CN106780704A - Based on the direct lighting effect proximity rendering method of three-dimensional scenic that observability is reused - Google Patents
Based on the direct lighting effect proximity rendering method of three-dimensional scenic that observability is reused Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of direct lighting effect proximity rendering method of three-dimensional scenic reused based on observability, it is characterised in that：Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, using light projective technique drawing three-dimensional scene；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001 is corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane, judge whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, the intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint that light A001 is further calculated if intersecting with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic is a visible scene point B001；The visibility processing result that it passes through to reuse area source sampled point accelerates the drafting speed of the direct lighting effect of the three-dimensional scenic of area source irradiation and improves rendering quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of direct lighting effect proximity rendering method of three-dimensional scenic reused based on observability, belong to three
Dimension scene drawing technical field.
Background technology
Area source is a kind of common light sources type in real world.Three-dimensional scenic under area source irradiation would generally be presented
Soft shadows feature.Traditionally, the direct light of the three-dimensional scenic of area source irradiation is realized using monte carlo integration technology
Drawn according to effect.Using monte carlo integration technology to drawing area source irradiate three-dimensional scenic direct lighting effect, it is necessary to
The sampled point of certain amount is produced on area source, and calculates the observability between light source sampled point and visible scene point（Complete cloudy
Shadow is calculated）, and then calculate direct illumination contributions of the light source sampled point to visible scene point.Can visually be connect to draw out
The three-dimensional scenic direct light received shines effect picture, generally requires to produce a large amount of sampled points on area source, calculates light source sampled point
Can turn into important performance bottleneck with the observability between visible scene point.It is worth noting that, area source different from spot light
Often there is very strong correlation to the observability of adjacent visual scene point.This characteristic, the present invention is made full use of to pass through opposite
The direct light that the visibility processing result of light source sampled point is reused to reduce the three-dimensional scenic for drawing area source irradiation is according to effect
The cost of fruit, and improve rendering quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of direct lighting effect proximity rendering of three-dimensional scenic reused based on observability
Method, the visibility processing result that it passes through to reuse area source sampled point accelerate area source irradiation three-dimensional scenic it is direct
The drafting speed of lighting effect simultaneously improves rendering quality.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：The direct lighting effect of three-dimensional scenic reused based on observability is approximate
Method for drafting, it is characterised in that：Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, skill is projected using light
Art drawing three-dimensional scene；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001
Corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane, judge whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if
Intersecting then the intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint of geometric object that further calculate light A001 and three-dimensional scenic be
One visible scene point B001, while being randomly generated on area sourceNUMIt is individual to obey equally distributed light source sampled point B003, note
Record thisNUMThe locus of individual light source sampled point B003, and calculate between each light source sampled point B003 and intersection point A002 can
Opinion property VIS；For each intersection point A002, sampled and observability by reusing the area source of adjacent visual scene point of intersection point A002
The approximate direct light that result of calculation carrys out speed-up computation area source antinode A002 shines contribution margin；Implement step as follows：
A kind of data structure LSPD is provided, for storing the data related to area source sampled point；Data structure LSPD includes light
Two member variables in the locus of source sampling point and the observability of light source sampled point.
1）The sampling to area source is realized, and calculates the observability between area source sampled point and visible scene point, tool
Body step is as follows：
Step Step101：Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, is painted using light projective technique
Three-dimensional scenic processed；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001 with it is empty
The pixel intended on pixel planes is corresponded, and judges whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if intersecting
The intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint that light A001 is then further calculated with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic is one
Visible scene point B001, visible scene point B001 have corresponded to a unique pixel in virtual pixel plane；
Step Step102：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array LS of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,N
It is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array LS stores a list B002, each unit of list B002
Element one variable of data structure LSPD types of storage；It is sky to make the list B002 that each element of array LS is stored；Array LS
Each element and virtual pixel plane on pixel correspond.
Step Step103：For each visible scene point B001, following operation is performed：
Randomly generated on area sourceNUMIt is individual to obey equally distributed light source sampled point B003；Created in computer storageNUMThe variable of individual data structure LSPD types, its withNUMIndividual light source sampled point B003 is corresponded；Each light source sampled point
The locus of B003 be assigned to the locus of the light source sampled point of the variable of corresponding data structure LSPD types into
Member's variable；For each light source sampled point B003, judge from the locus of light source sampled point B003 to visible scene point B001
Line segment whether intersect with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if intersecting, make data knot corresponding with light source sampled point B003
The value of the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of structure LSPD types is 0, otherwise order and light source sampled point B003 pairs
The value of the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types answered is 1；NUMIndividual light source sampling
B003 is corresponding for pointNUMThe variable of individual data structure LSPD types is added to the corresponding virtual pixel planes of visible scene point B001
On the corresponding array LS of pixel element storage list B002 in.
2）Approximate direct illumination value to each visible scene point is calculated, and draws out the direct light of three-dimensional scenic according to effect
Really, comprise the following steps that：
Step Step201：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array ILU of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,NIt is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array ILU is corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane,
Each element of array ILU is used to preserve the direct illumination value of the corresponding visible scene point of pixel in virtual pixel plane；Order
The value of each element of array ILU is the corresponding illumination value of background colour；
Step Step202：For each visible scene point B001 obtained in step Step101, following operation is performed：
Step Step202-1：Variable SUM=0, variable NS=0 are made, SUM is accumulated variables, and NS is counting variable；Calculating can
Line number irow and row number jcol of the B001 corresponding pixels in visual field sight spot where go virtual pixel plane；LIST1 is made to represent number
The list B002 of the element storage of the i-th row rows, jth col row of group LS；For each element B 004 in LIST1, make NS=
NS+1, if the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types of the storage of element B 004
Value is equal to 1, then the locus member of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types for being stored according to element B 004
Light source sampling point position, the position of visible scene point B001, the geometry of visible scene point B001 positions that variable is stored
The material quality data of geometric object where subject surface normal vector, visible scene point B001, the data knot of calculating elements B004 storages
The corresponding light of light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of structure LSPD types is stored
Source sampling point shines contribution margin B005 to the direct light of visible scene point B001, and value and the direct light of variable SUM are shone contribution margin
B005 sums are assigned to variable SUM；
Step Step202-2：Each adjacent pixel for the pixel arranged for the i-th row rows in virtual pixel plane, jth col
B006, performs following operation：
Line number Irow and row number Jcol of the pixel B 006 where go virtual pixel plane are calculated, makes LIST2 represent array LS's
Irow rows, the list B002 of the element storage of Jcol row；For each element B 007 in LIST2, make NS=NS+
1, if value of observability member variable of light source sampled point of variable of data structure LSPD types of the storage of element B 007 etc.
In 1, then the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types for being stored according to element B 007
Light source sampling point position, the position of visible scene point B001, the geometric object of visible scene point B001 positions for being stored
The material quality data of geometric object where surface normal, visible scene point B001, the data structure of calculating elements B007 storages
The corresponding light source of light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of LSPD types is stored
Sampled point shines contribution margin B008 to the direct light of visible scene point B001, and value and the direct light of variable SUM are shone contribution margin B008
Sum is assigned to variable SUM；
Step Step202-3：The element of the i-th row rows, jth the col row array ILU is entered as the value of variable SUM divided by variable
The product of result and area source area obtained by the value of NS；
Step Step203：The direct illumination value that each element of array ILU is preserved is converted into three-dimensional scenic picture image pixel
Color value, and three-dimensional scenic picture image is shown over the display.
Good effect of the present invention is to make use of area source to there is stronger correlation to the observability of adjacent visual scene point
The characteristics of.In direct illumination contributions of the calculating area source to certain visible scene point, visible scene point adjacent thereto is reused
Area source sampling and its visibility processing result, increased with less cost and estimated for the visible scene direct illumination contributions of point
The area source sampling number of meter, the purpose of rendering quality is improved so as to reach.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is adjacent visible scene point and its corresponding light source sampled point schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order that the features and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, the present invention is made into one with reference to specific embodiment
The description of step.
Embodiment 1
CPU selection Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E3-1225 v3@3.20GHz of computer system, internal memory selection gold
Scholar pauses 8GB DDR3 1333, and the TU2 of disk selection Buffalo HD-CE 1.5, video card selects NVidia Quadro K2000；
Computer operating system selects Windows 7, software programming tools selection VC++ 2010.
As shown in figure 1, visible scene point A (101) and visible scene point B (102) are two adjacent visible scene points, light
Source sampling point A (105) and light source sampled point B (106) are two on the area source (104) corresponding with visible scene point B (102)
Individual sampled point, light source sampled point C (107) and light source sampled point D (108) are the area sources corresponding with visible scene point A (101)
(104) two sampled points on, geometric object (103) is a geometric object in three-dimensional scenic.Although in Fig. 1, being only
Each visible scene point depicts two corresponding light source sampled points, and each corresponding light source sampling number of visible scene point can be with
More than 2.
Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, using light projective technique drawing three-dimensional
Scape；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001 and virtual pixel are put down
Pixel on face is corresponded, and judges whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, further if intersecting
The intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint that light A001 is calculated with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic is a visible scene
Point B001, while being randomly generated on area sourceNUMIt is individual to obey equally distributed light source sampled point B003, record thisNUMIndividual light
The locus of source sampling point B003, and calculate the observability VIS between each light source sampled point B003 and intersection point A002；For
Each intersection point A002, by reuse intersection point A002 adjacent visual scene point area source sample and visibility processing result come plus
The approximate direct light that speed calculates area source antinode A002 shines contribution margin；Technical scheme to implement step as follows：
A kind of data structure LSPD is provided, for storing the data related to area source sampled point；Data structure LSPD includes light
Two member variables in the locus of source sampling point and the observability of light source sampled point.
Part I realizes the sampling to area source, and calculates visible between area source sampled point and visible scene point
Property, comprise the following steps that：
Step Step101：Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, is painted using light projective technique
Three-dimensional scenic processed；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001 with it is empty
The pixel intended on pixel planes is corresponded, and judges whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if intersecting
The intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint that light A001 is then further calculated with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic is one
Visible scene point B001, visible scene point B001 have corresponded to a unique pixel in virtual pixel plane；
Step Step102：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array LS of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,N
It is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array LS stores a list B002, each unit of list B002
Element one variable of data structure LSPD types of storage；It is sky to make the list B002 that each element of array LS is stored；Array LS
Each element and virtual pixel plane on pixel correspond.
Step Step103：For each visible scene point B001, following operation is performed：
Randomly generated on area sourceNUMIt is individual to obey equally distributed light source sampled point B003；Created in computer storageNUMThe variable of individual data structure LSPD types, its withNUMIndividual light source sampled point B003 is corresponded；Each light source sampled point
The locus of B003 be assigned to the locus of the light source sampled point of the variable of corresponding data structure LSPD types into
Member's variable；For each light source sampled point B003, judge from the locus of light source sampled point B003 to visible scene point B001
Line segment whether intersect with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if intersecting, make data knot corresponding with light source sampled point B003
The value of the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of structure LSPD types is 0, otherwise order and light source sampled point B003 pairs
The value of the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types answered is 1；NUMIndividual light source sampling
B003 is corresponding for pointNUMThe variable of individual data structure LSPD types is added to the corresponding virtual pixel planes of visible scene point B001
On the corresponding array LS of pixel element storage list B002 in.
Part II is realized calculating the approximate direct illumination value of each visible scene point, and draws out the straight of three-dimensional scenic
Lighting effect is connect, is comprised the following steps that：
Step Step201：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array ILU of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,NIt is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array ILU is corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane,
Each element of array ILU is used to preserve the direct illumination value of the corresponding visible scene point of pixel in virtual pixel plane；Order
The value of each element of array ILU is the corresponding illumination value of background colour；
Step Step202：For each visible scene point B001 obtained in step Step101, following operation is performed：
Step Step202-1：Make variable SUM=0, variable NS=0；The corresponding pixels of visible scene point B001 are calculated virtual
Line number irow and row number jcol where go pixel planes；LIST1 is made to represent the i-th row rows of array LS, the element of jth col row
The list B002 of storage；For each element B 004 in LIST1, NS=NS+1 is made, if the data of the storage of element B 004
The value of the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of structure LSPD types is equal to 1, then stored according to element B 004
Light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of data structure LSPD types is stored, can
The position of visual field sight spot B001, the geometric object surface normal of visible scene point B001 positions, visible scene point B001
The material quality data of place geometric object, the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types of calculating elements B004 storages
The corresponding light source sampled point of light source sampling point position that locus member variable is stored is to the direct of visible scene point B001
Value and the direct light of variable SUM, are assigned to variable SUM by illumination contributions value B005 according to contribution margin B005 sums；
Step Step202-2：Each adjacent pixel for the pixel arranged for the i-th row rows in virtual pixel plane, jth col
B006, performs following operation：
Line number Irow and row number Jcol of the pixel B 006 where go virtual pixel plane are calculated, makes LIST2 represent array LS's
Irow rows, the list B002 of the element storage of Jcol row；For each element B 007 in LIST2, make NS=NS+
1, if value of observability member variable of light source sampled point of variable of data structure LSPD types of the storage of element B 007 etc.
In 1, then the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types for being stored according to element B 007
Light source sampling point position, the position of visible scene point B001, the geometric object of visible scene point B001 positions for being stored
The material quality data of geometric object where surface normal, visible scene point B001, the data structure of calculating elements B007 storages
The corresponding light source of light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of LSPD types is stored
Sampled point shines contribution margin B008 to the direct light of visible scene point B001, and value and the direct light of variable SUM are shone contribution margin B008
Sum is assigned to variable SUM；
Step Step202-3：The element of the i-th row rows, jth the col row array ILU is entered as the value of variable SUM divided by variable
The product of result and area source area obtained by the value of NS；
Step Step203：The direct illumination value that each element of array ILU is preserved is converted into three-dimensional scenic picture image pixel
Color value, and three-dimensional scenic picture image is shown over the display.
In the present embodiment,NUMValue is 5,MValue is 768,NValue is 1024.
Claims (1)
1. the direct lighting effect proximity rendering method of three-dimensional scenic for being reused based on observability, it is characterised in that：Virtual camera
Viewpoint position is placed on, according to normal observation parameter, using light projective technique drawing three-dimensional scene；Go out from viewpoint for every
The light A001 through the pixel in virtual pixel plane is sent out, light A001 is corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane,
Judge whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, light A001 and three dimensional field are further calculated if intersecting
The intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint of the geometric object of scape, intersection point A002 is a visible scene point B001, while in area source
On randomly generateNUMIt is individual to obey equally distributed light source sampled point B003, record thisNUMThe space bit of individual light source sampled point B003
Put, and calculate the observability VIS between each light source sampled point B003 and intersection point A002；For each intersection point A002, by weight
Sampled with the area source of the adjacent visual scene point of intersection point A002 and visibility processing result is come speed-up computation area source antinode
The approximate direct light of A002 shines contribution margin；Implement step as follows：
A kind of data structure LSPD is provided, for storing the data related to area source sampled point；Data structure LSPD includes light
Two member variables in the locus of source sampling point and the observability of light source sampled point；
1）The sampling to area source is realized, and calculates the observability between area source sampled point and visible scene point, specific step
It is rapid as follows：
Step Step101：Virtual camera is placed on viewpoint position, according to normal observation parameter, is painted using light projective technique
Three-dimensional scenic processed；For every from viewpoint through virtual pixel plane on pixel light A001, light A001 with it is empty
The pixel intended on pixel planes is corresponded, and judges whether light A001 intersects with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic, if intersecting
The intersection point A002, intersection point A002 nearest from viewpoint that light A001 is then further calculated with the geometric object of three-dimensional scenic is one
Visible scene point B001, visible scene point B001 have corresponded to a unique pixel in virtual pixel plane；
Step Step102：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array LS of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,N
It is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array LS stores a list B002, each unit of list B002
Element one variable of data structure LSPD types of storage；It is sky to make the list B002 that each element of array LS is stored；Array LS
Each element and virtual pixel plane on pixel correspond；
Step Step103：For each visible scene point B001, following operation is performed：Randomly generated on area sourceNUMIndividual clothes
From equally distributed light source sampled point B003；Created in computer storageNUMThe variable of individual data structure LSPD types, its
WithNUMIndividual light source sampled point B003 is corresponded；The locus of each light source sampled point B003 is assigned to corresponding
The locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of data structure LSPD types；For each light source sampled point B003,
Judge from the locus of light source sampled point B003 to the line segment of visible scene point B001 whether the geometric object with three-dimensional scenic
It is intersecting, if intersecting, make the light source sampled point of the variable of data structure LSPD types corresponding with light source sampled point B003
The value of observability member variable is 0, otherwise makes the light of the variable of data structure LSPD types corresponding with light source sampled point B003
The value of the observability member variable of source sampling point is 1；NUMIndividual light source sampled point B003 is correspondingNUMIndividual data structure LSPD
The element of the corresponding array LS of pixel that the variable of type is added in the corresponding virtual pixel planes of visible scene point B001 is deposited
In the list B002 of storage；
2）Approximate direct illumination value to each visible scene point is calculated, and draws out the direct lighting effect of three-dimensional scenic, tool
Body step is as follows：
Step Step201：One is created to includeMRow,NThe array ILU of column element,MIt is the number of lines of pixels in virtual pixel plane,NIt is the pixel columns in virtual pixel plane；Each element of array ILU is corresponded with the pixel in virtual pixel plane,
Each element of array ILU is used to preserve the direct illumination value of the corresponding visible scene point of pixel in virtual pixel plane；Order
The value of each element of array ILU is the corresponding illumination value of background colour；
Step Step202：For each visible scene point B001 obtained in step Step101, following operation is performed：
Step Step202-1：Variable SUM=0, variable NS=0 are made, SUM is accumulated variables, and NS is counting variable；Calculating can
Line number irow and row number jcol of the B001 corresponding pixels in visual field sight spot where go virtual pixel plane；LIST1 is made to represent number
The list B002 of the element storage of the i-th row rows, jth col row of group LS；For each element B 004 in LIST1, make NS=
NS+1, if the observability member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types of the storage of element B 004
Value is equal to 1, then the locus member of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types for being stored according to element B 004
Light source sampling point position, the position of visible scene point B001, the geometry of visible scene point B001 positions that variable is stored
The material quality data of geometric object where subject surface normal vector, visible scene point B001, the data knot of calculating elements B004 storages
The corresponding light of light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of structure LSPD types is stored
Source sampling point shines contribution margin B005 to the direct light of visible scene point B001, and value and the direct light of variable SUM are shone contribution margin
B005 sums are assigned to variable SUM；
Step Step202-2：Each adjacent pixel for the pixel arranged for the i-th row rows in virtual pixel plane, jth col
B006, performs following operation：
Line number Irow and row number Jcol of the pixel B 006 where go virtual pixel plane are calculated, makes LIST2 represent array LS's
Irow rows, the list B002 of the element storage of Jcol row；For each element B 007 in LIST2, make NS=NS+
1, if value of observability member variable of light source sampled point of variable of data structure LSPD types of the storage of element B 007 etc.
In 1, then the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of the data structure LSPD types for being stored according to element B 007
Light source sampling point position, the position of visible scene point B001, the geometric object of visible scene point B001 positions for being stored
The material quality data of geometric object where surface normal, visible scene point B001, the data structure of calculating elements B007 storages
The corresponding light source of light source sampling point position that the locus member variable of the light source sampled point of the variable of LSPD types is stored
Sampled point shines contribution margin B008 to the direct light of visible scene point B001, and value and the direct light of variable SUM are shone contribution margin B008
Sum is assigned to variable SUM；
Step Step202-3：The element of the i-th row rows, jth the col row array ILU is entered as the value of variable SUM divided by variable
The product of result and area source area obtained by the value of NS；
Step Step203：The direct illumination value that each element of array ILU is preserved is converted into three-dimensional scenic picture image pixel
Color value, and three-dimensional scenic picture image is shown over the display.
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| CN107749078A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-02 | 长春理工大学 | The direct lighting effect method for drafting of ultra-large three-dimensional scenic |
| CN107749078B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-10-27 | 长春理工大学 | Direct illumination effect drawing method for super-large-scale three-dimensional scene |
| CN109493413A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | 长春理工大学 | Three-dimensional scenic global illumination effect method for drafting based on the sampling of adaptive virtual point source |
| CN109493413B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2022-10-21 | 长春理工大学 | Three-dimensional scene global illumination effect drawing method based on self-adaptive virtual point light source sampling |
| CN110728741A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-24 | 长春理工大学 | Surface light source illumination three-dimensional scene picture rendering method based on multi-detail level model |
| CN110728741B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2022-08-23 | 长春理工大学 | Area light source irradiation three-dimensional scene picture rendering method based on multi-detail level model |
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