CN106786806B - Active and reactive coordination control method for power distribution network based on model predictive control - Google Patents
Active and reactive coordination control method for power distribution network based on model predictive control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution network active and reactive coordination regulation method based on model predictive control, which comprises the following steps: 1) Establishing a day-ahead optimization regulation model according to the optimization target and the constraint condition; 2) Solving a day-ahead optimization regulation model, and making a day-ahead power distribution network active and reactive regulation plan; 3) Taking a power distribution network active and reactive regulation plan before the day as a reference value, based on a power distribution network running state measurement value at the current moment, taking current and future running constraint conditions into consideration, establishing a prediction model and an active and reactive coordination optimization regulation model of a rolling correction stage in the day, and solving an active and reactive control instruction sequence in the day of a limited period in the future; 4) And executing the daily active and reactive control instruction at the first moment, shifting the time window by one time interval, and repeating the daily rolling correction optimization process. The method reduces the system operation cost on the premise of ensuring the system operation safety, reduces the system network loss and realizes the maximization of the operation benefit of the active power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power distribution network operation optimization, and relates to a power distribution network active and reactive coordination regulation method based on model predictive control.
Background
With a large number of distributed power sources, flexible loads, energy storage devices, reactive compensation devices and other devices accessing a power distribution network, traditional power distribution networks are gradually evolving into active power distribution networks with numerous adjustable and controllable resources. The power generation capacity of the distributed power supply, especially the renewable energy source, has randomness, intermittence and fluctuation, the prediction accuracy is low, the prediction error is increased with the increase of time, and great challenges are brought to the regulation and control of the power grid. Active distribution networks are urgently required to seek a regulation method capable of better coping with the uncertainty of renewable energy output, and model predictive control (model predictive control, MPC) is an effective way to solve this problem.
The existing research effectively improves the capability of the power distribution network in coping with the uncertainty of renewable energy sources through model predictive control, but only considers the active scheduling of the active power distribution network. The active power and the reactive power in the power distribution network have strong coupling performance, and the power distribution network is not complete and comprehensive because the active power and the reactive power are respectively optimized and analyzed based on the traditional active-reactive decoupling theory. From the consideration of the running economy of the power distribution network, the network loss is reduced by adjusting the non-functions, and the economic benefit is indirectly improved; from the consideration of the operation safety of the power distribution network, the system voltage can be regulated by regulating the active resources in the power distribution network, and the safe operation of the system is ensured. Therefore, from the perspective of safety and economy of operation of the active power distribution network, it is necessary to study active power and reactive power coordination scheduling of the active power distribution network, and the maximization of the operation benefit of the active power distribution network is realized under the condition of ensuring safety and stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the existing active power distribution network optimization scheduling method based on model predictive control is only aimed at active power scheduling, the influence of reactive power change in the power distribution network is not considered, and the method is not complete and comprehensive for the power distribution network with strong active power and reactive power coupling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a power distribution network active and reactive coordination regulation method based on model predictive control, which comprises the following steps:
step 10), in the day-ahead stage, a day-ahead optimization regulation model of the power distribution network is established, the model takes the minimum running cost of the power distribution network as an optimization target, and takes power flow constraint, power distribution network running safety constraint, active and reactive power coordination output constraint of a distributed power supply, flexible load constraint and reactive power compensation equipment constraint as constraint conditions;
step 20), solving a day-ahead optimal scheduling model of the power distribution network to obtain a day-ahead active and reactive power regulation plan of the power distribution network, and issuing the plan in advance;
step 30), in the intra-day stage, the active and reactive power regulation plan of the power distribution network before the day obtained by solving in the step 20) is utilized, based on the running state measurement value of the power distribution network at the current moment, a prediction model and an active and reactive power coordination optimization regulation model of the limited period in the intra-day rolling correction stage are established by considering the current and future running constraint conditions, the deviation phenomenon of the actual plan in the day caused by the pre-day prediction error is corrected, and the intra-day active and reactive power control instruction sequence of the limited period in the future is solved;
step 40), executing an active and reactive control instruction in the day at the first moment, moving the time window by one time interval, and repeating the rolling correction optimization process in the day.
As a further limiting scheme of the present invention, in step 10), the power distribution network day-ahead optimization regulation stage model is as follows:
minF DA (U DA )
s.t.G DA (U DA )≤0
in the formula ,FDA Minimum objective function of running cost of power distribution network for day-ahead stage model, G DA Is a constraint condition in a model, comprising a power flow constraint, a power distribution network operation safety constraint, a distributed power source active and reactive power coordinated output constraint, a flexible load constraint and a reactive power compensation equipment constraint, U DA As a control variable in the day-ahead phase model,exchange power for main network connection line at time t before day,/-> andFor the active power of renewable energy sources and the active power of controllable distributed power sources at node i at time t before day,/->The controlled active power of the load at node i at time t; andThe charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage device at the node i at the time t before the day are respectively +.> andReactive power of SVC, energy storage reactive power output, reactive power of compensation capacitor, reactive power of renewable energy source, reactive power of controllable distributed power source at node i of time t before day respectively, +/->The adjustable ratio of the on-load voltage regulator OLTC at the branch ij at the time t before the day.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 10), the objective function with the smallest running cost of the power distribution network is:
wherein DeltaT is the unit time interval of the day-ahead optimal regulation stage, ρ G,t For the unit cost of the power exchange between the regional distribution network and the main network tie line at the moment t, ρ RE,i 、ρ CDG,i and ρESS,i The power price of the renewable energy source, the controllable distributed power source and the stored energy at the node i are respectively used for surfing the internet,for the controlled state of the load at node i at time t before day, 1 means controlled, 0 means uncontrolled, +.>For compensation of load at node i ρ T Adjusting cost, deltaU for unit gear of OLTC T Total daily adjustment quantity of OLTC gear, ρ C To compensate for the unit gear adjustment cost of the capacitor, deltaU C To compensate for the total daily adjustment of the capacitor gear.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 10), the power flow constraint is:
in the formula , andThe active power and the reactive power of the head end of the branch ij at the time t before the day are respectively +.> andActive power and reactive power net injection values of node j at time t before day, +.> andLoad active power and load reactive power of node j at time t before day respectively, +.>For the voltage amplitude value at the node j at the time t before the day, r ij and xij The resistance and reactance of the line ij, < >>The current on the branch ij at the time t before the day;
the operation safety constraint of the power distribution network is as follows:
in the formula , andRespectively upper and lower limits of the voltage amplitude of the node i, < + >>Is the upper limit of the current amplitude of the branch ij.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 10), the active and reactive coordinated output constraints of the distributed power supply include an energy storage active and reactive output constraint, a renewable energy active and reactive output constraint, and a controllable distributed power supply active and reactive output constraint; wherein,
the energy storage active reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula ,the maximum apparent power that can be provided for the energy storage inverter at node i;
the energy storage active charge and discharge and the stored electric quantity need to follow the following constraint:
in the formula , andRespectively, the upper limit of charge and discharge power of energy storage on a node i at the moment t, < >> andRespectively the charge and discharge states of energy storage on the node i at the moment t are 0-1 variable, +.>For the total energy stored at node i of period t, eta ch 、η dis Charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage respectively, +.>Is the energy storage capacity limit;
the renewable energy source active and reactive power output constraint comprises a photovoltaic active and reactive power output constraint and a wind power active and reactive power output constraint; wherein, photovoltaic active reactive power output constraint is:
in the formula , andActive and reactive output of photovoltaic at node i at time t before day, +.>The maximum apparent power of the photovoltaic inverter at the node i is set;
the wind power active and reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula , andActive output and reactive output of wind power at node i at time t before day respectively, +.>The maximum current of the stator winding of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine is s is slip ratio and X of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine s,i and Xm,i Respectively being a stator reactance and an excitation reactance of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine at the node i, < + >>Maximum current for a rotor side converter of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine;
the controllable distributed power supply active and reactive output constraint is that of a miniature gas turbine; the active and reactive output constraint of the micro gas turbine is as follows:
in the formula , andThe active output and the reactive output of the micro gas turbine at the node i at the time t before the day are respectively, S MT,i The installed capacity of the miniature gas turbine at the node i;
for active output, there is a hill climbing rate constraint for a micro gas turbine:
in the formula : andThe uphill speed limit and the downhill speed limit of the micro gas turbine at the node i are respectively.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 10), the flexible load constraint is an operational constraint of an interruptible load, and the flexible load operational constraint is:
in the formula ,s is the upper limit value of the interruptible load at the node j CL,i An interruption period is allowed for the interruptible load at node i.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 10), the reactive compensation device constraints include OLTC operation constraints, SVC operation constraints, and compensation capacitor operation constraints; wherein, OLTC operation constraints are:
in the formula , and Δkij Standard ratio and regulation step length of OLTC in branch ij, respectively, +.> andThe gear at the time t of the OLTC in the branch ij and the adjustable lower limit and the adjustable upper limit of the gear are respectively shown;
the SVC operation constraint is:
in the formula , andThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of SVC adjustable power are respectively;
the compensation capacitor operating constraints are:
in the formula , and ΔQC,i Minimum output and adjustable capacity step of the compensation capacitor connected to node i, respectively, +.> andThe t-time gear and the adjustable upper and lower limits of the compensation capacitor connected at the node i are respectively provided.
As a further limiting aspect of the present invention, in step 30), the prediction model of the limited period of the intra-day rolling correction phase is:
u=[P G ,P RE,i ,Q RE,i ,P CDG,i ,Q CDG,i ,P ch,i ,P dis,i ,Q ESS,i ,Q SVC,i ]
in the formula ,t0 The moment is the current moment, delta t is the unit time interval of the daily rolling correction stage, M is the model solving of the daily rolling correction stageThe total time period u represents controllable means in the active power distribution network in the feedback correction stage, and comprises the exchange power P of the main network tie line G Active power output P of renewable energy source RE,i Reactive power output Q of renewable energy RE,i Active power output P of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Reactive power Q of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Energy storage active force P ch,i and Pdsi,i Energy storage reactive power output Q ESS,i SVC reactive power output Q SVC,I ,At t 0 T obtained by time prediction 0 The output value of each controllable means at +kDeltat,/->At t 0 The actual measurement feedback value of each controllable means at the moment, < >>At t 0 And predicting the moment to obtain the increment of each controllable means, and solving the variables for the optimization model.
As a further limiting scheme of the present invention, in step 30), the active-reactive coordination optimization regulation model of the limited period of the intra-day rolling correction phase is:
minF DR (U DR )
in the formula ,UDR At t 0 ~t 0 A set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, F DR G is an objective function of the rolling correction stage model in the day DR The constraint condition of the phase model is corrected for daily rolling;
the objective function of the active and reactive coordination optimization model in the limited time period of the daily rolling correction stage is as follows:
minF DR =||(U DR -U DA )·U max || 1
in the formula ,UDA For the day t 0 ~t 0 Set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, U max For the reciprocal of the maximum value of the output of each controllable means, the constraint conditions of the active-reactive coordination optimization model in the limited period of the rolling correction stage in the day are the same as the constraint conditions in the previous stage except that the constraint conditions do not contain flexible load operation constraint, OLTC operation constraint and compensation capacitor operation constraint.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the adjustment characteristics of various adjustable resources such as distributed power sources, flexible loads, reactive power adjustment equipment and the like in an active power distribution network in the aspects of time scale, control functions and the like, the coordination mechanism of active and reactive power output of the active power distribution network is analyzed, the requirements of the power distribution network in the aspects of operation economy, safety and the like are combined, prediction errors caused by large-scale renewable energy output fluctuation are considered, a multi-time scale active and reactive power coordination scheduling method of the power distribution network based on model prediction control is provided, various active and reactive power adjustable resources in the power distribution network are coordinated comprehensively, the operation cost of the system is further reduced on the premise of ensuring the operation safety of the system, the network loss of the system is reduced, and the maximization of the operation benefit of the active power distribution network is realized more comprehensively.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for active and reactive coordination regulation of the power distribution network based on model predictive control disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, a power distribution network day-ahead optimization regulation model is established, the model takes the minimum running cost of the power distribution network as an optimization target, and takes power flow constraint, power distribution network running safety constraint, active and reactive power coordination output constraint of a distributed power supply, flexible load constraint and reactive power compensation equipment constraint as constraint conditions;
the day-ahead regulation and control plan performs active and reactive power coordination optimization regulation and control according to the day-ahead load and the prediction information of renewable energy sources by considering the running economy and the safety of the active power distribution network, the unit time interval of the day-ahead optimization regulation and control stage is delta T, and the optimization control variables comprise: active and reactive power output of a distributed power supply, active power exchanged by a power distribution network and a main network tie line, flexible load adjustment quantity, reactive power output of a compensation capacitor, SVC output and OLTC transformation ratio, and the minimum running cost of the power distribution network is taken as an optimization target in a day-ahead optimization stage, a basic regulation and control plan of the next day is formulated, and the plan is issued in advance;
the day-ahead optimization regulation phase model can be summarized as follows:
minF DA (U DA )
s.t.G DA (U DA )≤0
in the formula ,FDA Minimum objective function of running cost of power distribution network for day-ahead stage model, G DA Is a constraint condition in a model, comprising a power flow constraint, a power distribution network operation safety constraint, a distributed power source active and reactive power coordinated output constraint, a flexible load constraint and a reactive power compensation equipment constraint, U DA As a control variable in the day-ahead phase model,exchange power for main network connection line at time t before day,/-> andFor the active power of renewable energy sources and the active power of controllable distributed power sources at node i at time t before day,/->The controlled active power of the load at node i at time t; andThe charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage device at the node i at the time t before the day are respectively +.> andThe reactive power of the static reactive power compensation device SVC (static reactive compensator) at the node i at the time t before the day, the reactive power of the energy storage reactive power output (output reactive power is positive), the reactive power of the compensation capacitor, the reactive power of the renewable energy source (output reactive power is positive) and the reactive power of the controllable distributed power supply are respectively shown as follows>The adjustable ratio of the on-load voltage regulator OLTC at the branch ij at the time t before the day;
objective function F with minimum running cost of power distribution network DA The following is shown:
wherein DeltaT is the unit time interval of the day-ahead optimal regulation stage, ρ G,t For the unit cost of the power exchange between the regional distribution network and the main network tie line at the moment t, ρ RE,i 、ρ CDG,i and ρESS,i The power price of the renewable energy source, the controllable distributed power source and the stored energy at the node i are respectively used for surfing the internet,for the controlled state of the load at node i at time t before day, 1 means controlled, 0 means uncontrolled, +.>For compensation of load at node i ρ T Adjusting cost, deltaU for unit gear of OLTC T Total daily adjustment quantity of OLTC gear, ρ C To compensate for the unit gear adjustment cost of the capacitor, deltaU C The total adjustment amount of the capacitor gear is compensated for all day;
constraint condition G of power distribution network day-ahead optimization regulation model DA The method comprises the steps of power flow constraint, power distribution network operation safety constraint, distributed power source active and reactive coordination output constraint, flexible load constraint and reactive compensation equipment constraint.
The tide constraint is as follows:
in the formula , andThe active power and the reactive power of the head end of the branch ij at the time t before the day are respectively +.>Andactive power and reactive power net injection values of node j at time t before day, +.> andLoad active power and load reactive power of node j at time t before day respectively, +.>For the voltage amplitude value at the node j at the time t before the day, r ij and xij The resistance and reactance of the line ij, < >>The current on the branch ij at the time t before the day;
the operation safety constraint of the power distribution network is as follows:
in the formula , andRespectively upper and lower limits of the voltage amplitude of the node i, < + >>The current amplitude upper limit of the branch ij is set;
the distributed power source active and reactive power coordinated output constraint comprises an energy storage active and reactive output constraint, a renewable energy source active and reactive output constraint and a controllable distributed power source active and reactive output constraint; wherein,
the energy storage active reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula ,the maximum apparent power that can be provided for the energy storage inverter at node i;
the energy storage active charge and discharge and the stored electric quantity need to follow the following constraint:
in the formula , andRespectively, the upper limit of charge and discharge power of energy storage on a node i at the moment t, < >> andRespectively the charge and discharge states of energy storage on the node i at the moment t are 0-1 variable, +.>For the total energy stored at node i of period t, eta ch 、η dis Charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage respectively, +.>Is the energy storage capacity limit;
the renewable energy source active and reactive power output constraint comprises a photovoltaic active and reactive power output constraint and a wind power active and reactive power output constraint; wherein, photovoltaic active reactive power output constraint is:
in the formula , andActive and reactive output of photovoltaic at node i at time t before day, +.>The maximum apparent power of the photovoltaic inverter at the node i is set; />
The wind power active and reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula , andActive output and reactive output of wind power at node i at time t before day respectively, +.>The maximum current of the stator winding of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine is s is slip ratio and X of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine s,i and Xm,i Respectively being a stator reactance and an excitation reactance of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine at the node i, < + >>Maximum current for a rotor side converter of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine;
the controllable distributed power supply active and reactive output constraint is that of a miniature gas turbine; the active and reactive output constraint of the micro gas turbine is as follows:
in the formula , andRespectively the day beforeActive output and reactive output of miniature gas turbine at node i at t moment S MT,i The installed capacity of the miniature gas turbine at the node i;
for active output, there is a hill climbing rate constraint for a micro gas turbine:
in the formula : andRespectively limiting the upward climbing speed and the downward climbing speed of the micro gas turbine at the node i;
the flexible load constraint mainly considers the operation constraint of the interruptible load, and the flexible load operation constraint is as follows:
in the formula ,s is the upper limit value of the interruptible load at the node j CL,i Allowing an interruption period for an interruptible load at node i;
reactive compensation equipment constraints mainly include OLTC operating constraints, SVC operating constraints and compensation capacitor operating constraints; wherein, OLTC operation constraints are:
in the formula , and Δkij Standard ratio and regulation step length of OLTC in branch ij, respectively, +.> andThe gear at the time t of the OLTC in the branch ij and the adjustable lower limit and the adjustable upper limit of the gear are respectively shown;
the SVC operation constraint is:
in the formula , andThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of SVC adjustable power are respectively;
the compensation capacitor operating constraints are:
in the formula , and ΔQC,i Minimum output and adjustable capacity step of the compensation capacitor connected to node i, respectively, +.> andThe t-time gear and the adjustable upper and lower limits of the compensation capacitor connected at the node i are respectively;
2) Solving a day-ahead optimization regulation model by using mature commercial software, making a day-ahead power distribution network active and reactive regulation plan, and issuing the plan in advance, wherein slow dynamic equipment such as an OLTC, a compensation capacitor, an interruptible load and the like are not changed in a day-ahead regulation stage after determining a power output plan due to limited regulation speed;
3) Utilizing the regulation and control plan obtained in the step 2), taking current and future operation constraint conditions into consideration, establishing a prediction model and an optimized regulation and control model in a daily rolling correction stage, and correcting a daily actual plan deviation phenomenon caused by a daily prediction error;
in order to eliminate the deviation phenomenon of actual plan in the day caused by the prediction error before the day, rolling correction is carried out in the day by taking Δt (Δt < Δt) as a period, in each period, taking the current moment and the load in a period of MΔt in the future and the prediction information of renewable energy sources as input variables, taking the actual measurement value of the output of each controllable means in the power distribution network at the current moment as an initial value, taking the increment of the output of each controllable means in a finite time domain MΔt in the future as a control variable, predicting the state of the future MΔt time of the power distribution network based on a certain prediction model, simultaneously taking the current and future operation constraint conditions into consideration, establishing a finite period active-reactive coordination optimization model in the rolling correction stage in the day, optimizing and solving the control instruction sequence of the period MΔt in the future,
the prediction model of the limited period of the daily rolling correction stage is as follows:
u=[P G ,P RE,i ,Q RE,i ,P CDG,i ,Q CDG,i ,P ch,i ,P dis,i ,Q ESS,i ,Q SVC,i ]
in the formula ,t0 The moment is the current moment, deltat is the unit time interval of the daily rolling correction stage, M is the total time period of the daily rolling correction stage model solution, u represents the controllable means in the active power distribution network of the feedback correction stage, and the controllable means comprise the main network tie line exchange power P G Active power output P of renewable energy source RE,i Reactive power output Q of renewable energy RE,i Active power output P of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Reactive power Q of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Energy storage active force P ch,i and Pdsi,i Energy storage reactive power output Q ESS,i SVC reactive power output Q SVC,I ,At t 0 T obtained by time prediction 0 The output value of each controllable means at +kDeltat,/->At t 0 The actual measurement feedback value of each controllable means at the moment, < >>At t 0 Predicting the moment to obtain the increment of each controllable means, and solving the variables for the optimization model;
the active and reactive coordination optimization regulation model of the limited period in the daily rolling correction stage is as follows:
minF DR (U DR )
in the formula :UDR At t 0 ~t 0 A set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, F DR G is an objective function of the rolling correction stage model in the day DR Constraints of the phase model are corrected for intra-day scrolling.
The objective function of the optimization model for the limited period of the daily roll correction phase is as follows:
minF DR =||(U DR -U DA )·U max || 1
in the formula :UDA For the day t 0 ~t 0 Set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, U max Constraint condition G of finite period active-reactive coordination optimization model in daily rolling correction stage for reciprocal of maximum value of output of each controllable means DR Constraint condition G of day-ahead optimization regulation stage DA Similarly, the difference is that: since the regulation and control plans of full dynamic devices such as interruptible loads, OLTC, and compensation capacitors have been determined before the day, and have not been changed during the day phase, the constraints of the day roll correction phase do not include flexible load operation constraints, OLTC operation constraints, and compensation capacitor operation constraints.
4) And solving according to the active and reactive power optimization regulation model in the daily rolling correction stage to obtain a daily active and reactive power control instruction sequence of a limited period in the future, executing the daily active and reactive power control instruction at the first moment, shifting the time window by one time interval, and repeating the daily rolling correction optimization process.
Claims (6)
1. The active and reactive coordination regulation and control method for the power distribution network based on model predictive control is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 10), in the day-ahead stage, a day-ahead optimization regulation model of the power distribution network is established, the model takes the minimum running cost of the power distribution network as an optimization target, and takes power flow constraint, power distribution network running safety constraint, active and reactive power coordination output constraint of a distributed power supply, flexible load constraint and reactive power compensation equipment constraint as constraint conditions;
step 20), solving a day-ahead optimal scheduling model of the power distribution network to obtain a day-ahead active and reactive power regulation plan of the power distribution network, and issuing the plan in advance;
step 30), in the intra-day stage, the active and reactive power regulation plan of the power distribution network before the day obtained by solving in the step 20) is utilized, based on the running state measurement value of the power distribution network at the current moment, a prediction model and an active and reactive power coordination optimization regulation model of the limited period in the intra-day rolling correction stage are established by considering the current and future running constraint conditions, the deviation phenomenon of the actual plan in the day caused by the pre-day prediction error is corrected, and the intra-day active and reactive power control instruction sequence of the limited period in the future is solved;
step 40), executing an active and reactive control instruction in the day at the first moment, moving a time window backwards by a time interval, and repeating the rolling correction optimization process in the day;
in the step 10), the power distribution network day-ahead optimization regulation stage model is as follows:
minF DA (U DA )
s.t.G DA (U DA )≤0
in the formula ,FDA Minimum objective function of running cost of power distribution network for day-ahead stage model, G DA Is a constraint condition in a model, comprising a power flow constraint, a power distribution network operation safety constraint, a distributed power source active and reactive power coordinated output constraint, a flexible load constraint and a reactive power compensation equipment constraint, U DA As a control variable in the day-ahead phase model,exchange power for main network connection line at time t before day,/-> andThe active power of renewable energy sources and controllable distributed power sources at the node i at the moment t before the day,the controlled active power of the load at node i at time t; andThe charging power and the discharging power of the energy storage device at the node i at the time t before the day are respectively +.> andReactive power of SVC, energy storage reactive power output, reactive power of compensation capacitor, reactive power of renewable energy source, reactive power of controllable distributed power source at node i of time t before day respectively, +/->The adjustable ratio of the on-load voltage regulator OLTC at the branch ij at the time t before the day; in step 10), the objective function with the minimum running cost of the power distribution network is as follows:
wherein DeltaT is the unit time interval of the day-ahead optimal regulation stage, ρ G,t For the unit cost of the power exchange between the regional distribution network and the main network tie line at the moment t, ρ RE,i 、ρ CDG,i and ρESS,i The power price of the renewable energy source, the controllable distributed power source and the stored energy at the node i are respectively used for surfing the internet,for the controlled state of the load at node i at time t before day, 1 means controlled, 0 means uncontrolled, +.>For compensation of load at node i ρ T Adjusting cost, deltaU for unit gear of OLTC T Total daily adjustment quantity of OLTC gear, ρ C To compensate for the unit gear adjustment cost of the capacitor, deltaU C The total adjustment amount of the capacitor gear is compensated for all day;
wherein ,ψRE Representing a set of renewable energy nodes; psi phi type DG Representing a controllable distributed power node set; psi phi type IL Representing a set of interruptible load nodes; psi phi type ESS Representing a set of energy storage nodes;
in step 10), the power flow constraint is:
in the formula , andThe active power and the reactive power of the head end of the branch ij at the time t before the day are respectively +.> andActive power and reactive power net injection values of node j at time t before day, +.> andLoad active power and load reactive power of node j at time t before day respectively, +.>For the voltage amplitude value at the node j at the time t before the day, r ij and xij The resistance and reactance of the line ij, < >>The current on the branch ij at the time t before the day;
wherein , andThe active power and the reactive power of the head end of the branch jk at the time t before the day are respectively; andRespectively charging power and discharging power of the energy storage device at a node j at the time t before the day; andThe active power of renewable energy sources and controllable distributed power sources at the node j at the time t before the day;The controlled active power of the load at node j at time t;The reactive power of the static reactive power compensation device SVC, the energy storage reactive power output, the reactive power of the compensation capacitor, the reactive power of the renewable energy source and the reactive power of the controllable distributed power source at the node j at the time t before the day are respectively;Representing the voltage amplitude at node i at time t before day;
the operation safety constraint of the power distribution network is as follows:
2. The method for active and reactive coordination control of a power distribution network based on model predictive control according to claim 1, wherein in step 10), the active and reactive coordination output constraints of the distributed power source include an energy storage active and reactive output constraint, a renewable energy active and reactive output constraint and a controllable active and reactive output constraint of the distributed power source; wherein,
the energy storage active reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula ,the maximum apparent power that can be provided for the energy storage inverter at node i;
the energy storage active charge and discharge and the stored electric quantity need to follow the following constraint:
in the formula , andRespectively, the upper limit of charge and discharge power of energy storage on a node i at the moment t, < >> andRespectively the charge and discharge states of energy storage on the node i at the moment t are 0-1 variable, +.>For the total energy stored at node i of period t, eta ch 、η dis Charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage respectively, +.>Is the energy storage capacity limit;Representing the power of the energy storage active charge and discharge on the node i at the moment t;Representing the total energy stored at node i during the t+Δt period;
the renewable energy source active and reactive power output constraint comprises a photovoltaic active and reactive power output constraint and a wind power active and reactive power output constraint; wherein, photovoltaic active reactive power output constraint is:
in the formula , andActive and reactive output of photovoltaic at node i at time t before day, +.>The maximum apparent power of the photovoltaic inverter at the node i is set; andThe load active power and the load reactive power of the node i at the time t before the day are respectively;
the wind power active and reactive output constraint is as follows:
in the formula , andActive output and reactive output of wind power at node i at time t before day respectively, +.>The maximum current of the stator winding of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine is s is slip ratio and X of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine s,i and Xm,i Respectively being a stator reactance and an excitation reactance of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine at the node i, < + >>Maximum current for a rotor side converter of the doubly-fed induction wind turbine;
the controllable distributed power supply active and reactive output constraint is that of a miniature gas turbine; the active and reactive output constraint of the micro gas turbine is as follows:
in the formula , andThe active output and the reactive output of the micro gas turbine at the node i at the time t before the day are respectively, S MT,i For miniature gas turbines at node iIs a function of the installed capacity of the device;
for active output, there is a hill climbing rate constraint for a micro gas turbine:
3. The method for active and reactive coordination control of a power distribution network based on model predictive control as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 10), the flexible load constraint is an operational constraint of interruptible load, and the flexible load operational constraint is:
4. The method for active and reactive coordination regulation of a power distribution network based on model predictive control according to claim 1, wherein in step 10), reactive compensation equipment constraints include OLTC operation constraints, SVC operation constraints, and compensation capacitor operation constraints; wherein, OLTC operation constraints are:
in the formula , and Δkij Standard ratio and regulation step length of OLTC in branch ij, respectively, +.> andThe gear at the time t of the OLTC in the branch ij and the adjustable lower limit and the adjustable upper limit of the gear are respectively shown;
the SVC operation constraint is:
in the formula , andThe upper limit value and the lower limit value of SVC adjustable power are respectively;
the compensation capacitor operating constraints are:
5. The method for active and reactive coordination control of a power distribution network based on model predictive control according to claim 1, wherein in step 30), the prediction model of the limited period of the intra-day rolling correction phase is:
u=[P G ,P RE,i ,Q RE,i ,P CDG,i ,Q CDG,i ,P ch,i ,P dis,i ,Q ESS,i ,Q SVC,i ]
in the formula ,t0 The moment is the current moment, delta t is the single rolling correction phase in the dayThe bit time interval M is the total time period of the model solution of the daily rolling correction stage, u represents the controllable means in the active power distribution network of the feedback correction stage, and comprises the main network tie line exchange power P G Active power output P of renewable energy source RE,i Reactive power output Q of renewable energy RE,i Active power output P of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Reactive power Q of controllable distributed power supply CDG,i Energy storage active force P ch,i and Pdsi,i Energy storage reactive power output Q ESS,i SVC reactive power output Q SVC,I ,At t 0 T obtained by time prediction 0 The output value of each controllable means at +kDeltat,/->At t 0 The actual measurement feedback value of each controllable means at the moment, < >>At t 0 And predicting the moment to obtain the increment of each controllable means, and solving the variables for the optimization model.
6. The method for active and reactive coordination control of a power distribution network based on model predictive control according to claim 1, wherein in step 30), the active and reactive coordination optimization control model for a limited period of time in a daily rolling correction stage is:
minF DR (U DR )
in the formula ,UDR At t 0 ~t 0 A set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, F DR G is an objective function of the rolling correction stage model in the day DR The constraint condition of the phase model is corrected for daily rolling;
representing t 0 The controlled active power of the load at node i at time +kΔt;Representing the time t 0 The adjustable ratio of the on-load voltage regulator OLTC at the +kΔt moment branch ij;Representing the time t 0 Compensating the reactive power of the capacitor at the node i at the moment +kDeltat;
the objective function of the active and reactive coordination optimization model in the limited time period of the daily rolling correction stage is as follows:
min F DR =||(U DR -U DA )·U max || 1
in the formula ,UDA For the day t 0 ~t 0 Set of force values of each controllable means in +MDeltat time period, U max For the reciprocal of the maximum value of the output of each controllable means, the constraint conditions of the active-reactive coordination optimization model in the limited period of the rolling correction stage in the day are the same as the constraint conditions in the previous stage except that the constraint conditions do not contain flexible load operation constraint, OLTC operation constraint and compensation capacitor operation constraint;
wherein ,representing t 0 The force value of each controllable means at the moment +delta t;Representing t 0 The force value of each controllable means at +2Δt;Representing t 0 The force value of each controllable means at +MDeltat;
wherein ,representing the maximum value of the exchange power of the main network interconnecting line;
representing the maximum value of the active power of the controllable distributed power supply at the node i;
representing the maximum value of the reactive power output of the renewable energy source at the node i;
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