CN106785879B - A kind of device and its operating method increasing chemical laser population inversion - Google Patents

A kind of device and its operating method increasing chemical laser population inversion Download PDF

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CN106785879B
CN106785879B CN201510812304.2A CN201510812304A CN106785879B CN 106785879 B CN106785879 B CN 106785879B CN 201510812304 A CN201510812304 A CN 201510812304A CN 106785879 B CN106785879 B CN 106785879B
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optical cavity
laser
continuous wave
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mirror
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CN106785879A (en
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汪涛
肖春雷
孙志刚
张东辉
杨学明
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/14Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
    • H01S3/22Gases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/101Lasers provided with means to change the location from which, or the direction in which, laser radiation is emitted

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of device and its operating method for increasing chemical laser population inversion.This method is using a branch of continuous wave infrared laser as induction optical coupling entering light chamber, the specific rotation quantum state that vibrational quantum number in hydrogen fluoride chemical Laser System is v=1 is induced on the rotation quantum state of vibration number v=0, to increase the population inversion between the specific rotating state on vibrational quantum number v=2 in specific rotating state and vibrational quantum number v=1, to enhance laser output energy.The method also can operate with other chemical laser systems in principle.

Description

A kind of device and its operating method increasing chemical laser population inversion
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of increase hydrogen fluoride or the methods of other chemical laser population inversion, belong to laser technology neck Domain.
Background technique
Chemical laser is to generate the population inversion of gain media by heat-producing chemical reaction and obtain in oscillation chamber The device of laser.Continuous wave (Continuous is successfully demonstrated for the first time from American scientist D.J.Spencer in 1969 et al. Wave, CW) fluorination deuterium, hydrogen fluoride (Fluoride Deuterium/Fluoride Hydrogen, DF/HF) chemical laser with Come, CW DF/HF chemical laser is just with its distinctive advantage, and such as continuous light power is high, engineering amplification performance is good, does not need Additional power source, DF laser wavelength there is good characteristics of atmospheric transmission, general frequency HF laser has short wavelength's feature etc., always times It is concerned, it is developed rapidly in twentieth century the seventies and eighties.
The research of CW DF/HF chemical laser is taken to from eighties of last century the seventies in China.Successively succeed in developing electricity Arc hot type, burn driving CW DF/HF chemical laser and general frequency CW HF chemical laser.By more than 30 years exert Power, output power significantly improve, and beam quality has obtained apparent improvement.Currently, researcher is still continuously improving its Performance.
Practical Combustion Driven CW DF/HF chemical laser is exactly that will contain fluorine oxidiser and the mixed firinor fuel burning of hydrogeneous or deuterium fuel, High temperature caused by burning makes oxidant decomposite F atom, and F atom quickly flows the D with jet pipe injection through supersonic speed2Or H2Reaction The DF (v) or HF (v) for generating vibration excited state generate laser.
Laser is mainly made of 4 parts: combustion chamber, nozzle component, optical resonator and Pressure Recovery System.Burning Room, also referred to as F atom generator, purposes are that pumping reaction for optical cavity provides enough F atoms.Jet pipe plays in the laser Important role, it has significant effect the performance of laser.To guarantee that laser effectively operates, it is necessary to lasing substance be made to exist Quickly through realized while optical cavity fuel with oxidant is effective and thorough mixes, therefore mixed performance is that Nozzle Design needs emphasis to examine The factor of worry.Optical resonator abbreviation optical cavity is that the mixture reaction that jet pipe comes out generates the device of laser.Pressure Recovery System Behind optical cavity, the supersonic speed from optical cavity, low-pressure air current are reverted to low speed, high pressure draught by it, with external air pressure Matching.
In the past in order to which that improves HF/DF chemical laser goes out light energy, many researchers are in F atom generator, combustion chamber, Many work are done in nozzle component design, since wherein reaction temperature, flow velocity, the several factors such as various mixing ratios can all influence Gain number of particles is an extremely complex process, needs to grope by constantly testing.The present invention uses a kind of direct light Method come increase chemical reaction after hydrogen fluoride product population inversion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is using a branch of continuous wave infrared laser as induction optical coupling entering light chamber, by hydrogen fluoride chemical Laser System In vibrational quantum number be v=1 specific rotation quantum state be induced on the rotation quantum state of vibration number v=0, with increase vibration The population inversion between specific rotating state on quantum number v=2 in specific rotating state and vibrational quantum number v=1 is swashed with enhancing Light output energy.
The device provided by the invention for increasing chemical laser population inversion includes: in the light path system of device
Tunable continuous wave light source 1, continuous wave induced laser 2, electrooptic modulator 3, reflection of polarization prism 4, a quarter Wave plate 5, end mirror 6 after optical cavity, optical cavity 7, optical cavity outer wall 8, output coupling mirror 9, output light 10, closed-loop control system 11, photoelectricity are visited Survey device 12, rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 and pressure recovery device interface 14;
Tunable continuous wave light source 1, electrooptic modulator 3, reflection of polarization prism 4, quarter-wave plate 5, rear end mirror piezoelectricity Ceramics 13, end mirror 6 after optical cavity, optical cavity 7, output coupling mirror 9 are sequentially connected, and optical cavity outer wall 8 is enclosed in outside optical cavity 7;Photodetection Device 12 connects reflection of polarization prism 4;Closed-loop control system 11 connects tunable continuous wave light source 1, electrooptic modulator 3, and photoelectricity is visited Survey device 12;End mirror 6 and pressure recovery device interface 14 are on optical cavity outer wall 8 after optical cavity;
Tunable continuous wave light source 1 is that can generate the company of 2.6~4.0 μm of continuously adjustables within the scope of HF/DF chemical laser Continuous wave laser, for the HF/DF molecule in lower vibration level to be induced to more low vibration energy level;Continuous wave induced laser 2 For the HF/DF molecule in lower vibration level to be induced to more low vibration energy level, its wavelength and the spontaneous radiation of HF molecule Downward transition matches;Electrooptic modulator 3 is used for for changing the phase and frequency of continuous wave induced laser 2 by induced laser coupling Close theory of evolution laser optical cavity 7;Reflection of polarization prism 4 can completely through P light fully reflective S light;Quarter-wave plate 5 is used for Change the polarization of laser, the angle at 45 ° of continuous wave induced laser 2 of fast axle and linear polarization;End mirror 6 is plano-concave mirror, arc after optical cavity Degree is able to satisfy realization stable cavity, to HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6~4.0 μm) high reflection (reflectivity > 99.9%);Light Chamber 7 is the stable cavity being made of end mirror 6 after optical cavity and output coupling mirror 9;Optical cavity outer wall 8 is cavity made of metal, upper end Nozzle is connected, lower end connects pressure recovery device;Output coupling mirror 9 is plano-concave mirror, and radian is able to satisfy realization stable cavity, to HF/ DF chemical laser range (2.6~4.0 μm) high reflection (reflectivity > 99%), reflectivity are less than end mirror 6 after optical cavity;Output Light 10 is the chemical laser finally exported by optical cavity;Closed-loop control system 11 is by signal generator, central computer, data acquisition The system for blocking composition, with tunable continuous wave light source 1, electrooptic modulator 3, photodetector 12, rear 13 phase of end mirror piezoelectric ceramics Connection;According to from the reflected light signal that photodetector 12 detects come the voltage on end mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 after adjusting to change The length of darkening chamber 7 is directly changed the output wavelength of tunable continuous wave light source 1 to make continuous wave induced laser 2 can be with coupling Close entering light chamber 7;Photodetector 12 be to the photodetector that (2.6~4.0 μm) can respond within the scope of HF/DF chemical laser, Light intensity signal is switched into voltage value;End mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 is the device for loading end mirror 6 after optical cavity afterwards, can be according to input Voltage changes length, to control the distance between end mirror 6 and output coupling mirror 9 after optical cavity to change the length of optical cavity 7;Pressure Power recovery device interface 14 with pressure recovery device for being connected, the H that will have been used2, the extraction of the gases such as F, He;
The operating method of the device of the increase chemical laser population inversion, it is characterised in that: with a branch of continuous wave Infrared laser is as induction optical coupling entering light chamber, by specific turn that the vibrational quantum number in hydrogen fluoride chemical Laser System is v=1 Dynamic quantum state is induced on the rotation quantum state of vibration number v=0, to increase specific rotating state and vibration on vibrational quantum number v=2 The population inversion between specific rotating state on quantum number v=1.
Tunable continuous wave light source 1: the company of (2.6~4.0 μm) continuously adjustable can be generated within the scope of HF/DF chemical laser Continuous wave laser, for the HF/DF molecule in lower vibration level to be induced to more low vibration energy level;
Continuous wave induced laser 2: for the HF/DF molecule in lower vibration level to be induced to more low vibration energy level, Its wavelength matches with the downward transition of HF molecule spontaneous radiation;
Electrooptic modulator 3: it is used to induced laser coupling evolution for changing the phase and frequency of continuous wave induced laser 2 Learn laser optical cavity 7;
Reflection of polarization prism 4: can completely through P light fully reflective S light;
Quarter-wave plate 5: for changing the polarization of laser, the continuous wave induced laser 2 of fast axle and linear polarization is at 45 ° Angle;
End mirror 6 after optical cavity: plano-concave mirror, radian are able to satisfy realization stable cavity, to HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6~4.0 μ M) high reflection (reflectivity > 99.9%);
Optical cavity 7: the stable cavity being made of end mirror 6 after optical cavity and output coupling mirror 9;
Optical cavity outer wall 8: cavity made of metal, upper end connect nozzle, and lower end connects pressure recovery device;
Output coupling mirror 9: plano-concave mirror, radian are able to satisfy realization stable cavity, to HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6~4.0 μ M) high reflection (reflectivity > 99%), reflectivity are less than end mirror 6 after optical cavity;
Output light 10: the chemical laser finally exported by optical cavity;
Closed-loop control system 11: by signal generator, central computer, the system of the components such as data collecting card composition and can Tuning continuous wave light source 1, electrooptic modulator 3, photodetector 12, rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 are connected.It is visited according to from photoelectricity Survey the reflected light signal that detects of device 12 come the voltage on end mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 after adjusting to change optical cavity 7 length or The output wavelength of tunable continuous wave light source 1 is directly changed to allow continuous wave induced laser 2 to be coupled into optical cavity 7;
Photodetector 12: to the photodetector that (2.6~4.0 μm) can respond within the scope of HF/DF chemical laser, by light Strong signal switchs to voltage value;
End mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 afterwards: for loading the device of end mirror 6 after optical cavity, length can be changed according to input voltage It is short, to control the distance between end mirror 6 and output coupling mirror 9 after optical cavity to change the length of optical cavity 7;
Pressure recovery device interface 14: for being connected with pressure recovery device, the H that will have been used2, the gases such as F, He pumping Out;
The invention has the following advantages that
It is simple direct, go out striation independent of reaction temperature, flow velocity, each reaction gas mixing ratio and nozzle type etc. Part directly expands the particle between the specific rotating state on vibrational quantum number v=2 in specific rotating state and vibrational quantum number v=1 Number reversion.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure;
Wherein, 1 tunable continuous wave light source, 2 continuous wave induced lasers, 3 electrooptic modulators, 4 reflection of polarization prisms, 5 four / mono- wave plate, end mirror after 6 optical cavities, 7 optical cavities, 8 optical cavity outer walls, 9 output coupling mirrors, output light 10, closed-loop control system 11,12 Photodetector, end mirror piezoelectric ceramics after 13,14 pressure recovery device interfaces;
Fig. 2 is the HF product particles population and radiation schematic diagram of HF chemical laser.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Tunable continuous wave light source, electrooptic modulator, reflection of polarization prism, quarter-wave plate, rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramics, End mirror after optical cavity, optical cavity, output coupling mirror are sequentially connected, and optical cavity outer wall is enclosed in outside optical cavity;Photodetector connection polarization is anti- Penetrate prism;Closed-loop control system connects tunable continuous wave light source, electrooptic modulator, photodetector;End mirror and pressure after optical cavity Power recovery device interface is on optical cavity outer wall.
Embodiment 2
HF product population when passing through optical cavity after the reaction of HF chemical laser combustion chamber is as shown in Fig. 2, HF product is most main It is distributed on each rotation quantum state that vibrational quantum number is v=2, has on each rotation quantum state that vibrational quantum number is v=1 Less distribution, HF product are population partial inversions.The P of HF (v=1, j=5) is wherein arrived by HF (v=2, j=4)2(5) Branch radiates (wavelength is about 2804nm) as the radiation of stronger chemical laser.
Method of the invention is exactly to be coupled into optical cavity 7 using a branch of continuous wave induced laser 2, its wavelength is exactly equal to HF (v=1, j=5) arrives the P of HF (v=0, j=6)1(6) branch radiation (wavelength is about 2710nm).When HF product enters optical cavity, Due to the effect by induction light 2, product in HF (v=1, j=5) state to HF (v=0, j=6) state transition and can enhance company Continuous wave induced laser 2, and since the length of optical cavity 7 at this time just matches with induction light 2, induce light (P1(6) branch radiates) energy Greatly enhanced, the product in HF (v=1, j=5) state can transit to downwards HF (v=0, j=6) state as snowslide;Finally The population inversion caused between HF (v=2, j=4) and HF (v=1, j=5) expands, to can generate more in optical cavity 7 Strong chemical laser exports (P2(5) branch radiates).
By 2 (P of continuous wave induced laser1(6) branch radiates, and wavelength is about 2710nm) it is coupled into method used by optical cavity 7 There are two types of embodiment, (due to chemical laser since radiation line width caused by pressure and collision is wider (number GHz), while optical cavity is long Degree is longer to cause optical cavity longitudinal mode spacing smaller (< 1GHz), so that can be effective as long as being coupled into optical cavity by continuous wave induced laser 2 Induce the downward transition of HF molecule):
1) scanning wavelength: first by the wavelength regulation of continuous wave induced laser 2 extremely by P1(6) branch radiation nearby (1GHz with It is interior), then end mirror 6 reflects the input closed-loop control system 11 of signal caused by photodetector 12 after optical cavity, passes through closed loop Control system is carried out feedback output and is allowed to and 7 phase of optical cavity to tunable continuous wave light source 1 to adjust the wavelength of continuous wave induced laser 2 It matches and is coupled into optical cavity;
2) scanning chamber is long: first by the wavelength regulation of continuous wave induced laser 2 extremely by P1(6) branch radiates corresponding accurate wave It is long, then end mirror 6 reflects the input closed-loop control system 11 of signal caused by photodetector 12 after optical cavity, passes through closed loop control System processed carrys out feedback output to rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramics 13 to adjust 7 length of optical cavity, is allowed to the wavelength with continuous wave induced laser 2 Match and is coupled into optical cavity.

Claims (2)

1.一种增大化学激光粒子数反转的装置,其特征在于:装置的光路系统中包括:1. A device that increases the number of chemical laser particles reversed, is characterized in that: the optical path system of the device includes: 可调谐连续波光源(1),连续波诱导激光(2),光电调制器(3),偏振反射棱镜(4),四分之一波片(5),光腔后端镜(6),光腔(7),光腔外壁(8),输出耦合镜(9),输出光(10),闭环控制系统(11),光电探测器(12),后端镜压电陶瓷(13)和压力恢复装置接口(14);可调谐连续波光源(1),光电调制器(3),偏振反射棱镜(4),四分之一波片(5),后端镜压电陶瓷(13),光腔后端镜(6),光腔(7),输出耦合镜(9)依次连接,光腔外壁(8)包围在光腔(7)外;光电探测器(12)连接偏振反射棱镜(4);闭环控制系统(11)连接可调谐连续波光源(1),光电调制器(3),光电探测器(12);光腔后端镜(6)和压力恢复装置接口(14)在光腔外壁(8)上;Tunable continuous wave light source (1), continuous wave induction laser (2), photoelectric modulator (3), polarized reflective prism (4), quarter wave plate (5), optical cavity rear end mirror (6), Optical cavity (7), outer wall of optical cavity (8), output coupling mirror (9), output light (10), closed-loop control system (11), photodetector (12), rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramic (13) and Pressure recovery device interface (14); tunable continuous wave light source (1), photoelectric modulator (3), polarized reflection prism (4), quarter wave plate (5), rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramic (13) , the optical cavity rear end mirror (6), the optical cavity (7), and the output coupling mirror (9) are connected in sequence, and the outer wall of the optical cavity (8) is surrounded by the optical cavity (7); the photodetector (12) is connected to the polarized reflective prism (4); the closed-loop control system (11) is connected to the tunable continuous wave light source (1), the photoelectric modulator (3), and the photodetector (12); the optical cavity rear end mirror (6) and the pressure recovery device interface (14) On the outer wall (8) of the optical cavity; 可调谐连续波光源(1)为能产生HF/DF化学激光范围内(2.6~4.0μm)连续可调谐的连续波激光,用于将较低振动能级上的HF/DF分子诱导到更低振动能级上;连续波诱导激光(2)用于将较低振动能级上的HF/DF分子诱导到更低振动能级上,它的波长与HF分子自发辐射向下跃迁相匹配;光电调制器(3)用于改变连续波诱导激光(2)的相位和频率用于将诱导激光耦合进化学激光光腔(7);偏振反射棱镜(4)可以完全透过P光而完全反射S光;四分之一波片(5)用于改变激光的偏振,其快轴与线偏振的连续波诱导激光(2)成45°角;光腔后端镜(6)为平凹镜,弧度能满足实现稳定腔,对HF/DF化学激光范围(2.6~4.0μm)高度反射(反射率>99.9%);光腔(7)为由光腔后端镜(6)和输出耦合镜(9)组成的稳定腔;光腔外壁(8)为由金属组成的腔体,上端连接喷嘴,下端连接压力恢复装置;输出耦合镜(9)为平凹镜,弧度能满足实现稳定腔,对HF/DF化学激光范围(2.6~4.0μm)高度反射(反射率>99%),其反射率小于光腔后端镜(6);输出光(10)为最终由光腔输出的化学激光;闭环控制系统(11)为由信号发生器,中央电脑,数据采集卡组成的系统,与可调谐连续波光源(1)、光电调制器(3)、光电探测器(12)、后端镜压电陶瓷(13)相连接;根据从光电探测器(12)探测到的反射光信号来调节后端镜压电陶瓷(13)上的电压从而改变光腔(7)的长度或者直接改变可调谐连续波光源(1)的输出波长来使连续波诱导激光(2)可以耦合进光腔(7);光电探测器(12)为对HF/DF化学激光范围内(2.6~4.0μm)可响应的光电探测器,将光强信号转为电压值;后端镜压电陶瓷(13)为用于装载光腔后端镜(6)的装置,可以根据输入电压来改变后端镜压电陶瓷(13)长短,从而控制光腔后端镜(6)与输出耦合镜(9)之间的距离来改变光腔(7)的长度;压力恢复装置接口(14)用于与压力恢复装置相连接,将使用完的H2,F,He等气体抽出。The tunable continuous wave light source (1) is a continuous tunable continuous wave laser capable of generating HF/DF chemical lasers (2.6-4.0 μm), which is used to induce HF/DF molecules at lower vibration levels to lower Vibrational energy level; continuous wave induced laser (2) is used to induce HF/DF molecules at lower vibrational energy levels to lower vibrational energy levels, and its wavelength matches the spontaneous emission downward transition of HF molecules; photoelectricity The modulator (3) is used to change the phase and frequency of the continuous wave induced laser (2) for coupling the induced laser into the chemical laser optical cavity (7); the polarized reflective prism (4) can completely transmit the P light and completely reflect the S Light; a quarter-wave plate (5) is used to change the polarization of the laser, and its fast axis forms an angle of 45° with the linearly polarized continuous wave induced laser (2); the optical cavity rear end mirror (6) is a plano-concave mirror, The radian can meet the requirement of realizing a stable cavity, which is highly reflective (reflectivity > 99.9%) to the HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6-4.0 μm); the optical cavity (7) is composed of the optical cavity rear end mirror (6) and the output coupling mirror ( 9) composed of a stable cavity; the outer wall of the optical cavity (8) is a cavity composed of metal, the upper end is connected to the nozzle, and the lower end is connected to the pressure recovery device; the output coupling mirror (9) is a flat concave mirror, and the radian can meet the requirements of realizing the stable cavity. The HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6-4.0 μm) is highly reflective (reflectivity > 99%), and its reflectivity is lower than that of the rear end mirror (6) of the optical cavity; the output light (10) is the chemical laser finally output by the optical cavity; The closed-loop control system (11) is a system composed of a signal generator, a central computer, and a data acquisition card, together with a tunable continuous wave light source (1), a photoelectric modulator (3), a photodetector (12), and a back-end mirror pressure The electrical ceramics (13) are connected; according to the reflected light signal detected from the photodetector (12), the voltage on the rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramics (13) is adjusted to change the length of the optical cavity (7) or directly change the adjustable The output wavelength of the continuous wave light source (1) enables the continuous wave induction laser (2) to be coupled into the optical cavity (7); the photodetector (12) is responsive to the HF/DF chemical laser range (2.6-4.0 μm) The photodetector converts the light intensity signal into a voltage value; the rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramic (13) is a device for loading the optical cavity rear end mirror (6), and can change the rear end mirror piezoelectric ceramic according to the input voltage (13) length, so as to control the distance between the optical cavity rear end mirror (6) and the output coupling mirror (9) to change the length of the optical cavity (7); the pressure recovery device interface (14) is used to communicate with the pressure recovery device Connect and pump out the used H 2 , F, He and other gases. 2.一种权利要求1所述的增大化学激光粒子数反转的装置的操作方法,其特征在于:用一束连续波红外激光作为诱导光耦合进光腔,将氟化氢化学激光体系中的振动量子数为v=1的特定转动量子态诱导到振动数v=0的转动量子态上,以增大振动量子数v=2上特定转动态与振动量子数v=1上的特定转动态之间的粒子数反转。2. A method of operating the device for increasing the number of chemical laser particle population inversions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a bundle of continuous wave infrared laser is coupled into the optical cavity as induced light, and the hydrogen fluoride chemical laser system is coupled into the optical cavity. The specific rotational quantum state with the vibration quantum number v=1 is induced to the rotational quantum state with the vibration quantum number v=0, so as to increase the specific rotational state on the vibration quantum number v=2 and the specific rotational state on the vibration quantum number v=1 The number of particles in between is reversed.
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GB1016576A (en) * 1962-08-22 1966-01-12 Varian Associates Optical maser
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