CN106781986A - A kind of fire test device and method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway - Google Patents
A kind of fire test device and method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway Download PDFInfo
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- CN106781986A CN106781986A CN201710114889.XA CN201710114889A CN106781986A CN 106781986 A CN106781986 A CN 106781986A CN 201710114889 A CN201710114889 A CN 201710114889A CN 106781986 A CN106781986 A CN 106781986A
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fire test device and method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway.Described device includes multi-thread transfer subway station model, smoke control system and fire test system；The multi-thread transfer subway station model includes station A, station B, station C and station D, opening or closing and realize multi-thread transfer for the stair between by adjusting station and transferring passage；The smoke exhaust fan that the smoke control system includes the smoke discharging pipe in each space for being arranged on the multi-thread transfer subway station model and is connected with the smoke discharging pipe；The fire test system, for the Gas Parameters detected under fire condition and is monitored treatment.Present invention research flue gas passes through the Diffusion Law of multiple transferring passages and stair to multiple websites, and the smoke-discharging and ventilating network allocation of the amount of air and smoke control scheme of multiple smoke bays, the diffusion of fire the condition of a disaster can be efficiently controlled, the injures and deaths of personnel are reduced, damage to property is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire test technical field, more particularly, to a kind of fire for the multi-thread transfer station of subway
Calamity experimental rig and method.
Background technology
At present, three line transfer stations and four line transfer stations exist in the subway gauze in the cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou
Build or put into effect, and the research on subway station Fire Smoke Control is mostly focused on single line station, two line transfer stations
The research method that also use only numerical computations, existing research object is not directed to three lines or four line transfer stations.
For single line station, existing research mainly takes model experiment, full-scale experiment and numerical computations to establish ground
Ceiling maximum temperature model when iron station platform, subway concourse and station tunnel fire, the longitudinal temperature distributed model of ceiling jet and
Top portion ventilation smoke exhaust method；For two line transfer stations, existing research mainly proposes fire feelings using the method for numerical computations
Two station ventilation smoke exhaust linked manner under condition.
The structure type of multi-thread transfer station is increasingly complex, the general variation transfer changed to using passage transfer and stair
Mode, existing research lacks fire smoke and passes through the diffusion model of multiple transferring passages and stair to multiple websites.
The structure type of multi-thread transfer station determines that the numbers of branches and structure of its ventilation network are increasingly complex, existing to grind
Study carefully subway concourse smoke evacuation system, platform smoke exhaust system, transferring passage smoke evacuation system and the station tunnel section of track for lacking multi-thread transfer station
Ventilation network allocation of the amount of air data and Fire Smoke Control scheme under system interlink effect.
The content of the invention
The present invention is provided and a kind of overcomes above mentioned problem or being changed for subway to be multi-thread of solving the above problems at least in part
The fire test device and method of boarding station.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of fire test device for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, including：
Multi-thread transfer subway station model, smoke control system and fire test system；
The multi-thread transfer subway station model, including station A, station B, station C and station D, for by adjusting
State station A, station B, station C and station D stair and transferring passage open or close realize two lines transfer, three lines transfer and four
The function of line transfer；
The smoke control system, including it is arranged on the smoke discharging pipe in each space of the multi-thread transfer subway station model
And the smoke exhaust fan being connected with the smoke discharging pipe, in case of fire by the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Interior poisonous and harmful flue gas is discharged；
The fire test system, for detecting the flue gas temperature under fire condition in the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Degree, concentration and velocity information, and centralized displaying, monitoring are carried out to the flue-gas temperature, concentration and velocity information and is processed.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of fire test method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, including：
S1, flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO under detection subway station fire condition2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed
Degree；
S2, based on the flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, relatively more different smoke evacuations
The flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO under pattern2The difference of the situation of change of concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, it is determined that just
Step purging mode；
S3, based on the preliminary purging mode, the smoke exhaust fan opened in the subway station is discharged fume, and according to cigarette
Gas situation of change adjusts exhaust air rate；
S4, based on the different exhaust air rate, detects different flue-gas temperatures, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and
Flow of flue gas speed, it is determined that final purging mode.
The present invention proposes a kind of fire test device and method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, is changed for subway is multi-thread
Boarding station building structure is complicated, the diversified feature of transfer manner, using the temperature probe, the concentration that are distributed in different smoke bays
The information, research such as the temperature of flue gas, concentration and gas flow rates under acquisition probe and measuring wind speed probe acquisition fire condition
When different smoke bays occur fire, flue gas passes through the Diffusion Law of multiple transferring passages and stair to multiple websites, Yi Jiduo
The smoke-discharging and ventilating network allocation of the amount of air and smoke control scheme of individual smoke bay, can efficiently control the diffusion of fire the condition of a disaster,
The injures and deaths of reduction personnel, reduce damage to property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of fire test schematic device for the multi-thread transfer station of subway of the invention；
Fig. 2 is multi-thread transfer subway station model schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is multi-thread transfer subway station model B1 floor map of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the multi-thread layer plane schematic diagram of transfer subway station model underground two of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is multi-thread transfer subway station model F3/B3 floor map of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the 1-1 generalized sections of multi-thread transfer subway station model of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the 2-2 generalized sections of multi-thread transfer subway station model of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the 3-3 generalized sections of multi-thread transfer subway station model of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is multi-thread transfer subway station model station tunnel bottom smoke discharging pipe profilograph of the present invention；
Figure 10 is multi-thread transfer subway station model station tunnel bottom smoke discharging pipe drawing in side sectional elevation of the present invention；
Figure 11 shows for multi-thread transfer subway station model B1 subway concourse public area top smoke evacuation system of the present invention
It is intended to；
Figure 12 shows for the multi-thread waiting hall public area of transfer subway station model underground two top smoke evacuation system of the present invention
It is intended to；
Figure 13 is that two layers of multi-thread transfer subway station model underground of the present invention station tunnel top smoke evacuation system is illustrated
Figure；
Figure 14 (a) is multi-thread transfer subway station model F3/B3 platform public area top smoke evacuation system of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Figure 14 (b) is multi-thread transfer subway station model station tunnel top smoke evacuation system schematic diagram of the present invention；
Figure 15 is multi-thread transfer subway station model platform of the present invention and subway concourse cable for measuring temperature, wind speed and flue gas concentration
Point layout schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.Hereinafter implement
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of fire test device for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, including：Multi-thread transfer subway
Stand model, smoke control system and fire test system；
The multi-thread transfer subway station model, including station A, station B, station C and station D, for by adjusting
State station A, station B, station C and station D stair and transferring passage open or close realize two lines transfer, three lines transfer and four
The function of line transfer；
The smoke control system, including it is arranged on the smoke discharging pipe in each space of the multi-thread transfer subway station model
And the smoke exhaust fan being connected with the smoke discharging pipe, in case of fire by the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Interior poisonous and harmful flue gas is discharged；
The fire test system, for detecting the flue gas temperature under fire condition in the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Degree, concentration and velocity information, and centralized displaying, monitoring are carried out to the flue-gas temperature, concentration and velocity information and is processed.
The present embodiment for the multi-thread transfer station building structure of subway is complicated, the diversified feature of transfer manner, using point
The temperature of cloth flue gas in the case where the temperature probe of different smoke bays, concentration acquisition probe and measuring wind speed probe obtain fire condition
The information such as degree, concentration and gas flow rates, when studying different smoke bays fire occurring, flue gas pass through multiple transferring passages and
Diffusion Law from stair to multiple websites, and multiple smoke bay smoke-discharging and ventilating network allocation of the amount of air and flue gas controlling party
Case, can effectively control the diffusion of fire the condition of a disaster, reduce the injures and deaths of personnel, reduce damage to property.
As shown in figure 1, the smoke control system is located in the multi-thread transfer subway station model, the fire test system
A part for system is located in the multi-thread transfer subway station model, and another part can be in the multi-thread transfer subway station mould
Realized outside type.
In one embodiment, the multi-thread transfer subway station model includes the station A and station B, " ten of parallel station
The station B and station D of station C and station D and " L-type " transfer of word " transfer or " T-shaped " transfer.As shown in Fig. 2 the car
Stand can be by adjusting stair and transferring passage between A, station B, tetra- stations of station C and station D opening and closing realize that two lines are changed
Multiply, three lines transfer and four lines transfer function.
The station A of multi-thread transfer subway station model described in the present embodiment, station B, station C and station D can
To meet the different types of vehicle (A types car and Type B car) for organizing into groups quantity, the station structure shown in Fig. 2 is it to regulation its length
Type of vehicle corresponding to middle one kind, i.e. station A, station B and station C is 6 Type B cars of marshalling, the vehicle corresponding to the D of station
Pattern is 8 A type cars of marshalling.To improve the economy and operability of multi-thread transfer station model experiment, the size at station
According to the 1 of actual size：10 carry out scaled down.Certainly, can be reduced according to other ratios in actual implementation, drawdown ratio
Example depends on the demand of experiment, and the present embodiment is not especially limited to this.
Fig. 2-Figure 15 is the related description to the multi-thread transfer subway station model in present invention implementation.But the present invention
The fire test method not limited to this experimental model of the multi-thread transfer station of subway, can apply to actual subway system
In two line transfer stops, three line transfer stops and four line transfer stops, fire fire-fighting is instructed.
As shown in figure 3, the top (ground floor) of the multi-thread transfer subway station model is station hall layer, wherein station A
It is parallel interchange station with station B, two stations share a subway concourse, and station C and station D is " cross " transfer station, two stations
Share a subway concourse.Stair 1 and stair 2 are the gateway that station A leads to ground with the public subway concourses of station B, stair 7 and stair 8
Lead to the gateway on ground for station C and the public subway concourses of station D, stair 3 and stair 4 are that transferring passage leads between two public subway concourses
Toward the gateway on ground so that transferring passage can play transfer effect, and can enter administrative staff by the gateway of transferring passage
Evacuation, passenger flow control.
Fig. 4 is the multi-thread transfer subway station model underground first floor plan, and Fig. 5 is the multi-thread transfer subway station
Model F3/B3 plan, Fig. 6 is the 1-1 cross-sectional views of the multi-thread transfer subway station model, is marked in corresponding diagram 2
1 vertical structure, Fig. 7 is the 2-2 cross-sectional views of the multi-thread transfer subway station model, bottom mark 2 in corresponding diagram 2
Transversary, Fig. 8 is the 3-3 cross-sectional views of the multi-thread transfer subway station model, in corresponding diagram 2 mark 3 transverse direction
Structure.Wherein, stair 9 and stair 10 lead to the stair of subway concourse for the platform of station A, and stair 11 and stair 12 are the station of station B
Platform leads to the stair of subway concourse, and two platforms can realize transfer function by stair in public subway concourse；Stair 5 and stair 6 are station C's
Platform leads to the stair of subway concourse, and stair 13, stair 14 and stair 15 lead to the stair of subway concourse for the platform of station D, and stair 16 are
The stair that the platform of station C and the platform of station D are changed to mutually so that station C and station D can be changed by public subway concourse
Multiply, directly can also be changed to by the transfer stair between two platforms.
In one embodiment, by closing the transferring passage between two public subway concourses, parallel station and " ten are capable of achieving
The two lines transfer function of word " transfer.
The stair or the stair towards station B towards station A of subway concourse are shared by closing the station A and station B, it is real
Now it is provided simultaneously with three line transfer functions of " cross " and " T-shaped " transfer；Or
Two exit stairways of subway concourse and the stair of the station C are shared by closing the station C and station D, it is real
Now it is provided simultaneously with three line transfer functions of parallel station and " T-shaped " transfer；Or
Opened by by all transferring passages and stair, realization is provided simultaneously with " cross " transfer, parallel station and " T-shaped " and changes
The four line transfer functions of multiplying.
It is embodied as：Stair 9, stair 10 or stair 11, stair 12 are closed, " cross " and " T-shaped " transfer is capable of achieving
Three lines transfer function；Stair 5, stair 6 and stair 16 are closed, the three lines transfer work(of parallel station and " T-shaped " transfer is capable of achieving
Can, all transferring passages and stair are opened, it is capable of achieving the four lines transfer work(of " cross " transfer, parallel station and " T-shaped " transfer
Energy.
In one embodiment, the smoke control system includes：
At the top of the platform and subway concourse of the station A, station B, station C and station D multiple first is separately positioned on to discharge fume
Blower fan, first smoke exhaust fan connects the first smoke discharging pipe, and the bottom of first smoke discharging pipe is provided with some exhaust openings；
And
It is separately positioned on subway tunnel bottom and top the second smoke discharging pipe of multiple, the two ends point of second smoke discharging pipe
The second smoke exhaust fan is not connected with, and some exhaust openings are provided with second smoke discharging pipe.
In the present embodiment, the smoke bay of the multi-thread transfer subway station model includes platform, subway concourse public area and car
Stand tunnel.Station subway concourse, platform public area use top purging mode, smoke exhaust fan and covering platform, the smoke discharging pipe of subway concourse
It is connected, smoke discharging pipe bottom is provided with some exhaust openings, fire condition down smoke-discharging blower fan passes through exhaust opening by poisonous and harmful cigarette
Gas is extracted out.The platform of the multi-thread transfer subway station model, subway concourse top smoke evacuation system are carried out according to the pattern at actual station
Design, installation, a plurality of smoke discharging pipe is equably arranged and subway concourse, platform top.
Figure 11 is two smoke discharging pipe artworks of public subway concourse, and fan interface is reserved at smoke discharging pipe two ends respectively, while
Adjustable air-valve is set in the middle part of smoke discharging pipe, to realize that the control model spread to the diffusion of large area flue gas and local flue gas is entered
Row research, because the transferring passage between two subway concourses is more long, transferring passage top uses independent smoke evacuation system, so that can be right
Flue gas control in transferring passage is studied.Smoke discharging pipe with subway concourse is similar, Figure 12 and Figure 14 (a) be station A, station B,
The platform smoke exhaust pipeline artwork of station C and station D, exhaust opening is evenly distributed in platform headroom.
As shown in Figure 10, station tunnel is combined using platform bottom smoke evacuation system and station tunnel top smoke evacuation system
Ventilation smoke exhaust pattern, smoke exhaust fan is installed by in-orbit smokejack two ends, and flue is longitudinally uniformly arranged multiple exhaust openings, by row
Mouth discharges flue gas.
Fig. 9 be station tunnel bottom smoke discharging pipe profilograph, Figure 13 and Figure 14 (b) be station A, station B, station C and
The station tunnel top flue schematic diagram of station D.
In one embodiment, the fire test system include data monitoring device, the data monitoring device with set
Put and communicated in the flue-gas temperature detection system in subway station smoke controlling area, flue gas concentration detection system and wind speed detection system
Connection.The flue-gas temperature detection system, for detecting flue-gas temperature under fire condition, and the flue-gas temperature is sent to institute
State data monitoring device；The flue gas concentration detection system is for detecting flue gas concentration under fire condition and the flue gas is dense
Degree is sent to the data monitoring device；The wind speed detection system, for detecting under fire condition fresh sky at each gateway
Gas and is sent to the data monitoring device air velocity to the air velocity of conflagration area.The data monitoring dress
Put, the information for receiving the flue-gas temperature detection system, flue gas concentration detection system and wind speed detection system, and to the letter
Breath is shown and is analyzed and processed.
Data monitoring device described in the present embodiment can be the intelligent terminal with communication function, including PC, intelligent hand
Machine, panel computer etc..The communication connection can be wireless connection, it is also possible to wired connection, and the present invention does not make specific limit to this
It is fixed.
The analyzing and processing includes：The data monitoring device is to the temperature not in the same time, under different vent flow that receives
Degrees of data information, concentration data information and air speed data information are compared, and concurrently set different purging modes, and simulation is different
Flue-gas temperature under exhaust air rate under each purging mode, the difference between flue gas concentration and wind speed, and determine flue gas control method.
In one embodiment, the flue-gas temperature detection system includes：It is arranged on the multi-thread transfer subway station mould
Some temperature probes at the top of type, the temperature probe connects temperature measurement module, the temperature measurement module and the data monitoring device
It is communicatively coupled；The temperature probe, for perceiving flue-gas temperature；The temperature measurement module, for by the temperature probe sense
The flue-gas temperature known is converted into temperature data information and is sent to the data monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the flue gas concentration detection system includes：Set at along evacuation path human eye height
Some concentration acquisition probes, the concentration acquisition probe connects concentration analysis module, the concentration analysis module and the data
Monitoring device is communicatively coupled；The concentration acquisition probe, for gathering flue gas concentration；The concentration analysis module, is used for
Flue gas concentration to concentration acquisition probe collection is analyzed acquisition concentration data information, and by the concentration data information
It is sent to the data monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the wind speed detection system includes：It is arranged at stair middle part and each station entrance-exit
Some measuring wind speed probes, the measuring wind speed probe connection anemobiagraph, the anemobiagraph is carried out with the data monitoring device
Communication connection；Measuring wind speed probe, for measuring the wind speed at stair, and measures at each gateway fresh air to fire
The air velocity in region.
In one embodiment, the flue-gas temperature detection system includes temperature probe and temperature measurement module, a thermometric mould
Block connects the temperature probe of tens or more, the flue-gas temperature conversion temperature data message for respectively perceiving each temperature probe
It is sent to the data monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the flue gas concentration detection system includes concentration acquisition probe and concentration analysis module, one
Individual concentration analysis module connects the concentration acquisition probe of tens or more, the flue gas for respectively gathering each concentration acquisition probe
In related gas concentration information conversion concentration data information be sent to the data monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the wind speed detection system includes that measuring wind speed is popped one's head in and anemobiagraph, and an anemobiagraph connects
The measuring wind speed probe of tens or more is connect, the wind speed by each measuring wind speed probe in different position measurements is converted respectively
Air speed data information is sent to the data monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the fire test system also includes burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system；
The burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system, for producing burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and carries out Power Control to the burning things which may cause a fire disaster；The burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system
System includes that gas fire generation system and liquid pool fire occur system；
The gas fire generation system includes fuel gas, gas reservoir, flexible pipe, flowmeter, tempering valve and burner, uses
In generation gas burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and Power Control is carried out to the gas burning things which may cause a fire disaster；
The liquid pool fire occurs system includes fuel oil, balance, PLASTIC LAMINATED, stainless steel oil tray and igniter, for producing
Oil generation pond burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and Power Control is carried out to the oil sump burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
Power Control is carried out to gas burning things which may cause a fire disaster include specifically, described：Adjustment flowmeter is met with controlling fire source power：
Wherein, Q is fire source power, and χ is the efficiency of combustion of the fuel gas,It is the mass flow of the fuel gas
(g/s), converted using the volume flow of the fuel gas, Δ H is the calorific value (kJ/g) of the fuel gas；
It is described Power Control is carried out to oil sump burning things which may cause a fire disaster to include：Adjust the species and the stainless steel oil tray of the fuel oil
Area is met with controlling fire source power：
Q=χ m Δs H
Wherein, Q is fire source power, and χ is the efficiency of combustion of the fuel oil, and m is the combustion by balance measurement in real time
Material mass loss rate (g/s), Δ H is the calorific value (kJ/g) of the fuel oil.
Specific embodiment of the invention includes the line transfer station fire test of first embodiment two, the line of second embodiment three
Transfer station fire test and the line transfer station fire test of 3rd embodiment four；And for reduces cost, each fire-fighting system with
Communication connection between data monitoring device uses cable to connect or holding wire connection；And the thermometric electricity mentioned in embodiment
Cable includes cable and the temperature probe being connected on the cable, and the cable is that one end is connected with temperature measurement module, and passes through
The temperature measurement module is connected to numerical value harvester；The anemobiagraph is multichannel anemometer, and the data monitoring device is electricity
Brain.
The line transfer station fire test of the first embodiment two, is first shut off the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Transferring passage between two public subway concourses, realizes the two line transfer functions of parallel station and " cross " transfer；The present embodiment is adopted
Sample " cross " transfer station platform fire is tested.Specific implementation step is as follows：
1. fire location is chosen, burning things which may cause a fire disaster point is set the platform middle part of D AT STATION, burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system is placed on platform
Middle part.
2., using the fuel of various smoke amounts such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, gasoline or liquefied gas, liquid pool fire or gas fire conduct are manufactured
Burning things which may cause a fire disaster, burning things which may cause a fire disaster is placed on the fiery source location of selection, is simulated in the luggage platform on fire that passenger carries in Measurement channel
Other equipment fire scenario on fire.
3. distributed temperature measuring cable is installed into C, the platform of station D and public subway concourse, stair 5, stair 6, stair AT STATION
13rd, the ceiling lower section of stair 14, stair 15 and stair 16；One end connection temperature measurement module of the cable for measuring temperature, the thermometric mould
Block connects computer.
4. the measuring wind speed probe of wind speed detection system is arranged on stair 5, stair 6, stair 13, stair 14, stair 15
At 1/3 height of the center line of stair 16, all measuring wind speed probe connection anemobiagraphs, the anemobiagraph is connected by holding wire
To computer.
5. will be used to gathering flue gas concentration and visibility concentration acquisition probe install the platform of C and station D AT STATION and
At 1/3 ceiling height of public subway concourse, stair 5, stair 6, stair 13, stair 14, stair 15 and the center line of stair 16, Suo Younong
Degree acquisition probe is connected and connects concentration analysis module, and the concentration analysis module is connected to computer by signal transmssion line.
6. the smoke exhaust fan of station D platform smoke exhausting pipe at top roads one end is opened, several exhaust smoke level is set；
7. flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, the visibility in the platform and public subway concourse of station C and station D are gathered
With flow of flue gas speed.
8. the blower fan for opening platform smoke exhausting pipe at top road one end of station C is blown, and opens the platform top row of station D
The blower fan of smoke pipeline one end is discharged fume, and sets several different exhaust smoke level.
9. flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, the visibility in the platform and public subway concourse of station C and station D are gathered
With flow of flue gas speed.
10. flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed in the case of every kind of purging mode are compared
Difference, primarily determine that smoke exhaust efficiency ventilating system linkage pattern higher.
11. according to the method for step 8, is once again set up the ventilation higher to the smoke exhaust efficiency chosen in step 10 of various air quantity
System interlink pattern is optimized, it is determined that final purging mode prioritization scheme.
The line transfer station fire test of the second embodiment three, is first shut off the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Certain platform and the transfer stair and transferring passage of subway concourse, realize two line transfer functions, while including " cross " transfer and " T-shaped "
Transfer；Realize that three lines are changed to " cross " transfer and " T-shaped " the simultaneous three lines transfer station of transfer.Specific implementation step is such as
Under：
1. stair 9 and stair 10 are closed so that experimental model has " cross " transfer and the car of station C and station D simultaneously
Stand " T-shaped " transfer mode of B and station D.
2. fire location is chosen, burning things which may cause a fire disaster point is set the platform middle part of B AT STATION, burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system is placed on platform
Middle part.
3., using the fuel of various smoke amounts such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, gasoline or liquefied gas, liquid pool fire or gas fire conduct are manufactured
Burning things which may cause a fire disaster, burning things which may cause a fire disaster is placed on the fiery source location of selection, is simulated in the luggage platform on fire that passenger carries in Measurement channel
Other equipment fire scenario on fire.
4. distributed temperature measuring cable is installed into B, the platform of station C and station D and public subway concourse, stair 1- stair AT STATION
The ceiling lower section of 8 and stair 11- stair 16, one end connection temperature measurement module of the cable for measuring temperature, the temperature measurement module connection electricity
Brain.
5. the measuring wind speed probe of wind speed detection system is arranged on stair 1- stair 8 and the center line of stair 11- stair 16
1/3 height locate, all measuring wind speeds probe connects anemobiagraphs, and the anemobiagraph is connected to computer by holding wire.
6. by for gathering, the concentration acquisition probe of flue gas concentration and visibility installs B, station C AT STATION and station D stands
At 1/3 ceiling height of platform and public subway concourse, stair 1- stair 8 and the center line of stair 11- stair 16, all concentration acquisition probes
Concentration analysis module is connected and connects, the concentration analysis module is connected to computer by signal transmssion line.
7. the smoke exhaust fan of station B platform smoke exhausting pipe at top roads one end is opened, several exhaust smoke level is set；
8. gather the flue-gas temperature in station B, the platform and public subway concourse of station C and station D, CO and CO2 concentration, can see
Degree and flow of flue gas speed.
9. the blower fan for opening the subway concourse smoke exhausting pipe at top road one end above the B platforms of station is blown, and opens B platforms top
The blower fan of smoke discharging pipe one end is discharged fume, and sets several different air quantity；
10. collection station B, the flue-gas temperature of the platform of station C and station D and public subway concourse, CO and CO2 concentration, can see
Degree and flow of flue gas speed.
The blower fan of smoke exhausting pipe at top road one end of 11. subway concourses for opening station B platforms top subway concourse and station C and station D
Blown, the blower fan for opening platform smoke exhausting pipe at top road one end of station B is discharged fume, several different air quantity is set.
12. collection station B, the flue-gas temperature in the platform and public subway concourse of station C and station D, CO concentration, CO2 concentration,
Visibility and flow of flue gas speed.
13. compare flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed in the case of every kind of purging mode
Difference, primarily determine that smoke exhaust efficiency ventilating system linkage pattern higher.
14. according to step 9 and the method for step 11, be once again set up various air quantity to the smoke exhaust efficiency chosen in step 13 compared with
Ventilating system linkage pattern high is optimized, it is determined that final purging mode prioritization scheme.
The line transfer station fire test of 3rd embodiment of the present invention four, is first turned on multi-thread transfer subway station model
All transferring passages and transfer stair, realize parallel station, " cross " transfer and " T-shaped " transfer four line transfer functions.Tool
Body implementation steps are as follows：
1. fire location is chosen, the small size train model that 8 sections organize into groups A type vehicles is placed the station tunnel of D AT STATION
It is interior.
2., using the fuel of various smoke amounts such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, gasoline or liquefied gas, liquid pool fire or gas fire conduct are manufactured
Burning things which may cause a fire disaster, burning things which may cause a fire disaster is placed on the roadbed of train bottom, and simulation train rests in station tunnel or in running tunnel fortune on fire
Go to fire scenario during station tunnel.
3. distributed temperature measuring cable is installed the station tunnel of D AT STATION, the station of station A, station B, station C and station D
Platform, public subway concourse and stair ceiling lower section, one end connection temperature measurement module of the cable for measuring temperature, the temperature measurement module connection electricity
Brain.
4. by the measuring wind speed probe of wind speed detection system at 1/3 height of stair center line, all wind speed are surveyed
Amount probe connection anemobiagraph, the anemobiagraph is connected to computer by holding wire.
5. A, station B, station C and car AT STATION will be installed for gathering the concentration acquisition probe of flue gas concentration and visibility
Stand D platform, public subway concourse and stair center line 1/3 ceiling height at, all concentration acquisition probes are connected and connect concentration
Analysis module, the concentration analysis module is connected to computer by signal transmssion line.
6. it is closed station D platform screen doors, opens the top and bottom Smoke of platform D station tunnels
Machine, sets several exhaust smoke level.
7. flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and the flow of flue gas speed in collection station D station tunnels.
8. open the shield door that D station tunnel in station stops train head position, other shield doors still in closed mode,
The top and bottom smoke exhaust fan of platform D station tunnels is opened, several exhaust smoke level is set.
9. flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and the flow of flue gas speed in collection station D station tunnels.
10. the opening and closing pattern of shield door in step 8 is kept, the top and bottom smoke exhaust fan of platform D station tunnels is opened
Discharged fume, opened other station platforms, the blower fan of subway concourse is blown, several air quantity is set.
11. collection station D station tunnels, the flue gas in the platform and public subway concourse of station A, station B, station C and station D
Temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed.
12. open whole shield doors that station D station tunnels train stops side, open the top of platform D station tunnels
With bottom smoke exhaust fan, several exhaust smoke level is set.
13. collection station D station tunnels, the flue gas in the platform and public subway concourse of station A, station B, station C and station D
Temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed.
The 14. opening and closing patterns for keeping shield door in step 12, open the top and bottom smoke exhaust fan of station D station tunnels
Discharged fume, opened other station platforms, the blower fan of subway concourse is blown, several air quantity is set.
15. collection station D station tunnels, the flue gas in the platform and public subway concourse of station A, station B, station C and station D
Temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed.
16. compare flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed in the case of every kind of purging mode
Difference, primarily determine that smoke exhaust efficiency ventilating system linkage pattern higher.
17., according to the method for step 6, step 8, step 10, step 12 and step 14, are once again set up various air quantity to step
The smoke exhaust efficiency of selection ventilating system linkage pattern higher is optimized in 16, it is determined that final four line transfer station trains fire
Calamity purging mode prioritization scheme.
Based on the line transfer station fire test of first embodiment two, the line transfer station fire test of second embodiment three and
Three example IV line transfer station fire tests, the present invention also provides a kind of simulated fire fire-fighting method of subway station, including：
S1, flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO under detection subway station fire condition2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed
Degree；
S2, based on the flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, relatively more different smoke evacuations
The flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO under pattern2The difference of the situation of change of concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, it is determined that just
Step purging mode；
S3, based on the preliminary purging mode, the smoke exhaust fan opened in the subway station is discharged fume, and is set not
Same exhaust air rate；
S4, based on the different exhaust air rate, detects different flue-gas temperatures, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and
Flow of flue gas speed, it is determined that final purging mode.
Specifically, the platform subway concourse top purging mode of the purging mode including the subway station, tunnel bottom and
Top purging mode and linkage purging mode；It is described linkage purging mode include platform subway concourse top purging mode in whole or
Part smoke removal facility, all or part of smoke removal facility in integrating tunnel bottom and top purging mode carries out the mould of joint smoke evacuation
Formula.
The present invention is directed to the multi-thread transfer station building structure complexity of subway, the diversified feature of transfer manner, using distribution
Temperature probe, concentration acquisition probe in different smoke bays and measuring wind speed probe obtain the temperature of flue gas under fire condition,
The information such as concentration and gas flow rates, when studying different smoke bays generation fire, flue gas passes through multiple transferring passages and building
Diffusion Law from ladder to multiple websites, and multiple smoke bay smoke-discharging and ventilating network allocation of the amount of air and smoke control scheme,
The diffusion of fire the condition of a disaster can be efficiently controlled, the injures and deaths of personnel are reduced, damage to property is reduced.
Finally, the present processes are only preferably embodiment, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fire test device for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, it is characterised in that including：Multi-thread transfer subway station
Model, smoke control system and fire test system；
The multi-thread transfer subway station model, including station A, station B, station C and station D, for by adjusting the car
Stand A, station B, station C and station D stair and transferring passage open or close realize two lines transfer, three lines transfer and four lines change
The function of multiplying；
The smoke control system, including be arranged on each space of the multi-thread transfer subway station model smoke discharging pipe and
The smoke exhaust fan being connected with the smoke discharging pipe, in case of fire by the multi-thread transfer subway station model
Poisonous and harmful flue gas is discharged；
The fire test system, for detect flue-gas temperature under fire condition in the multi-thread transfer subway station model,
Concentration and velocity information, and centralized displaying, monitoring are carried out to the flue-gas temperature, concentration and velocity information and is processed.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the station A, station B, station C and station D can be by tune
Save the type of vehicle that the length of itself meets different marshalling quantity；
The multi-thread transfer subway station model also includes 16 stair, is led to by the transfer closed between two public subway concourses
Road, realizes the two line transfer functions of parallel station and " cross " transfer；Or
The stair or the stair towards station B towards station A of subway concourse are shared by closing the station A and station B, is realized same
When possess three line transfer functions of " cross " and " T-shaped " transfer；Or
Two exit stairways of subway concourse and the stair of the station C are shared by closing the station C and station D, is realized same
When possess three line transfer functions of parallel station and " T-shaped " transfer；Or
Opened by by all transferring passages and stair, realization is provided simultaneously with " cross " transfer, parallel station and " T-shaped " transfer
Four lines change to function.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the smoke control system includes：
Multiple first smoke exhaust fans at the top of the platform and subway concourse of the station A, station B, station C and station D are separately positioned on,
First smoke exhaust fan connects the first smoke discharging pipe, and the bottom of first smoke discharging pipe is provided with some exhaust openings；And
Subway tunnel bottom and top the second smoke discharging pipe of multiple are separately positioned on, the two ends of second smoke discharging pipe connect respectively
The second smoke exhaust fan is connected to, some exhaust openings are provided with second smoke discharging pipe.
4. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the fire test system includes data monitoring device, flue gas
Temperature-sensing system, flue gas concentration detection system and wind speed detection system；
The flue-gas temperature detection system, for detecting flue-gas temperature under fire condition, and the flue-gas temperature is sent to institute
State data monitoring device；
The flue gas concentration detection system, for detecting flue gas concentration under fire condition, and the flue gas concentration is sent to institute
State data monitoring device；
The wind speed detection system, for detecting under fire condition the gas velocity of fresh air at each gateway to conflagration area
Degree, and the air velocity is sent to the data monitoring device；
The data monitoring device, for receiving the detection of the flue-gas temperature detection system, flue gas concentration detection system and wind speed
The information of system, and described information is shown and analyzed and processed；
The data monitoring device and the flue-gas temperature detection system, the flue gas concentration detection system that are arranged on subway station smoke controlling area
System and wind speed detection system are communicatively coupled.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the flue-gas temperature detection system includes：It is arranged on described many
Some temperature probes at the top of line transfer subway station model, the temperature probe connects temperature measurement module, the temperature measurement module with
The data monitoring device is communicatively coupled；
The temperature probe, for perceiving flue-gas temperature；
The temperature measurement module, for the flue-gas temperature that the temperature probe is perceived to be converted into temperature data information and institute is sent to
State data monitoring device.
6. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the flue gas concentration detection system includes：Along evacuation path
Human eye highly locates some concentration acquisition probes for setting, and the concentration acquisition probe connects concentration analysis module, the concentration point
Analysis module is communicatively coupled with the data monitoring device；
The concentration acquisition probe, for gathering flue gas concentration；
The concentration analysis module, for being analyzed acquisition concentration data to the flue gas concentration that the concentration acquisition probe is gathered
Information, and the concentration data information is sent to the data monitoring device.
7. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the wind speed detection system includes：Be arranged on stair middle part and
Some measuring wind speeds probe at each station entrance-exit, measuring wind speed probe connection anemobiagraph, the anemobiagraph with it is described
Data monitoring device is communicatively coupled；
Measuring wind speed probe, for measuring the wind speed at stair, and measures at each gateway fresh air to conflagration area
Air velocity.
The anemobiagraph, for the air velocity at the measuring wind speed probe to be converted into air speed data information, and will be described
Air speed data information is sent to the data monitoring device.
8. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the fire test system also includes burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system, uses
In generation burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and Power Control is carried out to the burning things which may cause a fire disaster；The burning things which may cause a fire disaster control system includes gas fire generation system and oil sump
Fiery generation system；
The gas fire generation system includes fuel gas, gas reservoir, flexible pipe, flowmeter, tempering valve and burner, for producing
Angry body burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and power to the gas burning things which may cause a fire disaster is controlled；
The liquid pool fire occurs system includes oil plant, balance, PLASTIC LAMINATED, stainless steel oil tray and igniter, for producing oil sump
Burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and power to the oil sump burning things which may cause a fire disaster is controlled.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described Power Control is carried out to gas burning things which may cause a fire disaster to include：Adjustment stream
Gauge is met with controlling fire source power：
Wherein, Q is fire source power, and χ is the efficiency of combustion of the fuel gas,It is the mass flow (g/ of the fuel gas
S), converted using the volume flow of the fuel gas, Δ H is the calorific value (kJ/g) of the fuel gas；
It is described Power Control is carried out to oil sump burning things which may cause a fire disaster to include：Adjust the species of the fuel oil and the area of the stainless steel oil tray
To control fire source power, meet：
Q=χ m Δs H
Wherein, Q is fire source power, and χ is the efficiency of combustion of the fuel oil, and m is the fuel matter by balance measurement in real time
Amount loss speed (g/s), Δ H is the calorific value (kJ/g) of the fuel oil.
10. a kind of fire test method for the multi-thread transfer station of subway, it is characterised in that including：
S1, flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO under detection subway station fire condition2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed；
S2, based on the flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, under relatively more different purging modes
The flue-gas temperature, CO concentration, CO2The difference of the situation of change of concentration, visibility and flow of flue gas speed, it is determined that preliminary smoke evacuation
Pattern；
S3, based on the preliminary purging mode, the smoke exhaust fan opened in the subway station is discharged fume, and is become according to flue gas
Change situation adjusts exhaust air rate；
S4, based on the different exhaust air rate, detects different flue-gas temperatures, CO concentration, CO2Concentration, visibility and flue gas stream
Dynamic speed, final purging mode is determined according to the optimum efficiency that flue gas is controlled.
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| CN113236333A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Semi-underground atrium subway station fire ventilation and smoke exhaust system and method |
| CN113593336A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-11-02 | 清华大学 | Two-station one-interval fire simulation system for subway |
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