The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of overvoltage crowbar.Aim to solve the problem that using the protection electricity of discrete component design
Circuit node is more, power consumption is big, baroque problem.Circuit input and output power supply ripple, input voltage protection that the present invention is provided
Index can meet demand.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of overvoltage crowbar, it is connected on power supply supply access, including is connected to power input and for dropping
First filter circuit of low input power ripple and noise, it is connected to output end and for reducing out-put supply ripple and noise
Second filter circuit, the overvoltage being connected between the first filter circuit and the second filter circuit and for overvoltage protection control electricity
Road and it is connected and for controlling the on-off circuit of output voltage state during circuit normal work with overvoltage control circuit;It is described
The first end connection power input of the first filter circuit, the second end connection overvoltage control electricity of first filter circuit
The first end on road;Second end of the overvoltage control circuit connects the first end of second filter circuit, the overvoltage control
The first end of on-off circuit described in the three-terminal link of circuit;The second end ground connection of the on-off circuit;Second filtered electrical
The second end connection power output end on road.
Specifically, first filter circuit includes the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the 3rd electric capacity, and first resistor;Institute
The first end for stating the first electric capacity connects the power input, the second end ground connection;The first end connection of second electric capacity is described
Power input, its second end ground connection;The first end of the first resistor connects the power input, and the connection of the second end is described
The first end of the 3rd electric capacity;The second end ground connection of the 3rd electric capacity.First filter circuit is used to reduce input power
Ripple and noise jamming, strengthen the glitch ability of input power.
Specifically, the overvoltage control circuit includes:For cutting off the cut-off module of voltage output in overtension, using
Clamper module in clamper input voltage, for slowing down current transients and reducing PMOS (Positive channel Metal
Oxide Semiconductor, P-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor) source electrode, drain electrode conducting when output current RC network, with
And be connected with the on-off circuit and for the adjusting module of upper pull-up voltage.
Preferably, the cut-off module includes:PMOS for cutting off voltage output in overtension, and connection
The PNP triode of gate pmos pole tension is drawn high during between the PMOS source electrode and grid and in overtension;Institute
The source electrode for stating PMOS is the first end of the overvoltage control circuit, the second end of its connection first filter circuit;It is described
The drain electrode of PMOS is the second end of the overvoltage control circuit, the first end of its connection second filter circuit;It is described
The grid of PMOS connects the colelctor electrode of the PNP triode;The base stage of the PNP triode is connected to through the clamper module
Second end of first filter circuit;The emitter stage of the PNP triode connects the source electrode of the PMOS;The PNP tri-
Pole pipe draws high the gate pmos pole tension when input voltage is too high, so that PMOS is cut in the overtension of input power
Only, so that the safety of proof load equipment.
Preferably, the clamper module is connected between the PNP triode base stage and first filter circuit, its bag
Include 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance and voltage-regulator diode;The first end of the 4th resistance connects the of first filter circuit
Two ends, the second end of the 4th resistance connects the first end of the 3rd resistor;The second end connection institute of the 3rd resistor
State the base stage of PNP triode;The first end of the voltage-regulator diode connects the second end of the 4th resistance, the pole of the voltage stabilizing two
Second end of pipe is connected to the grid of the PMOS by the adjusting module.
Preferably, the RC network is connected between the PMOS source electrode and grid, and it includes second resistance and the 4th
Electric capacity;The first end of the second resistance connects the source electrode of PMOS, and the second end of the second resistance connects the grid of PMOS
Pole;4th electric capacity is parallel to the second resistance two ends, and the first end of the 4th electric capacity connects the source electrode of PMOS, its
Second end connects the grid of PMOS.
Preferably, the adjusting module includes being connected to the electric for drawing high the PMOS grid of the PMOS grid
5th resistance of pressure;The first end of the 5th resistance connects the grid of the PMOS;Second end of the 5th resistance is
3rd end of the overvoltage control circuit, the first end of its connection on-off circuit.
Specifically, second filter circuit includes the 5th electric capacity, the 6th electric capacity, the 7th electric capacity;5th electric capacity
Second end of the first end connection overvoltage control circuit, the second end ground connection;The first end of the 6th electric capacity connects the mistake
Second end of voltage-controlled circuit processed, the second end ground connection;7th electric capacity is polar capacitor, its positive pole connection overvoltage control electricity
Second end on road, negative pole ground connection.
Specifically, the on-off circuit includes being used in circuit normal work, and the switch of controlled output terminal voltage is described
3rd end of the first end connection overvoltage control circuit of switch, the second end ground connection.
Preferably, the switch is button switch or knife switch.The on-off circuit and the overvoltage control circuit the
Three-terminal link, during circuit normal work, closure switch cause that PMOS is turned on, and cause that PMOS is ended when disconnecting switch.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
In overvoltage crowbar of the invention, the state of output voltage during using on-off circuit control circuit normal work,
When the switch is closed, overvoltage crowbar normal work, the voltage that it ensure that power output end is no more than default voltage
Value, so as to ensure to be connected on the load normal work of power output end;When the switches are opened, PMOS is cut-off state, so that
The voltage output for obtaining output end is essentially 0.The present invention is protected using the load that overvoltage control circuit is docked at power output end
Shield, when input voltage is too high, it is cut-off state that the overvoltage controls the p-type PMOS of circuit so that when overtension, electricity
The output of pressure is almost 0, hereby it is ensured that the safety of load equipment, protection device is without prejudice.In addition, present invention also offers two
Individual filter circuit, its ripple and noise that can reduce input power, out-put supply.In the present invention, overvoltage control circuit is used
Power circuit is protected, circuit cost is low, simple for structure, workable.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and these will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by practice of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
It is exemplary to scheme the embodiment of description, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 1, the overvoltage crowbar is used for power supply supply access
On, protect the load of power output end, it is ensured that its normal work.
The overvoltage crowbar includes being connected to power input and for reducing input power ripple and noise the
One filter circuit 200, be connected to output end and for reduce out-put supply ripple and noise the second filter circuit 300, connection
Between the first filter circuit 200 and the second filter circuit 300 and for the overvoltage control circuit 100, Yi Jiyu of overvoltage protection
Overvoltage control circuit 100 is connected and for controlling the on-off circuit 400 of output voltage state during circuit normal work.
Wherein, the first end connection power input of first filter circuit 200, first filter circuit 200
The first end of the second end connection overvoltage control circuit 100.The second end connection described second of the overvoltage control circuit 100
The first end of filter circuit 300, the first end of on-off circuit 400 described in the three-terminal link of the overvoltage control circuit 100.Institute
State the second end ground connection of on-off circuit 400.The second end connection power output end of second filter circuit 300.Using this
During the overvoltage crowbar of invention, power supply is accessed in power input, accessed in power output end and loaded, due to guarantor of the invention
Shield is acted on so that output voltage is always worked in below preset voltage value, so as to ensure that the load for being connected to power output end sets
Standby normal work.
Preferably, the present invention is applied in the electronic equipment using DC voltage.
First filter circuit 200 is used to reduce the ripple and noise jamming of input power, strengthens the wink of input power
State interference performance, accesses three filter capacitors and is conducive to further being filtered input signal, so as to reduce defeated in input
Enter the ripple and noise jamming of power supply.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 2 first filter circuit 200 includes the first electricity
Hold C1, the second electric capacity C2, the 3rd electric capacity C3, and first resistor R1;The first end of the first electric capacity C1 connects the power supply
Input, the second end ground connection;The first end of the second electric capacity C2 connects the power input, its second end ground connection;It is described
The first end of first resistor R1 connects the power input, and the second end connects the first end of the 3rd electric capacity C3;Described
The second end ground connection of three electric capacity C3.
Specifically, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, the overvoltage control circuit includes:For
The cut-off module 101 of voltage output, the clamper module 102 for clamper input voltage are cut off during overtension, for slowing down electricity
Flow the RC network 103 of transition and be connected with the on-off circuit and for drawing high-tension adjusting module 104.
Described cut-off module 101 includes:PMOS VM1, Yi Jilian for cutting off voltage output in overtension
It is connected between the PMOS VM1 source electrodes and grid and for drawing high PMOS VM1 grid voltages when input voltage is too high
PNP triode VT1.
The source electrode of the PMOS VM1 is the first end of the overvoltage control circuit, and it is connected to first filtered electrical
Second end on road 200;The drain electrode of the PMOS VM1 is the second end of the overvoltage control circuit, and it is connected to described second
The first end of filter circuit 300;The grid of the PMOS VM1 connects the colelctor electrode of the PNP triode VT1.
The base stage of the PNP triode VT1 is connected to the second end of first filter circuit 200 through clamper module 102;
The emitter stage of the PNP triode VT1 connects the source electrode of the PMOS VM1, so that the PNP triode VT1 is in voltage mistake
The PMOS VM1 grid voltages are drawn high when high, and then causes that PMOS VM1 ends in the overtension of input power, from
And the safety of proof load equipment.
Preferably, the PMOS VM1 is switching transistor, and the switching transistor is P-type mos
PMOS VM1.The overvoltage controls circuit 100 according to the state of the voltage controlled output voltage of the power input, when defeated
Enter terminal voltage it is too high when, PMOS VM1 cut-offs access the safety of load so as to reach protection output end.
Preferably, PNP triode VT1 is p-type PNP type triode, and it can draw high described when input power is too high
PMOS VM1 grid voltages, so that PMOS VM1 ends in overtension, and then protect the safety of load equipment.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the present of invention, the clamper module 102 is connected to the PNP triode VT1 base stages
Between first filter circuit 200, it includes 3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4 and voltage-regulator diode D1.
The first end of the 4th resistance R4 connects the second end of first filter circuit 200, the 4th resistance R4
The second end connect the first end of the 3rd resistor R3;Second end of the 3rd resistor R3 connects the PNP triode VT1
Base stage;The first end of the voltage-regulator diode D1 connects second end of the 4th resistance R4, the voltage-regulator diode D1's
Second end is connected to the grid of the PMOS VM1 by the adjusting module 104.The invention voltage-regulator diode D1 is in input
During overtension, the voltage clamping of 3rd resistor R3 and the 4th resistance R4 junctions can be made in a fixed value.Wherein, it is described
3rd resistor R3 can limit the electric current for flowing into voltage-regulator diode D1, to reach protection voltage-regulator diode D1 purposes.In this implementation
In example, the on off state of overvoltage control circuit 100 is controlled by the voltage of power input, when the voltage of power input is more than steady
During the clamp voltage of pressure diode D1, it is off-state that overvoltage controls the state of circuit 100;When the voltage of power input is less than
During the clamp voltage of voltage-regulator diode D1, it is closure state that overvoltage controls the state of circuit 100.
The state of the size influence PNP triode VT1 of the 4th resistance R4, when the 4th resistance R4 is excessive, PNP triode
VT1 will be closed all the time.Usually, the size of the 4th resistance R4 is not more than 10K Ω.And the resistance of 3rd resistor R3 is not
Can be excessive, crossing senior general causes the PNP triode VT1 to be constantly in closed mode, when input voltage is abnormal, PNP triode VT1 without
Method is opened, and then cannot realize the function of protection.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the resistance of the 4th resistance R4 is 4.7K Ω, plays metering function protection
The resistance of voltage-regulator diode D1,3rd resistor R3 is 1K ohm, and the resistance of second resistance R2 is 100K Ω.
In another embodiment, the clamped magnitude of voltage of voltage-regulator diode D1 is 5.1V, can be changed according to demand
Become the parameter of voltage-regulator diode D1, to realize the overvoltage protection of different voltages.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, the RC network 103 be connected to the PMOS VM1 source electrodes and
Between grid, it includes second resistance R2 and the 4th electric capacity C4.The source of the first end connection PMOS VM1 of the second resistance R2
Pole, second end of the second resistance R2 connects the grid of PMOS VM1;The 4th electric capacity R4 is parallel to the second resistance
R2 two ends, the source electrode of the first end connection PMOS VM1 of the 4th electric capacity C4, its second end connects the grid of PMOS VM1.
The present invention makes the first terminal voltage of overvoltage control circuit 100 slowly varying.During normal work, due to the cushioning effect of RC network,
When on-off circuit 400 is disconnected, the grid voltage of PMOS VM1 can slowly increase, and reach the purpose of protection PMOS VM1, separately
Outward, the output current when RC network 103 can also reduce PMOS VM1 source electrodes, drain electrode conducting.The resistance of second resistance R2 can not
Too small, in another embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the second resistance R2 is 100K Ω.
Specifically, the adjusting module 104 include be connected to the PMOS VM1 grids for drawing high the PMOS
5th resistance R5 of grid VM1 voltages.The first end of the 5th resistance R5 connects the grid of the PMOS VM1;Described
Second end of five resistance R5 is the 3rd end of the overvoltage control circuit 100, the first end of its connection on-off circuit 400.
The 5th resistance R5 is placed between PMOS VM1 grids and on-off circuit 400, for drawing high PMOS VM1 grid
Voltage at pole.In an embodiment of the invention, the threshold voltage scope of PMOS VM1 conductings is -1.25V~-0.75V,
When input voltage is more than the burning voltage of voltage-regulator diode D1, PNP triode VT1 conductings so that PMOS VM1 source electrodes and grid
Pressure difference between pole diminishes, and does not reach the threshold voltage of PMOS VM1 conductings, so PMOS VM1 is not turned on, with reference to the 5th electricity
The pull-up effect of R5, PMOS VM1 cut-offs are hindered, and then cuts off output voltage, reach the purpose of protection backend load equipment.It is preferred that
Ground, the size of the 5th resistance R5 is not less than 1K Ω, it is preferable that R5 resistances are 1K Ω.As shown in figure 4, second filter circuit
300, can the larger ripple and noise for improving output voltage, it includes the 5th electric capacity C5 parallel with one another, the 6th electric capacity C6 and the
Seven electric capacity C7.Specifically, the second end of the first end connection of the 5th electric capacity C5 overvoltage control circuit 100, the second end
Ground connection;Second end of the first end connection overvoltage control circuit 100 of the 6th electric capacity C6, the second end ground connection.Described
Seven electric capacity C7 are polar capacitor, the second end of its positive pole connection overvoltage control circuit 100, negative pole ground connection.
Specifically, as shown in figure 5, the on-off circuit 400 is used in circuit normal work, it includes control output end
3rd end of the first end connection overvoltage control circuit 100 of the button switch S1, the button switch S1 of voltage, the second termination
Ground.When button switch S1 is closed, output voltage can be obtained in the power output end;When button switch S1 disconnects, PMOS
Pipe VM1 ends and cuts off output.
In another embodiment, the switch S1 is knife switch.
The above is only some embodiments of the invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.