw materials are dried in a drying device and then dry distilled in an external heat rotary device, the number of devices and the complexity of the process are increased.

In order to solve the above problem, the organic material conversion apparatus of this embodiment further includes a steam outlet 23 disposed on the wall of the gas phase zone of the drying section i, and the steam outlet 23 is communicated with the first steam induced draft fan 31 through the movable conduit assembly 5. Through the suction effect of first steam draught fan 31, a large amount of steam that will dry section I heating organic material produced is taken out from dry section I in advance, reduces the volume that steam got into subsequent technology section. The drying and dry distillation can be carried out in one device, thereby simplifying the device and the process.

Further, the outer hot slewing equipment in this embodiment still includes steam condenser 30, and steam condenser 30 sets up between steam delivery outlet 23 and first steam draught fan 31, and steam is discharged from steam delivery outlet 23, forms condensate water and noncondensable gas through steam condenser 30 cooling, and the noncondensable gas is discharged through first steam draught fan 31. The first steam induced draft fan 31 is protected from high temperature damage.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to better implement the water vapor pre-separation in the drying section i, in the present embodiment, a temperature sensor 8 is provided at the steam outlet 23 or the steam pipe connected to the steam outlet 23, for detecting the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying section i through the steam outlet 23; a regulating valve is arranged on the steam pipeline or at the inlet of the first steam induced draft fan 31 and used for regulating the flow of the gas passing through the steam outlet 23. Or no regulating valve is arranged, the first steam induced draft fan 31 is a variable frequency induced draft fan, the gas flow passing through the steam outlet 23 is controlled by the variable frequency induced draft fan, and the gas components are divided into the water vapor in the drying section I by controlling the gas flow. Due to the overlarge flow, the dry distillation gas in the dry distillation section II can be supplemented into the water vapor and is discharged out of the drum 2 along with the water vapor from the steam outlet 23. Therefore, it is necessary to control the opening degree of the regulating valve and control the flow rate of the gas from the steam outlet 23. The control of the regulating valve is carried out according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 8 on the gas at the steam outlet 23, and as the temperature of the steam at the drying section I is generally 100-120 ℃, and the temperature of the dry distillation gas generated at the dry distillation section II is generally more than 180 ℃, when the temperature of the gas at the steam outlet 23 detected by the temperature sensor 8 is 100-130 ℃, the gas is mainly the steam at the drying section I; when the gas temperature of the steam outlet 23 detected by the temperature sensor 8 exceeds the temperature range of the water steam, it is indicated that the gas is mixed with the dry distillation gas of the dry distillation section II, and the opening of the regulating valve needs to be reduced or the power frequency of the variable-frequency induced draft fan needs to be changed. Therefore, the gas flow of the steam leading-out port 23 is controlled by the adjusting valve and the variable-frequency induced draft fan, so that the temperature of the steam leading-out port 23 is controlled to be 100-130 ℃, and more preferably 110-120 ℃, and therefore the water vapor pre-separation of the organic material with high water content generated in the drying section I is realized. A large amount of water vapor is prevented from entering the dry distillation pyrolysis gas along with the organic materials in the high-temperature process of the dry distillation process, so that the energy consumption of the dry distillation process of the organic materials is reduced, the water vapor content in the dry distillation pyrolysis gas is reduced, the yield of the condensed black liquor of the dry distillation pyrolysis gas is correspondingly reduced, the concentration of the condensed black liquor is improved, and the resource utilization of the condensed black liquor is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 3, since the noncondensable gas is combustible, in order to condense the noncondensable gas separated by the pre-separation steam, in the present embodiment, the noncondensable gas condensed by the steam condenser 30 is introduced into the combustion device 27. Specifically, the outlet of the first steam induced draft fan 31 may be connected to the combustion device 27, and the non-condensable gas is directly introduced into the combustion device 27. Or the outlet of the first steam induced draft fan 27 is converged with the outlet of the gas fan 25 and then connected to the combustion equipment 27, so that the non-condensable gas and the gas obtained after condensation pyrolysis gas are mixed and then introduced into the combustion equipment 27. Alternatively, only the gas fan 25 is used to suck the non-condensable gas in the steam condenser 30 into the combustion device 27 through the regulating valve, as long as the non-condensable gas can be fed into the combustion device 27.

In this embodiment, a cooling section iv is disposed in the drum 2 of the external heat rotary equipment, the cooling section iv is located between the dry distillation section ii and the discharge end, a cooling jacket 29 is disposed outside the drum wall of the cooling section iv, and a cooling medium inlet 291 and a cooling medium outlet 292 are disposed on the outer wall of the cooling jacket 29 for introducing a cooling medium to perform partition cooling on the carbon generated after the dry distillation in the drum 2.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the external heat rotary equipment further comprises a cooler 22, as shown in fig. 1-3, the cooler 22 is connected to the discharge port of the discharging device 6, and the charcoal which is subjected to partition wall cooling in the cooling section iv enters the cooler 22 for further partition wall cooling until the temperature is normal, so as to obtain the charcoal product.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, in order to facilitate control of the temperature inside the drum 2, a temperature sensor 8 is provided on the drum 2, preferably, the temperature sensor 8 is provided in the gas phase region, and the temperature sensor 8 is connected to the detection control device by a wire. The reaction temperature in the drum 2 is detected by the temperature sensor 8, and the detection control means controls the electric heater 20 and/or the combustion device 27 based on the temperature information, thereby precisely controlling the temperature in the drum 2. Because the swing type rotary furnace is adopted, the temperature sensor 8 can be directly arranged on the roller 2 and is connected with an external detection control device through a lead, and the transmission reliability of temperature information is improved.

The present embodiment optimizes the electric heater 20, the electric heater 20 may be one or more combinations of heating wire heaters, electromagnetic heaters, microwave heaters or plasma heaters, and the electric heater 20 is selected according to the process requirements.

As shown in fig. 1-3 and 8, the external heat rotary equipment in the embodiment further includes a plurality of partition plates 14 disposed in the drum 2, specifically, the partition plates 14 may be disposed between the drying section i, the dry distillation section ii and the cooling section iv, and the partition plates 14 may be disposed in each process section. Preferably, the plate surface of the partition 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the drum 2, and the partition 14 is provided with an opening at a portion located in the solid phase zone of the drum 2. The purpose of the partition 14 is to divide the drum 2 into a plurality of temperature zones, so that the drum 2 has a temperature gradient along the axial direction thereof, thereby achieving better heat transfer and improving heat transfer efficiency. The openings in the partition 14 are located in the solid phase zone of the drum 2, enabling the material to pass through the openings into the next temperature zone. Of course, the partition 14 may not be provided, and the temperature gradient is obvious only after the partition 14 is not provided, and the heat transfer effect is not as good as that after the partition 14 is provided.

Further, as shown in fig. 1-4 and 6, in the present embodiment, the external heat rotating apparatus further includes a plurality of movable chains 13 disposed inside the drum 2. The movable chain 13 can be arranged on the inner wall of the roller 2, one end of the movable chain 13 is fixed on the inner wall of the roller 2, the other end of the movable chain is not fixed, or two ends of the movable chain are fixed on the inner wall of the roller 2, along with the reciprocating swing of the roller 2, the movable chain 13 continuously slides relative to the wall surface in the roller 2, on one hand, the material attached to the wall surface can be cleaned, on the other hand, the movable chain 13 can push the material to move to the discharge end, and the material is convenient to convey. The movable chain 13 can also enhance the heat transfer from the cylinder wall to the material. The movable chain 13 can also be arranged on the partition plate 14, two ends of the movable chain 13 are respectively fixed on two plate surfaces of the partition plate 14, the movable chain 13 penetrates through an opening of the partition plate 14, and the movable chain 13 can swing back and forth at the opening along with the back and forth swing of the roller 2, so that the partition plate 14 is prevented from being blocked; of course, both ends of the movable chain passing through the partition 14 may also be fixed on the upper cylinder wall of the drum 2, or one end is fixed on the cylinder wall of the drum 2, and the other end is fixed on the plate surface of the partition 14, and the movable chain 13 passing through the opening of the partition 14 may be suspended, or may partially contact and slide with the inner wall of the drum 2, preferably contact and slide, so as to prevent the material from being deposited on the wall, and improve the heat transfer efficiency. Of course, the installation form of the movable chain 13 is not limited to the form exemplified in the present embodiment.

Further, as shown in fig. 1-4, 9 and 11, the external heating rotary device in this embodiment further includes a material turning plate 7 disposed inside the drum 2, a length direction of the material turning plate 7 is parallel to an axis of the drum 2, and the material turning plate 7 turns up the material to fully disperse the material along with the swing of the drum 2. Preferably, for the concentric swinging rotary furnace and the eccentric swinging rotary furnace in the cylinder, the material turning plate 7 is arranged at the position of the discharge end close to the discharging device 6, so that the material can be more conveniently guided to the discharging device 6. For the rotary furnace with eccentric swinging outside the cylinder, the discharging end can be provided with no material turning plate 7.

The production process of the carbon of the external heat rotary equipment comprises the following steps:

when the product is char, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the swing type rotary kiln is operated, and the drum 2 is alternately rotated in clockwise and counterclockwise directionsIn operation, organic materials to be processed are conveyed into the roller 2 through the feeding device 1, and the electric heater 20 and/or the combustion equipment 27 are started to combust fuel gas or fuel oil; the materials roll and slide in the solid phase region in the roller 2 along with the swinging rotation of the roller 2 and move along the slope to the discharge end along the zigzag path, and the movable chain 13 fixed on the inner wall of the solid phase region in the roller 2 slides along with the materials, so that the materials can be prevented from being adhered to the wall, and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved; when the materials pass through the drying section I, the materials are heated by the heating jacket 19 to 100-150 ℃, continuously enter the dry distillation section II, are heated by the electric heater 20 and/or the heating jacket 19 to the set temperature of 500-700 ℃, the organic materials are pyrolyzed at high temperature, the pyrolysis process is very complicated, and as a result, bonds of macromolecular carbon hydrates are broken, and a large amount of volatile matters (mainly comprising H) are separated out₂、CO、CO₂、CH₄Tar and other hydrocarbons) into the pyrolysis gas, producing large quantities of tar (biomass oil) and fuel gas (for chlorine-containing organic matter such as garbage, etc., most of the chlorine in the organic matter is in the form of HCL and CL at high temperature₂Is removed into the pyrolysis gas); the operation of the electric heater 20 and/or the combustion device 27 is controlled by the temperature sensor 8 and the detection control means to maintain the temperature within a set range. Combustible gas generated in the dry distillation process of the materials is exhausted out of the drum 2 through the gas outlet 21 under the suction action of the gas fan 25. And (3) the charcoal formed after the organic matter dry distillation is moved along a zigzag route along the gradient along the movement of the swing type rotary furnace, enters a cooling section IV, is cooled by a partition wall of a cooling jacket 29, is discharged out of the roller 2 through a discharging device 6, enters a cooler 22, is cooled to normal temperature, and is discharged out of the cooler 22, so that a biochar product is obtained.

The pyrolysis gas in the roller 2 is extracted from the roller 2 and then enters a combined purification condenser 24; cooling the pyrolysis gas to 30-50 ℃ by cooling water in the combined purification condenser 24, and condensing the biomass tar and water vapor in the pyrolysis gas into liquid; in the case of chlorine-containing pyrolysis gas, HCL and CL in the pyrolysis gas₂Washed and removed by alkaline water in the combined purification condenser 24; the combined purifying condenser 24 purifies to obtain clean fuel gas, the fuel gas fan 25 sends the fuel gas to a combustion device 27 and other purposes, and the fuel gas fan 25 sucks the fuel gasThe inside of the drum 2 is kept at a negative pressure of 10 to 200 Pa.

When the gas in the pyrolysis gas is used for combustion of the combustion equipment 27, the gas is mixed with air in the combustion equipment 27 for combustion, flue gas with high temperature of 600-1000 ℃ is generated, the flue gas enters the heating jacket 19 through the movable pipe assembly 5 under the suction action of the draught fan 26, the high-temperature flue gas surrounds the roller 2 in the heating jacket 19 to heat materials in the roller 2, the high-temperature flue gas flows from the discharge end to the feed end in the heating jacket 19, the materials in the roller 2 move from the feed end to the discharge end of the roller 2, the flue gas and the materials conduct heat in a countercurrent mode, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 120-300 ℃. The flue gas is pumped out of the heating jacket 19 by the induced draft fan 26, enters the flue gas purifier 28, is purified and then is discharged.

If be high moisture content organic material, then produce a large amount of steam in drying section I, separate I steam of drying section from steam delivery outlet 23 in advance through first steam draught fan 31, through the condensation of steam condenser 30, noncondensable gas lets in combustion apparatus 27 and participates in the burning, perhaps directly discharges.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, another external heat rotary apparatus for producing activated carbon or activated coke is provided in the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of the external heat rotary equipment for producing carbon, an activation section III is further arranged in the roller 2 and is positioned between the dry distillation section II and the discharge end, and a steam leading-in assembly for leading in steam is arranged in a solid phase area of the activation section III. The activation section III is likewise heated by means of an electric heater 20 and/or a heating jacket 19, and may also be internally heated by means of the exothermic reaction of part of the char with the oxygen-containing gas. After the organic material passes through the dry distillation section II, the obtained carbonized material continuously enters the activation section III, and is subjected to activation reaction with water vapor in the activation section III to generate active carbon or active coke. The external heat rotary equipment for producing the activated carbon or the activated coke can also be provided with a combustion device 27, a combined purification condenser 24, a steam outlet 23, a temperature sensor 8, a partition plate 14, a movable chain 13, a material turning plate 7 and the like, and any technical scheme suitable for the external heat rotary equipment for producing the activated carbon or the activated carbon can be applied to the external heat rotary equipment for producing the activated carbon or the activated carbon.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 7, the present embodiment provides a specific steam introduction assembly including a steam inlet 33, a steam distribution pipe 34 and a baffle plate 36. Wherein, the steam inlet 33 is arranged on the cylinder wall of the activation section III, can be arranged on the cylinder wall of the solid phase region or the cylinder wall of the gas phase region, and is used for introducing an activating agent (water vapor) into the activation section III; preferably, the steam distribution pipe 34 is a straight pipe, the axis of the steam distribution pipe 34 is parallel to the axis of the drum 2 and is arranged in the solid phase region of the activation section iii, the steam distribution pipe 34 is communicated with the steam inlet 33, two ends of the steam distribution pipe 34 are sealed, a plurality of steam outlet holes 341 with openings oriented to the drum wall along the axis of the steam distribution pipe 34 are formed in the pipe wall of the steam distribution pipe 34, and the aperture of each steam outlet hole 341 is 2 mm-15 mm; in order to prevent the material from entering the steam distribution pipe 34 through the steam outlet holes 341, two baffles 36 are arranged on two sides of the steam outlet holes 341 of the steam distribution pipe 34, and the length direction of the baffles 36 is parallel to the axis of the steam distribution pipe 34, so that the steam outlet holes 341 are protected between the two baffles 36, the probability that the material enters the steam distribution pipe 34 is reduced, and meanwhile, when the material covers the steam distribution pipe 24, a steam distribution channel is formed between the two baffles 33, and the steam circulation is smooth. And introducing water vapor into the solid phase region of the activation section III through a vapor inlet 33, wherein the water vapor is fully contacted with the carbonized material to generate an activation reaction, and active carbon or active coke is generated. Of course, the steam inlet assembly may have other structures, such as a ring-shaped structure of the steam distribution pipe 34, as long as the steam can be introduced into the solid phase region of the activation section iii.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, a cooling section iv is further disposed between the activation section iii and the discharge end in the drum 2, a cooling jacket 29 is disposed outside a drum wall of the cooling section iv, and the cooling jacket 29 is provided with a cooling medium inlet 291 and a cooling medium outlet 292 for introducing a cooling medium to perform partition wall cooling on activated carbon or activated coke generated after activation. The cooling medium may be a fluid medium such as water vapor or cooling water. Of course, the cooling section IV and the cooling jacket 29 may not be provided.

Preferably, the cooling medium adopts water vapor, and the cooling medium outlet 292 is communicated with the vapor leading-in assembly, and particularly, the cooling medium outlet 292 is connected with the vapor inlet 33 on the activation section III. Thus, when the steam exchanges heat in the cooling jacket 29, the steam is heated to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is introduced into the activation section III to be directly used for activation reaction, so that the waste heat of the activated carbon or the activated coke is utilized, the heat efficiency is improved, and the steam can be provided by external equipment, such as a steam boiler.

As shown in fig. 4, for the treatment of the high water content organic material, after the steam pre-separation in the drying section i, in order to utilize the steam of the drying section i, in this embodiment, a second steam induced draft fan 35 is disposed on the drum 2 or the supporting device, the second steam induced draft fan 35 is communicated with the steam outlet 23, and the outlet of the second steam induced draft fan 35 is connected with the cooling medium inlet 291. Thus, part or all of the water vapor pre-separated in the drying section I is introduced into the cooling jacket 29, heated to form superheated water vapor, and then introduced into the activation section III for activation reaction. The arrangement can realize the self supply of the water vapor for the activation reaction, does not need to be externally provided for supplying the water vapor, and simplifies equipment and process. Of course, it is also possible to use steam supplied from a steam supply and an external device (e.g., a boiler) together, or to use steam supplied from an external device alone.

Of course, the steam pre-separated in the drying section i can be divided into two paths, one path is condensed, the obtained non-condensable gas is introduced into the combustion equipment 27, and the other path is introduced into the cooling jacket 29 through the second steam induced draft fan 35. It is also possible to provide only one of them or to discharge them directly. And selecting according to the process requirements.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, an air induced draft fan 32 may be further disposed on the drum 2 or the supporting device, an outlet of the air induced draft fan 32 is communicated with the cooling medium inlet 291, and is used for introducing air into the cooling medium inlet 291, introducing the air and the steam into the cooling jacket 29, and finally entering the activation section iii, where the air and a part of the carbonized material may undergo an oxidation reaction to release heat, and the activation section iii is heated from inside, thereby improving heating efficiency.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to realize accurate detection and control of the process reaction temperature and the activation process, in the present embodiment, a valve is provided at the steam inlet 33, and the valve is a manual valve and/or an automatic valve, and the automatic valve is connected with the detection control device through a wire. The detection control device controls the valve opening of the steam inlet 33 according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor 8, and realizes the accurate control of the reaction temperature and the activation reaction degree of the corresponding process section in the roller 2 by controlling the amount of the entering water vapor and the heating degree of the electric heater 20.

When the activation section III is internally heated by the heat release of the oxidation reaction of the oxygen-containing gas and part of the carbonized materials, a valve can be arranged at the outlet of the air induced draft fan 35, the detection control device controls the valve opening of the steam inlet 33 and the valve opening of the outlet of the air induced draft fan 35 according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor 8, and the accurate control of the reaction temperature of the corresponding process section in the roller 2 is realized by controlling the amount of the entering water vapor and the amount of the oxygen-containing gas and controlling the heating degree of the electric heater 20. Specifically, when the temperature is lower than the set lower limit value, a valve at the outlet of the air induced draft fan 35 is opened to cause the carbonized material and the introduced oxygen-containing gas to perform oxidation reaction to release heat, and when the temperature is higher than the set upper limit value, the valve is closed.

In order to bring the carbonized material in the activation section iii into sufficient contact with the steam, in this embodiment, the number of the steam inlets 33 and the steam distribution pipes 34 is preferably plural, each steam inlet 33 is correspondingly connected with one steam distribution pipe 34, each steam inlet 33 is provided with a valve, i.e., each steam distribution pipe 34 is controlled by a separate valve, the axis of each steam distribution pipe 34 is parallel to the axis of the drum 2, and these steam distribution pipes 34 are personally submitted the arc and arrange in proper order along the solid phase district's of activation section III inner wall, and every steam distribution pipe 34 all has its own specific arrangement angle, arranges the angle for the axis that passes through every steam distribution pipe 34 and cylinder 2 axis and the cylinder 2 is in the contained angle between the vertical plane through cylinder 2 axis when standing, and these steam distribution pipes 34 are preferably arranged for this vertical plane bilateral symmetry. When the swing type rotary furnace swings to a swing angle at which a certain steam distribution pipe 34 is covered by solid materials in a solid phase region, the detection control device opens a valve of the steam distribution pipe 34 corresponding to the swing angle (usually a certain angle interval), water vapor is introduced into the steam distribution pipe 34, the water vapor is introduced into the solid materials covered on the steam distribution pipe 34 through a steam outlet hole on the steam distribution pipe 34, and the detection control device controls the valves corresponding to the rest steam distribution pipes 34 which are not covered by the carbonized materials to be closed at the same time. Different swing angle intervals of the swing type rotary furnace respectively correspond to different arrangement angles of the steam distribution pipes 34, so that when solid materials move to each steam distribution pipe 34 in the III solid phase region of the activation section, the steam distribution pipes 34 are ensured to be introduced with steam, the steam is fully contacted with high-temperature carbon materials needing to be activated, and the activation efficiency is improved.

Specifically, two position sensors are arranged at the swing limit position (namely, the position for changing the swing direction) of the swing type rotary furnace, the position sensors are components of a swing control device, the triggering time of the position sensors is taken as a reference, the swing angle reached by the swing type rotary furnace is calculated according to the rotating angular speed and the swing time of the swing type rotary furnace, a certain steam distribution pipe 34 corresponding to the swing angle is covered by solid materials at the moment, and the detection control device controls the opening of a valve corresponding to the steam distribution pipe 34 and controls the closing of valves corresponding to the other steam distribution pipes 34. Namely, the triggering time of the position sensor is taken as a reference, the detection control device closes or opens the valve of a certain steam distribution pipe 34 according to the rotating angular speed of the swing type rotary furnace and the arrangement angle of each steam distribution pipe 34 and respectively sets the opening time, the opening time length and the closing time of the valve corresponding to each steam distribution pipe 34, so as to respectively control the time parameter of introducing the water steam into each steam distribution pipe 34. Of course, other ways of achieving this process objective are also possible. Of course, the valves may be disposed at other required positions, such as the cooling medium inlet 291, the cooling medium outlet 292, the outlet of the air induced draft fan 35, and the like, as long as the process control is facilitated, and the valves are not particularly limited herein.

The production process of the activated carbon or the activated coke of the external heat rotary equipment comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the swing type rotary kiln operates, the drum 2 alternately rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, organic materials to be treated are conveyed into the drum 2 through the feeding device 1, and the electric heater 20 and/or the combustion device 27 is started to combust fuel gas or oil; the materials roll and slide in the solid phase region in the roller 2 along with the swinging and rotation of the roller 2 and move along a zigzag path to the discharging end along the gradient, and a movable chain 13 fixed on the inner wall of the solid phase region in the roller 2 slides along with the materials; when the material passes through the drying section I, the material is heated to 100-150 ℃, when the material enters the dry distillation section II, the material is heated by the electric heater 20 and/or the heating jacket 19 to be heated to the set temperature of 500-700 ℃, the organic matter is pyrolyzed at high temperature, the pyrolysis process is very complicated, and as a result, the bonds of macromolecular carbon hydrate are broken, and a large amount of volatile matters (mainly comprising H) are separated out₂、CO、CO₂、CH₄Tar and other hydrocarbons) into the pyrolysis gas, producing large quantities of tar (biomass oil) and fuel gas (for chlorine-containing organic matter such as garbage, etc., most of the chlorine in the organic matter is in the form of HCL and CL at high temperature₂Is removed into the pyrolysis gas); the operation of the electric heater 20 and/or the combustion device 27 is controlled by the temperature sensor 8 and the control means to maintain the temperature within a set range. The carbon formed after the organic matter is subjected to dry distillation enters an activation section III, the temperature is raised to 800-1000 ℃, and the carbonized material and the water vapor introduced into the activation section III through a vapor introduction assembly are subjected to an activation reaction to generate activated carbon or activated coke; the pyrolysis gas generated in the drum 2 is exhausted out of the drum 2 through the gas outlet 21 under the suction action of the gas fan 25, and the active carbon or the active coke enters the cold section IV and is cooled by the partition wall of the cooling jacket 29. Then along with the movement of the swing type rotary furnace, the active carbon or the active coke moves along the slope along the zigzag path to enter a discharging end, is discharged out of the roller 2 through the discharging device 6 to enter the cooler 22, and is discharged out of the cooler 22 after being cooled to the normal temperature, so that the active carbon or the active coke product is obtained.

The pyrolysis gas in the roller 2 is extracted from the roller 2 and enters the combined purification coolerA condenser 24; cooling the pyrolysis gas to 30-50 ℃ by cooling water in the combined purification condenser 24, and condensing the biomass tar and water vapor in the pyrolysis gas into liquid; in the case of chlorine-containing pyrolysis gas, HCL and CL in the pyrolysis gas₂Washed and removed by alkaline water in the combined purification condenser 24; the combined purification condenser 24 purifies to obtain clean fuel gas, the fuel gas fan 25 sends out the fuel gas to the combustion equipment 27 and other purposes, and the suction of the fuel gas fan 25 keeps 10-200 Pa negative pressure in the roller 2.

If the organic material with high water content is the organic material with high water content, a large amount of water vapor is generated in the drying section I, the water vapor is discharged out of the drying section I through the vapor guide outlet 23, the water vapor is sucked by the first vapor draught fan 31 and condensed by the vapor condenser 30 in one path to obtain non-condensable gas, and the non-condensable gas is sent into the combustion equipment 27 for combustion; the other path is sent into the cooling jacket 29 through a second steam induced draft fan 35, is heated to be superheated steam and then is introduced into the activation section III, and the steam and the air sent into the cooling jacket 29 through the air induced draft fan 35 can be introduced into the activation section III together.

It can be seen that the external heat rotary device of the present invention can directly install the electric heater 20, the heating jacket 19, the temperature sensor 8, the cooling jacket 29 on the outer wall of the drum 2 and is connected with the external device through the wire or the movable duct assembly 5. The electric heating structure is simplified, the power supply is reliable, the heating jacket 19 can be arranged, the heating efficiency is improved, and the automatic and accurate detection and control of the material reaction temperature in the roller 2 are realized through the temperature sensor 8 and the control device. The gas in the pyrolysis gas is directly combusted to obtain high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is introduced into the heating jacket 19 to heat the partition wall of the material, so that the energy utilization rate is high. The water vapor pre-separated in the drying section I is supplied for the activation reaction of the activation section III, so that the material utilization rate is improved, and the equipment and the process are simplified.

The external heat rotary equipment is further optimized, as shown in fig. 1-5 and 12, in this embodiment, two ends of the drum 2 are closed end faces, a feed port is arranged at the feed end of the drum 2, the axis of the feed port coincides with the rotation axis a of the swing type rotary furnace, the feed device 1 is in rotary seal communication with the feed port, the seal mode can adopt dynamic and static seal modes such as packing seal, mechanical seal and the like, the feed device 1 is fixed and fixed, the drum 2 can rotate relative to the feed device 1, dynamic and static seal is arranged between the drum 2 and the feed port, the cross section area of the feed port is smaller than that of the feed end, the cross section is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the drum 2, and the conveying axis of the feed device 1 (i.e. the axis of the drum 2 rotating relative to the feed device 1, i.e..

Discharging device 6 communicates and sets up in the discharge end of cylinder 2, the sealed complex position of mutually rotating with discharging device 6 in the oscillating rotary furnace is cylinder material export 201, the material is followed cylinder material export 201 and is discharged cylinder 2 or discharging device 6, the cross-sectional area of cylinder material export 201 is less than the cross-sectional area of discharge end, the axis of cylinder material export 201 and the rotation axis A coincidence of oscillating rotary furnace, the axis of delivery (being the axis of cylinder material export 201) of discharging device 6 and the rotation axis A coincidence of oscillating rotary furnace.

The connection mode of the feeding device 1 and the discharging device 6 with the roller 2 is compared with the connection mode that the outer circumferences of the two ends of the opening of the roller 2 are surrounded by the furnace head and the furnace tail in the prior art in a rotating mode, the sealing surface is reduced, the sealing is easy, the sealing can be realized by adopting an ordinary sealing piece, the air leakage is not easy, and the sealing performance of the equipment is improved.

As shown in fig. 1-5, 12, 17, 18, further, the present embodiment provides a specific feeding device 1, and the feeding device 1 may be a screw feeding conveyor or a piston feeding machine. As shown in fig. 1-5, 12 and 17, the spiral feeding conveyor is a circular tube structure, a spiral mechanism is arranged in the circular tube, one end of the feeding device 1 is provided with a bin with an upward opening, for the concentric swing rotary furnace and the eccentric swing rotary furnace in the drum, the circular tube of the spiral feeding conveyor is in rotary sealing connection with the end surface of the feeding end of the drum 2, the circular tube can be in rotary connection with the end surface of the feeding end through a straight-through rotary joint (the straight-through rotary joint is a dynamic and static sealing connecting piece), and the conveying axis of the spiral feeding conveyor coincides with the rotary axis of the drum 2. If a piston feeder is adopted, the structure of which is the same as that in fig. 18, the conveying pipe of the piston feeder is also in rotary sealing connection with the end surface of the feeding end of the roller 2 through a straight-through rotary joint, the conveying axis of the conveying pipe of the piston feeder is coincident with the rotary axis of the roller 2, and the piston feeder pushes the materials into the roller 2 through a piston which moves back and forth. No matter what kind of feeding device 1 is adopted, a part of the conveying pipe is always kept full of materials to form air resistance, so that the gas in the roller 2 is prevented from flowing out of the roller 2 from the feeding device 1, or the air outside the roller 2 enters the roller 2 from the feeding device 1; for better sealing, a first gate valve 101 is arranged at the silo of the piston feeder, and a second gate valve 102 is arranged on the conveying pipe of the piston feeder. During feeding, the second gate valve 102 is opened, the first gate valve 101 is closed (the material is prevented from being extruded upwards out of the conveying pipe and returning to the storage bin when the piston pushes the material), and the piston moves forwards under the pushing of the cylinder or the oil cylinder to convey the material into the rotary furnace through the straight-through rotary joint 18 and the conveying pipe; after feeding is finished, the second gate valve 102 is closed (material return when the piston is prevented from returning), the first gate valve 101 is opened, the piston returns under the pulling of the cylinder or the oil cylinder, and materials enter the conveying pipe of the piston feeder through the feed opening of the first gate valve 101.

The conveying pipe of the feeding device 1 is connected with the end face of the feeding end of the roller 2 in a rotating and sealing mode, compared with a large-area sealing face of a furnace end of an existing rotary furnace surrounding one end of the roller, the rotary sealing face of the feeding device 1 and the roller 2 is small, sealing requirements can be met only through common packing sealing or sealing rings, sealing is simple, sealing cost is reduced, and air leakage is not prone to occurring. The reaction quality of the materials in the roller 2 is ensured.

The feeding device 1 is also suitable for the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, and for the eccentric swinging rotary furnace in the cylinder, the structure and the installation mode of the feeding device 1 are the same as those of the concentric swinging rotary furnace; for the eccentric swinging rotary furnace outside the cylinder, as shown in fig. 12, the end surface of the feeding end of the roller 2 can extend to the rotation axis a, a feeding hole is arranged on the end surface, and the conveying pipe of the feeding device 1 can be in rotary sealing connection with the end surface extending to the rotation axis a through a straight-through rotary joint 18; or the end face of the feed end of the roller 2 does not extend to the rotation axis a, but the barrel at the feed end is connected with a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a feed port, and the feed device 1 is in rotary sealing connection with the feed port on the pipeline, as shown in fig. 18, as long as the conveying axis of the feed device 1 coincides with the rotation axis a of the rotary furnace, which is not described herein again.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a discharging device 6 of a concentric swinging rotary furnace, the discharging device 6 is a spiral discharging conveyor, a conveying pipe of the spiral discharging conveyor is connected with an end face of a discharging end of a roller 2 in a rotating and sealing manner, and the conveying pipe coincides with an axis B of the roller 2, then a roller material outlet 201 is arranged on the end face of the discharging end, the conveying pipe of the spiral discharging conveyor is fixed, and the roller 2 rotates relative to the roller. The conveyer pipe is located the part in cylinder 2, and its upper portion has seted up the blown down tank, and the material comes in the cylinder 2 upset to get into the conveyer pipe from the blown down tank, finally discharge the conveyer pipe.

As shown in fig. 12-14 and 19-22, the present embodiment provides three discharging devices 6 of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the discharging device 6 of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace in the cylinder adopts the same spiral discharging conveyor as the concentric swinging rotary furnace, and a material turning plate 7 is arranged in the roller 2 near the solid material moving area of the spiral discharging conveyor for the convenience of discharging. The outer eccentric swinging rotary furnace can adopt a spiral discharging conveyor same as the concentric swinging rotary furnace, and the discharging device 6 of the outer eccentric swinging rotary furnace can also be a piston discharging machine or a discharging pipeline. As shown in fig. 19, the discharging device 6 of the drum outer eccentric swinging rotary furnace is a spiral discharging conveyor, a conveying pipe of the spiral discharging conveyor positioned outside the drum can be in rotary sealing connection with the end surface of the discharging end of the drum 2 extending to the rotation axis a through a straight-through rotary joint 18, in this case, a drum material outlet 201 is arranged on the end surface of the extending discharging end; or the end face of the discharge end of the roller 2 does not extend to the rotation axis a, the conveying pipe of the spiral discharge conveyor is in rotary sealing connection with a pipeline arranged on the barrel body of the discharge end through the straight-through rotary joint 18, and the roller material outlet 201 is a pipe orifice of the pipeline. As shown in fig. 20, the discharging device 6 of the out-of-drum eccentric swinging rotary furnace is a piston discharging machine, a conveying pipe of the piston discharging machine is communicated with the drum body at the discharging end of the drum 2, and the conveying axis of the piston discharging machine is overlapped with the rotation axis a of the out-of-drum eccentric swinging rotary furnace. The outlet of the conveying pipe of the piston discharging machine is connected with the external fixed discharging pipe 601 in a rotating and sealing mode through the straight-through type rotary joint 18, and then the roller material outlet 201 is the outlet of the conveying pipe of the piston discharging machine. The inner wall of the cylinder body close to the discharging end in the cylinder 2 is provided with a movable chain 13, the part of the cylinder body of the cylinder 2 connected with the discharging device 6 is a slope, and materials slide into the discharging device 6 through the slope and are finally discharged.

As shown in fig. 21, another discharging device 6 of the drum-outside eccentric swinging rotary furnace is a discharging pipeline, and this embodiment lists two arrangement forms of the discharging pipeline, one is that the end surface of the discharging end of the drum 2 extends to the rotation axis a, the end surface of the discharging end of the drum 2 is provided with a drum material outlet 201, the drum material outlet 201 is arranged near the lower part of the end surface of the discharging end, the axis of the drum material outlet 201 is overlapped with the rotation axis a of the drum-outside eccentric swinging rotary furnace, and the drum wall of the solid phase region of the drum 2 is transitionally connected with the drum material outlet 201 through a slope, so that the solid material slides to the drum material outlet 201 along the slope; the discharging pipeline is connected with the roller material outlet 201 in a rotating and sealing mode and can be connected through the straight-through type rotary joint 18, the discharging pipeline is a bent pipeline and is bent downwards at a right angle, and a movable chain 13 is arranged on the slope and/or the discharging pipeline. With the swing of the movable chain 13, the material is sent to the drum material outlet 201 and discharged from the discharging pipeline.

Another form of discharge duct arrangement is shown in fig. 22, where the end face of the discharge end of the drum 2 does not extend to the axis of rotation a; a discharge opening is formed in the wall of the solid phase area cylinder of the roller 2 close to the discharge end, the discharge opening is connected with a discharge pipe 602, a discharge pipeline is connected with the outlet of the discharge pipe 602 in a rotating and sealing mode, specifically, the discharge pipeline can be connected with the outlet of the discharge pipe 602 in a rotating mode through a straight-through type rotary joint 18, the roller material outlet 201 is the outlet of the discharge pipe 602, and the rotating axis of the discharge pipeline coincides with the rotating axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace outside the cylinder. The discharge of the rotary kiln is not limited to the embodiment as long as the discharge of the rotary kiln is achieved.

As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific driving device and a supporting device, for a concentric oscillating rotary furnace, the driving device is a concentric gear ring driving device, and the supporting device is a concentric riding wheel riding ring supporting device; wherein, concentric riding wheel riding ring strutting arrangement includes at least two sets of riding rings 3 and riding wheel 12, the riding ring 3 is fixed on the periphery wall of cylinder 2, the axis of riding ring 3 and the coincidence of the axis B of cylinder 2, the outer lane surface of riding ring 3 and riding wheel 12 contact support, riding wheel 12 is located the below of riding ring 3, the pivot position of riding wheel 12 is fixed motionless, a riding ring 3 at least corresponds a riding wheel 12, preferably two riding wheels 12 for the rotation of supporting cylinder 2, two sets of riding rings 3 and riding wheel 12 preferably set up in the position that is close to cylinder 2 both ends, support more steadily. The concentric gear ring gear driving device comprises at least one group of ring gears 4, a driving gear 11 and a power part 10, wherein the ring gears 4 are fixed on the peripheral wall of the roller 2, the axis of the ring gears 4 coincides with the axis B of the roller 2, the ring gears 4 are meshed with the driving gear 11, the driving gear 11 is in transmission connection with the power part 10, the power part 10 can be a motor or a hydraulic motor, if the power part 10 is a motor, the driving gear 11 is in transmission connection with the motor through a speed reducer, and if the power part 10 is a hydraulic motor, the driving gear 11 can be directly connected with the hydraulic motor or in transmission connection through the speed reducer. The power component 10 is connected with the swing control device through a lead, the swing control device controls the rotation direction of the power component 10, the power component 10 drives the driving gear 11 to rotate in a reciprocating mode, and therefore the gear ring 4 and the roller 2 are driven to swing in a reciprocating mode around the rotation axis A. Preferably, the gear ring 4 can be composed of a backing ring 3 and a tooth-shaped ring, namely, the tooth-shaped ring is fixed on any side surface of the backing ring 3 perpendicular to the axis of the backing ring, and the tooth-shaped ring rotates along with the backing ring 3 to form the gear ring 4, so that the backing ring 3 can be utilized for manufacturing the gear ring 4, the manufacturing difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced, and meanwhile, the backing ring 3 fixed with the tooth-shaped ring can be matched with the riding wheel 12 for supporting; or the tooth-shaped ring is fixed on the outer ring of the backing ring to form the gear ring 4. This design of the ring gear 4 is particularly suitable for eccentric-pendulum rotary furnaces, which are also used. Of course, the ring gear 4 may also be manufactured separately, as a one-piece structure.

As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment provides another driving device and supporting device for a concentric swinging rotary furnace, wherein the driving device is a concentric push rod driving device, and the supporting device is a concentric riding wheel and riding ring supporting device; wherein the concentric riding wheel riding ring supporting device comprises at least one group of riding rings 3 and riding wheels 12; the backing ring 3 is fixed on the peripheral wall of the roller 2, and the axis of the backing ring 3 is superposed with the axis B of the roller 2; the outer ring surface of the riding wheel 12 is in supporting contact with the riding ring 3, the riding wheel 12 is positioned at the lower part of the riding ring 3, and the riding wheel 12 is fixed at different positions and is used for rotatably supporting the riding ring 3; one trunnion ring 3 is preferably engaged with two idlers 12, more preferably, two sets of trunnion rings 3 and idlers 12 are included, and are respectively positioned at two ends of the roller 2, and the support is more stable. The concentric push rod driving device comprises at least one telescopic cylinder 19, a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 19 is hinged with the roller 2, a fixed end of the telescopic cylinder 19 is hinged with the fixed platform, and the roller 2 is driven to swing back and forth through the expansion of the telescopic rod. Specifically, be provided with articulated frame on the outer wall of cylinder 2, articulated frame radially outwards stretches out along cylinder 2, and the telescopic link of telescoping cylinder 19 articulates in articulated frame's outer end to can avoid the telescopic link to touch cylinder 2 at flexible in-process. Preferably, two telescopic cylinders 19 are adopted in the embodiment, the number of the hinged frames is two, the two hinged frames are arranged vertically and symmetrically relative to the axis B of the roller 2, the telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged with the upper hinged frame and the lower hinged frame respectively, the telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged on the fixed tables positioned on two sides of the roller 2 respectively, the connecting line between the two fixed tables is horizontally arranged and is symmetrical relative to the rotation axis A of the concentric swing rotary furnace, and the reciprocating swing of the roller 2 is realized through the alternate stretching of the two telescopic cylinders 19. Of course, the number of the telescopic cylinders 19 may be one, three or more, and the positions of the telescopic cylinders 19 are arranged according to practical situations, and are not limited to the form exemplified in the embodiment as long as the reciprocating swing of the drum 2 can be realized.

As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment provides a driving device and a supporting device for a third concentric oscillating rotary furnace, wherein the driving device is at least one set of concentric riding wheel and riding ring driving devices, and the supporting device is a plurality of sets of concentric riding wheel and riding ring supporting devices; each group of concentric riding wheel riding ring supporting devices comprises a riding ring 3 and a riding wheel 12, wherein the riding ring 3 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the roller 2, and the axis of the riding ring 3 is superposed with the axis B of the roller 2; the outer ring surface of the riding wheel 12 is in supporting contact with the riding ring 3, the riding wheel 12 is positioned at the lower part of the riding ring 3, and the riding wheel 12 is fixed at different positions and is used for rotatably supporting the riding ring 3; one trunnion ring 3 is preferably matched with two trunnion wheels 12 for supporting, more preferably, two sets of trunnion rings 3 and trunnion wheels 12 are included and are respectively positioned at two ends of the roller 2, and the support is more stable. The concentric riding wheel riding ring driving device comprises a riding ring 3, a riding wheel 12 and a power component 10, wherein the riding ring 3 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the roller 2, and the axis of the riding ring 3 is superposed with the axis B of the roller 2; the outer ring surface of the riding wheel 12 is in supporting contact with the riding ring 3, the riding wheel 12 is positioned at the lower part of the riding ring 3, and the riding wheel 12 is fixed at different positions and is used for rotatably supporting the riding ring 3; one supporting ring 3 is preferably matched with and supported by two supporting wheels 12, a power component 10 is in transmission connection with the supporting wheels 12, the power component 10 drives the supporting wheels 12 to rotate in a reciprocating mode, the supporting ring 3 is driven to swing in a reciprocating mode through static friction force between the supporting wheels 12 and the supporting ring 3, and therefore the roller 2 swings in a reciprocating mode.

As shown in fig. 12, the present embodiment provides a driving device and a supporting device of an eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the driving device is an eccentric gear ring gear driving device, the supporting device is a supporting roller supporting device, the supporting roller supporting device is only suitable for the out-of-cylinder eccentric swinging rotary furnace, therefore, the driving device and the supporting device combined with the supporting roller supporting device are only suitable for the out-of-cylinder eccentric swinging rotary furnace; wherein, eccentric gear ring gear drive arrangement includes ring gear 4, driving gear 11 and power part 10, and ring gear 4 is fixed on the outer wall of cylinder 2, and the axis of ring gear 4 and the rotation axis A coincidence of eccentric swing rotary furnace, and ring gear 4 and driving gear 11 meshing, driving gear 11 and power part 10 transmission are connected, and power part 10 is the same with concentric swing rotary furnace, and no longer repeated description is given here. The power component 10 is connected with a swing control device through a lead, the swing control device controls the rotation direction of the power component 10, the power component 10 drives the driving gear 11 to rotate, and the driving gear 11 drives the gear ring 4 and the roller 2 to swing back and forth around the rotation axis A of the eccentric swing rotary furnace. The supporting roller supporting device comprises at least two groups of supporting frames 17 and supporting rollers 16, wherein the supporting frames 17 are fixed, the supporting rollers 16 are rotatably connected onto the supporting frames 17, the rotating axis of the supporting rollers 16 coincides with the rotating axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the bottom of the roller 2 is fixedly connected with the supporting rollers 16, and the counterweight balance weight 15 is fixed onto the supporting rollers 16.

As shown in fig. 13, the present embodiment provides another driving device and supporting device for an eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the driving device is an eccentric gear ring gear driving device, the supporting device is an eccentric riding wheel riding ring supporting device, and the combination of the driving device and the supporting device can be applied to an eccentric swinging rotary furnace in a cylinder and an eccentric swinging rotary furnace outside the cylinder. The eccentric gear and ring gear driving device in this embodiment is the same as the eccentric gear and ring gear driving device in fig. 12, and is not described herein again. The eccentric riding wheel riding ring supporting device comprises at least two groups of riding rings 3 and riding wheels 12, the riding rings 3 are fixed on the peripheral wall of the rotary drum 2, the axis of each riding ring 3 is superposed with the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, one riding ring 3 is in contact support with at least one riding wheel 12 and is used for supporting the rotation of the riding ring 3, a balance weight balance block 15 is arranged on each riding ring 3, preferably, the gravity center axis of the balance weight balance block 15 and the gravity center axis of the rotary drum 2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace or asymmetrically arranged, and the gravity center axis of the rotary furnace is close to the rotation axis of the rotary furnace. As shown in fig. 13 and 15, the ring gear and the trunnion ring can be of a partial circle or a full circle structure, that is, the ring gear 4 and the trunnion ring 3 are of a circular plate structure, an arc notch or a circular hole for embedding the roller 2 is processed on the circular plate, and the outer edges of the ring gear 4 and the trunnion ring 3 exceed the axis of the roller 2 and approach or exceed the edge of the roller 2, so as to improve the fixing strength.

As shown in fig. 14, the present embodiment provides a driving device and a supporting device for a third eccentric swinging rotary furnace, wherein the driving device is an eccentric riding wheel and riding ring driving device, the supporting device is a plurality of groups of eccentric riding wheel and riding ring driving devices, at least two groups of the supporting devices are provided, and the combination of the driving device and the supporting device can be applied to an eccentric swinging rotary furnace outside a cylinder and an eccentric swinging rotary furnace inside the cylinder; each group of eccentric riding wheel riding ring supporting devices comprises a riding ring 3 and a riding wheel 12, the riding ring 3 is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the roller 2, the axis of the riding ring 3 is overlapped with the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the riding wheel 12 is in contact support with the outer ring surface of the riding ring 3, and the axis of the riding wheel 12 is fixed and used for rotatably supporting the riding ring 3; the outer ring surface of one trunnion ring 3 is preferably supported in contact with two idler wheels 12, more preferably, two sets of trunnion rings 3 and idler wheels 12 are respectively arranged at two ends of the roller 2, and the support is more stable. The eccentric riding wheel riding ring driving device comprises a riding ring 3, a riding wheel 12 and a power component 10, wherein the power component 10 is in transmission connection with the riding wheel 12, the power component 10 drives the riding wheel 12 to rotate in a reciprocating mode, the riding ring 3 is driven to swing in a reciprocating mode through static friction force between the riding wheel 12 and the riding ring 3, and then the roller 2 swings in a reciprocating mode. The trunnion ring 3 is provided with a balance weight 15, and preferably, the gravity center axis of the balance weight 15 and the gravity center axis of the roller 2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace.

As shown in fig. 15, the present embodiment provides a driving device and a supporting device of a fourth eccentric swinging rotary furnace, wherein the driving device is an eccentric push rod driving device, the supporting device is an eccentric riding wheel and riding ring supporting device, and the combination of the driving device and the supporting device can be applied to an eccentric swinging rotary furnace outside a cylinder and an eccentric swinging rotary furnace inside the cylinder; the eccentric riding wheel riding ring supporting device comprises at least two groups of riding rings 3 and riding wheels 12, the riding rings 3 are fixed on the outer wall of the roller 2, the axis of each riding ring 3 is overlapped with the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the outer ring surface of each riding ring 3 is in contact support with at least one riding wheel 12 and used for supporting the rotation of the riding ring 3, a balance weight balance block 15 is arranged on each riding ring 3, and preferably, the gravity center axis of each balance weight balance block 15 and the gravity center axis of the roller 2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace. The eccentric push rod driving device comprises two telescopic cylinders 19, the number of the telescopic cylinders 19 is preferably two, the telescopic cylinders 19 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the roller 2, the end portions of the telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged to the backing ring 3, the fixed ends of the telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged to the fixed table, two points of the telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19, which are hinged to the backing ring 3, are vertically and radially symmetrical relative to the backing ring 3, the fixed ends of the two telescopic cylinders 19 and two hinged points of the fixed table are located on the same horizontal line, and the backing ring 3 is driven to rotate in a reciprocating mode through alternate stretching of the telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19, so that the roller 2 is. Of course, the number of telescopic cylinders 19 can also be one, three or more. The position of the telescopic cylinder 19 is determined according to the actual situation as long as the drum 2 can be ensured to swing back and forth.

As shown in fig. 16, the present embodiment provides a driving device and a supporting device of a fifth eccentric swinging rotary furnace, the driving device is an eccentric push rod driving device, the supporting device is a supporting roller supporting device, and the supporting device is a supporting roller supporting device, so that the combination of the driving device and the supporting device is only suitable for the out-of-cylinder eccentric swinging rotary furnace; the supporting roller supporting device includes at least two sets of supporting frames 17 and supporting rollers 16, which are the same as the supporting roller supporting device in fig. 12 and are not described herein again. The counterbalance weight 15 is fixed on the support roller 16, and the axis of gravity of the counterbalance weight 15 and the axis of gravity of the roller 2 are preferably symmetrically arranged relative to the rotation axis A of the eccentric swinging rotary furnace. The eccentric push rod driving device comprises a hinged frame and at least one telescopic cylinder 19, the telescopic cylinders 19 are preferably two, the two telescopic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the roller 2, the hinged frame is fixed on the supporting roller 19, telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged with two ends of the hinged frame respectively, the torque is increased through the hinged frame, the fixed ends of the telescopic cylinders 19 are hinged with the fixed platform, the fixed ends of the two telescopic cylinders 19 and two hinged points of the fixed platform are located on the same horizontal line, and the supporting roller 16 is driven to rotate in a reciprocating mode through alternate stretching of the telescopic rods of the two telescopic cylinders 19, so that the roller 2 is driven to swing in a. Of course, the number of telescopic cylinders 19 can also be one, three or more. The position of the telescopic cylinder 19 is determined according to the actual situation as long as the drum 2 can be ensured to swing back and forth.

In this embodiment, the telescopic cylinder 19 may be an electric telescopic cylinder, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder. The telescopic cylinder 19 is connected with the control device, and the telescopic cylinder 19 is controlled to be telescopic by the control device, so that the reciprocating swing of the roller 2 is realized.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific swing control device, which includes a position sensor and an electric control cabinet 9. The position sensor is fixed on the roller 2 or the driving device and used for monitoring the reciprocating swing radian of the roller 2 and sending the swing position information of the roller 2 to the electric control cabinet 9; the electric control cabinet 9 is connected with the position sensor and the driving device through wires, the electric control cabinet 9 is used for receiving position information of the position sensor, when the position information is the swing limit position of the roller 2, namely the maximum swing radian of the single direction of the roller 2 is reached, the electric control cabinet 9 controls the motor to change the rotation direction, or the electric control cabinet controls the telescopic direction of the telescopic cylinder 19, and the reciprocating swing of the roller 2 is controlled. The detection control device and the swing control device can be integrated on one electric control cabinet, the temperature sensor 8 is connected with the electric control cabinet 9 through a lead, and the detection control device and the swing control device can also be independently arranged on different equipment.

Other types of control devices and driving devices may be used as long as they can control and drive the reciprocating swing of the swing-type rotary kiln, and are not limited to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

The present embodiment is optimized for the above-mentioned movable duct assembly 5, and the movable duct assembly 5 has three forms, each of which is suitable for a concentric oscillation rotary furnace and an eccentric oscillation rotary furnace, and the attached drawings only show the installation structure of the three movable duct assemblies 5 in a certain structural form of rotary furnace, and the three movable duct assemblies 5 can be arbitrarily combined with the concentric oscillation rotary furnace and the eccentric oscillation rotary furnace. First movable conduit subassembly 5 is the hose, with a nipple and 2 intercommunications of cylinder on the hose passes through 2 outer walls of cylinder, the hose other end is connected with external equipment, the hose can be crooked, guarantees that the hose is enough long, can not produce the interference to the swing of cylinder 2, because cylinder 2 swings at certain radian within range, consequently the hose can not twine on cylinder 2. The nipple connected to the hose can be placed at any position on the outer wall of the drum 2 as long as no hose winding occurs.

Second movable duct assembly 5 as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the movable duct assembly 5 is formed by connecting at least two branch ducts 501 end to end by a rotary joint 502. Because the temperature is higher during the operation of the rotary furnace, and some media introduced into the movable duct assembly 5 have higher temperature, the movable duct assembly 5 preferably adopts a hard high-temperature-resistant material, and in order not to hinder the swing of the roller 2, at least two hard branch ducts 501 are connected end to end in a rotating manner through a rotary joint 502, the branch ducts 501 rotate relatively along with the swing of the roller 2 and cannot limit the swing of the roller 2, one branch duct 501 is communicated with a short connecting pipe on the roller 2 through the rotary joint 502, and the other branch duct 501 is connected with an external pipeline through the rotary joint 502. The movable duct assembly 5 in fig. 6 is formed by connecting three branch pipes 501 end to end in a rotating manner through a rotary joint 502, the roller 2 swings from the starting position along a certain direction, during swinging, the movable duct assembly 5 is driven to rotate, in the whole process, the movable duct assembly 5 cannot interfere with the swinging of the roller 2, a nipple is arranged at the upper part or the lower part of the outer cylinder wall of the rotary furnace capable of concentrically swinging, and the nipple is connected with the branch pipes 501 through the rotary joint 502 as long as the movable duct assembly 5 does not interfere with the swinging of the roller 2.

The third movable duct assembly 5 is shown in fig. 12-14 and 17, the movable duct assembly 5 is a fixed swing pipe 503, and the arrangement of the fixed swing pipe 503 of the concentric swing rotary kiln is similar to that in fig. 17, namely, one end of the fixed swing pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drum 2, and if a heat exchange jacket is provided, the fixed swing pipe can be fixed on the heat exchange jacket; the other end of the fixed swing pipe 503 extends to the two outer ends of the concentric swing rotary kiln and is rotatably connected with the outer pipeline through a rotary joint 502, the rotary joint 502 is arranged at the two outer ends of the concentric swing rotary kiln, and the rotary axis of the rotary joint 502 is superposed with the extension line of the axis B of the roller 2 of the concentric swing rotary kiln. When the concentric swinging rotary furnace swings back and forth, the fixed swinging pipe 503 swings around the axis B of the roller 2 along with the roller 2, the fixed swinging pipe 503 does not interfere with the swinging of the roller 2, and simultaneously fluid materials or heat sources can be introduced into the roller 2 or the heat exchange jacket. One end of the fixed swing pipe 503 may be fixed to an upper or lower portion of the outer cylindrical wall of the drum 2.

For the fixed swing pipe 503 of the eccentric swing rotary kiln, if the fixed swing pipe 503 is an eccentric swing rotary kiln in a cylinder, the arrangement of the fixed swing pipe 503 is similar to that of the concentric swing rotary kiln, as shown in fig. 17, one end of the fixed swing pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drum 2 or a heat exchange jacket, the other end of the fixed swing pipe 503 extends out of the two outer ends of the eccentric swing rotary kiln in the cylinder and is rotatably connected with an outer pipeline through a rotary joint 502, the rotary joint 502 is arranged at the two outer ends of the eccentric swing rotary kiln in the cylinder, the rotation axis of the rotary joint 502 is superposed with the extension line of the rotation axis a of the eccentric swing rotary kiln in the cylinder, and the working principle is the same as that of the concentric swing rotary kiln. In the case of the drum-outside eccentric swinging rotary kiln, the rotation axis a is located below the outside of the drum 2, the fixed swinging pipe 503 is disposed as shown in fig. 12-14, one end of the fixed swinging pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the drum 2 or the heat exchange jacket, the other end of the fixed swinging pipe 503 is rotatably connected to the external pipe through the rotary joint 502, the rotary joint 502 is located below the drum 2, and the rotation axis thereof coincides with the rotation axis a of the drum-outside eccentric swinging rotary kiln. The working principle is as described above and will not be described in detail.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an organic material conversion process, which comprises the following steps:

and step S01, drying and dry distillation carbonization are carried out on the organic materials in an electric heating mode and/or a mode of heating the wall of the jacket by using high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel, the temperature of the dried organic materials is raised to 100-150 ℃, and after dry distillation carbonization, the organic materials are subjected to pyrolysis reaction at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ to obtain pyrolysis gas and carbon.

Therefore, the materials are subjected to heat treatment in a partition wall heating mode by electric heating and/or high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel, and the heating efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, after the dry distillation in step S01, the method further includes the steps of:

and step S02, when the product is carbon, carrying out gas-solid separation on the obtained pyrolysis gas and the carbon, and carrying out partition wall cooling on the carbon to obtain a carbon product.

If the product is activated coke or activated carbon, the carbon is continuously heated in an electric heating mode and/or a mode of heating the wall of the jacket by using high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel and/or a mode of releasing heat by using an oxidation reaction of a carbonized material and oxygen-containing gas, the carbon is contacted and activated with superheated steam at 800-1000 ℃ to generate the activated carbon or the activated coke, and gas-solid separation is carried out.

Further, in this embodiment, the method further includes step S03, cooling and condensing the pyrolysis gas, separating to obtain purified fuel gas, burning the fuel gas to obtain high-temperature flue gas, and heating the material with the jacket partition wall in step S01 or step S02 by the high-temperature flue gas. Thereby fully utilizing the pyrolysis gas generated by the heat treatment of the materials, improving the heat efficiency and saving the energy. This step is suitable for the production of carbon products and activated coke or activated carbon products.

Further, step S04, the high temperature flue gas after heating the jacket partition wall is discharged after being purified. Is beneficial to environmental protection. This step is suitable for the production of carbon products and activated coke or activated carbon products.

The process for producing the activated carbon or activated coke product further comprises a step S05 of cooling the activated carbon or activated coke obtained in the step S02 through the partition wall of the jacket for facilitating the subsequent treatment.

For the organic material with high water content, in this embodiment, the material in step S01 further includes step S06 after completing the drying and before the dry distillation: the water vapor generated during the material drying is extracted from the drying process in advance, so that the water vapor amount entering the subsequent process is reduced. The method avoids a large amount of water vapor from going through high-temperature processes of processes such as dry distillation, activation and the like along with the organic materials and entering the dry distillation pyrolysis gas, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the processes of dry distillation and activation of the organic materials, reducing the water vapor content in the dry distillation pyrolysis gas, correspondingly reducing the yield of the condensed black liquor of the dry distillation pyrolysis gas, improving the concentration of the condensed black liquor and being beneficial to the resource utilization of the condensed black liquor. This step is suitable for the production of carbon products and activated coke or activated carbon products.

As an optimization, the preliminary water vapor extraction operation in step S06 is: and detecting the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process, judging whether the gas contains the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process according to the temperature of the gas, and reducing the amount of the dry distillation gas extracted along with the steam in the drying process by controlling the flow rate of the extracted gas.

Specifically, if the detected temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process is 100-130 ℃, the gas is mostly water vapor in the drying process, if the detected temperature of the gas is greater than the temperature range of 100-130 ℃, the gas is supplemented with the dry distillation gas of the dry distillation process, and the amount of the dry distillation gas extracted along with the water vapor in the dry distillation process is reduced by reducing the flow rate of the extracted gas. In order to more accurately judge the components of the extracted gas, the detection temperature is set to be within the range of 110-120 ℃.

Further, in order to simplify the process, improve the utilization rate of the steam pre-separated in the drying process, and achieve the self-supply of the steam, the present embodiment further includes step S07, the steam pre-extracted in step S06 is used to perform partition wall cooling on the activated carbon or activated coke obtained after the gas-solid separation in step S05, the steam is heated by the high-temperature activated carbon or activated coke to become superheated steam, and then the superheated steam participates in the self-carbon activation reaction in step S02. The waste heat of the active carbon or the active coke is recovered. This step is suitable for the production of activated carbon or activated coke products.

Further, the method comprises a step S08 of condensing and separating the water vapor extracted in advance in the step S06, and the obtained non-condensable gas participates in the combustion in the step S01 and the step S02 to obtain high-temperature flue gas for heating the wall of the jacket. This step S08 is suitable for producing a carbon product and activated coke or an activated carbon product. When producing activated coke or activated carbon, step S08 may be performed simultaneously with step S07 in one process, or each may be performed separately.

In order to further cool the activated carbon or the activated coke, this embodiment further includes a step S09 of performing secondary partition cooling of the activated carbon or the activated coke subjected to the partition cooling of the jacket in step S05. And (5) obtaining the active carbon or the active coke product until the temperature is normal.

The organic material conversion process utilizes an electric heating mode and/or a partition wall heating mode of high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel gas to carry out heat treatment on the materials, so that the heating efficiency is improved; the gas in the pyrolysis gas is used for combustion, and the obtained high-temperature flue gas is directly used for heating materials, so that the utilization rate of the materials is improved, and the energy cost is reduced. Condensing the water vapor generated by drying to obtain non-condensable gas, and participating in combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas for heating materials; or the water vapor generated by drying is used for self activation reaction, so that the material utilization rate is further improved, and the process cost is reduced.

The external heat rotary equipment is completed based on the organic material conversion process, and other equipment utilizing the dry distillation process also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An external heat rotary apparatus comprising a swing type rotary furnace, the swing type rotary furnace comprising:

the device comprises a roller (2), wherein the feeding end of the roller (2) is higher than the discharging end of the roller (2), a drying section (I) and a dry distillation section (II) are sequentially arranged in the roller (2) from the feeding end to the discharging end, a gas outlet (21) is formed in the wall of a gas phase zone of the roller (2), and the drying section (I) and the dry distillation section (II) are used for reacting organic materials to obtain carbon and pyrolysis gas;

the driving device is arranged outside the roller (2) and is used for driving the roller (2) to swing around the rotation axis of the swing type rotary furnace in a reciprocating mode;

the supporting device is arranged outside the rotary drum (2) and used for rotatably supporting the rotary drum (2) to swing back and forth around the rotating axis of the swing type rotary furnace;

the swing control device is connected with the driving device through a lead and is used for controlling the driving device to act and controlling the radian and frequency of the reciprocating swing of the roller (2); and

the device comprises an electric heater (20) and/or a heating jacket (19), wherein the electric heater (20) is arranged on the outer cylinder wall of the rotary drum (2), the electric heater (20) is connected with a detection control device of the swing type rotary furnace through a lead, the heating jacket (19) is fixedly arranged outside the cylinder wall of the rotary drum (2), a heat medium inlet (191) and a heat medium outlet (192) are arranged on the outer wall of the heating jacket (19), and the heat medium inlet (191) and the heat medium outlet (192) are used for being connected with external equipment through a movable duct assembly (5);

the two ends of the rotary drum (2) are closed end faces, the feeding device (1) of the rotary drum (2) is in rotary sealing communication with a feeding hole of the feeding end of the rotary drum (2), the cross sectional area of the feeding hole is smaller than that of the feeding end, the rotary sealing surface of the feeding device (1) and the rotary drum (2) is reduced, and the axis of the feeding hole is overlapped with the rotary axis of the swing type rotary furnace;

the discharging device (6) of the roller (2) is communicated with the discharging end of the roller (2), the position which is matched with the discharging device (6) in a mutually rotating and sealing mode is a roller material outlet (201), the cross sectional area of the roller material outlet (201) is smaller than that of the discharging end, the rotating sealing surface of the discharging device (6) and the roller (2) is reduced, and the axis of the roller material outlet (201) coincides with the rotating axis of the swing type rotary furnace.

2. External heat rotary apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum (2) is also provided with an activation section (iii) inside, said activation section (iii) being located between the retorting section (ii) and the discharge end, the solid phase zone of the activation section (iii) being provided with steam introduction means for introducing steam.

3. The external heat slewing device of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

-a combined purge condenser (24) connected to said gas outlet (21) through said movable duct assembly (5);

and the gas fan (25) is connected with a gas outlet of the combined purification condenser (24).

4. The external heat slewing device of claim 3, further comprising:

the smoke outlet of the combustion device (27) is connected with the heat medium inlet (191) through the movable duct assembly (5), and the combustion device (27) is connected with the detection control device of the swing type rotary furnace through a lead;

an induced draft fan (26), wherein the induced draft fan (26) is connected with the heat medium outlet (192) through the movable duct assembly (5).

5. External heat rotary device according to claim 4, characterized in that the outlet of the gas fan (25) is connected to the inlet of the combustion device (27).

6. The external heat rotary device according to claim 4, further comprising a flue gas purifier (28), wherein the flue gas purifier (28) is connected with an outlet of the induced draft fan (26).

7. The external heat rotary equipment according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a steam outlet (23) is arranged on the wall of the gas phase zone cylinder of the drying section (I), and the steam outlet (23) is communicated with a first steam induced draft fan (31) through the movable pipe assembly (5).

8. The external heat rotary device according to claim 7, wherein a steam condenser (30) is further communicated between the steam outlet (23) and the first steam induced draft fan (31), and the steam condenser (30) is connected with the steam outlet (23) through the movable pipe assembly (5).

9. The external heat slewing device of claim 8, further comprising:

the temperature sensor (8) is arranged on the steam outlet (23) or a steam pipeline connected with the steam outlet (23) and is used for detecting the temperature of the gas passing through the steam outlet (23);

and the regulating valve is arranged on the steam pipeline or at the inlet of the first steam induced draft fan (31) and is used for regulating the gas flow passing through the steam outlet (23).

10. The external heat rotary equipment according to claim 8, wherein the first steam induced draft fan (31) is a variable frequency induced draft fan for adjusting the gas flow passing through the steam outlet (23); the steam temperature sensor is characterized by further comprising a temperature sensor (8) arranged on the steam outlet (23) or a steam pipeline connected with the steam outlet (23) and used for detecting the temperature of gas passing through the steam outlet (23).

11. External heat rotary apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the non-condensable gasses obtained after condensation in the steam condenser (30) are passed into the combustion apparatus (27).

12. The external heat rotary equipment according to claim 11, wherein a cooling section (iv) is further arranged in the drum (2), the cooling section (iv) is located between the activation section (iii) and the discharge end, a cooling jacket (29) is arranged outside the drum wall of the cooling section (iv), and a cooling medium inlet (291) and a cooling medium outlet (292) are arranged on the outer wall of the cooling jacket (29).

13. The external heat swing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the cooling medium outlet (292) is in communication with the steam introduction assembly.

14. The external heat rotary device according to claim 13, further comprising a second steam induced draft fan (35) fixed to the drum (2) or the supporting device, wherein the second steam induced draft fan (35) is communicated with the steam outlet (23), and an outlet of the second steam induced draft fan (35) is connected to the cooling medium inlet (291).

15. The external heat rotary apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising an air inducing fan (32) fixed to the drum (2) or the supporting device, an outlet of the air inducing fan (32) being connected to the cooling medium inlet (291).

16. The external heat swing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the steam introduction assembly comprises:

the steam inlet (33) is arranged on the wall of the activation section (III) and is used for introducing steam into the activation section (III);

the steam distribution pipe (34) is arranged in the solid phase region of the activation section (III), the steam distribution pipe (34) is communicated with the steam inlet (33), and a plurality of steam outlet holes (341) are formed in the pipe wall of the steam distribution pipe (34) along the axis of the pipe wall and in the direction towards the inner wall of the drum (2);

set up in on steam distribution pipe (34) and be located baffle (36) of steam venthole both sides, the length direction of baffle (36) with the radial section of cylinder (2) is perpendicular, be used for preventing the material from getting into steam venthole (341).

17. The external heat slewing device of claim 16, further comprising: and the temperature sensor (8) is arranged on the roller (2), and the temperature sensor (8) is connected with the detection control device through a lead.

18. External heat rotary device according to claim 17, further comprising a valve arranged on the steam inlet (33), wherein the valve is a manual valve and/or an automatic valve, and the automatic valve is connected with the detection control device through a wire.

19. The external heat rotary equipment according to claim 18, wherein the number of the steam inlets (33) and the number of the steam distribution pipes (34) are plural, each steam inlet (33) is correspondingly connected with one steam distribution pipe (34), each steam inlet (33) is provided with one valve, the axis of each steam distribution pipe (24) is parallel to the axis of the drum (2), the steam distribution pipes (24) are sequentially arranged along the inner wall surface of the solid phase area of the activation section (III) in an arc shape, the swing angle of the swing rotary furnace is detected through a position sensor, when the swing rotary furnace swings to the swing angle that a certain steam distribution pipe (24) is covered by the solid material in the solid phase area, the detection control device opens the valve of the steam distribution pipe (24) corresponding to the swing angle, and introducing water vapor, and controlling the corresponding valves of the rest steam distribution pipes (24) which are not covered by the carbonized materials to be closed.

20. External heat rotating device according to any of claims 1, 2, 4-6, 8-10, 12-19, wherein the electric heater (20) is one or more combinations of a heating wire heater, an electromagnetic heater, a microwave heater or a plasma heater.

21. External heat rotary apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-6, 8-10, 12-19, characterized by further comprising a cooler (22) connected to the outlet of the outlet means (6) of the swing rotary furnace.

22. An external heat rotary apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-6, 8-10, 12-19, further comprising a plurality of baffles (14) disposed within the drum (2), the baffles (14) being provided with openings proximate to the solid phase zone of the drum (2).

23. An external heat rotating device according to any of claims 1, 2, 4-6, 8-10, 12-19, further comprising a number of movable chains (13) arranged inside the drum (2).

24. An externally heated rotary apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-6, 8-10, 12-19, characterised in that a material-reversing plate (7) is arranged in the drum (2) in the solid phase zone near the discharge end.

25. A process for converting organic material using the external heat rotary apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 24, comprising the steps of:

26. The organic material conversion process as claimed in claim 25, further comprising, after the dry distillation in the step S01, the steps of:

or the carbon is heated in an electric heating mode and/or a mode of heating the wall of the jacket by using high-temperature flue gas obtained by burning fuel and/or a mode of releasing heat by using an oxidation reaction of a solid material and oxygen-containing gas, the carbon is contacted and activated with superheated steam at 800-1000 ℃ to generate activated carbon or activated coke, and gas-solid separation is carried out.

27. The organic material conversion process of claim 26, further comprising the steps of:

28. The organic material conversion process of claim 27, further comprising the steps of:

29. The organic material conversion process of claim 27, further comprising the steps of:

30. The organic material conversion process defined in any one of claims 26-29, wherein the material in step S01, after completion of drying and before retorting, further comprises step S06: the water vapor generated during the material drying is extracted from the drying process in advance, so that the water vapor amount entering the subsequent process is reduced.

31. The organic material conversion process of claim 30, wherein the pre-extraction of water vapor in step S06 is performed by: and detecting the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process, judging whether the gas contains the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation process according to the temperature of the gas, and reducing the amount of the dry distillation gas extracted along with the steam in the drying process by controlling the flow rate of the extracted gas.

32. The organic material conversion process according to claim 30, wherein the temperature of the gas extracted from the drying process in the step S06 is set to 100-130 ℃.

33. The organic material conversion process of claim 30, further comprising a step S07, wherein the activated carbon or activated coke in the step S05 is subjected to jacket partition cooling using the steam previously extracted in the step S06 to obtain superheated steam, and the superheated steam participates in the carbon activation reaction in the step S02.

34. The organic material conversion process of claim 31 or 33, further comprising the steps of:

35. The organic material conversion process of claim 29, further comprising the steps of: