CN106781944A - A kind of ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106781944A CN106781944A CN201611190027.7A CN201611190027A CN106781944A CN 106781944 A CN106781944 A CN 106781944A CN 201611190027 A CN201611190027 A CN 201611190027A CN 106781944 A CN106781944 A CN 106781944A
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- polyvinyl alcohol
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/286—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for scanning or photography techniques, e.g. X-rays, ultrasonics
Abstract
Ultrasonic puncture experimental model the invention discloses a kind of pH regulation and control and preparation method thereof, the model includes the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material and rubber bead that are placed in mould, wherein polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material simulated human tissue, rubber bead simulation tumor tissues；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material is wrapped in around rubber bead.The ultrasonic puncture experimental model hydrogel of pH of the present invention regulation and control is evenly distributed, and circulation, conversion between can realizing hydrogel solution by adjusting pH；Experimental model preparation method of the present invention is simple, low cost entrant sound effect is good；Hydrogel in experimental model of the present invention is easily recycled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, it is related to a kind of teaching experiment model, more particularly to a kind of pH regulation and control
Ultrasonic puncture experimental model and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Type B ultrasonic technique has extensive clinical practice, is determined for the physical property of space occupying lesion, detection internal organs
Form, size and structure, detection blood flow, detect hydrops, the guiding of follow-up, intervention and intraoperative ultrasound etc..Type B ultrasound is using ultrasound
The information that the physical characteristic of ripple and the acoustic characteristic of human tissue organ interact and produce, forms figure and song after treatment
Line, carries out a kind of PE method of medical diagnosis on disease whereby.In checking process, the reflected signal of human interface is changed first
It is strong and weak different luminous point, these luminous points can be displayed by fluorescent screen, the intuitive of this method is good, repeated strong, can
For front and rear contrast.Because the technology has not damaged, no pain, radiationless, real-time, quick, accurate, convenient advantage, in recent years
There is more universal application come the B ultrasonic diagnostic techniques of clinically cell pathology inspection, pleural effusion etc., for example, worn in kidney
In thorn biopsy, doctor generally by ultrasonic ((B ultrasonic)) image guiding operation renal puncture biopsy, passes through not cut off the hands in puncture process
It is dynamic to adjust biopsy needle handle to improve puncture precision.But the method requirement doctor has certain practical operation experience, and needs many people
Compounding practice, time and effort consuming, and pain and the generation of secondary disease of patient can be aggravated.Therefore, sampled to reach raising biopsy
The purpose of precision and efficiency reduces the interaction of pin and tissue during aspiration biopsy, it is necessary to be that soft tissue is studied
Power, reduces the deformation of pin and tissue, meanwhile, prepare the prosthetic material close with tissue and done simulated exercises puncture skill for curing scholar
Art, to improve the puncture proficiency of doctor etc. and puncture precision.
Polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinyl alcohol, abbreviation PVA) be it is a kind of by polyvinyl acetate hydrolyze and
Water-soluble polymer containing a large amount of polar hydroxyl groups on strand.Because strand easily forms hydrogen bond, and its chain structure is symmetrically advised
It is whole, therefore with good film forming, water solubility, emulsibility and cohesiveness, but with its high resiliency, chemical stability, be easy into
Type, it is biodegradable, nontoxic, have no adverse reaction, and the compatibility good with tissue is obtained in biomedical various aspects
To being widely applied.Polyvinyl alcohol has mechanical strength and toughness higher, also with abundant manufacturing process, can be using bag
The methods such as electrostatic spinning, salting out method, chemical synthesis, phase separation method, freeze-drying, gas foaming method are included, water can be prepared into
The suitable three-dimensional-structure such as gel, film, nanofiber.Because PVA hydrogels are in addition to the performance for possessing general hydrogel, especially have
It is toxic low, good mechanical performance ((high elastic modulus and mechanical strength high)), water absorption high and good biocompatibility, thoroughly super
The advantages of sound, thus gain great popularity, the maximum water-soluble polymer of yield in the world has been turned at present.PVA hydrogels are in biology
Purposes in terms of medical science and experiment widely, can be as artificial skin, the artificial substitute such as artificial muscle.
PVA hydrogels are typically to be obtained after adding borax or glutaraldehyde cross-linking by the PVA aqueous solution, but borax reaction is too fast
The hydrogel of acquisition is uneven, and glutaraldehyde is organic aldehyde compound, volatile and toxic.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution：In order to overcome the defect of prior art, the present invention to replace biological soft group from PVA hydrogels
Knit as exercise prosthetic material is punctured, especially in preparation process, add the methanol solution of phenyl boric acid, quick stirring is lower slow
Aqueous slkali (aqueous slkali such as NaOH) regulation pH is added, to pH value of solution>8.8, the PVA aqueous solution form hydrogel, then to this
1% acid solution (acid solution such as hydrochloric acid) is slowly added dropwise in hydrogel again, hydrogel reverts to liquid condition.By adjusting pH realities
Circulation, conversion between the hydrogel-solution of existing PVA, so as to a kind of hydrogel is obtained be evenly distributed, and can recycle,
With the mechanical performance close with biological tissue, saturating ultrasound, the invention provides a kind of ultrasonic puncture experiment mould of pH regulation and control
Type and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme：
A kind of ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control, the model includes the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel being placed in mould
Acoustic window material and rubber bead, wherein polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material simulated human tissue, rubber bead simulation tumor group
Knit；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material is wrapped in around rubber bead.
Preferably, the tissue is skin or fat.
A kind of preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control, comprises the steps of：
(1) it is polyvinyl alcohol is soluble in water, prepare the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that mass fraction is 5~10%, room temperature preservation；
(2) to the methanol solution that 1~5% phenyl boric acid is added in polyvinyl alcohol water solution, stood after being well mixed, solution is in
It is colorless and transparent；
(3) solution obtained in step (2) is poured into the mould equipped with rubber bead, is added thereto to aqueous slkali, it is extremely molten
Liquid pH>8.8, polyvinyl alcohol water solution forms hydrogel；
(4) to acid solution is added dropwise in the hydrogel described in step (3), liquid condition is reverted to hydrogel；
(5) circulation carries out the conversion that step (3) and step (4) are realized between polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and solution, and pH is obtained
The ultrasonic puncture experimental model of regulation and control.
Preferably, the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10% in polyvinyl alcohol water solution in step (1).
Preferably, the dissolution conditions of polyvinyl alcohol are 95 DEG C~110 DEG C waters bath with thermostatic control, 1000r/min stirrings in step (1)
Dissolving.
Preferably, the mass fraction of phenyl boric acid is 2% in the methanol solution of phenyl boric acid in step (2).
Preferably, polyvinyl alcohol water solution and the mixed volume ratio of the methanol solution of phenyl boric acid are 20 in step (2):1.
Preferably, the pH value of mixed solution is 9 in step (3).
Beneficial effect：(1) the ultrasonic puncture experimental model hydrogel of pH regulation and control of the present invention can draw in ultrasonoscopy
Leading down carries out puncture lab exercise, and hydrogel is evenly distributed, and can realize following between hydrogel-solution by adjusting pH
Ring, conversion；(2) experimental model preparation method of the present invention is simple, low cost entrant sound effect is good；(3) experiment of the present invention
Hydrogel in model is easily recycled.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control of the present invention；
Wherein, 1 is mould, and 2 is polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material, and 3 is rubber bead.
Specific embodiment
Following examples further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.Without departing substantially from
In the case of spirit of the invention and essence, the modification and replacement made to the inventive method, step or condition belong to the present invention
Scope.If not specializing, the conventional meanses that technological means used is well known to those skilled in the art in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control of the present invention includes the polyethylene being placed in mould 1
Alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 and rubber bead 3, the wherein simulated human tissue of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2, rubber bead
3 simulation tumor tissues；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 is wrapped in around rubber bead.
The preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control is：
(1) 0.5g PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) are weighed, is poured into the beaker of 50mL, add 9.5g distilled water, water bath with thermostatic control
High-speed stirred is completely dissolved PVA at 95 DEG C, forms the 5% PVA aqueous solution, in colorless and transparent, lowers the temperature until completely dissolved
To room temperature；
(2) by step (1) obtain 5% the PVA aqueous solution in add 1% phenyl boric acid methanol solution 5mL, high-speed stirred
To uniform mixed solution is formed, after placing 2h, it is still in colourless transparent liquid shape that solution is unchanged；
(3) homogeneous mixture solotion that step (2) is obtained is poured into the mould 1 equipped with rubber bead 3, is slowly added to 1%
The NaOH aqueous solution adjusts pH, to pH value of solution>8.8；The PVA aqueous solution forms the good hydrogel 2 of transparency, after placing 12h, water-setting
Glue is unchanged；
(4) be slowly added dropwise 1% HCL solution in the hydrogel 2 in the experiment mould for obtaining step (3), hydrogel by
Gradually revert to liquid condition；
(5) circulation carries out the conversion that step (3), (4) are capable of achieving between PVA hydrogels-solution, and reverts to liquid
The recycling of PVA materials.
(6) hydrogel for obtaining step (3) carries out puncture experiment under ultrasonoscopy guiding, and biopsy needle handle can be more smart
The true small ball position of arrival rubber, and pin is smaller with the deformation of gel.
(7) after carrying out puncturing the gel of realization in step (6) and carrying out many experiments, reclaim, and carry out step (5) so as to reach
To the recycling of PVA materials.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 1, the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control of the present invention includes the polyethylene being placed in mould 1
Alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 and rubber bead 3, the wherein simulated human tissue of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2, rubber bead
3 simulation tumor tissues；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 is wrapped in around rubber bead.
The preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control is：
(1) 1.0g PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) are weighed, is poured into the beaker of 50mL, add 13.0g distilled water, water bath with thermostatic control
High-speed stirred is completely dissolved PVA at 95 DEG C, forms the 7% PVA aqueous solution, in colorless and transparent, lowers the temperature until completely dissolved
To room temperature；
(2) by step (1) obtain 7% the PVA aqueous solution in add 1% phenyl boric acid methanol solution 5mL, high-speed stirred
To uniform mixed solution is formed, after placing 2h, it is still in colourless transparent liquid shape that solution is unchanged；
(3) homogeneous mixture solotion that step (2) is obtained is poured into the mould 1 equipped with rubber bead 3, is slowly added to 1%
The NaOH aqueous solution adjusts pH, to pH value of solution>8.8；The PVA aqueous solution forms the good hydrogel 2 of transparency, after placing 12h, water-setting
Glue is unchanged；
(4) be slowly added dropwise 1% HCL solution in the hydrogel 2 in the experiment mould for obtaining step (3), hydrogel by
Gradually revert to liquid condition；
(5) circulation carries out the conversion that step (3), (4) are capable of achieving between PVA hydrogels-solution, and reverts to liquid
The recycling of PVA materials.
(6) hydrogel for obtaining step (3) carries out puncture experiment under ultrasonoscopy guiding, and biopsy needle handle can be more smart
The true small ball position of arrival rubber, and pin is smaller with the deformation of gel.
(7) after carrying out puncturing the gel of realization in step (6) and carrying out many experiments, reclaim, and carry out step (5) so as to reach
To the recycling of PVA materials.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 1, the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of pH regulation and control of the present invention includes the polyethylene being placed in mould 1
Alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 and rubber bead 3, the wherein simulated human tissue of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2, rubber bead
3 simulation tumor tissues；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material 2 is wrapped in around rubber bead.
(1) 1.0g PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) are weighed, is poured into the beaker of 50mL, add 9.0g distilled water, water bath with thermostatic control
High-speed stirred is completely dissolved PVA at 95 DEG C, forms the 10% PVA aqueous solution, in colorless and transparent, lowers the temperature until completely dissolved
To room temperature；
(2) by step (1) obtain 10% the PVA aqueous solution in add 1% phenyl boric acid methanol solution 5mL, high-speed stirring
Mix to uniform mixed solution is formed, after placing 2h, it is in still colourless transparent liquid shape that solution is unchanged, now adds rubber bead
Enter；
(3) homogeneous mixture solotion that step (2) is obtained is poured into the mould 1 equipped with rubber bead 3, is slowly added to 1%
The NaOH aqueous solution adjusts pH, to pH value of solution>8.8；The PVA aqueous solution forms the good hydrogel 2 of transparency, after placing 12h, water-setting
Glue is unchanged；
(4) step (3) is obtained being slowly added dropwise in the hydrogel 2 in experiment mould 1% HCL solution, hydrogel is found
Gradually revert to liquid condition；
(5) circulation carries out the conversion that step (3), (4) are capable of achieving between PVA hydrogels-solution, and reverts to liquid
The recycling of PVA materials.
(6) hydrogel for obtaining step (3) carries out puncture experiment under ultrasonoscopy guiding, and biopsy needle handle can be more smart
The true small ball position of arrival rubber, and pin is smaller with the deformation of gel.
(7) after carrying out puncturing the gel of realization in step (6) and carrying out many experiments, reclaim, and carry out step (5) so as to reach
To the recycling of PVA materials.
Claims (8)
1. the ultrasonic puncture experimental model that a kind of pH regulates and controls, it is characterised in that the model includes the poly- second being placed in mould
Enol hydrogel acoustic window material and rubber bead, wherein polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material simulated human tissue, rubber bead
Simulation tumor tissues；The polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel acoustic window material is wrapped in around rubber bead.
2. the ultrasonic puncture experimental model that a kind of pH according to claim 1 regulates and controls, it is characterised in that the human body group
It is woven to skin or fat.
3. described in claim 1 a kind of pH regulation and control ultrasonic puncture experimental model preparation method, it is characterised in that include
Following steps：
(1) it is polyvinyl alcohol is soluble in water, prepare the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that mass fraction is 5~10%, room temperature preservation；
(2) to the methanol solution that 1~5% phenyl boric acid is added in polyvinyl alcohol water solution, stood after being well mixed, solution is in colourless
Transparence；
(3) solution obtained in step (2) is poured into the mould equipped with rubber bead, is added thereto to aqueous slkali, to pH value of solution>
8.8, polyvinyl alcohol water solution forms hydrogel；
(4) to acid solution is added dropwise in the hydrogel described in step (3), liquid condition is reverted to hydrogel；
(5) circulation carries out the conversion that step (3) and step (4) are realized between polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and solution, and pH regulation and control are obtained
Ultrasonic puncture experimental model.
4. the preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of a kind of pH regulation and control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 10% in polyvinyl alcohol water solution in step (1).
5. the preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of a kind of pH regulation and control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The dissolution conditions of polyvinyl alcohol are 95 DEG C~110 DEG C waters bath with thermostatic control, 1000r/min stirring and dissolvings in step (1).
6. the preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of a kind of pH regulation and control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The mass fraction of phenyl boric acid is 2% in the methanol solution of phenyl boric acid in step (2).
7. the preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of a kind of pH regulation and control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Polyvinyl alcohol water solution and the mixed volume ratio of the methanol solution of phenyl boric acid are 20 in step (2):1.
8. the preparation method of the ultrasonic puncture experimental model of a kind of pH regulation and control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The pH value of mixed solution is 9 in step (3).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109575315A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院大学 | A kind of PVA supramolecular hydrogel and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109694566A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 南京澳德昇医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic puncture polyurethane rubber prosthetic material preparation method and application |
| CN109859600A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-07 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Ultrasound guidance breast tumor puncturing pattern and preparation method thereof |
| CN110619801A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 川北医学院附属医院 | Disposable perioperative ultrasound puncture training model |
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| CN202473055U (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-10-03 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Simulation training device used for mammary gland palpation |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109575315A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院大学 | A kind of PVA supramolecular hydrogel and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109575315B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2021-12-24 | 中国科学院大学 | PVA supramolecular hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109694566A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 南京澳德昇医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic puncture polyurethane rubber prosthetic material preparation method and application |
| CN109859600A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-07 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Ultrasound guidance breast tumor puncturing pattern and preparation method thereof |
| CN110619801A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 川北医学院附属医院 | Disposable perioperative ultrasound puncture training model |
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