CN106784922A - Using the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of graphite cake - Google Patents
Using the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of graphite cake Download PDFInfo
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- CN106784922A CN106784922A CN201710082496.5A CN201710082496A CN106784922A CN 106784922 A CN106784922 A CN 106784922A CN 201710082496 A CN201710082496 A CN 201710082496A CN 106784922 A CN106784922 A CN 106784922A
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- fuel cell
- lithium battery
- graphite cake
- cell pack
- aluminium flake
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses one kind using the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of graphite cake, including lithium battery group, fuel cell pack and change compressing tablet charger；Fuel cell pack is made up of the fuel cell sheet of multiple arranged stackeds；Tank gasket seal is provided between two fuel cell sheets adjacent in fuel cell pack, tank gasket seal is respectively provided on two sides with an aluminium flake, a part for aluminium flake is clipped between two fuel cell sheets, another part of aluminium flake exposes to fuel cell sheet, and wiring post holes is provided with the exposed parts of aluminium flake；A thermocouple is fixed with positive pole graphite cake, thermocouple is connected to a temperature controller, control bypass manually is provided between lithium battery group and temperature controller；Fuel cell pack forms the first loop after two aluminium flakes are connected with lithium battery group and temperature controller；Second servo loop is formed after fuel cell pack, change compressing tablet charger and temperature controller series connection.Battery cold start-up at a lower temperature success can be realized in the case where battery structure is not changed.
Description
Technical field
It is used for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold start-up and heater the present invention relates to one kind.
Background technology
Contradiction between increasingly increased energy resource consumption demand and the fossil energy of increasingly depleted is highlighted all the more in recent years.Combustion
Chemical energy is converted into electric energy by material battery as a kind of clean energy resource reforming unit, thus with energy conversion higher
Efficiency.In numerous fuel cells, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells has that energy density is high, operating temperature is low, contamination-free is arranged
The advantages of putting, the focus as countries in the world research.But, the cold start-up ability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is its commercialization
One of Main Bottleneck technology in process.The solution of current Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold start-up problem mainly has following
It is several：1. electrical heating wire is arranged in inside battery, for example, electrical heating wire is arranged in membrane electrode surface or collector plate outside；2. exist
Outside batteries add circulating water heating system, are heated before cold start-up or to battery in start-up course；3. electricity is made full use of
The heat of electrochemical reaction release, realizes the self-starting of fuel cell in pond.For first two method, one is needed to battery
Structure is transformed, and two is that the arrangement of electrical heating wire can increase the internal resistance of cell, reduces battery performance, or even destruction membrane electrode.Pin
To the third method, research shows to be opened under higher temperature (about -5-0 DEG C) using the cold start-up mode of electric reaction heat
Move successfully, this Starting mode can not meet requirement in terms of fuel cell practical application.Therefore, PEM is improved
The technology of cold boot of fuel cell ability is also to be developed.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of using the logical direct current electrical heating pem fuel electricity of graphite cake
Pond cold-starting device, can realize battery cold start-up at a lower temperature success in the case where battery structure is not changed.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is proposed by the present invention a kind of using the logical direct current electrical heating PEM of graphite cake
Cold boot of fuel cell device, including lithium battery group, fuel cell pack and lithium battery become compressing tablet charger, the lithium battery group with
The fuel cell pack connection；The fuel cell pack is made up of the fuel cell sheet of multiple arranged stackeds；The fuel cell
In two fuel cell sheets adjacent in heap, on the positive pole graphite cake of one of fuel cell sheet with tank one side with it is another
Tank gasket seal, the both sides of the tank gasket seal are provided between one shiny surface of the negative pole graphite cake of fuel cell sheet
An aluminium flake is respectively equipped with, a part for the aluminium flake is clipped between two fuel cell sheets, and another part of the aluminium flake exposes
In fuel cell sheet, wiring post holes is provided with the exposed parts of the aluminium flake；A thermoelectricity is fixed with the positive pole graphite cake
Even, the thermocouple is connected to a temperature controller, and the temperature controller is thermistor relay-operated controller, the thermistor relay
Device controller includes electromagnetic relay, and the thermocouple is used to measure the temperature change of the positive pole graphite cake, plays control institute
State electromagnetic relay adhesive or release；Control manually is provided between the lithium battery group and the thermistor relay-operated controller
Bypass, the manual control bypass is provided with hand control switch；The fuel cell pack passes through two aluminium flakes and the lithium battery
The first loop is formed after group and the series connection of thermistor relay-operated controller；The fuel cell pack, lithium battery become compressing tablet charger
Second servo loop is formed with after thermistor relay-operated controller series connection；The lithium battery change compressing tablet charger is connected to described
Between fuel cell pack and the lithium battery group.
Further, in the present invention, the wiring post holes set on the aluminium flake is used to and wire is connected with bolt compresses.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
In the past in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Cold Start is studied, for how quickly to fuel cell heating,
What is be mainly in view of is the mode of heater strip and hot water, due to needing change battery structure to increased resistance, in addition, by heating
The speed of medium heating fuel cell is slow.Actual solution party of the present invention from Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Cold Start
Case is set out, and the heating element of a graphite cake inherently block ideal of fuel cell is made full use of, by experiment test graphite
The resistance value of plate and the resistance value of wire, design automatic control circuit specific to the present invention.Meanwhile, with lithium battery group to liquid
Graphite cake electrified regulation after nitrogen cooling so that the temperature rise of graphite cake demonstrates the feasibility of apparatus of the present invention quickly, thus.It is real
Existing technical solution of the present invention need not change battery self structure, not influence battery operating regime, add fraction of inexpensive device, change
Cause the logical direct current of lithium electricity to supply electricity to graphite cake and produce ohm heat to the fuel cell heating in Cold Start, so as to realize that battery exists
Cold start-up success under lower temperature.Suitable for on-vehicle fuel cold start-up and the application of other fuel cell start-ups.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view after aluminium flake insertion fuel cell sheet in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the top view after the insertion fuel cell sheet of aluminium flake shown in figure.
In figure：1- fuel cell packs, 2- thermocouples, 3- thermistor relay-operated controllers, 4- hand control switches, 5- lithiums
Battery pack, 6- lithium batteries become compressing tablet charger, 7- wiring post holes, 8- aluminium flakes, 91- positive pole graphite cakes, 92- negative pole graphite cakes, 10-
Tank gasket seal.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, described is specific
Embodiment is only explained to the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.
Mentality of designing of the invention is that a component indispensable in fuel cell is runner graphite cake, and it is used for supplying
Answer hydrogen or air and conduct electric current and heat.Accordingly, as conductor, the resistance of graphite cake is smaller, but compared to
This kind of good conductor of copper cash aluminum steel, in series circuit, graphite cake still can be as the heater element with resistance.And due to
The resistance value of graphite cake is smaller, so the heating power produced under certain voltage is relatively large.In the reality of fuel cell
In the application of border, direct current is directly led to graphite cake, can quickly and easily realize cold start-up.First, because heater element is used
Fuel cell component, therefore fuel cell structure need not be changed, with simple efficient advantage.Second, needed for mode of heating
The annex wanted is cheap and easily-available, reduces the cost of cold boot of fuel cell.Third, lithium battery transformation can be passed through by fuel cell
Piece charger charges to lithium battery group, realizes the independence of fuel cell system.
As shown in figure 1, proposed by the present invention a kind of cold using the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of graphite cake
Starter, including lithium battery group 5, fuel cell pack 1, thermocouple 2, temperature controller and hand control switch 4, and fuel cell
Heap 1 is that the lithium battery that lithium battery group 5 charges becomes compressing tablet charger 6, and the lithium battery group 5 is connected with the fuel cell pack 1.Institute
Fuel cell pack 1 is stated to be made up of the fuel cell sheet of multiple arranged stackeds.Two fuel electricity adjacent in the fuel cell pack 1
In the piece of pond, the one side on the positive pole graphite cake 91 of one of fuel cell sheet with tank is negative with another fuel cell sheet
It is provided with tank gasket seal 10 between the shiny surface of pole graphite cake 92, the tank gasket seal 10 is respectively provided on two sides with an aluminium
Piece 8 a, part for the aluminium flake 8 is clipped between two fuel cell sheets, and another part of the aluminium flake 8 exposes to fuel cell
Piece, as shown in Fig. 2 in order to reduce contact resistance, a wiring post holes 7 is opened on the exposed parts of aluminium flake 8, by copper conductor and aluminium
, to together, while the resistance in order to reduce wire, copper conductor should not be long for the bolt compresses of piece 8.As shown in figure 3, in the present invention,
Using the small aluminium flake 8 of resistance ratio graphite cake resistance, when fuel cell pack 1 is assembled, aluminium flake 8 and tank gasket seal 10 are extruded
Between the positive pole graphite cake 91 and negative pole graphite cake 92 of two neighboring fuel cell sheet.This two pieces of graphite cakes are not one group of fuel
Cell piece air flow channel graphite cake and hydrogen runner graphite cake but the air flow channel graphite cake of adjacent two briquette fuels cell piece are (just
Pole graphite cake 91) and hydrogen runner graphite cake (negative pole graphite cake 92).The purpose for the arrangement is that in order to prevent aluminium flake 8 from causing same
The harm that the both positive and negative polarity short circuit of fuel cell sheet is produced.As shown in figure 1, the thermocouple 2 is fixed with the positive pole graphite cake 91,
The thermocouple 2 is connected to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller is thermistor relay-operated controller 3, the thermistor after
Appliance controller 3 includes electromagnetic relay, and the thermocouple 2 is used to measure the temperature change of the positive pole graphite cake 91, plays
Control the electromagnetic relay adhesive or release.It is provided between the lithium battery group 5 and the thermistor relay-operated controller 3
Control bypass manually, the hand control switch 4 is arranged in the manual control bypass.The fuel cell pack 1 is by above-mentioned
Two aluminium flakes 8 form the first loop after being connected with the lithium battery group 5 and thermistor relay-operated controller 3, double in such as Fig. 1
Shown in chain-dotted line；The fuel cell pack 1, lithium battery becomes compressing tablet charger 6 and the thermistor relay-operated controller 3 is connected
After form second servo loop, shown in such as the dotted line in Fig. 1 and the double dot dash line being connected with dotted line；The lithium battery becomes compressing tablet charger
6 are connected between the fuel cell pack 1 and the lithium battery group 5, as shown by the solid lines of fig. 1.In the present invention, it is contemplated that heat
The problem of the thermometric degree of supercooling of galvanic couple 2 and the problem of 0.5 DEG C of 3 temperature measurement accuracy of combination thermistor relay-operated controller, setting heat
Quick resistance relay controller 3 work 1 DEG C of cryogenic temperature and simultaneously consider heating graphite cake (positive pole graphite cake 91) to
The problem of other graphite cakes and function of environment heat emission, the high temperature break-off signal for setting temperature controller is 10 DEG C.Through experiment measurement monolithic graphite
The resistance of plate is 2 Ω, and the operating voltage of monolithic lithium battery is 3.2V, two pieces of lithium battery series operating voltage 6.4V.According to P=
U2/ R, calculates heating power for 20.48W, and the temperature rise speed of experiment test graphite cake is 0.8 DEG C/s.
The present invention utilizes the course of work of the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of graphite cake such as
Under：
Using a few fuel cell sheet graphite cakes in lithium battery group 5 and fuel cell pack 1 (in a fuel cell sheet
Negative pole graphite cake 92 in one positive pole graphite cake 91 and the fuel cell sheet adjacent with the fuel cell sheet) and temperature controller (use
Include the quick resistance relay controller of electromagnetic relay) and hand control switch 4 connect.Hand control switch 4 is first closed,
Lithium battery group 5 and thermistor relay-operated controller 3 form closed-loop path, and the temperature for detecting fuel cell pack 1 is less than fuel
The normal start-up temperature of battery, the electromagnetic relay adhesive of temperature controller so that graphite cake and battery in fuel cell pack 1 are piled and closed
Circuit is closed, graphite cake produces ohm heat, heats graphite cake after being energized.When the heating-up temperature that thermocouple detects graphite cake is higher than
During thermistor relay-operated controller design temperature, the electromagnetic relay release of thermistor relay-operated controller disconnects graphite
The power-on circuit of plate.The fuel cell environment temperature that graphite cake after electrified regulation is caused is higher than the temperature that fuel cell normally starts
Degree.After heated some piece fuel cell sheets are successfully started up, fuel cell chemically react self generation heat continue heat
Whole fuel cell pack 1, until fuel cell pack 1 is successfully started up.And the electric energy that fuel cell pack 1 is produced can be by lithium battery
Become compressing tablet charger 6 to be charged to lithium battery group 5, be easy to cold start-up next time.
The present invention does not change battery itself from the actual solution of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Cold Start
Structure, does not influence battery operating regime, adds fraction of inexpensive device, is transformed into the logical direct current of lithium electricity and supplies electricity to graphite cake and produces ohm
Heat is to the fuel cell heating in Cold Start.
Although above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, invention has been described, the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific implementation
Mode, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematical, and rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art is at this
Under the enlightenment of invention, without deviating from the spirit of the invention, many variations can also be made, these belong to of the invention
Within protection.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of utilization graphite cake, including lithium battery group (5), Fuel cell pack (1) and lithium battery become compressing tablet charger (6), and the lithium battery group (5) is connected with the fuel cell pack (1)； The fuel cell pack (1) is made up of the fuel cell sheet of multiple arranged stackeds；It is characterized in that：In the fuel cell pack (1) in two adjacent fuel cell sheets, the positive pole graphite cake of one of fuel cell sheet (91) it is provided with tank between one side and the shiny surface of the negative pole graphite cake (92) of another fuel cell sheet with tank on close Gasket (10), the tank gasket seal (10) is respectively provided on two sides with an aluminium flake (8), the part folder of the aluminium flake (8) Between two fuel cell sheets, another part of the aluminium flake (8) exposes to fuel cell sheet, in the outer of the aluminium flake (8) Dew part is provided with wiring post holes (7)；A thermocouple (2) is fixed with the positive pole graphite cake (91), the thermocouple (2) is connected to a temperature controller, the temperature Control device is thermistor relay-operated controller (3), and the thermistor relay-operated controller (3) is described including electromagnetic relay Thermocouple (2) is used to measure the temperature change of the positive pole graphite cake (91), plays the control electromagnetic relay adhesive or releases Put；Control bypass, the manual control manually are provided between the lithium battery group (5) and the thermistor relay-operated controller (3) System bypass is provided with hand control switch (4)；The fuel cell pack (1) is by two aluminium flakes (8) and the lithium battery group (5) and thermistor relay-operated controller (3) the first loop is formed after connecting；The fuel cell pack (1), lithium battery become compressing tablet charger (6) and the thermistor relay-operated controller (3) series connection After form second servo loop；The lithium battery becomes compressing tablet charger (6) and is connected between the fuel cell pack (1) and the lithium battery group (5).
- 2. according to claim 1 using the logical direct current electrical heating Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells cold-starting device of graphite cake, its It is characterised by：The wiring post holes (7) set on the aluminium flake (8) with bolt compresses with wire being connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710082496.5A CN106784922B (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2017-02-15 | Cold starting device for heating proton exchange membrane fuel cell by using graphite plate to supply direct current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710082496.5A CN106784922B (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2017-02-15 | Cold starting device for heating proton exchange membrane fuel cell by using graphite plate to supply direct current |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106784922A true CN106784922A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106784922B CN106784922B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109686996A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | A kind of quick cold-starting device and method of fuel cell |
| CN109904487A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of graphite bi-polar plate fuel battery and its vehicle |
| CN115000461A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell stack cold start system and low-temperature cold start control method |
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| CN109904487A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of graphite bi-polar plate fuel battery and its vehicle |
| CN109686996A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） | A kind of quick cold-starting device and method of fuel cell |
| CN115000461A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell stack cold start system and low-temperature cold start control method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106784922B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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