CN106786551B - Control method and system for load group participation scheduling facing power supply and demand balance - Google Patents

Control method and system for load group participation scheduling facing power supply and demand balance Download PDF

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CN106786551B
CN106786551B CN201710031397.4A CN201710031397A CN106786551B CN 106786551 B CN106786551 B CN 106786551B CN 201710031397 A CN201710031397 A CN 201710031397A CN 106786551 B CN106786551 B CN 106786551B
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load
power
state
scheme
max
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CN106786551A (en
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赵术敏
许�鹏
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Shenzhen Sunvou Electric Power Co ltd
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Shenzhen Sunvou Electric Power Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and a system for power supply and demand balance-oriented load group participation scheduling, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center sends a power adjusting instruction to the aggregator terminal; the aggregator terminal acquires the type, the quantity, the state and the controllable power of the current load and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity; the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme according to the power adjusting instruction, the load type, the number, the state and the controllable power; regulating and controlling the load according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and responding to the system power difference; calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority or not; and the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicts the maximum controllable capacity and feeds back the maximum controllable capacity to the scheduling center. The invention reduces the possibility of over-regulation or under-regulation in the regulation process and realizes accurate regulation.

Description

Control method and system for load group participation scheduling facing power supply and demand balance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of load regulation and control and power supply and demand balance application, in particular to a control method and a control system for power supply and demand balance-oriented load group participation scheduling.
Background
With the advance of smart grid construction and the development of demand response technology, more and more smart household appliance loads can participate in system response, and the conflict between supply and demand in peak-valley periods of a power system is coordinated through the smart household appliance load response, so that a feasible scheme is provided. However, the traditional response mode based on electricity price and the centralized DLC mode are limited by certain development.
In the double-layer scheduling model with the participation of the aggregator, the macro layer comprises a power grid scheduling center and the aggregator, the micro layer comprises the aggregator and the users, and the distributed DLC demand response mode of the aggregator greatly exerts the potential of the participation of the loads of the intelligent household appliances of the small users in response and improves the response enthusiasm of the users.
In the past regulation and control process, because the nature of the load is not clear, the aggregator lacks rationality on the regulation and control scheme, and damages the electricity utilization benefit to part of users. Therefore, how to optimally coordinate and consider the economical efficiency of meeting the power consumption demand and regulation of the user is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides a control method and a system for the participation of a load group in dispatching facing to the balance of power supply and demand.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control method for a load group participating scheduling facing power supply and demand balance, comprising the following steps:
step 1, when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center issues a power regulation instruction to the aggregator terminal;
step 2, the aggregator terminal acquires the type, the quantity, the state and the controllable power of the current load and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity;
step 3, the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme according to the power adjustment instruction, the load type, the load quantity, the load state and the controllable power;
step 4, regulating and controlling the load according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and responding to the power difference of the system;
step 5, calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority;
and 6, updating the load state, the quantity and the controllable power by the aggregator terminal according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicting the maximum controllable capacity and feeding back the predicted maximum controllable capacity to the scheduling center.
In the step 1, when the instantaneous or short-term power supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center needs to issue a reasonable power adjustment instruction delta P to the aggregator terminal according to the maximum controllable capacity predicted value P' fed back by the aggregator; generally, the command Δ P cannot exceed the maximum controllable capacity prediction value P'.
In step 2, the aggregator terminal needs to obtain the load category, the load number n, the load state θ, and the controllable power P of the load group under its own control, and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity PmaxThe specific steps for calculating the real-time maximum controllable capacity are as follows:
1) setting a load number i, wherein the initialization number i is 1;
2) if the load i is a fixed load, nfixedCounting and adding 1;
3) if the load i is a single-state controllable load, nsinCount plus 1, obtain State θsin(ii) a Wherein theta issinIs 0 denotes OFF, θ sin1 indicates on;
4) if i is a multi-state controllable load, nFSMCount plus 1, obtain State θFSMWherein theta FSM0, 1, 2 and 3 grades;
5)i＝i+1；
6) if the load i exists, returning to 2), otherwise, performing 7);
7) calculating the maximum controllable capacity:
maximum degradable capacity:
Figure GDA0002460291290000021
maximum capacity increase:
Figure GDA0002460291290000022
in step 3, the aggregator terminal adjusts the power adjustment command Δ P and the real-time maximum controllable capacity P of the scheduling centermaxReal-time single-state load maximum controllable capacity Pmax,sinAnd the maximum controllable capacity P of real-time multi-state loadmax,FSMComparing and judging, and adopting different schemes according to different conditions to seek the bidirectional optimization of the scheduling accuracy and the user power demand; a load participation scheduling plan scheme is formulated, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxThen single-state loading andthe multi-state load is completely responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator, otherwise, the following judgment is carried out;
2) scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation and control, performing up/down shift control on the multi-state electric appliance, otherwise, continuing to perform next judgment;
3) scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in the regulation and control in proportion, otherwise, the scheme A is executed;
in the scheme A, the regulation and control targets and the quantity are fixed, so that the scheme A does not participate in control optimization; the control optimization goal of scheme B and scheme C is to minimize the power difference matching error, i.e.:
wherein, the P degree is the actual regulation and control capacity of the aggregator terminal, Pi,FSMFor the ith multi-state load power adjustment, Pi,sinThe power of the ith single-state load is obtained, and the delta P is a power adjustment target value issued by a dispatching center; the control target and the constraint condition ensure the accuracy of power regulation, prevent overshoot or undershoot to a greater degree, and simultaneously take care of the power consumption requirement of a user.
And 4, performing direct load control on the load according to the scheme adopted in the step 3, responding to the power difference of the system, promoting short-term power supply and demand balance and enabling the power grid to stably operate.
In step 5, the aggregator terminal calculates the scheduling cost according to the implemented scheduling scheme, and compares economic advantages, specifically as follows:
scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxIf the single-state load and the multi-state load are all responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator; the cost is calculated as wA＝μ+Pmax·p+(ΔP-Pmax)θ；
Scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation, the multi-state electric appliance is subjected to up/down shift control; the cost is calculated as
Figure GDA0002460291290000031
Scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in regulation and control in proportion; the cost is calculated as
Figure GDA0002460291290000032
Generator output cost β ═ Δ P · θ;
wherein mu is the scheduling base cost, p is the controllable load unit power regulation cost, and theta is the unit power terminal regulation cost.
Wherein, the specific process of the step 6 is as follows:
step 61, the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power;
step 62, estimating the load group state and the short-term variation trend by utilizing Kalman filtering according to the load historical data, predicting the maximum controllable capacity P 'in the short term, and feeding back the predicted value P' of the maximum controllable capacity to a dispatching center;
and step 63, if the next scheduling plan needs to be participated in, returning to the step 61, otherwise, ending.
Wherein, the maximum controllable capacity P' is restricted in accuracy, and the control income of the aggregator terminal consists of two parts: w is aLAThe method comprises the steps of obtaining a target adjustment instruction by a scheduling center, wherein the target adjustment instruction is a power value of a aggregator terminal, the target adjustment instruction is a power value of the aggregator terminal, and the power value of the aggregator terminal is Pxp- (| P '-P |). times η, wherein P is the actual output adjustment capacity of the aggregator terminal, η is an error punishment cost, and P' is used for giving a reference of the target adjustment instruction to the scheduling.
Wherein, the excessive feedback value P' of the aggregator terminal causes the excessive error punishment cost; too small of P' results in less adjustment instructions being received, neither of which is beneficial to the aggregator terminal for increased revenue.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a control system for a load group participating in scheduling facing to power supply and demand balance, comprising a scheduling center and an aggregator terminal, wherein the scheduling center is connected with the aggregator terminal through wireless communication;
the system comprises a scheduling center, a supplier terminal and a supplier terminal, wherein the scheduling center comprises an instruction issuing module, a receiving module and a scheduling module, and the supplier terminal comprises an instruction acquiring module, a capacity calculating module, a scheme making module, a scheduling response module, a cost calculating module and a feedback module;
the system comprises a capacity calculating module, a scheme making module, a dispatching response module, a cost calculating module and a feedback module, wherein the command issuing module is connected with an instruction acquiring module, the acquiring module is connected with a receiving module sequentially through the capacity calculating module, the scheme making module, the dispatching response module, the cost calculating module and the feedback module, and the receiving module is connected with the dispatching module;
when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the instruction issuing module of the dispatching center issues a power adjusting instruction to the aggregator terminal; the method comprises the steps that an acquisition module of an aggregator terminal acquires the type, the number, the state and the controllable power of a current load, and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity through a capacity calculation module; the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme through a scheme formulation module according to the power adjustment instruction, the load type, the number, the state and the controllable power; a scheduling response module of the aggregator terminal regulates and controls the load and responds to the system power difference according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme; calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme through a cost calculating module, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority; the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicts the maximum controllable capacity and feeds the maximum controllable capacity back to the scheduling center through the feedback module; the dispatching center receives the information fed back to the dispatching center through the receiving module, and the dispatching module adjusts the power supply and demand balance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the control method and the system for the load group participation scheduling facing the power supply and demand balance mainly comprise a scheduling center and an aggregator terminal, wherein the scheduling center and the aggregator terminal can be upper computers, the aggregator terminal considers not only single-state controllable loads but also multi-state controllable loads, and preferentially performs up/down shift operation on the multi-state controllable loads under the condition that power adjustment indexes of the scheduling center can be met, so that the minimum power consumption requirement of a user is ensured. The power adjustment instruction is judged, different schemes are adopted according to different adjustment amounts, and the adjustment amount is planned according to the constraint condition of power shortage matching error minimization, so that the possibility of over-adjustment or under-adjustment in the adjustment process is reduced, and accurate adjustment is realized. The economic advantage of the scheme is that the scheme cost adopted for a certain regulation instruction is lower than the regulation cost completely from the machine end, the mode of completely depending on the machine end to regulate the supply and demand difference is effectively improved, and the economy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a control method for power supply and demand balance oriented load group participation scheduling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a working block diagram of a control system for power supply and demand balance oriented load group participation scheduling in the invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating specific steps of the control method for power supply and demand balance oriented load group participation scheduling according to the present invention.
The main element symbols are as follows:
1. dispatching center 2, aggregator terminal
11. Instruction issuing module 12 and receiving module
13. Scheduling module
21. Instruction acquisition module 22 and capacity calculation module
23. Scheme making module 24 and scheduling response module
25. A cost calculation module 26, a feedback module.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling participation in scheduling of a load group facing power supply and demand balance according to the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1, when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center issues a power adjustment instruction to the aggregator terminal;
step S2, the aggregator terminal obtains the type, quantity, state and controllable power of the current load, and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity;
step S3, the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme according to the power adjustment instruction, the load type, the quantity, the state and the controllable power;
step S4, according to the load participation scheduling plan, regulating and controlling the load, responding the system power difference;
step S5, calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority;
and step S6, the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicts the maximum controllable capacity and feeds back the maximum controllable capacity to the scheduling center.
In this embodiment, in step S1, when the power system has an instantaneous or short-term power supply and demand imbalance, the dispatching center needs to issue a reasonable power adjustment command Δ P to the aggregator terminal according to the maximum controllable capacity prediction value P' fed back by the aggregator; generally, the command Δ P cannot exceed the maximum controllable capacity prediction value P'.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the aggregator needs to obtain the load category, the load number n, the load state θ, and the controllable power P of the load group under its own control, and calculate the real-time maximum controllable capacity PmaxThe specific steps for calculating the real-time maximum controllable capacity are as follows:
1) setting a load number i, wherein the initialization number i is 1;
2) if the load i is a fixed load, nfixedCounting and adding 1;
3) if the load i is a single-state controllable load, nsinCount plus 1, obtain State θsin(ii) a Wherein theta issinIs 0 denotes OFF, θ sin1 indicates on;
4) if i is a multi-state controllable load, nFSMCount plus 1, obtain State θFSMWherein theta FSM0, 1, 2 and 3 grades;
5)i＝i+1；
6) if the load i exists, returning to 2), otherwise, performing 7);
7) calculating the maximum controllable capacity:
maximum degradable capacity:
Figure GDA0002460291290000071
maximum capacity increase:
Figure GDA0002460291290000072
in this embodiment, in step S3, the aggregator terminal sets the scheduling center power adjustment command Δ P and the real-time maximum controllable capacity PmaxReal-time single-state load maximum controllable capacity Pmax,sinAnd the maximum controllable capacity P of real-time multi-state loadmax,FSMComparing and judging, and adopting different schemes according to different conditions to seek the bidirectional optimization of the scheduling accuracy and the user power demand; a load participation scheduling plan scheme is formulated, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxIf the single-state load and the multi-state load are all responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator, otherwise, the following judgment is carried out;
2) scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation and control, performing up/down shift control on the multi-state electric appliance, otherwise, continuing to perform next judgment;
3) scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in the regulation and control in proportion, otherwise, the scheme A is executed;
in the scheme A, the regulation and control targets and the quantity are fixed, so that the scheme A does not participate in control optimization; the control optimization goal of scheme B and scheme C is to minimize the power difference matching error, i.e.:
scheme B:
Figure GDA0002460291290000073
scheme C:
Figure GDA0002460291290000074
Figure GDA0002460291290000075
wherein P degree is the actual regulation capacity of the aggregator terminal, Pi,FSMFor the ith multi-state load power adjustment, Pi,sinThe power of the ith single-state load is obtained, and the delta P is a power adjustment target value issued by a dispatching center; the control target and the constraint condition ensure the accuracy of power regulation, prevent overshoot or undershoot to a greater degree, and simultaneously take care of the power consumption requirement of a user.
In this embodiment, step S4 is to perform direct load control on the load according to the scheme adopted in step S3, so as to respond to the power difference of the system, promote short-term power supply and demand balance, and make the power grid operate stably.
In this embodiment, in step S5, the aggregator calculates the scheduling cost according to the implemented scheduling scheme, and compares the economic advantages as follows:
scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxIf the single-state load and the multi-state load are all responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator; the cost is calculated as wA＝μ+Pmax·p+(ΔP-Pmax)θ；
Scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation, the multi-state electric appliance is subjected to up/down shift control; the cost is calculated as
Figure GDA0002460291290000081
Scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in regulation and control in proportion; the cost is calculated as
Figure GDA0002460291290000082
The generator output cost β is delta P theta, mu is the scheduling base cost, P is the controllable load unit power adjustment cost, and theta is the unit power terminal adjustment cost.
In this embodiment, the specific process of step S6 is:
firstly, an aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power;
secondly, estimating the state and the short-term variation trend of the load group by utilizing Kalman filtering according to the load historical data, predicting the maximum controllable capacity P 'in the short term, and feeding back the predicted value P' of the maximum controllable capacity to a dispatching center;
and thirdly, if the user needs to participate in the next scheduling plan, returning to the step S61, and otherwise, ending the process.
The maximum controllable capacity P' is restricted in accuracy, and the control income of the aggregator terminal consists of two parts: w is aLAThe method comprises the steps of determining a feedback value P ' of a terminal of a aggregator, wherein the feedback value P ' is a target adjustment instruction, and the feedback value P ' is a feedback value P.P- (| P ' -P |). times η, wherein P is the actual output adjustment capacity of the aggregator terminal, η is an error punishment cost, and P ' is used for giving a reference of a target adjustment instruction to a scheduling center and simultaneously restricting the prediction accuracy of the aggregator terminal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a control system for a load group participating in scheduling facing to power supply and demand balance, including a scheduling center 1 and an aggregator terminal 2, where the scheduling center 1 is connected with the aggregator terminal 2 through wireless communication;
the dispatching center 1 comprises an instruction issuing module 11, a receiving module 12 and a dispatching module 13, and the aggregator terminal 2 comprises an instruction acquiring module 21, a capacity calculating module 22, a scheme making module 23, a dispatching response module 24, a cost calculating module 25 and a feedback module 26;
the system comprises a capacity calculating module, a scheme making module, a dispatching response module, a cost calculating module and a feedback module, wherein the command issuing module is connected with an instruction acquiring module, the acquiring module is connected with a receiving module sequentially through the capacity calculating module, the scheme making module, the dispatching response module, the cost calculating module and the feedback module, and the receiving module is connected with the dispatching module;
when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the instruction issuing module of the dispatching center issues a power adjusting instruction to the aggregator terminal; the method comprises the steps that an acquisition module of an aggregator terminal acquires the type, the number, the state and the controllable power of a current load, and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity through a capacity calculation module; the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme through a scheme formulation module according to the power adjustment instruction, the load type, the number, the state and the controllable power; a scheduling response module of the aggregator terminal regulates and controls the load and responds to the system power difference according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme; calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme through a cost calculating module, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority; the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicts the maximum controllable capacity and feeds the maximum controllable capacity back to the scheduling center through the feedback module; the dispatching center receives the information fed back to the dispatching center through the receiving module, and the dispatching module adjusts the power supply and demand balance.
Compared with the prior art, the control method and the system for the load group participation scheduling facing the power supply and demand balance mainly comprise the scheduling center and the aggregator terminal, wherein both the scheduling center and the aggregator terminal can be upper computers, the aggregator terminal considers the single-state controllable load and the multi-state controllable load, and preferentially performs up/down shift operation on the multi-state controllable load under the condition that the power adjustment index of the scheduling center can be met, so that the minimum power demand of a user is ensured. The power adjustment instruction is judged, different schemes are adopted according to different adjustment amounts, and the adjustment amount is planned according to the constraint condition of power shortage matching error minimization, so that the possibility of over-adjustment or under-adjustment in the adjustment process is reduced, and accurate adjustment is realized. The economic advantage of the scheme is that the scheme cost adopted for a certain regulation instruction is lower than the regulation cost completely from the machine end, the mode of completely depending on the machine end to regulate the supply and demand difference is effectively improved, and the economy is improved.
The invention provides an economic coordination control method for load group participation scheduling facing power supply and demand balance, which comprises the following specific application operation processes: short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, and a power difference occurs; the dispatching center sends a power adjusting instruction to the aggregator terminal; the aggregator terminal acquires the type, the quantity, the state and the controllable power of the current load and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity; judging whether the instruction exceeds the maximum controllable capacity, if so, executing a scheme A, wherein the scheme A refers to control for all single-state loads and multi-state loads, and the output of the generator is adjusted; if not, judging whether the instruction exceeds the maximum multi-state load controllable capacity or not; if so, judging whether the instruction exceeds the sum of the maximum single-state controllable capacity and the maximum multi-state controllable capacity; if not, judging whether the regulation constraint condition is met or not after the multi-state load ascending/descending of the scheme B is carried out, and if so, carrying out the scheme A; if not, adjusting the control operation; if the instruction exceeds the sum of the maximum single-state and multi-state controllable capacities, carrying out a scheme A; if the instruction does not exceed the sum of the maximum single-state and multi-state controllable capacities, carrying out a scheme C, carrying out proportional regulation on the single-state and multi-state loads, judging whether regulation constraint conditions are met, and if so, carrying out a scheme A; if not, adjusting the control operation; after executing the scheme A, regulating and controlling the cost in the scheme; comparing the regulation cost in the scheme with the output regulation cost of the generator; after the comparison is finished, the load state, the quantity, the controllable time and the maximum controllable power are updated, whether the next scheduling plan is participated is judged, and if not, the operation is finished; and if so, returning to the step that the aggregator terminal acquires the type, the number, the state and the controllable power of the current load and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A control method for participation of a load group in scheduling for power supply and demand balance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, when the short-term supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center issues a power regulation instruction to the aggregator terminal;
step 2, the aggregator terminal acquires the type, the quantity, the state and the controllable power of the current load and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity;
step 3, the aggregator terminal formulates a load participation scheduling plan scheme according to the power adjustment instruction, the load type, the load quantity, the load state and the controllable power;
step 4, regulating and controlling the load according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and responding to the power difference of the system;
step 5, calculating the cost of the load participation scheduling plan scheme, and judging whether the scheme has economic superiority;
step 6, the aggregator terminal updates the load state, the quantity and the controllable power according to the load participation scheduling plan scheme, predicts the maximum controllable capacity and feeds back the maximum controllable capacity to the scheduling center;
in the step 1, when the instantaneous or short-term power supply and demand imbalance occurs in the power system, the dispatching center needs to issue a reasonable power adjustment instruction delta P to the aggregator terminal according to the maximum controllable capacity predicted value P' fed back by the aggregator; the command delta P cannot exceed the maximum controllable capacity prediction value P';
in the step 2, the aggregator terminal needs to acquire the load type, the load number n, the load state θ and the controllable power P of the load group under the control of the aggregator terminal, and calculates the real-time maximum controllable capacity PmaxThe specific steps for calculating the real-time maximum controllable capacity are as follows:
1) setting a load number i, wherein the initialization number i is 1;
2) if the load i is a fixed load, nfixedCounting and adding 1;
3) if the load i is a single-state controllable load, nsinCount plus 1, obtain State θsin(ii) a Wherein theta issinIs 0 denotes OFF, θsin1 indicates on;
4) if i is a multi-state controllable load, nFSMCount plus 1, obtain State θFSMWherein thetaFSM0, 1, 2 and 3 grades;
5)i＝i+1；
6) if the load i exists, returning to 2), otherwise, performing 7);
7) calculating the maximum controllable capacity:
maximum degradable capacity:
Figure FDA0002460291280000011
maximum capacity increase:
Figure FDA0002460291280000021
2. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the aggregator terminal adjusts the power of the dispatching center by Δ P and the real-time maximum controllable capacity PmaxReal-time single-state load maximum controllable capacity Pmax,sinAnd the maximum controllable capacity P of real-time multi-state loadmax,FSMComparing and judging, and adopting different schemes according to different conditions to seek the bidirectional optimization of the scheduling accuracy and the user power demand; a load participation scheduling plan scheme is formulated, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxIf the single-state load and the multi-state load are all responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator, otherwise, the following judgment is carried out;
2) scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation and control, performing up/down shift control on the multi-state electric appliance, otherwise, continuing to perform next judgment;
3) scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in the regulation and control in proportion, otherwise, the scheme A is executed;
in the scheme A, the regulation and control targets and the quantity are fixed, so that the scheme A does not participate in control optimization; the control optimization goal of scheme B and scheme C is to minimize the power difference matching error, i.e.:
scheme B:
Figure FDA0002460291280000022
scheme C:
Figure FDA0002460291280000023
Figure FDA0002460291280000024
wherein, the P degree is the actual regulation and control capacity of the aggregator terminal, Pi,FSMFor the ith multi-state load power adjustment, Pi,sinAnd the power of the ith single-state load is delta P, and the power adjustment target value is given by the dispatching center.
3. The method for controlling participation in dispatching of load groups for power supply and demand balance according to claim 2, wherein the step 4 is to perform direct load control on the loads according to the scheme adopted in the step 3, so as to respond to the power difference of the system and promote the short-term power supply and demand balance to enable the power grid to operate stably.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the aggregator terminal calculates the scheduling cost according to the implemented scheduling scheme, and compares the economic advantages with each other, specifically as follows:
scheme A: if Δ P > PmaxIf the single-state load and the multi-state load are all responded, the residual power difference is supplemented by the output of the generator; the cost is calculated as wA＝μ+Pmax·p+(ΔP-Pmax)θ；
Scheme B: if Δ P < Pmax,FSMIf the single-state load does not participate in regulation, the multi-state electric appliance is subjected to up/down shift control; the cost is calculated as
Figure FDA0002460291280000031
Scheme C: if Δ P < Pmax,FSM+Pmax,sinIf so, the single-state load and the multi-state load simultaneously participate in regulation and control in proportion; the cost is calculated as
Figure FDA0002460291280000032
Generator output cost β ═ Δ P · θ;
wherein mu is the scheduling base cost, p is the controllable load unit power regulation cost, and theta is the unit power terminal regulation cost.
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