CN106790328B - Airborne distributed acquisition system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an airborne distributed acquisition system, comprising: the system comprises at least one slave node, a sensor and a control unit, wherein the slave node is used for acquiring airborne parameters, and each slave node at least corresponds to one group of sensors; the master node is connected with each slave node and used for sending a control instruction to each slave node; and the slave node is also used for sending the airborne parameters to a preset position according to the control instruction. Its every node can be installed near the sensor with nearest distance respectively, the airborne parameter signal transmission distance between sensor and the slave node has been shortened, the interference that parameter signal received other signals such as electromagnetism in transmission process has been alleviateed, signal quality is more excellent reliable, because the cable conductor between sensor and the slave node shortens, the cable usage has been alleviateed greatly, make aerospace craft self weight reduce, the payload has been increased, and the host node can not receive the restriction of sensor position, the mounted position is selected in a flexible way, it is convenient to its operation use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerospace, in particular to an airborne distributed acquisition system.
Background
During the flight process of aerospace vehicles such as airplanes, rockets, satellites and manned airships, data parameters of the aerospace vehicles need to be measured and collected in real time, and the data parameters are analyzed and processed to obtain the flight state of the aerospace vehicles and monitor the flight state of the aerospace vehicles. The data parameters collected in the aerospace operation mainly comprise: performance and internal environmental data of the aircraft, such as temperature, fuel consumption, mechanical stress, current and voltage, etc. of certain parts of the aircraft; physiological state data of the astronaut, such as the breathing, the electrocardiographic waveform and the like of the astronaut; spatial detection data such as micrometeors, high energy radiation, and spatial magnetic fields; remote sensing data of the aerospace vehicle, such as atmospheric parameters detected by a meteorological satellite, earth thermal radiation, multispectral images of ground object targets obtained by a resource satellite and the like; aircraft flight test data, such as performance parameters, ballistic or orbital parameters, and the like; military purpose related data, such as early warning satellite discovery missile launching information, photos taken by a detection satellite or detected radio information and the like; and data on aircraft control, navigation and aerospace vehicle recovery.
The traditional method for acquiring the airborne parameters of the aerospace vehicle comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1, a collecting device is configured in the aerospace vehicle, the collecting device is connected with sensors distributed at various positions of the aerospace vehicle, airborne parameters of the aerospace vehicle collected by all the sensors are transmitted to the collecting device in a centralized manner, and the airborne parameters are analyzed and processed by related staff through a remote measuring ground station to monitor the aerospace vehicle. When the acquisition device is configured, the positions of front, back, left and right detection signals need to be considered in advance, it is difficult to select a position which is relatively close to all the sensors, especially the positions of the sensors are distributed very dispersedly when the distances of the front, back, left and right of large-scale equipment are far, because all the sensors are connected with the acquisition device through cables, the distance of the cables is longer, the weight is larger, the self weight of the aerospace vehicle is increased, the effective load of the aerospace vehicle is influenced, and simultaneously, because the working environment of the aerospace vehicle is different from the ground environment, the airborne parameter monitoring system works in the environments of high temperature or low temperature, vibration and electromagnetic interference in most of time, the transmission distance of the cable is long, the interference of other electromagnetic signals is easy to occur, signals are easy to attenuate when airborne parameters acquired by the sensor are transmitted through the cable, and the quality and the reliability of the airborne parameters are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide an airborne distributed acquisition system with relatively random acquisition node position selection, closest approach to the position of an airborne sensor, reduced signal transmission distance, and good parameter transmission quality, for the problems that the acquisition device position selection is not easy, and the airborne parameter transmission is easy to attenuate and interfere.
To achieve the object of the present invention, an airborne distributed acquisition system is provided, including:
the system comprises at least one slave node, a sensor and a control unit, wherein the slave node is used for acquiring airborne parameters, and each slave node at least corresponds to one group of sensors;
the master node is connected with each slave node and used for sending a control instruction to each slave node;
and the slave node is also used for sending the airborne parameters to a preset position according to the control instruction.
In one embodiment, the master node and the slave nodes are connected by optical fiber.
In one embodiment, the slave node is provided with: and the acquisition device is connected with the sensor and is used for acquiring the airborne parameters and storing the airborne parameters.
In one embodiment, each slave node is provided with a plurality of acquisition devices, and each acquisition device at least corresponds to one group of sensors.
In one embodiment, the master node is provided with: and the switch is used for connecting the master node with each slave node.
In one embodiment, the switch comprises an optical/electrical-optical fast conversion module.
In one embodiment, the master node further comprises: and the master control device is electrically connected with the switch and is used for carrying out acquisition mode information configuration on the acquisition devices on the slave nodes in a static mode, generating a control instruction for the slave nodes and sending the control instruction to each slave node in a dynamic mode.
In one embodiment, the slave node is further provided with: the communication control device is electrically connected with the acquisition device on the slave node where the communication control device is located, is connected with the master node, is used for receiving the control instruction sent by the master node, and is also used for sending the airborne parameters acquired by the acquisition device to the master node according to the control instruction; the master control device on the master node is further configured to receive the airborne parameters acquired by each slave node in a dynamic mode.
In one embodiment, the onboard distributed acquisition system sends the onboard parameters acquired by the slave nodes to the preset position in a time slot mode or a node data packet mode.
In one embodiment, the master node further comprises: and the time system device is used for calibrating the time of the slave node.
In one embodiment, the management and control instruction comprises a synchronization instruction;
and the master node sends the synchronization instruction to each slave node, and each slave node sends the synchronization instruction to the acquisition device controlled by the slave node after receiving the synchronization instruction.
In one embodiment, the master node is connected to the acquisition devices on the slave nodes through preset connection devices, and the master node sends the synchronization command to the acquisition devices through the preset connection devices.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the airborne distributed acquisition system in the above embodiment is installed near the acquired sensor from the node with a short distance, the transmission distance between the sensor and the slave node is greatly reduced, the cable connected between the slave node and the sensor is shortened, the self weight of the aerospace vehicle is reduced, the effective load of the aerospace vehicle is improved, the transmission distance between the sensor and the slave node is short, airborne parameters are not easily interfered and weakened by electromagnetic signals in the transmission process, and the signal quality is excellent and reliable. In addition, the slave nodes are close to the sensors, so that the master nodes are relatively random in position when being installed in the aerospace vehicle and can be installed at any position in the aerospace vehicle, and the problem that the acquisition devices are difficult to select positions in the traditional technology is solved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional airborne distributed acquisition system in one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an airborne distributed acquisition system in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the onboard distributed acquisition system of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The airborne distributed acquisition system is suitable for environments of high temperature, low temperature, electromagnetic interference, vibration and the like of aerospace, is generally configured in an aerospace vehicle, can effectively acquire relevant airborne parameters in the operation process of the aerospace vehicle, and is used for analysis and processing of relevant workers through the ground remote monitoring station. The aerospace vehicles include airplanes, rockets, satellites, airships, and the like.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided an onboard distributed acquisition system comprising: at least one slave node 200 for collecting onboard parameters, each slave node 200 corresponding to at least one set of sensors 100; the master node 300 is connected with each slave node 200 and used for sending a control instruction to each slave node 200; the slave node 200 is further configured to send the onboard parameters to a preset location (a master node or other pre-specified location) according to a management and control instruction.
In this embodiment, the slave nodes are mounted in a distributed manner directly in the vicinity of the sensors 100 distributed in a specific area of the aircraft, so that the slave nodes can approach the sensors 100 to be acquired at a relatively short distance, and the length of the cable (or optical fiber) connecting between the sensors 100 and the slave nodes 200 is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the transmission distance of the on-board parameters detected by the sensors to the slave nodes (acquisition devices). The slave nodes are connected with the sensors at a short distance, so that the length of a connected cable (or optical fiber) is reduced, the weight is reduced, the airborne parameters are not easily interfered by electromagnetic signals or other signals in the transmission process when the connection distance of the cable (or optical fiber) is short, and the signal quality is better and reliable.
Because the slave nodes 200 are installed near the sensors 100 at a relatively close distance, the installation position of the master node 300 is flexible and relatively random, and the slave nodes can be installed at any position in the aerospace vehicle, so that the problem that the acquisition device in the traditional equipment is difficult to select the position is solved. The master node 300 and the slave nodes 200 are connected through cables (or optical fibers), even if cables (or light) with a certain length exist between the slave nodes 200 and the master node 300, compared with the traditional method that each sensor needs a longer cable to be connected with a collecting device, in the embodiment, each slave node 200 and the master node 300 only need to be connected through a cable or light, the weight of the cables (or light) used by the slave nodes is greatly reduced, for an aerospace vehicle, the weight of the slave nodes is greatly reduced, and therefore the effective load of the aerospace vehicle is improved to a certain extent.
In addition, the sizes of the master node and the slave nodes can be selected according to specific use environments, for example, in an airplane, the size of the volume of each node is determined by the number of slots of a case, so that the airborne distributed acquisition system in the embodiment can be flexibly adjusted, different use requirements of users are met, and the airborne distributed acquisition system is particularly suitable for large airplanes which are long in distance from front to back and from left to right and difficult to concentrate airborne parameters and fighting airplanes which are narrow in cabin space.
It is worth noting that for cost savings, a cable connection is employed between the sensor 100 and the slave node 200. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the transmission quality (strong anti-interference capability of optical fiber transmission) and the transmission rate (up to 3G) of the airborne parameters, an optical fiber connection is adopted between the master node 300 and the slave node 200. Of course, the connection between the sensor 100 and the slave node 200, and between the slave node 200 and the master node 300 are only preferred embodiments, and the master node 300 and the slave node 200 may also be connected by a wireless device, and the slave node 200 and the sensor 100 may also be connected by a wireless device.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the number of master nodes 300 and slave nodes 200 is 32, the number of master nodes is 1, and the others are slave nodes. Therefore, the acquisition quality of airborne parameters can be ensured, and the cost is relatively saved. Of course, the number of the master nodes 300 and the number of the slave nodes 200 are set according to actual engineering requirements, and the number of the master nodes and the number of the slave nodes may be less than 32 in order to meet the acquisition requirement of airborne parameters, or the number of the slave nodes may be expanded according to actual requirements.
It should be noted that, since the master node 300 may be installed at any position in the aerospace vehicle, the master node 300 may be any one of the slave nodes, and one node may be selected to serve as both the master node and the slave node, which not only saves cost, but also simplifies design.
In one embodiment, the slave node 200 is provided with: and the acquisition device 210 is connected with the sensor 100 and is used for acquiring the airborne parameters and storing the airborne parameters.
Preferably, each slave node 200 is provided with a plurality of collecting devices 210, each collecting device corresponds to at least one sensor, each collecting device 210 collects the airborne parameters detected by one or more sensors 100 corresponding to the collecting device, stores the airborne parameters to a preset position, and directly acquires the airborne parameters from the preset position during subsequent analysis processing.
When acquiring the onboard parameters of a certain part of the aerospace vehicle, a plurality of sensors 100 are installed near the part to detect various types of onboard parameters of the part, and due to the close proximity of the sensors 100, a slave node is allocated to the sensors 100, and a plurality of acquisition devices 210 are arranged on the slave node, correspond to the sensors 100 and acquire the onboard parameters detected by the sensors. For example, in order to detect the operation state of the wings of the airplane, vibration sensors for detecting the vibration of the wings, temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of the wings and attack angle sensors for detecting the attack angles of the wings are arranged near the left and right wings, correspondingly, a first slave node is arranged at the position of the left wing and corresponds to the vibration sensors, the temperature sensors and the attack angle sensors which are distributed near the left wing, three acquisition devices 210 are arranged on the first slave node and are respectively a first acquisition device, a second acquisition device and a third acquisition device, the first acquisition device is connected with the vibration sensors arranged at the position of the left wing, the second acquisition device is connected with the temperature sensors arranged at the position of the left wing, and the third acquisition device is connected with the attack angle sensors arranged at the position of the left wing; and a second slave node is configured at the position of the right wing and corresponds to the vibration sensor, the temperature sensor and the attack angle sensor which are distributed at the accessories of the right wing, three acquisition devices, namely a fourth acquisition device, a fifth acquisition device and a sixth acquisition device, are also arranged on the second slave node, the fourth acquisition device is connected with the vibration sensor which is arranged at the position of the right wing, the fifth acquisition device is connected with the temperature sensor which is arranged at the position of the right wing, and the sixth acquisition device is connected with the attack angle sensor which is arranged at the position of the right wing. In some cases, in order to more accurately obtain certain on-board parameters of a certain location, a plurality of identical sensors may be distributed on the location, and one acquisition device may be configured for the identical sensors on the slave node, or one acquisition device may be configured for each of the identical sensors on the slave node.
After the acquisition device 210 acquires the onboard parameters, the onboard parameters are temporarily stored, so that all types of onboard parameters of a certain part are acquired and then transmitted to a preset position (the master node 300 or a designated slave node).
In one embodiment, the master node 300 has disposed thereon: a switch 310 for connecting the master node 300 and each slave node 200.
Specifically, the switch 310 is provided with a fiber module, the slave node is provided with a fiber module, and the master node 300 and the slave node 200 are connected by respective fiber modules through optical fibers.
The switch 310 has a plurality of ports, each port is connected with the communication control device 220 on each slave node through an optical fiber, so that the master node 300 can simultaneously transmit data with a plurality of slave nodes, and an independent electric signal path is arranged between each slave node 200 and the master node 300, so that the airborne parameters acquired by the acquisition device 210 on the slave node 200 can be transmitted to the master node 300 through the corresponding independent electric signal path, and the transmission quality of the airborne parameters is ensured.
Preferably, the switch 310 includes an optical/electrical-to-optical fast conversion module. The photoelectric/electro-optical rapid conversion module can realize the bottleneck-free data exchange according to the data transmission speed on the network communication.
In one embodiment, the master node 300 further has disposed thereon: and the master control device 320 is electrically connected with the switch, and is configured to perform acquisition mode information configuration on the acquisition devices on the slave nodes in a static mode, generate a control instruction for the slave nodes, and send the control instruction to each slave node in a dynamic mode.
Static mode refers to the state of the system prior to collection, analysis, and processing. After the configuration of each hardware device of the airborne distributed acquisition system is completed, the system is in a static mode, and at the moment, the system is only in a pure hardware device connection state and cannot be in communication control with each other, so that acquisition mode information configuration is required. When the acquisition mode information is configured, a piece of configuration information is preset according to the configuration relationship of hardware equipment and stored in the master control device 320, the master control device 320 sends the configuration information to the communication control devices 220 of the slave nodes 200, the communication control devices 220 on the slave nodes 200 perform acquisition mode information configuration on the acquisition devices 210 on the nodes where the slave nodes are located according to the configuration information, so that the acquisition devices have corresponding acquisition functions, after the acquisition devices 210 are configured, the master control device 320 generates management and control instructions (including acquisition instructions for controlling the acquisition devices to acquire airborne parameters; transmission instructions for controlling the acquisition devices to transmit the acquired airborne parameters) for managing and controlling the slave nodes 200 when the airborne distributed acquisition system operates.
In one embodiment, the slave node 200 is provided with: the communication control device 220 is electrically connected with the acquisition device 210 on the slave node where the communication control device is located, is connected with the master node 300, and is used for receiving a control instruction sent by the master node 300 and sending the onboard parameters acquired by the acquisition device 210 to the master node 300 according to the control instruction; and the master control device on the master node is also used for receiving the airborne parameters acquired by each slave node in a dynamic mode.
The communication control device 220 is provided with an optical fiber module, and is connected with the optical fiber module on the switch 310 on the master node 300 through an optical fiber module, so as to perform a communication function with the master node 300, perform a communication function with each acquisition device 210 on the slave node where the optical fiber module is located, and perform a control function on each acquisition device 210 on the slave node where the optical fiber module is located, which is equivalent to a transfer station on the slave node.
Dynamic mode refers to the state of the system as it collects, analyzes, and processes. The master control device 320 on the master node 300 sends an acquisition instruction to each slave node 200 in a static mode, each slave node 200 starts to acquire airborne parameters after receiving the acquisition instruction, at this time, the system enters a dynamic mode, and after the acquisition device 210 on the slave node 200 acquires the airborne parameters, the acquired airborne parameters are temporarily stored. Each acquisition device temporarily stores the onboard parameters acquired by the acquisition device, and the acquisition of the onboard parameters is completed by the slave node after all the acquisition devices 210 on the slave node acquire the onboard parameters. After the master control device 320 sends a transmission instruction to the slave node, the acquisition device 210 transmits the onboard parameters temporarily stored therein to the communication control device 220 of the slave node 200, and the communication control device 220 transmits the received onboard parameters to the master node 300, thereby completing the transmission of the onboard parameters.
When the acquisition devices 210 are provided in the slave nodes 200, the acquisition devices 210 having different functions are provided according to the types of the onboard parameters to be acquired. Wherein, collection device 210 is the collection integrated circuit board, and master control unit 320 is the main control board, and communication control device 220 is the communication control panel, collects the integrated circuit board and is connected through the bottom plate between the communication control panel.
In one embodiment, the governing instruction includes a synchronization instruction. And the master node sends the synchronization instruction to each slave node, and each slave node sends the synchronization instruction to a collection device controlled by the slave node after receiving the synchronization instruction. Therefore, the acquisition synchronization of the acquisition devices on the slave nodes is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the synchronization command is a pulse signal, the master control device 320 sends the pulse signal to the communication control device 220 on each slave node 200, the communication control device 220 sends the pulse signal to the acquisition device 210 controlled by the communication control device, and the acquisition device 210 synchronously acquires the airborne parameters after receiving the pulse signal.
If the acquisition system of the traditional single node (one acquisition device) needs to realize the acquisition synchronization of the airborne parameters, the acquisition synchronization of the airborne parameters can be realized only by sending a broadcast signal to each sensor by the main control device 320 on the single node. The structure of the airborne distributed acquisition system in the embodiment of the invention is different from that of a single-node acquisition system, so that when the airborne parameter acquisition synchronization of the airborne distributed acquisition system is realized, the master control device 320 on the master node 300 firstly sends a uniformly specified pulse signal to each slave node 200 in a broadcasting mode, each slave node immediately sends the pulse signal to the acquisition device 210 on the node in a broadcasting mode after receiving the pulse signal, and the acquisition device 210 immediately executes the function of acquiring airborne parameters after receiving the pulse signal, so that each slave node achieves the effect of synchronously acquiring airborne parameters, the airborne parameters are synchronously acquired, and the analysis of the overall performance of the spacecraft in a certain time period is facilitated. Compared with the traditional single-node acquisition system, the acquisition synchronization of the airborne distributed acquisition system in the embodiment adopts a secondary synchronization mode, that is, the slave nodes 200 are synchronized first, and then the acquisition devices 210 on the slave nodes 200 are synchronized. Therefore, the airborne distributed acquisition system needs two times of close matching of the master node 300 and the slave node 200 when acquisition synchronization is realized, and the synchronization is realized through hardware.
It should be noted that the pulse signals are adopted to enable the master control device 320 to send the pulse signals to the slave nodes 200 at equal intervals, the airborne parameters are collected once at equal intervals, and the collected airborne parameters can reflect the running states of the aerospace vehicle in different time periods, so that an operator can conveniently obtain and analyze the overall running state of the aerospace vehicle and perform operation control on the overall running state.
It should be noted that the management and control instruction includes operation, control and management information of each slave node 200, and in this embodiment, the pulse signal controls the acquisition device 210 in the slave node 200 to synchronously acquire the onboard parameters (similar to the acquisition instruction), so that the pulse signal is included in the management and control instruction.
In one embodiment, the master node 300 is connected to the collecting device 210 on each slave node 200 through a preset connection device, and the master node 300 sends a synchronization command to the collecting device 210 through the preset connection device.
The preset connecting device is equivalent to a special hardware channel, and the main node directly transmits the synchronous instruction to the acquisition devices on the slave nodes through the special hardware channel so as to enable the acquisition devices to acquire synchronously. The acquisition synchronization of the airborne distributed acquisition system in the embodiment adopts a one-time synchronization mode, and the synchronous acquisition is completed in one step, so that the method is simple and rapid. The preset connecting device is directly connected with the bottom plates on the slave nodes, and the connection between the master node and the collecting device can be realized due to the connection between the bottom plates and the collecting device.
In one embodiment, the onboard distributed acquisition system transmits the onboard parameters acquired from the nodes to a preset location (master node 300 or other pre-designated location) in a time-slotted manner or in node packets.
The conventional single-node acquisition system directly stores airborne parameters in a designated position (on a single node), while each slave node 200 of the airborne distributed acquisition system in the embodiment may acquire various types of airborne parameters, and if each slave node 200 directly performs communication transmission on various types of acquired parameters acquired by the slave node 200, the real-time and high-efficiency transmission of the airborne parameters cannot be realized, so that the real-time and high-efficiency transmission of the airborne parameters can be realized only by orderly and reasonable arrangement. In order to realize the real-time efficient communication transmission of the airborne distributed acquisition system, two modes can be adopted for transmission:
first, the time slot method is adopted to transmit the airborne parameters. The onboard parameters are temporarily stored according to the types of the onboard parameters after the onboard parameters are collected by the collecting devices on the node 200, each type of onboard parameters corresponds to one module, so that the onboard parameters on the node are divided into a plurality of modules, each module corresponds to one transmission time (namely, a time slot), namely, one transmission time is allocated to each type of onboard parameters, the time slot size is related to the data volume of the transmitted onboard parameters, the numerical value is obtained through a previous comprehensive experiment (the numerical value is the minimum time required for transmitting the corresponding type of onboard parameters), and the time slots are a series of time slots, namely, the onboard parameters corresponding to each module are continuously sent. Preferably, the numerical values of the time slots are arranged in the order from small to large, namely, the airborne parameters with smaller airborne parameter data volume are transmitted preferentially, and the real-time performance of the data can be reflected better. When the airborne parameters are transmitted, each type of data is transmitted to the main node 300 in a corresponding time slot, and the airborne parameters in all modules are transmitted to the main node 300 in the shortest time, so that real-time communication transmission of the airborne parameters is realized. It should be noted that, in the time slot configured for each type of onboard parameters, the control parameters transmitted in the time slot are bound in the acquisition device 210, the communication control device 220, and the switch 310, and the onboard parameters are transmitted under the control of these control parameters.
In the aforementioned embodiment of collecting the airborne parameters of the two wings of the aircraft, the first slave node collects the airborne parameters of the left wing of the aircraft, where the airborne parameters include a vibration parameter, a temperature parameter and an angle of attack parameter, and the three types of airborne parameters are divided into three modules, for example, the vibration parameter is divided into a first module, the temperature parameter is divided into a second module, and the angle of attack parameter is divided into a third module; and acquiring airborne parameters of right wings of the airplane from the second slave node, wherein the airborne parameters of the right wings also comprise vibration parameters, temperature parameters and attack angle parameters, the three types of airborne parameters are also divided into three modules, the vibration parameters are also correspondingly divided into a fourth module, the temperature parameters are divided into a fifth module, and the attack angle parameters are divided into a sixth module. When the airborne parameters of the left wing and the right wing are transmitted to the main node 300, the airborne parameters (vibration parameters) corresponding to the first module are transmitted in the first time slot, the airborne parameters (temperature parameters) corresponding to the second module are transmitted in the second time slot, the airborne parameters (attack angle parameters) corresponding to the third module are transmitted in the third time slot, then the airborne parameters (vibration parameters) corresponding to the fourth module are transmitted in the fourth time slot, the airborne parameters (temperature parameters) corresponding to the fifth module are transmitted in the fifth time slot, and the airborne parameters (attack angle parameters) corresponding to the sixth module are transmitted in the sixth time slot, so that the real-time transmission of the airborne parameters is realized.
In another embodiment, the type of the corresponding onboard parameter on each slave node may also be different, for example, each acquisition device on the slave node 1 has a function of acquiring a temperature parameter, a fuel consumption parameter, a mechanical stress parameter, a voltage parameter, and a current parameter, and the temperature parameter corresponds to the first module, the fuel consumption parameter corresponds to the second module, the mechanical stress parameter corresponds to the third module, the voltage parameter corresponds to the fourth module, and the current parameter corresponds to the fifth module; each acquisition device on the slave node 2 has the functions of acquiring atmospheric parameters, terrestrial heat radiation parameters and multispectral parameters, the terrestrial parameters correspond to the sixth module, the terrestrial heat radiation parameters correspond to the seventh module, and the multispectral parameters correspond to the eighth module; each acquisition device on the slave node 3 has a function of acquiring performance parameters, trajectory parameters and orbit parameters of the aircraft, the performance parameters correspond to the ninth module, the trajectory parameters correspond to the tenth module, and the orbit parameters correspond to the eleventh module. When the airborne parameters are transmitted to the master node 300, the airborne parameters corresponding to the first module are transmitted in the first time slot, the airborne parameters corresponding to the second module are transmitted in the second time slot, and so on until the transmission of the airborne parameters corresponding to the last module is completed, and the real-time transmission of the airborne parameters is realized.
And secondly, transmitting the airborne parameters in a node data packet mode. The storage space for various types of onboard parameters is preset on the communication control device 220 of each slave node 200, that is, each type of onboard parameter corresponds to one storage space, the storage space is obtained through preliminary experiments, the size of the storage space is the minimum space required for storing the corresponding type of onboard parameters, and the storage space is a continuous space on the communication control device 220. Each acquisition device only acquires one type of airborne parameters, so that each acquisition device automatically transmits the airborne parameters to a corresponding storage space on the communication control device 220 after receiving a transmission instruction, and after the airborne parameters acquired by the last acquisition device of the slave node are completely transmitted, the node data packet on the slave node is organized, and the communication control device 220 transmits the node data packet to a preset area of the switch on the master node 300. Wherein the preset area is obtained by pre-experimental modeling, and is configured to be completed when the system is in a static mode. The airborne parameters are transmitted by using the node data packets, and the required storage space is minimum, so that the effect of real-time and efficient transmission can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the master node 300 further has disposed thereon: and a time system device for calibrating the time of the slave node 200.
Preferably, the timing device is disposed on the main control device 320, which saves space and is relatively simple in design.
The traditional single-node acquisition system only has one node, so that the problem of time consistency or inconsistency (only one time exists on the single node) does not exist. However, the onboard distributed acquisition system in the above embodiment includes a master node 300 and at least one slave node 200, and if the time between the master node 300 and the slave node 200 (or each slave node) is not consistent, all onboard time parameters required at a certain time point cannot be acquired, and other problems, so it is necessary and important to unify the clocks of the onboard distributed acquisition system in the above embodiment.
Specifically, each slave node 200 sends clock information on the slave node to the master node 300 in a cycle (preset) unit, after receiving the clock information sent by each slave node 200, the master node 300 analyzes and compares the clock information on each slave node 200 with the clock of the master node 300 with reference to the clock of the master node 300 to obtain a clock trimming amount (i.e., a time deviation between the master node clock and each slave node clock) of each slave node 200, and then sends the trimming amount to each slave node 200, and the slave node 200 dynamically trims the clock of the slave node according to the trimming amount, so that the clocks on the nodes in the whole acquisition system are uniform.
The following describes the operation of the onboard distributed acquisition system in an embodiment shown in fig. 2 in detail:
the onboard distributed acquisition system in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 includes a master node 300, three slave nodes 200, and sensors 100 corresponding to the three slave nodes 200. The master node 300 is provided with a switch 310 and a master control device 320, the master control device 320 is connected with the switch 310, airborne parameters collected from the slave nodes 200 are received through the switch 310, the three slave nodes are respectively a slave node 1, a slave node 2 and a slave node 3, each slave node 200 is provided with a collection device 210 and a communication control device 220, the communication control device 220 on each slave node 200 is connected with the switch 310 on the master node 300 and is communicated with the master node 300 through the switch 310, the collection devices on the slave nodes 200 are respectively connected with the communication control devices 220 on the slave nodes, meanwhile, the collection device 210 on each slave node 200 is connected with the sensors 100 which are distributed in a certain position of the aerospace vehicle in a centralized way, the collection device 210 collects the airborne parameters of the certain position of the aerospace vehicle detected by the sensors connected with the collection device, and then transmits the collected airborne parameters to the corresponding communication control devices 220, the communication control device 220 is finally transmitted to the main control device 320 through the switch 310 for analysis and processing by the relevant personnel.
In a specific embodiment, the slave node 1 is provided with five acquisition devices, the five acquisition devices are respectively correspondingly connected with five sensors and are used for respectively acquiring airborne parameters detected by the five sensors, the five acquisition devices on the slave node 1 are all connected with the communication control device on the slave node 1, the five acquisition devices transmit the acquired airborne parameters to the communication control device, and then the communication control device on the slave node 1 transmits the airborne parameters to the main control device 320 on the master node 300 through the switch 310 on the master node 300; the slave node 2 is provided with three acquisition devices which are respectively and correspondingly connected with the three sensors and used for respectively acquiring airborne parameters detected by the three sensors, the three acquisition devices on the slave node 2 are all connected with the communication control device on the slave node 2, the three acquisition devices transmit the acquired airborne parameters to the communication control device on the slave node 2, and then the communication control device on the slave node 2 transmits the airborne parameters to the master control device 320 on the master node 300 through the switch 310 on the master node 300; similarly, the slave node 3 is provided with three acquisition devices, and the acquisition and transmission process of the onboard parameters is similar to that of the slave node 2.
In the process of transmitting the acquired airborne parameters to the master node 300, the airborne parameters are transmitted in a time slot mode or a node data packet mode, so that the real-time and high-efficiency transmission of the airborne parameters is realized. The master node 300 is further provided with a time system device for calibrating the time of each slave node 200 to ensure that the time of the whole onboard distributed acquisition system is consistent. The master node 300 sends a pulse signal to control the acquisition device 210 on the slave node 200, so as to achieve the effect of synchronously acquiring the airborne parameters.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the master node system further includes a chassis, a bottom board, a power board, a time code board and different types of function boards in addition to the master control device (master control board) and the switch (switch board), where the chassis protects the master node, the power board provides power for the master node, the time code board realizes time unification between the master node and an external system (such as a satellite system), and the bottom board plays a role in connecting the board cards on the master node. The slave node comprises a case, a bottom plate, a power panel and different types of function panels except the communication control device (communication control panel) and the acquisition device (acquisition board card), wherein the case plays a role in protecting the slave node, the power panel provides power for the slave node, and the bottom plate plays a role in connecting the board cards on the slave node. Different types of function boards are flexibly configured according to specific requirements.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a computer program, and the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes in the above embodiments. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An airborne distributed acquisition system, comprising:
the system comprises at least one slave node, a plurality of acquisition devices and a plurality of sensors, wherein each acquisition device corresponds to one group of sensors;
the master node is connected with each slave node and used for sending a control instruction to each slave node;
the slave node is further used for sending the airborne parameters to a preset position according to the control instruction;
wherein the master node and the slave node are connected through an optical fiber; the main node is provided with: the switch is used for connecting the master node with each slave node; the switch comprises an optical-electrical/electrical-optical rapid conversion module;
the main node is also provided with: the master control device is electrically connected with the switch and is used for carrying out acquisition mode information configuration on the acquisition devices on the slave nodes in a static mode, generating a control instruction for the slave nodes and sending the control instruction to each slave node in a dynamic mode; wherein the management instruction comprises: the acquisition instruction is used for controlling the acquisition device to acquire the airborne parameters, and the transmission instruction is used for controlling the acquisition device to transmit the acquired airborne parameters;
the airborne distributed acquisition system sends the airborne parameters acquired from the nodes to the preset position in a time slot mode or a node data packet mode;
wherein, be provided with on the slave node: the acquisition device is connected with the sensors and used for acquiring the airborne parameters and storing the airborne parameters, and the acquisition device is configured according to the type of the acquired airborne parameters;
the slave node comprises a slave node 1, a slave node 2 and a slave node 3, wherein five acquisition devices on the slave node 1 are respectively and correspondingly connected with five sensors and are used for respectively acquiring temperature parameters, fuel consumption parameters, mechanical stress parameters, voltage parameters and current parameters; the three acquisition devices on the slave node 2 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the three sensors and are used for acquiring atmospheric parameters, terrestrial heat radiation parameters and multispectral parameters; and the three acquisition devices on the slave nodes 3 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the three sensors and are respectively used for acquiring the performance parameters, the trajectory parameters and the track parameters of the aircraft.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said collection devices are provided on each said slave node, each said collection device corresponding to at least one said set of sensors.
3. The airborne distributed acquisition system of claim 1 wherein said slave node further comprises: the communication control device is electrically connected with the acquisition device on the slave node where the communication control device is located, is connected with the master node, is used for receiving the control instruction sent by the master node, and is also used for sending the airborne parameters acquired by the acquisition device to the master node according to the control instruction; the master control device on the master node is further configured to receive the airborne parameters acquired by each slave node in a dynamic mode.
4. The airborne distributed acquisition system of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said master node further comprises: and the time system device is used for calibrating the time of the slave node.
5. The airborne distributed acquisition system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the management and control instruction comprises a synchronization instruction;
and the master node sends the synchronization instruction to each slave node, and each slave node sends the synchronization instruction to the acquisition device controlled by the slave node after receiving the synchronization instruction.
6. The airborne distributed acquisition system according to claim 5, wherein the master node is connected to the acquisition devices on the respective slave nodes through a predetermined connection device, and the master node sends the synchronization command to the acquisition devices through the predetermined connection device.
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| CN108664036A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-16 | 安徽太通信科技有限公司 | A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle control system and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control method |
| CN112083958B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-01-17 | 陕西千山航空电子有限责任公司 | RapidIO-based flight parameter data storage structure and storage method |
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