CN106782720B - A kind of system and method for heating and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam - Google Patents

A kind of system and method for heating and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106782720B
CN106782720B CN201710115011.8A CN201710115011A CN106782720B CN 106782720 B CN106782720 B CN 106782720B CN 201710115011 A CN201710115011 A CN 201710115011A CN 106782720 B CN106782720 B CN 106782720B
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steam
outlet
temperature
electric boiler
reactor
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CN106782720A (en
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刘俊峰
高景辉
张亚夫
孟颖琪
王红雨
马晓珑
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D3/00Control of nuclear power plant
    • G21D3/08Regulation of any parameters in the plant
    • G21D3/12Regulation of any parameters in the plant by adjustment of the reactor in response only to changes in engine demand
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D3/00Control of nuclear power plant
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of system and methods for being heated and being cooled down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam,The outlet of reactor is connected with steam generator side entrance,The entrance of reactor is connected with steam generator side outlet,The secondary side outlet of steam generator is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator,The outlet of steam-water separator is connected with the entrance of steam by-pass,The outlet of steam by-pass is connected with the entrance of the entrance of condenser and oxygen-eliminating device,The high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator,The reduced temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler is connected with the secondary side entrance of steam generator,The system and method can realize quick response of the start and stop heaping equipment in the normal shutdown process of unit,Being quickly cooled down for reactor can be realized under unit failure operating mode,And the reliability and safety during high temperature gas cooled reactor Unit Commitment is higher.

Description

A kind of system and method for heating and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of nuclear power, are related to a kind of system for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment And method.
Background technology
Ball bed modular high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power station start and stop heaping equipment is mainly used to adjust nuclear island steam in start-up course Generator exports steam parameter meets steam turbine and starts requirement, and pass-out steam generator exports steam is to condensing during shutdown Device takes away the heat of reactor generation and ensures the cooling requirement of steam generator and reactor.During Unit Commitment heap, With the variation of reactor capability, steam generator outlet working medium experience subcooled water, steam water two phase flow, saturated vapor and overheat are steamed Four kinds of phase transformations of vapour, wherein following working medium variation by start and stop heaping equipment come dynamic adjusting machine group parameter.For this purpose, how to improve start and stop The quick response mechanism that heaping equipment follows reactor capability to change, which becomes, ensures high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power generating sets safe and stable operation Important leverage.The mentality of designing that the prior art uses heats vapour for the stand-by heat by the use of extracted steam from turbine as start and stop heaping equipment Source, in unit hot starting, hot start or stoppage in transit, which can reduce start and stop heaping equipment high-temperature pipe wall temperature and steam generation The temperature difference of device outlet vapor is conducive to the quick input of start and stop heaping equipment.But at least there are following drawbacks for the designing scheme:Steamer Machine steam extraction need to could be put into after Steam Turbine start completion, which is helpless to during unit starting utilize outside Heat source can reduce core using the steam extraction of steam turbine high-quality to improve the quick response of start and stop heaping equipment as heating vapour source The efficiency of utilization of motor group.
Invention content
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of utilization auxiliary steam and adds hot and cold But the system and method for start and stop heaping equipment, the system and method can realize start and stop heaping equipment in the normal shutdown process of unit Quick response can realize being quickly cooled down for reactor, and high temperature gas cooled reactor Unit Commitment process under unit failure operating mode In reliability and safety it is higher.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the system of the present invention for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment is included Reactor, steam generator, steam-water separator, steam by-pass, condenser, oxygen-eliminating device and auxiliary electric boiler;
The outlet of reactor is connected with steam generator side entrance, the entrance of reactor and steam generator One time side outlet is connected, and the secondary side outlet of steam generator is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator, steam-water separator Outlet is connected with the entrance of steam by-pass, and the outlet of steam by-pass is connected with the entrance of the entrance of condenser and oxygen-eliminating device, The high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator, assists reduced temperature steam outlet and the steaming of electric boiler The secondary side entrance of vapour generator is connected.
The high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator by high-temperature steam valve group.
The reduced temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler is connected with the secondary side entrance of steam generator by Low Temperature Steam valve group It is logical.
The outlet of steam by-pass is connected with the entrance of oxygen-eliminating device by oxygen-eliminating device valve group.
Steam generator is shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
High-temperature steam valve group, oxygen-eliminating device valve group and Low Temperature Steam valve group by be sequentially connected logical non-return valve, shut-off valve and Regulating valve.
The method of the present invention for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment is included the following steps:
The flow heated during unit starting is:When reactor initial start, first will assist electric boiler output low temperature Steam is filled in the secondary side of steam generator, and the Low Temperature Steam enters condensing through steam-water separator, steam by-pass successively In device;With the promotion of reactor capability, when the working medium of steam generator output is changed into steam water two phase flow and temperature by cold water When identical with the temperature of Low Temperature Steam, then cut off auxiliary electric boiler reduced temperature steam outlet and steam generator secondary side entrance it Between contact, after the reacted heap heating of outlet working medium in steam generator secondary side, the outlet of steam generator secondary side When working medium is converted to superheated steam, the outlet working medium of steam generator secondary side enters successively through steam-water separator, steam by-pass Into condenser, the heating to unit is realized;
Cooling process is during unit shutdown:Reactor opens auxiliary electric boiler, works as reactor export during shutdown Vapor (steam) temperature when being more than or equal to the high-temperature steam temperature of auxiliary electric boiler high-temperature steam outlet output, then to assist electric boiler height The high-temperature steam of warm steam (vapor) outlet output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam-water separator, and the steam of the output of steam-water separator is through steam It bypasses into condenser;When the vapor (steam) temperature of reactor export is less than the high temperature of auxiliary electric boiler high-temperature steam outlet output During vapor (steam) temperature, then contacting between the high-temperature steam outlet and steam-water separator that assist electric boiler is closed, open auxiliary grill pan Contacting between the reduced temperature steam outlet and steam generator of stove, with the Low Temperature Steam that electric boiler reduced temperature steam outlet is assisted to export It is filled in steam generator as low-temperature receiver, the steam of steam generator output enters successively through steam-water separator and steam by-pass In condenser, the cooling of reactor is realized;
When emergency shut-down under reactor accident operating mode, then auxiliary electric boiler is opened, electric boiler Low Temperature Steam to be assisted to go out The Low Temperature Steam of mouth output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam generator, and the steam of steam generator secondary side output is successively through carbonated drink Separator and steam by-pass are entered in condenser, while the Low Temperature Steam is sent out in the secondary side of steam generator with steam The primary side of raw device carries out heat exchange, realizes the cooling of reactor.
The invention has the advantages that:
The system and method for the present invention for heating and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam, in unit starting mistake Cheng Zhong is filled with by the Low Temperature Steam that electric boiler is assisted to export in the secondary side of steam generator, the steaming of steam generator output Vapour is entered through steam-water separator and steam by-pass in condenser successively again, so as to fulfill to steam generator, steam-water separator, Steam by-pass, condenser and the pipeline between them are preheated, and the temperature of each equipment is made to go out as early as possible close to steam generator The temperature of mouth working medium greatly shortens the startup time of reactor, realizes start and stop heaping equipment in the normal shutdown process of unit Quick response, while in unit Cooling at reactor shutdown, by assist high-temperature steam that electric boiler exports and Low Temperature Steam be used as it is cold Source cooling start and stop heaping equipment, makes the temperature of start and stop heaping equipment quickly reduce, and greatly shortens the time of reactor shutdown, simultaneously When emergency shut-down under reactor accident operating mode, then the Low Temperature Steam directly exported by electric donkey boiler is used as low-temperature receiver, makes to open The temperature of shutdown equipment quickly reduces, and ensures safe and stable, the reliability service of equipment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 it is reactor, 2 be steam generator, 3 be steam-water separator, 4 be steam by-pass, 5 be condenser, 6 is Auxiliary electric boiler, 7 be Low Temperature Steam valve group, 8 be high-temperature steam valve group, 9 be oxygen-eliminating device valve group, 10 be oxygen-eliminating device.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
With reference to figure 1, the system of the present invention for being heated and being cooled down start and stop heaping equipment using auxiliary steam includes reactor 1st, steam generator 2, steam-water separator 3, steam by-pass 4, condenser 5, oxygen-eliminating device 10 and auxiliary electric boiler 6;Reactor 1 goes out Mouth is connected with a side entrance of steam generator 2, and the entrance of reactor 1 is connected with a side outlet of steam generator 2 Logical, the secondary side outlet of steam generator 2 is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator 3, by the outlet of steam-water separator 3 and steam The entrance on road 4 is connected, and the outlet of steam by-pass 4 is connected with the entrance of the entrance of condenser 5 and oxygen-eliminating device 10, assists grill pan The high-temperature steam outlet of stove 6 is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator 3, and the reduced temperature steam outlet and steam for assisting electric boiler 6 are sent out The secondary side entrance of raw device 2 is connected.
The high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler 6 is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator 3 by high-temperature steam valve group 8; The reduced temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler 6 is connected with the secondary side entrance of steam generator 2 by Low Temperature Steam valve group 7;It steams The outlet of vapour bypass 4 is connected with the entrance of oxygen-eliminating device 10 by oxygen-eliminating device valve group 9;Steam generator 2 is shell-and-tube heat exchanger; High-temperature steam valve group 8, oxygen-eliminating device valve group 9 and Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 are by being sequentially connected logical non-return valve, shut-off valve and adjusting Valve.
The method of the present invention for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment is included the following steps:
The flow heated during unit starting is:When 1 initial start of reactor, first auxiliary electric boiler 6 is exported low Warm steam is filled in the secondary side of steam generator 2, and the Low Temperature Steam enters successively through steam-water separator 3, steam by-pass 4 In condenser 5;With the promotion of 1 power of reactor, when the working medium that steam generator 2 exports is changed into steam water two phase flow by cold water And temperature it is identical with the temperature of Low Temperature Steam when, then cut off reduced temperature steam outlet and the steam generator 2 two times of auxiliary electric boiler 6 Contact between side entrance, after the reacted heap 1 of outlet working medium in 2 secondary side of steam generator heats, steam generator 2 two When the outlet working medium of secondary side is converted to superheated steam, the outlet working medium of 2 secondary side of steam generator successively through steam-water separator 3, Steam by-pass 4 is entered in condenser 5, realizes the heating to unit;
Cooling process is during unit shutdown:Reactor 1 opens auxiliary electric boiler 6, when reactor 1 during shutdown When the vapor (steam) temperature of outlet is more than or equal to the high-temperature steam temperature of auxiliary electric boiler 6 high-temperature steam outlet output, then to assist electricity The high-temperature steam of 6 high-temperature steam outlet of boiler output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam-water separator 3, the output of steam-water separator 3 Steam is entered through steam by-pass 4 in condenser 5;When the vapor (steam) temperature that reactor 1 exports is less than auxiliary 6 high-temperature steam of electric boiler When exporting the high-temperature steam temperature of output, then the connection between the auxiliary high-temperature steam outlet of electric boiler 6 and steam-water separator 3 is closed Contacting between the auxiliary reduced temperature steam outlet of electric boiler 6 and steam generator 2 is opened, to assist 6 Low Temperature Steam of electric boiler by system The Low Temperature Steam of outlet output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam generator 2, and the steam that steam generator 2 exports is successively through carbonated drink point It is entered in condenser 5 from device 3 and steam by-pass 4, realizes the cooling of reactor 1;
When emergency shut-down under 1 accident conditions of reactor, then auxiliary electric boiler 6 is opened, to assist 6 Low Temperature Steam of electric boiler The Low Temperature Steam of outlet output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam generator 2, and the steam of 2 secondary side of steam generator output passes through successively Steam-water separator 3 and steam by-pass 4 are entered in condenser 5, while the Low Temperature Steam is in the secondary side of steam generator 2 Heat exchange is carried out with the primary side of steam generator 2, realizes the cooling of reactor 1.
Embodiment one
By taking certain domestic high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power generating sets as an example, the nuclear power station is mainly by two modular high temperature gas cooled reactor and one Platform Turbo-generator Set is formed, and the utilizable auxiliary steam of the unit is provided by an auxiliary electric boiler 6, the auxiliary electric boiler 6 carry a steam superheater, can continuously provide the vapour source of two kinds of different parameters:Nominal parameter for 41.3t/h, 1.5MPa and 260 DEG C of Low Temperature Steam and nominal parameter is 4t/h, 2.0MPa and 350 DEG C of high-temperature steam, below in conjunction with application project to this Invention specific implementation step is described as follows:
1. heating procedure 1 during unit starting:Low Temperature Steam → Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 → steaming that electric boiler 6 is assisted to export 4 → condenser of vapour generator 2 → steam-water separator, 3 → steam by-pass 5;
1) reactor 1 starts to start, and the outlet working medium of steam generator 2 is subcooled water, pressure 13.9MPa, and temperature is 105℃;Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 is opened, adjusting auxiliary 6 reduced temperature steam outlet pressure of electric boiler by Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 is 1.5MPa, temperature are 260 DEG C, simultaneously turn on steam by-pass 4 to the pipeline of condenser 5, start to carry out pre-warm to start and stop heaping equipment;
2) reactor 1 starts power per liter, meets demand for heat by adjusting steam flow Jing Guo Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 Amount, after the 13% of 1 power ascension of reactor to full power, the outlet working medium of steam generator 2 is steam water two phase flow, and pressure is 13.9MPa, temperature are 260 DEG C, close Low Temperature Steam valve group 7, start and stop heaping equipment pre-warm terminates.
2. heating procedure 2 during unit starting:High-temperature steam → high-temperature steam 8 → vapour of valve group that electric boiler 6 is assisted to export 9 → oxygen-eliminating device of separator 3 → steam by-pass, 4 → oxygen-eliminating device valve group 10;
1) for the power ascension of reactor 1 to the 36% of full power, the outlet working medium of steam generator 2 is superheated steam, is pressed Power is 13.9MPa, and temperature is 400 DEG C, and steam-water separator 3 is isolated, and is adjusted by steam by-pass 4 and maintains steam turbine steam inlet condition will It asks, steam turbine starts red switch, grid-connected and on-load;
2) power of reactor 1 is continued to lift up to the 45% of full power, and steam by-pass 4 is beaten to the path blockade of condenser 5 Oxygen-eliminating device valve group 9 is opened, the pressure of adjustment auxiliary 6 high-temperature steam outlet of electric boiler is 2.0MPa, and temperature is 350 DEG C, passes through auxiliary The high-temperature steam outlet of electric boiler 6 is filled with stand-by heat steam into steam-water separator 3, and recycling steam discharge heats for oxygen-eliminating device 10.
3. cooling process 1 is during unit shutdown:High-temperature steam → steam-water separator 3 → steaming that electric boiler 6 is assisted to export Vapour bypasses 4 → condenser 5;
Cooling process 2 is during unit shutdown:Low Temperature Steam → Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 → steaming that electric boiler 6 is assisted to export 4 → condenser of vapour generator 2 → steam-water separator, 3 → steam by-pass 5;
When the power of 1 initial shutdown of reactor is 45%-the 100% of full power, oxygen-eliminating device valve group 9 is closed, conducting is steamed Vapour bypass 4 begins to cool down start and stop heaping equipment, performs cooling process 1 to the pipeline of condenser 5;When the power of reactor 1 is down to completely Power less than 45% when, open Low Temperature Steam valve group 7, simultaneously close off high-temperature steam valve group 8, confirm steam by-pass 4 to condensing The pipeline conducting of device 5, performs cooling process 2;When the initial shutdown power of reactor 1 is less than 45% full power, directly Perform cooling process 2.
4. unit failure operating mode cooling process 3 is:Low Temperature Steam → Low Temperature Steam valve group 7 that auxiliary electric boiler 6 exports → 4 → condenser of steam generator 2 → steam-water separator, 3 → steam by-pass 5.
Unit failure operating mode needs emergency shut-down and exports 1 waste heat of reactor as early as possible, opens Low Temperature Steam valve group 7, and conducting is steamed Vapour bypass 4 performs cooling process 3, while cooling steam 2 secondary side of generator, takes away steam generation to the pipeline of condenser 5 The heat of 2 primary side of device, to reach the export to 1 waste heat of reactor.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of system for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment, which is characterized in that including reactor (1), steam Vapour generator (2), steam-water separator (3), steam by-pass (4), condenser (5), oxygen-eliminating device (10) and auxiliary electric boiler (6);
The outlet of reactor (1) is connected with a side entrance of steam generator (2), and entrance and the steam of reactor (1) are sent out Side outlet of raw device (2) is connected, and the secondary side outlet of steam generator (2) is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator (3) Logical, the outlet of steam-water separator (3) is connected with the entrance of steam by-pass (4), outlet and the condenser (5) of steam by-pass (4) Entrance and the entrance of oxygen-eliminating device (10) be connected, the high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler (6) and entering for steam-water separator (3) Mouth is connected, and the reduced temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler (6) is connected with the secondary side entrance of steam generator (2);
The high-temperature steam outlet of auxiliary electric boiler (6) is connected with the entrance of steam-water separator (3) by high-temperature steam valve group (8) It is logical;
Steam generator (2) is shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
2. the system according to claim 1 for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment, which is characterized in that auxiliary The reduced temperature steam outlet of electric boiler (6) is helped to be connected with the secondary side entrance of steam generator (2) by Low Temperature Steam valve group (7) It is logical.
3. the system according to claim 2 for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment, which is characterized in that steam The outlet of vapour bypass (4) is connected with the entrance of oxygen-eliminating device (10) by oxygen-eliminating device valve group (9).
4. the system according to claim 3 for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment, which is characterized in that high Warm steam valve group (8), oxygen-eliminating device valve group (9) and Low Temperature Steam valve group (7) are by being sequentially connected logical non-return valve, shut-off valve and tune Save valve group into.
A kind of 5. method for being heated using auxiliary steam and cooling down start and stop heaping equipment, which is characterized in that based on described in claim 1 Using auxiliary steam heat and cool down start and stop heaping equipment system, include the following steps:
The flow heated during unit starting is:When reactor (1) initial start, electric boiler (6) will first be assisted to export low Warm steam is filled in the secondary side of steam generator (2), and the Low Temperature Steam is successively through steam-water separator (3), steam by-pass (4) It enters in condenser (5);With the promotion of reactor (1) power, when the working medium that steam generator (2) exports is changed by cold water During for steam water two phase flow and temperature identical with the temperature of Low Temperature Steam, then cut off auxiliary electric boiler (6) reduced temperature steam outlet with Contact between steam generator (2) secondary side entrance, the reacted heap of outlet working medium in steam generator (2) secondary side (1) after heating, when the outlet working medium of steam generator (2) secondary side is converted to superheated steam, steam generator (2) secondary side Outlet working medium is entered through steam-water separator (3), steam by-pass (4) in condenser (5) successively, realizes the heating to unit;
Cooling process is during unit shutdown:Reactor (1) opens auxiliary electric boiler (6), works as reactor during shutdown (1) vapor (steam) temperature in exit be more than or equal to auxiliary electric boiler (6) high-temperature steam outlet output high-temperature steam temperature when, then with The high-temperature steam of auxiliary electric boiler (6) high-temperature steam outlet output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam-water separator (3), steam-water separator (3) steam of output is entered through steam by-pass (4) in condenser (5);When the vapor (steam) temperature in reactor (1) exit is less than When assisting the high-temperature steam temperature of electric boiler (6) high-temperature steam outlet output, then the high-temperature steam for closing auxiliary electric boiler (6) goes out Mouthful with steam-water separator (3) between contact, open auxiliary electric boiler (6) reduced temperature steam outlet and steam generator (2) it Between contact, using assist electric boiler (6) reduced temperature steam outlet export Low Temperature Steam be filled with steam generator (2) as low-temperature receiver In, the steam of steam generator (2) output is entered through steam-water separator (3) and steam by-pass (4) in condenser (5) successively, Realize the cooling of reactor (1);
When emergency shut-down under reactor (1) accident conditions, then auxiliary electric boiler (6) is opened, electric boiler (6) low temperature to be assisted to steam The Low Temperature Steam of vapor outlet output is filled with as low-temperature receiver in steam generator (2), the steam of steam generator (2) secondary side output It is entered in condenser (5) through steam-water separator (3) and steam by-pass (4) successively, while the Low Temperature Steam is in steam generation Heat exchange is carried out with the primary side of steam generator (2) in the secondary side of device (2), realizes the cooling of reactor (1).
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CN108278590B (en) * 2018-03-14 2023-08-01 西安热工研究院有限公司 System and method for shutdown cooling of high-temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant
CN109767852B (en) * 2019-02-22 2024-06-04 西安热工研究院有限公司 Two-loop safety system for reactor emergency shutdown and working method thereof
CN110010254B (en) * 2019-04-29 2024-06-14 西安热工研究院有限公司 System and method for three-loop steam-water separation of sodium-cooled fast reactor
CN115083646B (en) * 2022-06-23 2023-06-27 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 Method for rapidly cooling steam generator after emergency shutdown of high-temperature gas cooled reactor

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