CN106785270B - A kind of microwave complementation duplexer - Google Patents
A kind of microwave complementation duplexer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106785270B CN106785270B CN201611241304.2A CN201611241304A CN106785270B CN 106785270 B CN106785270 B CN 106785270B CN 201611241304 A CN201611241304 A CN 201611241304A CN 106785270 B CN106785270 B CN 106785270B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave complementation duplexers.The duplexer is a three port microwave passive components, including with circulation passage and with resistance channel.It is characterized by: the output with circulation passage of duplexer is passband signal, and the output with resistance channel is the spectrum signal except broadband signal rejecting passband signal when a broadband signal is by common end feed-in.The band circulation passage of duplexer matched well in passband, stopband may be implemented matched well outside passband, and common end matched well in Whole frequency band.The complementary duplexer can be realized the frequency spectrum separation or synthesis function of microwave frequency band.It can be used for the spectrum component for measuring the designated frequency band in a broadband signal, such as the measurement of passive intermodulation.Furthermore multiplexer is constituted after using the duplexer to cascade as basic module.Finally, the stopband channel output end in duplexer connects matched load, an absorbing mode filter may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave frequency band duplexer, two channel signal complete complementaries of the duplex, i.e. broadband signal
By the broadband signal that can be split as when duplex except passband signal and passband.As shown in Figure 1.
Background technique
Traditional microwave diplexer is the signal synthesis by two-way different frequency or broadband signal will be split as two-way all the way
The signal of different frequency.Two paths of signals is confined in certain bandwidth range, can be realized really with band separation function
Complementary function in meaning, i.e. band logical, the transmission characteristic with resistance channel are exactly the transfer function an of filter function and anti-
The design method and product for penetrating function have not been reported.
Although the design of bandpass filter and bandstop filter has been a mature technology, by two independent designs
Bandpass filter and bandstop filter carry out simple parallel connection and cannot form the function of complementary duplexer of the present invention.This is
Due to it is well known that the input impedance of bandpass filter and bandstop filter is a complex impedance not equal to 1.And traditional filter
The design of wave device is all based on the premise that the normalized impedance of port is 1, thus by the two it is in parallel after, the band circulation passage of duplexer with
Band resistance channel can generate it is serious influence each other, cannot achieve preset complementary duplex nature.
Microwave Multiplexer is used for microwave spectrum Signal separator or synthesis, is the important composition component in communication system.It is existing
The demand of higher and higher restructural characteristic is proposed to Microwave Multiplexer for microwave system.And the composition of common multiplexer be by
Multiple path filters are combined in different ways, and then reach going for multiple path filters by optimizing connecting element
Coupling, and then constitute multiplexer.This building form is unable to satisfy restructural demand, can only be completed according to given index demand unidirectional
Change design, can not reuse.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that are as follows: overcome the shortage of prior art, propose a kind of microwave complementation duplexer, with it is complete mutually
The frequency spectrum stalling characteristic for mending duplexer the output spectrum of system can be separated into logical inband signaling and intermodulation generate with outer letter
Number.Band stray signal feed-in frequency spectrograph can be completed to the test of all intermodulation signal level.In super high power system,
It causes amplifier to burn if the out of band signal of the output filter of system end is reflected back launching opportunity, uses complete complementary duplex
Out of band signal can be drawn out to a high power load through band resistance channel by device.Functionally out of band signal be supported absorption and
It is not to return to source, to achieve the purpose that protect transmitter.
The technical solution that the present invention solves are as follows: a kind of microwave complementation duplexer, comprising: public port, passband port and resistance
Port contains band circulation passage and with resistance channel;One end with circulation passage and one end with resistance channel are as common end, band circulation passage
The other end as passband port, the other end with resistance channel is as logical resistance port;When a broadband signal is by public port
When feed-in, passband signal is exported by passband port, and the signal except passband is exported by stopband port.
Filter transfer function with circulation passage and the filter transfer function with resistance channel are a generalized chebyshev
The transfer function and reflective function of filter function, can make duplexer realize matched well in Whole frequency band.
If a generalized chebyshev multinomial is described by following formula:
Wherein, FN(ω)、PN(ω) is the N rank multinomial function determined according to demand, CN(ω) is by the two multinomials
Ratio determine function.Wherein, N, n are the order of filter, are determined by Filter specification.ω is frequency variable.ωnFor filter
The cutoff frequency of wave device low-pass prototype, xnFor the centre frequency of working passband.
The reflective function of the filter so described by the multinomialAre as follows:
Transfer functionAre as follows:
In formula, ENMultinomial is by | EN|2=| FN|2+|PN|2It acquires;
Transfer function S with circulation passage21For
Transfer function S with resistance channel31Then it is defined as
By law of conservation of energy, the reflective function of the public port of the duplexer:
|S11|2=1- | S21|2-|S31|2=0
That is, realizing matched well within the scope of Whole frequency band;
S11, S21, S31 are the Network characteristic parameters of multi-port network, and S11 is reflective function, and the characteristic of description is
In addition to port 1, when other ports connect matched load, the reflection coefficient of port 1.S21 is transfer function, and the characteristic of description is port
2 when connecing matched load, transmission coefficient of the energy from port 1 to port 2.S31 is transfer function, and the characteristic of description is that port 3 connects
When matched load, transmission coefficient of the energy from port 1 to port 3.
Complementary duplexer schematic circuit, comprising: public port, passband port and stopband port lead to circulation passage and with resistance
Road;
Band circulation passage, comprising: connection waveguide Y 1, connection waveguide Y 2, connection waveguide Y 3, connection waveguide Y 4, connection waveguide Y 5,
Microwave resonator 1, microwave resonator 2, microwave resonator 3, microwave resonator 4;
Band resistance channel, comprising: connection waveguide X1, connection waveguide X2, connection waveguide X3, connection waveguide X4, connection waveguide X5,
Microwave resonator 5, microwave resonator 6, microwave resonator 7, microwave resonator 8;
Microwave resonator 1 includes: capacitor C1 and an inductance L1;
Microwave resonator 2 includes: capacitor C2 and an inductance L2;
Microwave resonator 3 includes: capacitor C3 and an inductance L3;
Microwave resonator 4 includes: capacitor C4 and an inductance L4;
One end of one end and connection waveguide X1 for connecting waveguide Y 1 connects public port, the other end connection of connection waveguide Y 1
One end of inductance L1 and one end of connection waveguide Y 2, the other end of inductance L1 are grounded by capacitor C1;
One end of the other end connection inductance L2 of waveguide Y 2 and one end of connection waveguide Y 3 are connected, the other end of inductance L2 is logical
Cross capacitor C2 ground connection;
One end of the other end connection inductance L3 of waveguide Y 3 and one end of connection waveguide Y 4 are connected, the other end of inductance L3 is logical
Cross capacitor C3 ground connection;
One end of the other end connection inductance L4 of waveguide Y 4 and one end of connection waveguide Y 5 are connected, the other end of inductance L4 is logical
Cross capacitor C4 ground connection;
The other end for connecting waveguide Y 5 connects stopband port;
Microwave resonator 5 includes: capacitor C5 and an inductance L5;
Microwave resonator 6 includes: capacitor C6 and an inductance L6;
Microwave resonator 7 includes: capacitor C7 and an inductance L7;
Microwave resonator 8 includes: capacitor C8 and an inductance L8;‘
Connect one end of the other end connection inductance L5 of waveguide X1, the other end of inductance L5 by capacitor C6 with connect waveguide
One end of X2 is connected;
The other end of waveguide X2 is connected with one end of inductance L6 and connect one end of waveguide X3, the other end of inductance L6 passes through
Capacitor C6 ground connection;
Connect one end of the other end connection inductance L7 of waveguide X3, the other end of inductance L7 by capacitor C7 with connect waveguide
One end of X4 is connected
The other end of waveguide X4 is connected with one end of inductance L8 and connect one end of waveguide X5, the other end of inductance L8 passes through
Capacitor C8 ground connection;
The other end for connecting waveguide X5 connects passband port.
A kind of microwave complementation duplexer of the invention, comprising: public port, passband port and stopband port, band circulation passage
Channel is hindered with band;Band circulation passage, comprising: microwave cavity 1, microwave cavity 2, microwave cavity 3, microwave cavity 4, connection
Waveguide A;Microwave cavity 1, microwave cavity 2, microwave cavity 3, microwave cavity 4 are rectangular body cavity, open at one end, another
End seal is closed;
Public port (port 1) is connected with the one end for connecting waveguide A, connects the other end of waveguide A and with resistance port (port
3) it is connected, connection waveguide A is rectangular waveguide, and microwave cavity 1, microwave cavity 3 are located at the side of connection waveguide A and microwave is humorous
Vibration chamber 1, microwave cavity 3 open end with connect waveguide A cavity be connected to, microwave cavity 2, microwave cavity 4 positioned at company
The other side of waveguide A is connect, and the open end of microwave cavity 2, microwave cavity 4 is connected to the cavity for connecting waveguide A;
Band resistance channel, comprising: microwave cavity 5, microwave cavity 6, microwave cavity 7, microwave cavity 8, connection wave
Lead B;
Microwave cavity 6, microwave cavity 8 are rectangular body cavity, open at one end, other end closing;
Microwave cavity 5, microwave cavity 7 be rectangular body cavity, both ends open, an open end of microwave cavity 5 with
The one end for connecting waveguide B is connected, one end of the connection waveguide B and connected, the microwave cavity 5 that connect waveguide A and public port
One end is connected with the other end for connecting waveguide B, the open end of the other end connection microwave cavity 6 of microwave cavity 5 and microwave
One open end of resonant cavity 7;Another open end connection 8 open end of microwave cavity of microwave cavity 7 and passband port
(port 2)
Microwave cavity 6, microwave cavity 8 are located at the side of connection waveguide B;
Connection waveguide A with to connect waveguide B vertical.
The present invention compared with the existing technology the advantages of be:
(1) the band separation function of standard, band circulation passage may be implemented in the complementary duplex implementation method that the present invention provides
It is just the transfer function and reflective function of the filter function of a standard with the transfer function with resistance channel.
(2) public port of the complementation duplex obtained using design method proposed by the present invention is within the scope of Whole frequency band
Match, any cascade can be carried out with the network of other functions.To realize the modularized design of microwave passive subsystem.
(3) complete complementary duplexer gives a kind of solution of restructural multiplexing, since its public port is with interior band
It can achieve matching outside, band resistance end also can achieve matching outside passband.So simply being connected using multiple complementary duplexers
It can be formed by multiplexer.And each passband of multiplexer can reuse.That is, multiplexer can be with playing with building blocks
Primary element is carried out splicing completion by method.These primary elements are exactly the complete complementary duplexer that this patent is related to.
(4) building for PIM test macro can also be realized using complementary duplexer.Utilize the frequency spectrum point of complete complementary duplexer
From the out of band signal that the output spectrum of system can be separated into logical inband signaling and intermodulation generation by characteristic.By band stray signal
Feed-in frequency spectrograph can complete the test of all intermodulation signal level.
(5) in super high power system, if the out of band signal of the output filter of system end is reflected back launching opportunity
It causes amplifier to burn, out of band signal can be drawn out to a high power load through band resistance channel using complete complementary duplexer.
Functionally out of band signal is to be supported absorption rather than return to source, to achieve the purpose that protect transmitter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention circuit diagram;
Fig. 2 is that machine of the present invention adds physical model figure;
Fig. 3 is structure of the invention expanded view;
Fig. 4 is performance curve of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is duplexer schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that duplexer of the present invention realizes frequency spectrum seperated schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is that duplexer of the present invention constitutes multiplexer component diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Basic ideas of the invention are as follows: propose a kind of microwave complementation duplexer, the duplexer be a three port microwaves without
Source device, including with circulation passage and with resistance channel.It is characterized by: when a broadband signal is by common end feed-in, duplex
The output with circulation passage of device is passband signal, and the output with resistance channel is the frequency spectrum except broadband signal rejecting passband signal
Signal.The band circulation passage of duplexer matched well in passband, matched well may be implemented in stopband outside passband, and common end exists
Matched well in Whole frequency band.The complementary duplexer can be realized the frequency spectrum separation or synthesis function of microwave frequency band.It can be used for
For measuring the spectrum component of the designated frequency band in a broadband signal, such as the measurement of passive intermodulation.Furthermore the duplex is used
Device constitutes multiplexer after cascading as basic module.Finally, the stopband channel output end in duplexer meets matched load, Ke Yishi
An existing absorbing mode filter.
The microwave of the present invention transmission characteristic that two channels may be implemented in complementary duplex entirely is a filter function
Transfer function and reflective function characteristic.It is characterized by: when a broadband signal is by common end feed-in, duplexer
Output with circulation passage is passband signal, and the output with resistance channel is that the frequency spectrum that broadband signal is rejected except passband signal is believed
Number, as shown in Figure 6.The complementary duplexer can be realized the frequency spectrum separation or synthesis function of microwave frequency band.It can be used for constructing
Test platform, for measuring the spectrum component of the designated frequency band in a broadband signal, such as the measurement of passive intermodulation.In addition,
Since the common end of the duplexer of the invention announced can accomplish the matched well in Whole frequency band, it is possible to use the duplexer
Multiplexer is constituted after cascading as basic module.Each channel of such multiplexer does not interfere with, can be with independent design.
Realize the restructural characteristic for passing through module flexible combination.It, can be with finally, the stopband channel output end in duplexer connects matched load
Realize an absorbing mode filter.The stopband signal of this filter will not return to source, but be supported via band resistance channel
It absorbs.Source can be returned to avoid the high-power signal of filter stop bend in high-power applications occasion burn transmitter.
To realize ideal full complementary characteristic, the filter transfer function with circulation passage and the filter transfer with resistance channel
Function is the transfer function and reflective function of a general Chebyshev filters function.Due to band logical channel reflection to source port
Signal will hinder channel output (vice versa) by band, so enter from the output end with circulation passage, the input resistance of source
Resist is 0.According to this phenomenon, the invention proposes the schematic circuit with circulation passage and with resistance channel is all used unit/terminal prototype
It is designed.Unit/terminal is to design single path filter schematic circuit obtained from the source impedance of hypothesis circuit is 0.As a result
Show this design method can interfering with each other to avoid two channels, realize the band circulation passage of duplexer good in passband
Match, matched well may be implemented in stopband outside passband.According to law of conservation of energy, the common end of duplexer be may be implemented in full range
With interior realization matched well.
For design method proposed by the present invention and schematic circuit, using a job in 12GHz, bandwidth 100MHz's is micro-
Complementary duplexer has carried out design verification to wave entirely.The band logical of duplexer and be all with poles extracting prototype solution with resistance channel.Most
Whole test result shows the band circulation passage for the duplexer completed using design method proposed by the present invention and schematic circuit in
Matched well may be implemented in the frequency range of bandwidth 100MHz by frequency of heart 12GHz, and transmission response is realized has a pair of of biography in band outside
Defeated zero point, it is consistent with the response of preset filter function.And good is realized in the frequency band except band connection frequency with resistance channel
Match, the reflective function response of simultaneous transmission function and preset filter function is consistent.Public port can be in entire frequency band
Realize matched well.The duplex realizes the band logical, with the complete complementary objective result of resistance.
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, series capacitance inductance resonant tank indicates a microwave resonator and the series electrical in parallel branch
Holding inductance resonant tank indicates a pole generation unit.Band circulation passage is generated by impedance transformer, connection transmission line section, pole
Unit is constituted.The schematic circuit that this example provides is a quadravalence generalized Chebyshev, containing there are two the channels of transmission zero
Setting.To band circulation passage, first unit is resonator element, is connected by one section of transmission line and second poles extracting unit
It connects, it is same to be connect by connecting transmission line section with third resonator element, it is last equally to pass through transmission line section and the 4th pole
Point extraction unit is connected.Band resistance channel is made of pole generation unit, impedance transformer, connection transmission line section.Its four compositions
Unit is poles extracting unit, is connected between four units by transmission line section.
The parallel connection circuit LC therein represents a resonance in the resonator of predeterminated frequency, due to using normalizing in design
Change processing, Ln*CnIt is only used for the resonance frequency f of description resonatorn, after the zero pole point resonance frequency in channel has been determined, then can obtain
?.And the calculating of the zero pole point resonance frequency of channel resonance is the unit/terminal condition by using generalized Chebyshev, root
It is finally found out according to zero-point obtaining filter integration method.By taking the complete complementary duplexer in example as an example, after renormalization, fnIt is excellent
Selected value range is between 11.85GHz to 13.15GHz.
Fig. 2 gives the corresponding Physical realization of schematic circuit.It is half of waveguide wave that preferred scheme, which is a length,
Long waveguide segment passes through transmission line (this example is rectangular waveguide) between resonator and connects, frequency, impedance and the company of all resonators
The length for connecing waveguide can be parsed by integrated approach to be obtained, and connection waveguide A, B here selects BJ120 standard waveguide, with 12GHz
Complete complementary duplexer for, the broadside preferred length of connection waveguide A, B are 19.05mm, and narrow side is preferably 9.525mm.It sets
The cavity length of each resonant cavity of meter is theoretically half of waveguide wavelength of resonant cavity, the center between two adjacent resonators
Distance between axles is 1 waveguide wavelength.But due to the influence of the physical phenomenons such as load, dispersion and superimposed effect.It will appear certain inclined
Difference.It needs to optimize it using optimization algorithm, in the product of actual processing, the preferred length value range of each resonant cavity exists
Between 13.1mm to 15.5mm, the spacing between preferably two adjacent resonators can make full complementation between 21mm~26mm
The filtering performance of duplexer is optimal.
Fig. 3 gives the sectional view of lower semi-cavity, and short circuited waveguide section (1) therein corresponds to the LC series connection in schematic circuit
Resonator, the length is the waveguide half-wavelengths at resonance frequency;Waveguide window (2) realizes waveguide impedance transformer.Connection
Connection transmission line (2) in waveguide (4) correspondence principle circuit.Processing method splits duplexer from the plane of symmetry of waveguide broadside.
Two symmetrical structures use the duplexer knot for being threadedly coupled docking realization needs after the completion of using metal cutting process technique respectively
Structure.For the alignment precision for guaranteeing two faces, shop bolt has been used in structure design.
Fig. 4 gives the frequency response characteristic of duplexer, and S21 therein indicates the transmission curve with circulation passage, i.e.,
Signal is inputted from port 1, and scattering parameter characteristic when exporting from port 2, S31 indicates the transmission curve with resistance channel, i.e. signal
It is inputted from port 1, scattering parameter characteristic when exporting from port 3, S11 indicates the input reflection curve of public port.It can by figure
To find out that the duplexer completes the separation of the inband signaling and out of band signal shown in fig. 5 by input spectrum in allocated frequency band
Function.Realize work functions shown in Fig. 6.
Several are cascaded using the complementary duplexer that design method above-mentioned obtains, can be obtained shown in Fig. 7
Microwave Multiplexer.
It can be seen that the present invention may be constructed an absorbing mode filter, the stopband signal of this filter will not be returned
Source, but via band resistance channel be supported absorption, be particularly suitable for space industry, high-power applications occasion can be to avoid filter
The high-power signal of wave device stopband returns to source and burns transmitter.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of microwave complementation duplexer, characterized by comprising: public port, passband port and stopband port, band circulation passage
Channel is hindered with band;One end with circulation passage and one end with resistance channel are as common end, and the other end with circulation passage is as passband
Port, the other end with resistance channel is as logical resistance port;When a broadband signal is by public port feed-in, passband signal by
Passband port exports, and the signal except passband is exported by stopband port;
Band circulation passage, comprising: connection waveguide Y 1, connection waveguide Y 2, connection waveguide Y 3, connection waveguide Y 4, connection waveguide Y 5, microwave
Resonator 1, microwave resonator 2, microwave resonator 3, microwave resonator 4;
Band resistance channel, comprising: connection waveguide X1, connection waveguide X2, connection waveguide X3, connection waveguide X4, connection waveguide X5, microwave
Resonator 5, microwave resonator 6, microwave resonator 7, microwave resonator 8;
Microwave resonator 1 includes: capacitor C1, inductance L1;
Microwave resonator 2 includes: capacitor C2, inductance L2;
Microwave resonator 3 includes: capacitor C3, inductance L3;
Microwave resonator 4 includes: capacitor C4, inductance L4;
One end of one end and connection waveguide X1 for connecting waveguide Y 1 connects public port, and the other end of connection waveguide Y 1 connects inductance
One end of L1 and one end of connection waveguide Y 2, the other end of inductance L1 are grounded by capacitor C1;
One end of the other end connection inductance L2 of waveguide Y 2 and one end of connection waveguide Y 3 are connected, the other end of inductance L2 passes through electricity
Hold C2 ground connection;
One end of the other end connection inductance L3 of waveguide Y 3 and one end of connection waveguide Y 4 are connected, the other end of inductance L3 passes through electricity
Hold C3 ground connection;
One end of the other end connection inductance L4 of waveguide Y 4 and one end of connection waveguide Y 5 are connected, the other end of inductance L4 passes through electricity
Hold C4 ground connection;
The other end for connecting waveguide Y 5 connects passband port;
Microwave resonator 5 includes: capacitor C5 and an inductance L5;
Microwave resonator 6 includes: capacitor C6 and an inductance L6;
Microwave resonator 7 includes: capacitor C7 and an inductance L7;
Microwave resonator 8 includes: capacitor C8 and an inductance L8;
Connect one end of the other end connection inductance L5 of waveguide X1, the other end of inductance L5 by capacitor C6 with connect waveguide X2's
One end is connected;
The other end of waveguide X2 is connected with one end of inductance L6 and connect one end of waveguide X3, the other end of inductance L6 passes through capacitor
C6 ground connection;
Connect one end of the other end connection inductance L7 of waveguide X3, the other end of inductance L7 by capacitor C7 with connect waveguide X4's
One end is connected;
The other end of waveguide X4 is connected with one end of inductance L8 and connect one end of waveguide X5, the other end of inductance L8 passes through capacitor
C8 ground connection;
The other end for connecting waveguide X5 connects stopband port.
2. a kind of microwave complementation duplexer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter transfer letter with circulation passage
It counts and the filter transfer function with resistance channel is the transfer function and reflective function of a general Chebyshev filters function,
Duplexer can be made to realize matched well in Whole frequency band;
If a generalized chebyshev multinomial is described by following formula:
Wherein, FN(ω)、PN(ω) is the N rank multinomial function determined according to demand, CN(ω) is by the two polynomial ratios
Determining function, n are the order of filter, and n=N is determined by Filter specification;ω is frequency variable, ωnIt is low for filter
The cutoff frequency of logical prototype, xnFor the centre frequency of working passband;
The reflective function S of the filter so described by the multinomial11Are as follows:
In formula, EN(w) multinomial is by | EN(w)|2=| FN(w)|2+|PN(w)|2It acquires;
Transfer function S with circulation passage21For
In formula, EN(ω) multinomial is by | EN(ω)|2=| FN(ω)|2+|PN(ω)|2It acquires;
Transfer function S with resistance channel31Then it is defined as
By law of conservation of energy, the reflective function of the public port of the duplexer:
|S11|2=1- | S21|2-|S31|2=0
That is, realizing matched well within the scope of Whole frequency band;
S11, S21, S31 are the Network characteristic parameters of multi-port network, and wherein S11 is reflective function, and S21 is transmission letter
Number, S31 is transfer function.
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CN112259943A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-22 | 清华大学 | Microwave transmission method based on frequency control and single-input multi-output microwave system |
CN113037240B (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-06-24 | 电子科技大学 | Wide adjustable range band elimination filter device with continuous frequency adjustable characteristic |
CN115275550B (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-03-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Miniaturized low insertion loss duplexer |
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