CN106777680A - A kind of existing bridge fast B IM modelings and method - Google Patents
A kind of existing bridge fast B IM modelings and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modelings and method, using three-dimensional laser scanning technique as bridge three-dimensional geometry data sampling instrument, it overcomes the limitation (being limited by the condition of natural light) of traditional close-shot photography measure technique passive ranging.In actual application example, the contrast of the BIM models and actual building set up by 3-D scanning finds that both can reach more than 90% at similarities.The full-color point cloud model obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning technique, by d solid modeling software processing, can generate true to nature, fine dummy model, can be used for webpage real-time release with shared, the efficiency that raising cooperates.Whole BIM modeling process, it is convenient, quick, accurate, medium and small bridges are directed to, from field operation scanning to complete BIM models several hours are set up, model error can be controlled in grade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building rapid modeling field, modeled more particularly, to a kind of existing bridge fast B IM
System and method.
Background technology
For the plentiful city in some many Jiang Duohu, waters, with continuing to develop for city scope, large-scale bridge
Beam is built and brings stern challenge to operation management in the future.In order to realize bridge digitlization operation maintenance in support area
Work, makes bridge management move towards scientific, rationalize, standardize, and strengthens to being wanted including the traffic including people, car and other facilities
The effective monitoring management of element, improves the shared utilization rate of limited resources, it is necessary to set up a BIM for overlay area whole bridge
Model database, as the important foundation of the whole operation phase bridge inspection and maintenance of support.
The advantages such as architecture information modeling (BIM) technology collection parametrization, integrated, visualization, can make the letter of bridge construction
Breath Parameter Expression is simultaneously integrated in BIM models (such as monitoring structural health conditions information), a complete bridge BIM model reality in real time
Mean a database in matter.Setting up the core technology of bridge BIM model databases is, for the quick of bridge BIM models
Modeling method.
Fast modeling method currently used for bridge BIM models mainly has:The modeling of AutoCAD two dimension drawings, remote sensing and GIS
Technology, three dimensional hologram technology.Various detection methods have respective advantage, but also respective Shortcomings.Such as AutoCAD
The method that two-dimentional drawing models drawing, is only applicable to remain with the bridge BIM modelings of drawing, for because the time is remote or other
The bridge that reason has lacked drawing cannot then be modeled using the method.Remote sensing and geographic information system technology (GIS) are mainly applied
In the measurement of large-scale spatial data, such as landform, landforms measurement, agricultural, the monitoring of woods night, its coverage is wider, but precision compared with
Difference, it is impossible to meet bridge and become more meticulous the requirement of modeling.Although it is more smart that three dimensional hologram technology can get space object
True physical dimension, but lack corresponding Processing Algorithm during Engineering Oriented modelling application, and it is unfavorable for view data all kinds of soft
Flowing between part, poor compatibility, it is difficult to carry out BIM modelings using the three-dimensional geometric information for having got.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of fast B IM modelings and
Method, can be directed to design drawing missing existing bridge carry out BIM modelings, so as to by region all bridges it is quick
BIM models to form bridge BIM model databases, solves as a large amount of bridge constructions such as provide at the base of digitlization operation maintenance in region
The technical barrier of plinth database.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modelings, including:Three-dimensional is built
Form unit, BIM modeling units;
Three-dimensional modeling unit includes three-dimensional laser scanner, Point Cloud Processing device, d solid modeling instrument;Three-dimensional swashs
The input of the output end tie point cloud data processor of photoscanner, the output end connection 3D solid of Point Cloud Processing device
The input of modeling tool;
BIM modeling units include BIM modeling tools, sensor group, bridge BIM model libraries;Structural stress sensor is installed
In the stress mornitoring position of bridge, its output end connects the input of BIM modeling tools, the output end of d solid modeling instrument
The input of BIM modeling tools is connected, the output end of BIM modeling tools connects the input of bridge BIM model libraries;
Wherein, three-dimensional laser scanner is used to scan bridge entity to obtain bridge entity cloud data, and sends to point
Cloud data processor;Point Cloud Processing device is used to pre-process cloud data, generates complete full-color point cloud model simultaneously
Send to d solid modeling instrument;D solid modeling instrument is used for the leak to each point cloud model face in full-color point cloud model
Repaired, generate three-dimensional entity model and send to BIM modeling tools;
Structural stress sensor is used to detect structure stress of bridge information and monitoring bridge operation real time information and send
To BIM modeling tools;BIM modeling tools are used for three-dimensional entity model, structure stress of bridge information and the bridge of typing bridge
Operation real time information, and three is integrated the three-dimensional for obtaining being integrated with structure stress of bridge information and bridge operation real time information
Physical model, stores to bridge BIM model libraries.
Further, also including bridge information management server, the input connection bridge of bridge information management server
The output end of BIM model libraries;Bridge information management server includes model management module, user management module, calls management mould
Block and system management module;
Model management module is used to process new model storage and model data modification;User management module is used to manage to be used
Family data;Call management module for manage and inquire about bridge information management server call situation;System management module is used
In the maintenance of data message.
Further, also including cloud server, the output port connection cloud server of d solid modeling device is used for
The real-time release of three-dimensional entity model with share.
To achieve these goals, present invention also offers a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods, including following step
Suddenly:
(1) data acquisition:At least two scanning websites are set up in bridge surrounding, three-dimensional laser scanner is set up, scanning is obtained
Take the cloud data of different visual angles;
(2) data processing:Each site cloud data for obtaining will be scanned to be processed, the bridge point cloud of complete and accurate is formed;
(3) d solid modeling:Using D modeling tool by bridge point-cloud fitting is into multiple surfaces and carries out leak and repaiies
Mend, form complete bridge three-dimensional entity model;
(4) BIM modelings:Component piecemeal treatment is carried out to bridge three-dimensional entity model using D modeling tool, is led respectively
Enter BIM modeling devices and be made race's file, build bridge BIM models.
Further, also include that letter will be formed in production construction, operation maintenance information integration to BIM models in step (4)
The complete bridge BIM models of breath.
Further, piecemeal treatment is carried out to bridge three-dimensional entity model using D modeling tool, is directed respectively into BIM and builds
Mould device is made race's file, builds bridge BIM models.
Further, also set up including step (5) model database and applied:A large amount of bridges in region are carried out quickly
BIM is modeled, and category of model is arranged to form one's respective area bridge BIM model databases, coordinates modern Bridge Inspection and local area
Bridge digitlization operation maintenance management, realizes that the intelligence of bridge in region is examined in domain urban operating mechanism and road network system support area
Disconnected, precisely maintenance and the application of wisdom traffic.
Further, in step (1), for bridge shelter and there are barrier shield portions, using unmanned aerial vehicle onboard
Scanning, the airborne scanning of mechanical arm or man-hour manually hand-held device scan mode realize comprehensive, multi-angle comprehensive scanning, to obtain
Complete cloud data.
Further, step (2) comprises the following steps:The coordinate system splicing that the multistation data for gathering are set up according to target
Into the point cloud model of full-bridge;The erroneous point that the body of a bridge and its surrounding are produced by the interference of the impurity such as the steam in air or airborne dust particle
Rejected;The unnecessary cloud data that surrounding environment in addition to bridge entity is produced is rejected.
Further, step (1) also includes obtaining field operation image data using image collection device multi-angle;Step (3) is also
Including the field operation image data for coordinating field operation scanning to obtain, stick picture disposing is carried out to three-dimensional entity model, generated true to nature, lively
Dummy model, for high in the clouds real-time release with share, to improve the operating efficiency of online cooperation.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, with following beneficial effect
Really:
1st, as a result of three-dimensional laser scanning technique as bridge three-dimensional geometry data sampling instrument, it overcomes biography
The limitation (being limited by the condition of natural light) of system close-shot photography measure technique passive ranging.In actual application example, lead to
The BIM models of 3-D scanning foundation and the contrast of actual building are crossed, it is found that both can reach more than 90% at similarity.
2nd, the full-color point cloud model obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning technique, by d solid modeling software processing, can give birth to
Into true to nature, fine dummy model, can be used for webpage real-time release with shared, the efficiency that raising cooperates.
3rd, whole BIM modeling process, convenient, quick, accurate, is directed to medium and small bridges, from field operation scanning to having set up
Whole BIM models several hours, model error can be controlled in grade.
4th, after the filing of a large amount of bridge BIM models data informations is arranged, bridge BIM model libraries are set up, coordinates modern bridge
Bridge digitlization operation maintenance management in detection technique and one's respective area urban operating mechanism and road network system support area, can obtain fast
The beneficial effect that fast, efficient, high-precision bridge BIM models and model library are set up.
5th, it is integrated in real time, consult, modification, the various parameters information of shared bridge, coordinate modern Bridge Inspection and this
The digitlization such as the accurate maintenance of bridge, intelligent diagnostics and wisdom traffic fortune in region urban operating mechanism and road network system support area
The decision-making of maintenance work is sought, the digital management to bridge offers convenience.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is method of the present invention schematic flow sheet.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each implementation method
Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
Fig. 1 is refer to, is the system construction drawing of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Existing bridge fast B IM modelings of the invention
System, including:Three-dimensional modeling unit, BIM modeling units;Three-dimensional modeling unit is included at three-dimensional laser scanner, cloud data
Reason device, d solid modeling instrument;The input of the output end tie point cloud data processor of three-dimensional laser scanner, puts cloud number
The input of d solid modeling instrument is connected according to the output end of processor;BIM modeling units include BIM modeling tools, sensing
Device group, bridge BIM model libraries;Structural stress sensor is installed on the stress mornitoring position of bridge, the connection BIM modelings of its output end
The input of instrument, the output end of d solid modeling instrument connects the input of BIM modeling tools, BIM modeling tools it is defeated
Go out the input of end connection bridge BIM model libraries.The output port connection cloud server of d solid modeling device, for three-dimensional
The real-time release of physical model with share.
Wherein, three-dimensional laser scanner is used to scan bridge entity to obtain bridge entity cloud data, and sends to point
Cloud data processor;Point Cloud Processing device is used to pre-process cloud data, generates complete full-color point cloud model simultaneously
Send to d solid modeling instrument;D solid modeling instrument is used for the leak to each point cloud model face in full-color point cloud model
Repaired, generate three-dimensional entity model and send to BIM modeling tools.
Structural stress sensor is used to detect structure stress of bridge information and monitoring bridge operation real time information and send
To BIM modeling tools;BIM modeling tools are used for three-dimensional entity model, structure stress of bridge information and the bridge of typing bridge
Operation real time information, and three is integrated the three-dimensional for obtaining being integrated with structure stress of bridge information and bridge operation real time information
Physical model, stores to bridge BIM model libraries.
The input of bridge information management server connects the output end of bridge BIM model libraries;Bridge information management service
Device includes model management module, user management module, calls management module and system management module;Model management module is used for
Treatment new model storage and model data modification;User management module is used to manage subscriber data;Calling management module is used for
Manage and inquire about bridge information management server calls situation;System management module is used for the maintenance of data message.
Working theory and processing step of the invention is introduced with reference to Fig. 2.
1. data acquisition:
1) bridge floor scanning:For the collection of bridge floor road surface and its affiliated facility data, scanned using standing posture is set.According to spanning
Length L and scanner effective scanning scope D (the long range laser scanner of main flow is about 100~150m), sets along spanning direction
Rational bridge floor scanning movement number A ≈ L/D (the medium-sized beam bridge of a length of 30~100m of such as common bridge sets 1 station) are put, while
3 scanning websites are set in crossing and deck centre dividing strip respectively along vertical spanning direction, it is 3A always to set station number.
2) spanning scanning:For the collection of bridge facade spanning outline data, scanned using standing posture is set.On bridge both sides bank
Or other human eyes can be directly observed the position of spanning panorama.If standing setting formula of the number with reference to bridge floor scanning.
3) detail scans such as Bridge Pier:For the collection of pars basilaris pontis and substructure detail data, using unmanned plane machine
Carry scanning and the airborne scanning of mechanical arm is combined.Unmanned plane is remote control, and mechanical arm is from superstructure or bridge pier platform top overhanging type
Scanning.
4) image data is obtained:Multi-angle is carried out to bridge to take pictures, obtain the real apparent line of bridge using digital camera
Reason.
2. data processing
The cloud data that previous step is collected is imported into the special Point Cloud Processing software of three-dimensional laser scanner, will be swept
The multistation cloud data for retouching acquisition is pre-processed, including splicing to multistation data, is reduced noise and rejected mistake and many
The steps such as remaining cloud, by above-mentioned treatment, complete, accurate bridge point cloud model are spliced into by substation cloud data;
3. d solid modeling with it is shared
1) d solid modeling:Using 3 d modeling software by each point-like plane fitting of bridge point cloud model into entity table
Face, and it is detected, leak is repaired, so as to by bridge three-dimensional point cloud model hypostazation, become a complete three-dimensional real
Body Model, formation can be used for the three-dimensional entity model of BIM modelings.
2) model sharing, cooperates
The field operation image material that cooperation is got by digital camera, is carried out at texture mapping using d solid modeling software
Reason, true to nature, lively dummy model can be generated, for real-time Homepage Publishing with share, realize efficient collaborative work;
4.BIM is modeled
Using 3 d modeling software, press main member to bridge three-dimensional entity model, such as floorings, beam, pier stud, abutment,
Railing lamppost, means of transportation etc. carry out piecemeal treatment, generate bridge member three-dimensional entity model, then gather field operation scanning
Photographic material texture mapping treatment is carried out by 3DSMAX softwares, for real-time Homepage Publishing with share, realize efficient
Cooperate;By the piecemeal function of 3DSMAX, the bridge members such as bridge floor, handrail, bridge pier are derived the figure of DWG forms respectively
Paper, then the BIM modeling softwares transformation of ownership into race's file is directed respectively into, can be used to set up bridge member race storehouse.Using bridge member race, can
It is quick to set up with reference to drawing, middle completion bridge BIM models.Meanwhile, by the correlation non-geometry information collection such as bridge construction, contract documents
Into entering BIM models, and installed on entity bridge pressure sensor, displacement transducer, image it is first-class for gathering bridge operation
During real-time apparent, structural health conditions information, by IFC standard card cages, by bridge operation status of processes information collection
Into in BIM models, the bridge BIM models of information completely are formed;
5) model database is set up and is applied:A large amount of bridges in region are carried out with fast B IM modelings, category of model is whole
Reason forms one's respective area bridge BIM model databases, and develops matched bridge model data management system, data management system
System it is main by model management, data management, call management, four subsystems of system administration to constitute.Coordinate modern bridge machinery skill
Art, including bridge recognition, damage check and positioning etc. and one's respective area urban operating mechanism and road network system, with reference to Internet of Things, big number
According to emerging technologies such as, cloud computing, mobile Internets, bridge intelligent diagnostics, precisely maintenance, wisdom traffic three zones module are formed
Bridge digitlization operation maintenance management in support area.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modelings, it is characterised in that including:Three-dimensional modeling unit, BIM modeling units;
Three-dimensional modeling unit includes three-dimensional laser scanner, Point Cloud Processing device, d solid modeling instrument;Three-dimensional laser is swept
Retouch the input of the output end tie point cloud data processor of instrument, the output end connection d solid modeling of Point Cloud Processing device
The input of instrument;
BIM modeling units include BIM modeling tools, sensor group, bridge BIM model libraries;Structural stress sensor is installed on bridge
The stress mornitoring position of beam, its output end connects the input of BIM modeling tools, the output end connection of d solid modeling instrument
The input of BIM modeling tools, the output end of BIM modeling tools connects the input of bridge BIM model libraries;
Wherein, three-dimensional laser scanner is used to scan bridge entity to obtain bridge entity cloud data, and sends to point cloud number
According to processor;Point Cloud Processing device is used to pre-process cloud data, generates complete full-color point cloud model and sends
To d solid modeling instrument;D solid modeling instrument is used to carry out the leak in each point cloud model face in full-color point cloud model
Repair, generate three-dimensional entity model and send to BIM modeling tools;
Structural stress sensor is used to detect structure stress of bridge information and monitoring bridge operation real time information and send to BIM
Modeling tool;BIM modeling tools are used for three-dimensional entity model, structure stress of bridge information and the bridge operation reality of typing bridge
When information, and three integrated obtain being integrated with the 3D solid mould of structure stress of bridge information and bridge operation real time information
Type, stores to bridge BIM model libraries.
2. a kind of bridge fast B IM modelings as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including bridge information management
Server, the input of bridge information management server connects the output end of bridge BIM model libraries;Bridge information management server
Including model management module, user management module, call management module and system management module;
Model management module is used to process new model storage and model data modification;User management module is used to manage user's money
Material;Call management module for manage and inquire about bridge information management server call situation;System management module is used to count
It is believed that the maintenance of breath.
3. a kind of bridge fast B IM modelings as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also including cloud server, three
Tie up solid modeler output port connection cloud server, for three-dimensional entity model real-time release with share.
4. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) data acquisition:At least two scanning websites are set up in bridge surrounding, three-dimensional laser scanner is set up, scanning is obtained not
With the cloud data at visual angle;
(2) data processing:Each site cloud data for obtaining will be scanned to be processed, the bridge point cloud of complete and accurate is formed;
(3) d solid modeling:Using D modeling tool by bridge point-cloud fitting is into multiple surfaces and carries out leak repairing, shape
Into complete bridge three-dimensional entity model;
(4) BIM modelings:Component piecemeal treatment is carried out to bridge three-dimensional entity model using D modeling tool, BIM is directed respectively into
Modeling device is made race's file, builds bridge BIM models.
5. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that step also includes in (4)
The bridge BIM models of formation information completely in construction, operation maintenance information integration to BIM models will be produced.
6. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that utilize three-dimensional modeling
Instrument carries out piecemeal treatment to bridge three-dimensional entity model, is directed respectively into BIM modeling devices and is made race's file, builds bridge BIM moulds
Type.
7. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that also including step (5) mould
Type Database and application:Fast B IM modelings are carried out to a large amount of bridges in region, category of model is arranged to form one's respective area
Bridge BIM model databases, coordinate modern Bridge Inspection and one's respective area urban operating mechanism and road network system support area Nei Qiao
Beam digitlization operation maintenance management, realizes the intelligent diagnostics of bridge in region, precisely maintenance and the application of wisdom traffic.
8. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (1), for
Bridge shelter and there are barrier shield portions, set using unmanned aerial vehicle onboard scanning, the airborne scanning of mechanical arm or man-hour manually hand-held
Comprehensive, multi-angle comprehensive scanning is realized for scan mode, to obtain complete cloud data.
9. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step (2) is including as follows
Step:The multistation data of collection are spliced into the point cloud model of full-bridge according to the coordinate system that target is set up;By the body of a bridge and its surrounding
Because the erroneous point that the interference of the impurity such as the steam in air or airborne dust particle is produced is rejected;Around in addition to bridge entity
The unnecessary cloud data that environment is produced is rejected.
10. a kind of existing bridge fast B IM modeling methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that step (1) also includes
Field operation image data is obtained using image collection device multi-angle;Step (3) also includes the field operation image for coordinating field operation scanning to obtain
Data, carries out stick picture disposing to three-dimensional entity model, generates true to nature, lively dummy model, for high in the clouds real-time release with
Share, to improve the operating efficiency of online cooperation.
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