CN106785861A - Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode - Google Patents
Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, using high non-linearity, narrow linewidth, Free Spectral Range is larger, modulation depth is larger, non-saturable absorption is lost small Graphene microcavity, using the repetition rate for filtering four-wave mixing effect raising pulse, and suppress the stability that spontaneous emission noise, the pulse width that narrows improve mode locking pulse with reference to saturable absorber, produce repetition rate GHz up to a hundred, the pulse signal that pulse width is hundred fs, low jitter.The realization of this laser promotes Gao Zhongying, the development of narrow spaces optical fiber laser.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gao Zhongying ultrashort pulse signal field, specially a kind of Gao Zhongying based on Graphene microcavity locked mode
Ultra-short pulse generation method and device, can be used for optic communication, national defense safety, astronomy, high speed full optical analog-to-digital conversion, biological doctor
The fields such as, micro Process.
Background technology
Digital display circuit has huge at aspects such as stability, antijamming capability, processing accuracy, integrated levels compared to simulation system
Advantage.But the information that nature is present exists mostly in the form of analog signal, it is necessary to which analog signal is converted into numeral
Signal.Fiber optic communication with its huge transmission capacity, good antijamming capability, in full generation the advantages of two-forty and low error rate
It is widely used in the range of boundary, and the new transmission technology such as 40G, OTN, ASON is continued to bring out, optical communication network of future generation
The development of technology and optical oomputing also requires that information all realizes high speed, parallel digit optical information processing in the optical domain, compels
Being essential will abandon the conversion of " optical-electrical-optical ".Comprehensive analysis, realizes that height is adopted to optical analog signal using full optical analog to digital conversion technology
Sample speed, the analog-to-digital conversion of high quantization precision turn into the urgent problem for solving.Sampling laser arteries and veins in full optical analog to digital conversion technology
Rush the performance that repetition rate, pulse width, the stability in source etc. directly determine analog-to-digital conversion, thus develop a kind of Gao Zhongying,
Narrow spaces, the laser pulse source of low jitter turn into problem in the urgent need to address at present.
Optical fiber laser relative to solid state laser have with low cost, small volume, it is lightweight, without beam path alignment, dissipate
Hot fast, the loss low unrivaled advantage of small, laser threshold, the development advanced by leaps and bounds, it has also become laser field fills
Completely innovate the important directions [He of Nat. Photonics, Vol. 4, p. 307- 311,2010 of vigor and innovation opportunity
Nature, Vol. 424, p. 831-838,2003].Ultrashort laser pulse is complete in optic communication, national defense safety, astronomy, high speed
The fields such as optical analog to digital conversion, biomedicine, micro Process are widely used, the core as national strategy and high-end industry
One of technology.Research on optical fiber laser, important breakthrough is all achieved in terms of theoretical and engineering technology.
The method of optical fiber laser generation high repetition frequency laser pulse has active mode locking technique and passive mode-locking technology.And
Passive mode-locking fiber laser relative to Active Mode-locked Fiber Laser there is repetition rate not limited by electronic bottleneck, structure
Simply, the features such as output stability is good.Passive mode-locking fiber laser, can be by shortening the basic repetition rate of chamber raising long
[Opt. Commun., Vol. 284, p. 4203-4206,2011], harmonic mode locking increase pulse number [Opt. in laser cavity
Lett., Vol. 37, p. 3522-3524,2012], based on dissipation four-wave mixing effect（Filtering four-wave mixing effect）Locked mode
[IEEE J. Quantum Electron., Vol.42, p. 1038-1046,2006] improves repetition rate.By shortening
The chamber repetition rate that can increase laser to a certain extent long, but the too short chamber laser that is difficult to long provides enough increasings
Benefit realizes locked mode, and the making of ultrashort resonator is more difficult.Additionally, multiple-pulse harmonic mode locking technology is also used to Gao Zhongying
Pulse, Harmonic mode-locked fiber laser runs into one common issue is that unless taken stabilization technique, otherwise cannot be in week more long
Stabilization is produced on phase and the pulse train of amplitude is waited, and repetition rate maximum still in 20GHz or so.
Although realizing that Gao Zhongying pulsed laser output has achieved important breakthrough, this lock based on four-wave mixing effect
The signal to noise ratio of mould pulse is than relatively low, less stable, it is impossible to meet the requirement to sampling pulse source in full optical analog to digital conversion technology.
It is higher non-linear that main cause is that four-wave mixing effect needs, and causes chamber long, and adjacent longitudinal mode spacing is smaller, usually
MHz is smaller, so that comprising multiple longitudinal modes in each filtering channel, and the phase random fluctuation of longitudinal mode causes low frequency to be made an uproar
Sound, seriously reduces the stability of system.In addition, the factor of laser pulse jitter is caused typically also to be made an uproar including spontaneous radiation
Shake that sound causes, the dispersion of optical fiber cause the shake that central frequency deviation causes（Gordon-Haus shakes）, amplitude it is uneven
The shake [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 44, p. 1621-1625,2005] for causing.Solve problem above needs
Seek new filtering technique and suppress many longitudinal modes vibrations, seek between high non-linearity device reduces that chamber is long, increases between adjacent longitudinal mode
Away from rationally design cavity shape structure reduces by three kinds of influences of shake, is the effective means for improving Gao Zhongying laser stability.In the recent period
Just report using four-wave mixing effect realize Gao Zhongying pulsed laser output [Nature Communications, Vol. 3,
P. 765,2012].But CMOS microcavitys are not optical fiber structures, it is relatively low with optical fibre device coupling efficiency to introduce CMOS microcavitys, damages
The larger shortcoming of consumption, realizes that the pump power that Mode-locking For Lasers output needs is higher.The laser does not have noise reduction process, stability
It need to be improved.
In recent years, micro-nano fiber technology provides new Research Thinking and experiment way to realize Gao Zhongying optical fiber laser
Footpath.Two step drawings are heated using flame, the low loss fiber of a diameter of 50nm has been pulled out, realized including micro-nano resonator
In interior various optics.Result of study based on micro-nano resonator shows：There is micro-nano resonator frequency filtering to act on, can
As narrow linewidth, the spectral filter of multichannel.Optical fiber microcavity wave filter has many advantages compared with other wave filters：
（1）High nonlinear factor；（2）Narrow linewidth filtering characteristic；（3）It is compatible with traditional optical fibre device.Therefore, it can using micro-
Receive resonator high non-linearity reduce chamber it is long, increase longitudinal mode spacing, using micro-nano resonator narrow linewidth filtering characteristic suppress it is many
Longitudinal mode vibrates, and is expected to realize that Gao Zhongying ultrashort pulse is exported.
The optical fiber laser based on Graphene locked mode has carried out numerous studies in recent years, and result of study shows grapheme material
With the effect [Optics Express, Vol. 21, p. 26533-26541,2013] for suppressing spontaneous emission noise.
Therefore, can on micro-nano resonator coated graphite alkene, develop a kind of new mode-locking device（Abbreviation Graphene is micro-
Chamber）.Spontaneous emission noise being reduced using Graphene microcavity, suppressing many longitudinal modes vibrations, design laser drops near nearly zero dispersion
Low Gordon-Haus shakes, develop Gao Zhongying, narrow spaces, the mode locked fiber laser of low jitter.
The content of the invention
The pulse recurrence frequency of current traditional fiber laser is relatively low, pulse width is wider, system to solve for the present invention
A kind of shortcoming of stability difference, there is provided Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, including wavelength division multiplexer, the wavelength-division are answered
It is connected with the input of Er-doped fiber with the output end of device, the output end of the Er-doped fiber and the input of the unrelated isolator of polarization
End connection, the output end of the unrelated isolator of polarization is connected by the first Polarization Controller with the input for being connected Graphene microcavity
Connect, the output end of the Graphene microcavity is connected by the second Polarization Controller with the input of output coupler, the output
One output end of coupler is as mode locking pulse output end, its another output end by optical fiber and an input of wavelength division multiplexer
Connection, its another input are connected with one-wavelength laser source.
When using, the device includes that operation wavelength is 980nm one-wavelength lasers source, the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550nm, mixes
Erbium optical fiber, the unrelated isolator of polarization, Graphene microcavity and output coupler.980nm one-wavelength lasers source is used as pump light source；Pumping
Light source carries out pumping pumping by the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550 described nm to described Er-doped fiber；Polarization it is unrelated every
Effect from device is to suppress backward feedback, to ensure annular cavity laser Unidirectional；Polarize unrelated isolator followed by
Graphene microcavity and output coupler, form closed-loop path.
A kind of method of the Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, the source conduct of 980nm one-wavelength lasers
Pump light source, pumping pumping is carried out to Er-doped fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550 nm, then by polarizing unrelated isolator
Suppress backward feedback, then using Graphene microcavity high non-linearity, narrow linewidth, Free Spectral Range is larger, modulation depth is larger,
The characteristics of loss of non-saturable absorption is small, realizes repetition rate GHz up to a hundred, the mode locking pulse that pulse width is hundred fs, low jitter
Exported by coupler.Filtering four-wave mixing effect：Optical filter with periodicity transmission peaks, adjacent transmissive is peak-to-peak to be divided into, then produce at intervals ofBands of a spectrum, produce four-wave mixing effect to produce additional sideband in non-thread optical fiber high, and
For these sidebands provide PGC demodulation, laser output repetition rate isOr the pulse train of its integral multiple.Saturable is inhaled
Producing effects should：When light pulse passes through absorber, the loss of the loss more than middle body of its side alar part, as a result light pulse is logical
It is narrowed during crossing absorber, in multiple two-way process, pulse constantly narrows, reaches the lock that dynamic equilibrium forms stabilization
Mould pulse is exported.Microcavity in the present invention program is that an optical filter with polycyclic transmission peaks will cause filtering
Four-wave mixing effect, grapheme material plays a part of saturable absorber；Therefore, this programme is really to be mixed by filtering four ripples
Under frequency and two kinds of locked mode mechanism collective effects of saturable absorption effect, Gao Zhongying ultrashort pulse output is produced.
Operation principle of the invention includes：
1st, micro-nano resonator（Graphene microcavity）With frequency filtering effect, can be as narrow linewidth, the spectral filtering of multichannel
Device.Optical fiber microcavity wave filter has high nonlinear factor, narrow linewidth filtering characteristic and compatible with traditional optical fibre device.
Because a diameter of nanometer scale of micro-nano fiber, light field are confined within very narrow limits, cause the nonlinear system of micro-nano fiber
Number is higher；Can be humorous with the experimental Q values for requiring to control micro-nano resonator, the micro-nano of the narrow linewidth that development meets requirement of experiment
Shake chamber；Because micro-nano resonator is made up of ordinary optic fibre, in that context it may be convenient to coupled with other optical fibre devices.Micro-nano can be utilized
The high non-linearity of resonator reduces that chamber is long, increase longitudinal mode spacing, suppresses to indulge using the narrow linewidth filtering characteristic of micro-nano resonator more
Mode oscillation, realizes that Gao Zhongying ultrashort pulse is exported.
2nd, the Free Spectral Range of micro-nano resonator is（Wherein：λ is incidence
Optical wavelength,n eff It is the effective refractive index of optical fiber, D is the diameter of microcavity）.To realize that repetition rate is the ultrashort of hundred more than GHz
Pulse is exported, preferably by the diameter control of microcavity below 660 μm；The length and distance of modulation section area's micro-nano fiber, improve micro-
The quality factor in chamber, obtain the transmission spectrum output of narrow linewidth.
3rd, the saturable absorption characteristic of Graphene makes the output pulse temporal frequency domain that narrows broaden, and is trembled according to Gordon-Haus
Dynamic formula is easy to draw that the optical fiber laser of this kind of structure can reduce the Gordon-Haus shakes of laser pulse.Except this
In addition, Graphene saturable absorber also has for suppression spontaneous emission noise and has certain effect.
4th, using the repetition rate for filtering four-wave mixing effect raising pulse, High-performance graphene microcavity is prepared, with reference to stone
Black alkene microcavity saturable absorber suppresses the stability that spontaneous emission noise, the pulse width that narrows improve mode locking pulse.
Reasonable in design, Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, with existing skill of the invention
Art is compared, and the pulse recurrence frequency for overcoming traditional fiber laser is relatively low, pulse width is wider, system stability difference lacks
Point, develops the passive mode-locking fiber laser that repetition rate is GHz up to a hundred, pulse width is hundred fs, low jitter, communication band.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 represents the structural representation of laser device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 represents the structural representation of Graphene microcavity in laser device of the present invention.
In figure：1-980nm one-wavelength lasers source, the wavelength division multiplexer of 2-980/1550nm, 3- Er-doped fibers, 4- polarizations are unrelated
Isolator, the Polarization Controllers of 5a- first, the Polarization Controllers of 5b- second, 6- Graphene microcavitys, 7- output couplers.
Specific embodiment
Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method based on Graphene microcavity locked mode of the present invention is that 980nm is monochromatic sharp
Light source carries out pumping pumping through the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550 nm as pump light source to Er-doped fiber, then by polarizing nothing
Close isolator and suppress backward feedback, then using Graphene microcavity high non-linearity, narrow linewidth, Free Spectral Range be larger, modulation
The characteristics of depth is larger, non-saturable absorption is lost small, by filtering two kinds of Mould locking machines of four-wave mixing and saturable absorption effect
Collective effect processed realizes that mode locking pulse is exported by coupler.The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, including the wavelength-division of 980/1550nm is answered
With device 2, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 of the 980/1550nm is connected with the input of Er-doped fiber 3, the Er-doped fiber
3 output end is connected with the input of polarization unrelated isolator 4, and the output end of the unrelated isolator 4 of polarization is inclined by first
The controller 5a that shakes is connected with the input for being connected Graphene microcavity 6, and the output end of the Graphene microcavity 6 is by the second polarization control
Device 5b processed is connected with the input of output coupler 7, an output end of the output coupler 7 as mode locking pulse output end,
Its another output end is by optical fiber and an input of wavelength division multiplexer 2（1550nm）Connection, its another input（980nm）With
980nm one-wavelength lasers source 1 connects.
The device is the optical fiber laser that Graphene microcavity locked mode is built on the basis of Analysis results of numerical simulation, is such as schemed
Shown in 1.In build process, Er-doped fiber, the less fiber optic passive device of physical size from highly doped, low dispersion；Choosing
With the less pumping source of electrical noise, bidirectional pumping structure is used to provide gain for mode locked fiber laser；By 980nm one-wavelength lasers
Used as pump light source, pump light source carries out pumping pumping by the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550nm to Er-doped fiber, then leads in source
Cross and polarize unrelated isolator and suppress backward feedback to ensure annular cavity laser Unidirectional, followed by Graphene microcavity
And output coupler, form closed-loop path.According to the result of numerical simulation, the locked mode of nearly zero dispersion is built using Graphene microcavity
Optical fiber laser.Adjustment pump power, fine setting Polarization Controller provides disturbance, is operated in optical fiber laser to optical fiber laser
The locked mode output state of stabilization.Fine setting laser parameter is until more stable, hundred fs of acquisition, the laser pulse of hundred more than GHz.
（Pulse width can be measured using autocorrelation function analyzer, using the repetition rate of interval calculation pulse between autocorrelator trace peak value.）
Prepare high performance Graphene microcavity：The good micro-nano fiber of toughness, flatness is drawn first with flame heating module,
Micro-nano fiber is developed into microcavity around ring under high-power microscope；Graphene powder is poured into sodium dodecyl sulfate solution again, is entered
Row ultrasonic agitation, the solution after stirring carries out centrifugal treating, the solution of upper strata separation is filtered, polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）Powder falls
Enter it is ultrasonically treated after solution in, continue ultrasonic agitation a few hours（About 5 hours or so）, form Graphene mixed solution；Most
To be put on the glass sheet around the microcavity for making afterwards, instilled from side, the coating work of graphene solution is completed, so as to prepare height
Performance Graphene microcavity, structure is as shown in Figure 2.
In a word, the Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method and device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode is using high non-linearity, narrow
Line width, Free Spectral Range are larger, modulation depth is larger, non-saturable absorption is lost small Graphene microcavity, using filtering four
Wave mixing effect improve pulse repetition rate, and with reference to saturable absorber suppress spontaneous emission noise, narrow pulse width
The stability of mode locking pulse is improved, repetition rate GHz up to a hundred, the pulse signal that pulse width is hundred fs, low jitter is produced.This swashs
The realization of light device promotes Gao Zhongying, the development of narrow spaces optical fiber laser.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any formal limitation is not made to the present invention,
It is every according to technical spirit of the invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations belong to the present invention
In the range of technical scheme.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, it is characterised in that：Including wavelength-division multiplex
Device（2）, the wavelength division multiplexer（2）Output end and Er-doped fiber（3）Input connection, the Er-doped fiber（3）It is defeated
Go out end and the unrelated isolator of polarization（4）Input connection, the unrelated isolator of the polarization（4）Output end by first polarization
Controller（5a）Be connected Graphene microcavity（6）Input connection, the Graphene microcavity（6）Output end by second inclined
Shake controller（5b）With output coupler（7）Input connection, the output coupler（7）An output end as locked mode arteries and veins
Output end, its another output end are rushed by optical fiber and wavelength division multiplexer（2）Input connection, its another input with it is monochromatic
Lasing light emitter（1）Connection.
2. the Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation device based on Graphene microcavity locked mode according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The Graphene microcavity（6）Preparation method it is as follows：Micro-nano fiber is drawn first with flame heating, under high-power microscope
Micro-nano fiber is developed into microcavity around ring；Graphene powder is poured into sodium dodecyl sulfate solution again, carries out ultrasonic agitation, stirred
Solution after mixing carries out centrifugal treating, filter upper strata separation solution, pva powder pour into it is ultrasonically treated after solution
In, after continuing ultrasonic agitation, form Graphene mixed solution；To finally be put on the glass sheet around the microcavity for making, from side drop
Enter, the coating work of graphene solution is completed, so as to prepare Graphene microcavity.
3. a kind of Gao Zhongying ultra-short pulse generation method based on Graphene microcavity locked mode, it is characterised in that：980nm is monochromatic sharp
Light source carries out pumping pumping through the wavelength division multiplexer of 980/1550nm as pump light source to Er-doped fiber, then by polarizing nothing
Close isolator and suppress backward feedback, then using Graphene microcavity, by filtering two kinds of four-wave mixing and saturable absorption effect
Locked mode mechanism collective effect realizes the mode locking pulse output that repetition rate GHz up to a hundred, pulse width are hundred fs, low jitter.
4. a kind of preparation method of Graphene microcavity, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：Micro-nano is drawn first with flame heating
Optical fiber, microcavity is developed under high-power microscope by micro-nano fiber around ring；Graphene powder is poured into lauryl sodium sulfate again molten
In liquid, ultrasonic agitation is carried out, the solution after stirring carries out centrifugal treating, the solution of upper strata separation is filtered, pva powder
Pour into it is ultrasonically treated after solution in, continue ultrasonic agitation after, formed Graphene mixed solution；To finally be put around the microcavity for making
On the glass sheet, instilled from side, the coating work of graphene solution is completed, so as to prepare Graphene microcavity.
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