CN106793189A - One kind can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, including calandria, sensing power detection circuit, zero/live wire change-over circuit, Pediluvium apparatus control circuit and non-isolated AC D/C powers, calandria includes PTC power supplys pole plate and screen layer, sensing power detection circuit includes AC signal impedance conversion attenuation filter circuit, operational amplification circuit and single-chip microcomputer AC signal sample circuit, and zero/live wire change-over circuit includes single-chip microcomputer U1 and is connected to zero/live wire relay change-over switch and reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor of multiplex driver U3.Screen layer is connected into electric capacity C26 and reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor S1, sensing power detection circuit carries out signal data acquisition treatment, after the completion of induced signal collection and calculating of the single-chip microcomputer before and after the conversion of zero/live wire, relay switching selection is carried out according to zero/live wire state, connect the controllable silicon of connection screen layer and zero line, the induced electricity of screen layer is discharged by zero line, Pediluvium apparatus induced electricity is eliminated using full power-off apparatus for fast switching, it is ensured that safe and reliable.

Description

One kind can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to Pediluvium apparatus technical field, it is related to Pediluvium apparatus to sense a kind of apparatus and method of electro-detection and elimination.

Background technology

Commercially available Pediluvium apparatus belong to two electric appliances in Household electric appliance safety standard, do not have grounding requirement.But due to Pediluvium apparatus Need to heat water in use, and calandria is immersed directly in water in itself, so calandria and water shape Into distribution capacity produce induced electricity cannot effectively be eliminated by calandria earthing of casing mode so as to contact water lavipeditum Person brings discomfort.Additionally, after calandria long-term use under the high temperature conditions, its insulating properties will be gradually reduced, housing May be got rusty because of oxidation, breakage can be produced when serious, the potential safety hazard such as the thing followed is leaked electricity, water inlet also will increasingly Greatly, this being adopted an effective measure, to be taken precautions against be necessary.

The content of the invention

The invention aims to effectively reducing or eliminating the human body that the induced electricity in Pediluvium apparatus water or electric leakage are triggered Uncomfortable or human safety issues.

To achieve the above object, and in view of two electric appliances in Household electric appliance safety standard there is no the feelings of grounding requirement Condition is, it is necessary to install metal screen layer additional between heater and shell：By measuring the size of screen layer induced voltage, judge to connect Enter whether AC power order meets the requirements, and according to circumstances carry out internal adjustment；Control screen layer and supply by electronic switch The access of electric line zero line, can be discharged the induced electricity in screen layer or electric leakage by zero line when needing.This hair Bright being that seeks a kind of simple, reliable, practical unique solution, when accurately judging that plug inserts power supply with any direction Zero live wire carved sequentially, so as to carry out accommodation, the need for meeting follow-up power supply, and finally enables shielding layer charge release Put.

One kind can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, including calandria, sensing power detection circuit, the conversion of zero/live wire Circuit, Pediluvium apparatus control circuit and non-isolated AC-D/C power, it is characterized in that：The calandria includes PTC heated die plates and gold Category screen layer；The sensing power detection circuit includes AC signal impedance conversion attenuation filter circuit, operational amplification circuit, monolithic Machine AC signal sample circuit；Zero/live wire change-over circuit includes single chip machine controlling circuit, multi-channel driver circuit, zero/live wire Relay change-over switch and control machines are switched；The input connection metal screen layer of the sensing power detection circuit, it is described The input connection single-chip microcomputer AC signal sample circuit of zero/live wire change-over circuit, the output end of zero/live wire change-over circuit Connection zero/live wire relay change-over switch and control machines switch.

Pediluvium apparatus are controlled and display circuit also includes calandria, massage control system of switching on or off electricity, the control of LED digital-scroll techniques.Entering During row sensing electro-detection and control adjustment, the control function such as calandria, massage needs Close All.Turn zero/live wire is controlled During changing relay switching, for the electric energy storage for maintaining scm software to run, LED digital-scroll techniques etc. need Close All.

The non-isolated AC-DC power supplys include AC-220V power inputs, secondary filter circuit, with DC-12V outputs Non-isolation DC-DC bucks and its peripheral cell.DC-12V DC output powers be available for zero/live wire of driving switch after Electric apparatus coil, heating relay coil etc., the DC-12V power supplys can be follow-up single-chip microcomputer, show after being depressurized to DC-5V again Show, the circuit such as temperature acquisition sensor, alternating current impression signal transacting provides working power.Additionally, the ac input end of AC-220V By the way that after zero/fiery switching relay, also power power-supply can be provided for heater, massager etc..Can see in the above process Arrive, no matter how input terminal changes the input direction of zero/live wire, wherein one end is always with DC-12V, DC-5V, single-chip microcomputer etc. Circuit is powered and analog signal reference point is connected, and in other words the reference point of single-chip microcomputer collection signal had both been probably zero line or can It can be live wire.

One kind can be detected and eliminate the faradic method of Pediluvium apparatus, by heater shield layer connection AC signal coupled capacitor C26 and control machines switch S1；During detection, controllable silicon is not turned on, and screen layer is in suspended state, its induced voltage amplitude It is higher, it is easy to sensing power detection circuit to carry out signal transacting and data acquisition；Sensing letter of the single-chip microcomputer before and after the conversion of zero/live wire Number collection and calculate after the completion of, further according to when leading zero/live wire state carry out relay switching selection, and connect connection screen layer with The controllable silicon of zero line, makes the induced electricity of screen layer be discharged by zero line.

Zero/live wire conversion and control is acted simultaneously using two relays of J1, J2, completes zero/live wire translation function. Can be completed with a dpdt relay, heating, motor including foot bath, all power units of bubble, the machine Characteristic is the power switching for including low-voltage circuit and single-chip microcomputer, i.e., full power-off fast switch over method.

Full power-off be switched fast method be by the lower work of scm software control, during software initialization, the conversion of zero live wire after The coil of electrical equipment be in be not powered on, non-attracting state.In this condition, software gathers the AC signal in multiple cycles first, so After carry out analytical calculation, obtain the amplitude data of the exchange fundamental signal under the non-attracting state of relay.Then, software output control Signal processed, makes zero/live wire control relay perform adhesive and operates, through suitable time-delay after, the exchange letter in multiple cycles is gathered again Number, through analytical calculation, obtain the amplitude data of the exchange fundamental signal under relay attracting state.By to relay adhesive with The induced electricity numerical value gathered under non-adhesive two states is compared, you can determine that next step is suitable for front plug insertion side To correct adjustment state, and control relay enter the state, now the reference point of DC voltage is to be connected with zero line.Most Afterwards, software output control signal, the controlled silicon conducting that order control screen layer is connected with reference point, hereafter, the induced electricity of screen layer To be let out by zero line and be discharged.

Using the non-isolated AC-DC power supplys of above-mentioned mode of operation, the conversion of zero/live wire, collection sensing are controlled with software The reference point of signal is also converted and switchs to live wire by zero line simultaneously, or switchs to zero line by live wire.It is upper electricity after, software lead to Cross and the induced signal gathered under zero/live wire conversion both front and back state is compared, and then judge which kind of state meets The normal work of zero/live wire is needed, and this kind of working condition is locked by controlling zero/live wire control relay, and by software control Controllable silicon between turn-on induced signal and locking zero line, makes its induced electricity be discharged by zero line at any time.Need explanation , in above-mentioned conversion and test process, including the Pediluvium apparatus such as AC-220V, DC-12V, DC-5V all power supply circuits all The power-off of moment and power up again are experienced, equivalent to being weighed again after the attaching plug of Pediluvium apparatus is pulled Quick-changing direction Newly plug in, and during this period, software will will also keep normal operation always, this be accomplished by increasing DC circuit energy storage and Interference protection measure.Above control method is constituted and is different from other obvious characteristics for eliminating sensing method for electrically.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is Pediluvium apparatus sensing electro-detection, zero/live wire change-over circuit figure.

The top of Fig. 1 is calandria profile, is related to the hierarchy of various difference in functionalitys, different layers to have different filling out Pattern is filled, the every kind of pattern of correspondence has label character.

The bottom of Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of interlock circuit part involved in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is non-isolated AC-DC power circuit diagrams.

Fig. 3 is Pediluvium apparatus multichannel drive control circuit diagram.

Fig. 4 is that single-chip microcomputer U1 controls zero/live wire conversion portion software flow pattern.

Specific embodiment

Structure of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The present invention is to specifications shown in Fig. 1, according to the product demand of different model, submit to calandria physical dimension, The relevant design such as electrical parameter file is produced and processed to customization producer, to each layer insulativity of calandria, thermal conductivity after arrival Energy, heater power etc. are tested comprehensively, are met and be installed on Pediluvium apparatus after requiring, it is to be ensured that sealing, and lead is connected It is connected to control unit.The randomness of plug direction during due to socket power, so without zero line, live wire during connection calandria power line It is required that, to lean on control panel voluntarily to judge, as long as keeping the uniformity of product connected mode.

Detection and faradic Pediluvium apparatus can be eliminated, including calandria, sensing power detection circuit, zero/live wire change-over circuit, Pediluvium apparatus control circuit and non-isolated AC-DC power supplys.

The calandria is divided into heating element heater and electrode, separation layer, screen layer, isolation as shown in Fig. 1 tops, from inside to outside Layer, shell etc., sphenoid, anti-dry temperature sensor that inside also plays the role of fastening etc., have different fillings per Rotating fields The mark of pattern.AC signal coupled capacitor C26 and can is connected directly to from the screen layer terminal extraction wire of above-mentioned calandria On the plug terminal of control silicon S1, the former completes the test to induced signal, and the latter completes electric discharge, and the two can not work simultaneously.

The sensing power detection circuit includes that AC signal impedance converts attenuation filter circuit as shown in figure 1, being shielded by connection Cover coupling filter capacitor C26, C27 of layer terminal, partial pressure damping resistance R29, R30, R31 composition.Operational amplification circuit is by amplifier U4-1, U4-2, power filter, the electric capacity C29 for completing datum setting function, resistance R31, R32, R33 composition.Single-chip microcomputer is handed over Amplifier U4-2 and U4-1 of the stream signal sample circuit including single-chip microcomputer U1, the A1N0 for being connected to single-chip microcomputer U1 inputs.Finally export AC signal be AD converted into the input A1N0 of circuit single-chip microcomputer U1.From the AC signal warp of PTC screen layers sensing After AC coupled, and through resistance R29, R30, R31, R32, R33, electric capacity C27, C29 and the decay of integrated circuit U4 compositions, filtering, After impedance conversion, output AC signal, by the software collection AC signal of U1, is entered to the AD sampling units of U1 by spectrum analysis Line period is calculated, rejects the fundamental wave after clutter, directly carries out data acquisition and subsequent software treatment to collection exchange letter, can be with letter Change hardware circuit, reduce the loss of useful signal, increase the reliability of data.

As shown in figure 1, zero/live wire relay conversion switch circuit include multichannel drive U3 output end DR0 and DR6, relay J1 and J2.Zero/live wire conversion and control makes the two by the way of two relay coils of J1, J2 are driven simultaneously Act simultaneously, complete zero/live wire translation function（Can also be completed with a dpdt relay）.Adding including foot bath Zero live wire of all power units of heat, motor, bubble, and low-voltage power supply circuit reference ground, the reference of signal acquisition circuit Point all follows conversion, and the situation of instant cut-off occurs in whole system in transfer process, but SCM program utilizes energy storage still Remain on, so as to complete full power-off fast handover procedures, and data to powering off both front and back state be acquired with than Compared with.

In Control zero/live wire transfer process, because the power supply of weak current part also occurs in that instant cut-off Problem, in order to guarantee procedure can continue to normal operation, it is necessary to increase the capacity of 12V and 5V dc source filter capacitors, with Just energy storage is increased, while also needing to close power consumption more LED digital-scroll techniques, indicator lamp, buzzer etc..

Control machines on-off circuit is as shown in figure 1, output end DR0 including multichannel trigger and be connected to DR0 output ends Two-way triggering controllable silicon S1 between screen layer.

When switching on power and carrying out the detection of zero/live wire automatically, software design patterns controllable silicon is not turned on, and is in screen layer outstanding Floating state, its induced voltage amplitude is higher, is easy to sensing power detection circuit to carry out signal transacting and data acquisition.

As shown in Fig. 2 the non-isolated AC-DC power supplys include：Two are constituted by diode D1, electric capacity C1 and C2, inductance L1 Level filter circuit, connects the step-down chip U5 of secondary filter circuit output end, inductance L2, diode D2 and D3, electric capacity C3, C4 and C10's is non-every DC12V power supplys, the step-down chip U6 of 12 power output ends of connection, the DC-5V power supplys of electric capacity C5 compositions, for monolithic The working power and sense signal transacting reference potential of the circuits such as machine, Temperature sampler display, alternating current impression signal transacting.

The non-isolated AC-DC power supplys are exported through DC rectifier and secondary filter circuit D1, C1, C2, L1 with DC-12V Non-isolation DC-DC step-downs, integrated circuit U5 and its peripheral cell L2, D2, D3, C3, C4, C10, DC-12V DC output powers Be available for zero/live wire of driving to switch relay coil, heating relay coil etc., the DC-12V power supplys through integrated regulator U6 and After filter capacitor C5 is depressurized to DC-5V again, can for follow-up single-chip microcomputer, display, temperature acquisition sensor, at alternating current impression signal The circuits such as reason provide working power.Additionally, the ac input end of AC-220V is by that after zero/fiery switching relay, can also be to add Hot device, massager etc. provide power power-supply.In the above process it can be seen that, no matter how input terminal changes zero/live wire Input direction, wherein one end are always powered with the circuit such as DC-12V, DC-5V, single-chip microcomputer and analog signal reference point is connected, and changes The reference point that sentence talks about single-chip microcomputer collection signal had both been probably that zero line is also likely to be live wire.AC-220V attaching plugs and DC-12V Dc source, zero/live wire handoff technique and combine non-isolated AC-DC power supplys application, by compare test result determine zero line, Live wire.The comparing of gathered data before and after by being changed to zero/live wire, it can be determined that go out the access order and reality when leading zero/live wire Whether border needs to be consistent, and is further adjusted to correct corresponding states.

Pediluvium apparatus control circuit and display circuit as shown in Figure 1,3, and break-make is automatically controlled including single-chip microcomputer U1, massage, bubble etc. System.Pediluvium apparatus control circuit includes the temperature sensing circuit of single-chip microcomputer U1 and single-chip microcomputer U1 inputs, is connected to single-chip microcomputer U1 outputs The multiplex driver U3 at end, is connected to heating controller J3, charactron indicator lamp and the buzzer of multiplex driver U3 output ends.Temperature Degree detection circuit include water temperature temperature sensitive resister Rt1, anti-dry temperature sensitive resister Rt2, divider resistance R11, R12, filter capacitor C21, C20, during sensing electro-detection and control adjustment is carried out, the control function such as calandria, massage needs Close All.In control During zero/live wire switching relay switches, for the electric energy storage for maintaining scm software to run, LED digital-scroll techniques etc. need Close All.

As seen from Figure 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 output ends PD1 controls heating relay J3 by the output end DR1 after driver U3 Coil, when need heating when, make PD1 export high level, corresponding DR1 output ends will be in the conduction state, J3 relays inhale Close, heater energization work；When needing to stop heating, PD1 is made to export low level, corresponding DR1 output ends will be in cut-off State, as shown in figure 3, relay is powered off.Heating relay forbids work during electro-detection is sensed.

From Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 output ends PD5 controls buzzer to send out by the output end DR5 after driver U3 Sound, when sounding is needed, makes PD5 export high level, and corresponding DR5 output ends will be in the conduction state, buzzer call；When need When stopping piping, PD5 is made to export low level, corresponding DR5 output ends will be in cut-off state, and buzzer stops piping.

From Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, single-chip microcomputer U1 output ends PD2, PD3, PD4 by the output end DR2 after driver U3, DR3, DR5 control the display of charactron and indicator lamp, PD2, PD3, PD4 export high level in order, then corresponding DR2, DR3, DR4 output ends will be respectively at conducting state, and the common cathode of charactron and indicator lamp will be turned on, PD2, PD3, PD4 export low electricity Flat, then corresponding DR2, DR3, DR4 output end will be respectively at off-state, and the common cathode of charactron and indicator lamp will be switched off.

Multiplex driver U3 uses ULN2003A to be input into Darlington driving chip for 7 tunnels, can provide larger driving electricity Stream, has protection diode per road, is easy to driving inductive load.

The single chip machine controlling circuit includes SCM peripheral element and embedded software, below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Simultaneously combined with hardware is further illustrated by software zero/live wire of completion detection of single-chip microcomputer U1 and zero/live wire transfer process Fig. 4.

As seen from Figure 1, the output end DR6 of multiplex driver U3 directly controls two zero/live wire switching relays of parallel connection The coil of J1, J2, when single-chip microcomputer U1 controls zero/live wire conversion port PD6 is output as 0, to should drive circuit output end DR6 It is open-circuit condition, now two switching relays of J1, J2 are failure to actuate, i.e., L/N ends are connected with the CB1 of J1 relays, N/L ends and J2 The CB2 of relay is connected.Randomness during due to insertion plug, which is zero line now not to can determine that CB1, CB2 end, and which is Live wire by be detected to induced signal, it is necessary to more just can determine that.As single-chip microcomputer U1 control zero/live wire conversion ports PD6 When being output as 1, to should multiplex driver U3 output ends DR6 be conducting state, now two relays of J1, J2 all inhale by switching Close, i.e., L/N ends are connected with the CK1 of J1 relays, and N/L ends are connected with the CK2 of J2 relays.Compared with former state, from J1, Zero/live wire of J2 relays output is exchanged.After being detected relatively by the induced signal to both the above state, i.e., Can determine which is zero line, which when live wire.

Referring to shown in Fig. 4, software gathers multigroup data complete cycle first, DC component is obtained, as subsequent communication data Zero point value DC0；Then, software design patterns Single-chip Controlling end PD6 is output as 0, allows zero/live wire control relay to be in non-adhesive State, referred to herein as state 1.；In this case, after of short duration time delay, the AC signal in collection multiple cycles deducts base Value, obtains pure alternating component, is then analyzed calculating, obtains the amplitude data AC1 of exchange fundamental signal；Then, set single Piece machine control end PD6 is output as 1, and zero/live wire control relay is then transferred to attracting state, referred to herein as state 2..In this shape Under state, through of short duration time delay after, the AC signal in multiple cycles is gathered again, deduct base value, obtain pure alternating component, then carry out Analytical calculation, obtains the amplitude data AC2 of exchange fundamental signal.

Amplitude data AC1, AC2 of induced signal are collected respectively under both the above state, have compared by it Compared with if AC1>AC2, represents the state after the control relay adhesive of zero/live wire（I.e. state is 2.）It is correct status, this is latter Directly keep the state constant, and connect discharging thyristor, finally enter the normal operating conditions of the man-machine interaction of follow-up Pediluvium apparatus. If AC1<AC2, then illustrate that 1. state is correct, it is necessary to resetting Single-chip Controlling end PD6 is output as 0, allows zero/fire Line traffic control relay comes back to non-attracting state, keeps the state constant ever since, and connect discharging thyristor.

After completing the detection of zero/live wire, switching, detecting again, you can determine which kind of state is correct zero/live wire work shape State, locking after carry out after the state, the PD0 ends output low level of single-chip microcomputer U1, exports the corresponding output end DR0 of driver U3 Cut-off, now 12V voltages are added in controllable silicon S1 control ends by R8 resistance, and make it turn on, and so far screen layer is just connected to On the zero line of civil power.

Claims (10)

1. one kind can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, including calandria, sensing power detection circuit, zero/live wire conversion electricity Road, Pediluvium apparatus control circuit and non-isolated AC-D/C power, it is characterized in that：The calandria includes PTC heated die plates and metal Screen layer；The sensing power detection circuit includes AC signal impedance conversion attenuation filter circuit, operational amplification circuit, single-chip microcomputer AC signal sample circuit；Zero/live wire change-over circuit include single chip machine controlling circuit, multi-channel driver circuit, zero/live wire after Electrical equipment change-over switch and control machines are switched；The input connection metal screen layer of the sensing power detection circuit, described zero/ The input connection single-chip microcomputer AC signal sample circuit of live wire change-over circuit, the output end of zero/live wire change-over circuit connects Connecting to neutral/live wire relay change-over switch and control machines are switched.

It is 2. a kind of to detect and eliminate the faradic method of Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterised in that：Heater shield layer is connected to exchange letter Number coupled capacitor C26 and control machines switch S1；During detection, controllable silicon is not turned on, and screen layer is in suspended state, its sense Answer voltage magnitude higher, be easy to sensing power detection circuit to carry out signal transacting and data acquisition；Single-chip microcomputer is before the conversion of zero/live wire After the completion of induced signal afterwards is gathered and calculated, relay switching selection, and the company of connection are carried out further according to when leading zero/live wire state The controllable silicon of screen layer and zero line is connect, the induced electricity of screen layer is discharged by zero line.

3. one kind according to claim 1 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the AC signal Impedance converts attenuation filter circuit by being connected to electric capacity C26, C27 of screen layer, resistance R29, R30, R31 composition.

4. one kind according to claim 1 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the operation amplifier Circuit is by amplifier U4-1 and U4-2, electric capacity C29, resistance R31, R32, R33 composition.

5. one kind according to claim 1 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the zero/live wire after Electrical equipment change-over switch includes the output end DR0 and DR6 of multiplex driver U3, relay J1 and J2.

6. one kind according to claim 1 can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the controllable silicon is touched Hair switch includes the output end DR0 of multiplex driver U3 and the control machines switch being connected between DR0 output ends and screen layer S1。

7. one kind according to claim 1 can be detected and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the single-chip microcomputer is handed over Stream signal sample circuit includes single-chip microcomputer U1, is connected to the amplifier U4-2 and U4-1 of single-chip microcomputer U1 inputs A1N0.

8. one kind according to claim 1 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the Pediluvium apparatus control Circuit processed includes single-chip microcomputer U1, the temperature sensing circuit of single-chip microcomputer U1 inputs, and the multichannel for being connected to single-chip microcomputer U1 output ends drives Device U3, is connected to heating controller J3, charactron indicator lamp and the buzzer of multiplex driver output end.

9. one kind according to claim 8 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the temperature detection Circuit is included by water temperature temperature sensitive resister Rt1 and anti-dry temperature sensitive resister Rt2, resistance R11, R12, electric capacity C20, C21.

10. one kind according to claim 1 can detect and eliminate faradic Pediluvium apparatus, it is characterized in that the non-isolated AC-DC power supplys include：Secondary filter circuit is constituted by diode D1, electric capacity C1 and C2, inductance L1, connection secondary filter circuit is defeated Go out end by step-down chip U5, inductance L2, diode D2 and D3, the DC12V power supplys of electric capacity C3, C4 and C10 composition, connection The step-down chip U6 of DC12V power output ends, the DC-5V power supplys of electric capacity C5 compositions.