CN106776311A - A kind of software interface test data auto generation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of software interface test data auto generation method, methods described includes that (one) generates test data graph of a relation by parameter Pair-Cover algorithm；(2) the test data graph of a relation obtained using step (1), then test case is automatically generated by ant group algorithm.The present invention is by that can improve two combinations of algorithm the original problem that test case validity difference is directly generated with parameter Pair-Cover method, ensure that the validity of test data and the validity of test case, and can greatly shorten the Test Sample Design time, save substantial amounts of resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to software interface testing field, more particularly to a kind of software interface test data auto generation side
Method.
Background technology
Current software interface testing tool mainly biases toward the instruments such as the management to test job, such as QC, ITB can only
Safeguard the test case of manual entry, it is impossible to automatically generate test case, and existing automatically or semi-automatically generation interface is surveyed
The instrument of example on probation is often related to special business, it is impossible to general.
The specific shortcoming of existing generation interface testing use-case instrument includes：(1) Test Sample Design expends resource.With soft
Part scale becomes larger, quantity for the tested interface of software typically can at hundreds of or so, automation or semi-automation
The test that Test Sample Design instrument is such as carried out based on test using existing algorithm according to collection, it is necessary to prepare entry in advance
The test such as demand, design according to collection, expend substantial amounts of manpower and time.(2) Test Sample Design validity it cannot be guaranteed that.
Test and management instrument needs engineer's test case, and because business is not yet done or profile is limited, testing example design has
Effect property is often poor；The tool design use-case of automation or semi-automation is calculated according to existing algorithm, such as parameter Pair-Cover
Method generation test case basis be existing test data, and the validity of test data it cannot be guaranteed that, cause test case
Validity be also difficult to ensure that.
As can be seen here, above-mentioned existing software interface Test cases technology instrument has obviously still suffered from inconvenience and defect, and
Urgently it is further improved.How a kind of new software interface automatic example generation method is founded, as current industry
Boundary pole needs improved target.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of software interface automatic example generation method, can be big
The big shortening Test Sample Design time, and ensure the validity of test data and test case, so as to overcome existing software to connect
The deficiency of mouth Test cases technology instrument.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of software interface test data auto generation method, it is described
Method comprises the following steps：
(1) test data graph of a relation is generated by parameter Pair-Cover algorithm；
(2) the test data graph of a relation obtained using step (1), then test case is automatically generated by ant group algorithm.
Used as a modification of the present invention, the step (1) is comprised the following steps that：
(1) object, including defining interface, set of interfaces, interface testing use-case, interface parameters, parameter testing data are defined
Collection and parameter combinations of pairs；
(2) a tested interface is received, business scope, the class of languages with the tested interface is filtered out from historical data
One or more identical interface in type, interface name and parameter list attribute, forms set of interfaces, and obtain the sets of interfaces
Parameter type, the parameter testing number of the test case set of each interface and the affiliated parameter sets of each interface in conjunction
According to the pairing set of, parameter type；
(3) whether historical data is empty in judging the set of interfaces that step (2) is formed, if it is empty, using equivalence class method, side
Dividing value method is generated to the historical data, and if not empty, the parameter type for traveling through each interface in the set of interfaces is matched somebody with somebody
To set, the parameter pairing set consistent with the parameter type pairing of the tested interface is therefrom found, travel through the parameter and match somebody with somebody
Identical parameter is matched with the parameter of current traversal to finding parameter type in set, and obtains its parameter testing data, by it
Parameter testing data acquisition system is combined into the way of union；
(4) the test data values combination matched for every group of parameter in parameter pairing set, according to its test case
Implementation status provide corresponding quantitative assessment, test data graph of a relation is generated, wherein being provided according to test case implementation status
Quantitative assessment be：
Evaluate represents the evaluation of estimate of the test data values combination of parameter pairing, and value represents that two are matched parameter
Test data values, DefectLevel represent test data values combination where test case defect rank.
Further improve, ant group algorithm automatically generates comprising the following steps that for test case in the step (2)：
First, the parameter testing data acquisition system is ranked up, specifies a starting point, each ant is respectively using only
Vertical thread is simulated, and carries out pathfinding using transition probability computational methods, according to transition probability transfer ant method；When all
After ant completes pathfinding, then using the pheromones on pheromones volatilization/stacking method more new route, this process is repeated until completing
Given number of iterations, obtains test case of the most top n solution of traversal number of times as the tested interface.
Further improve, formula is followed using the superposition algorithm of pheromones in the execution information element volatilization/stacking method
It is as follows：
τij(t+n)=(1- ρ) τij(t)+Δτk ij(t)
Wherein ρ represents the evaporation rate of controllable pheromones, value between (0,1), τij(t+n) represent there is n apart from node t
Remaining information prime number value after individual node, τijT () represents the remaining information prime number value of node t,Represent an ant
The pheromones numerical value of release；Calculation take Ant-Cycle models, i.e., update all after often completing once to travel through
The pheromone concentration in path is：
Wherein, Q represents the pheromones total amount that kth ant discharges after completing once to travel through on path, LkRepresent kth only
Ant completes the total distance moved after once traveling through.
Further improve, the set of interfaces formed in the step (2) includes：
A, filtered out from history set of interfaces connect with the language form of the tested interface, business scope identical first
Mouthful, form first interface set；
B, query interface title is similar or identical with the tested interface name connects from the first interface set again
Mouthful, form second interface set；If do not inquired from the first interface set it is similar to the tested interface name or
Identical interface, then do not carry out screening and be directly entered step c；
C, the parameter list for obtaining from the first interface set or second interface set each interface, according to the ginseng
The attribute of ordered series of numbers table, finds identical with the tested interface parameter list from the first interface set or second interface set
Interface, formed the 3rd set of interfaces；If not finding parameter list order, parameter type, the equal accordant interface of parameter name,
One of which or several attribute identical interfaces are then found, the 4th set of interfaces is formed.
Further improve, the time complexity of the step (2) is directly proportional to historical data amount size, wherein the step
Time complexity is O (M*N), and M is interface quantity in historical data, and N is interface parameter list quantity in historical data.
After such design, the present invention at least has advantages below：
The present invention generates test data graph of a relation with parameter Pair-Cover method, and test case, two are generated with ant group algorithm
The combination of algorithm ensure that the validity of test data and the validity of test case, and can greatly shorten test case
Design time, saves substantial amounts of resource.
Brief description of the drawings
Above-mentioned is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand technological means of the invention, below
With reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of generation parameter test data graph of a relation in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the path schematic diagram in test data value set between each node in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The automatic generation method of invention software interface testing use-case be in existing interface testing use-case historical data,
The implementation status of correlation and test case according to parameter type, chooses quality test number higher from historical data
According to automatically generating test case in conjunction with ant group algorithm.
The method generates test data graph of a relation using parameter Pair-Cover algorithm, and generates survey using ant group algorithm
Two steps of example on probation, substantially increase the validity of Test cases technology.Comprise the following steps that：
First, the step of generating test data graph of a relation using parameter Pair-Cover algorithm is as follows, referring to the drawings shown in 1：
1st, object is defined：
Interface is defined：InterfaceName{ParamType ParamName,ParamType ParamName,String
field,String language}；
Interface testing use-case：InterfaceTestCase{Defect defect,int defectlevel}
Interface parameters：Param(ParamType paramType,ParamName paramName)
Parameter testing data set：Set ParamValueSet
Parameter combinations of pairs：Map ParamPair
Parameter pair-wise interaction coverage data acquisition system：Map ParamPairValue
2nd, a tested interface is received：
First according to language form, the business scope of tested interface, filter out it is all meet the requirements, i.e., with tested interface name
Claim the set of interfaces of similar or identical interface, form first interface set；From the first interface set query interface title with
Tested interface name is similar or identical interface, second interface set { InterfaceSet } is designated as, if do not inquired
Or identical interface similar to tested interface name, then do not carry out title screening.
3rd, analysis interface：
Obtain the parameter list of each interface in above-mentioned first interface set or second interface set { InterfaceSet }
{ ParamSet }, according to the attribute of parameter list, looks for from the first interface set or second interface set { InterfaceSet }
To with tested interface parameter list identical interface, formed the 3rd set of interfaces；If there is no parameter list order, parameter class
The equal accordant interface of type, parameter name, then find one of which or several attribute identical interfaces, forms the 4th set of interfaces；
If parameter list of the history interface from tested interface is different, the screening of parameter list is not carried out.
After the completion of screening process, the test use cases of each interface in the 3rd set of interfaces or the 4th set of interfaces are obtained
Close { TestCaseSet }, and the affiliated parameter sets of each interface { ParamSet } parameter type { ParamTypeSet }, ginseng
Number test data { ParamTestValue }, parameter type pairing set { ParamPairSet }.
The time complexity of the step is directly proportional to historical data amount size, is O (M*N), and M is interface quantity, and N is interface
Parameter list quantity.
4th, test data is obtained：
Travel through the parameter type pairing set of each interface in above-mentioned set of interfaces { InterfaceSet }
{ ParamPairSet }, therefrom finds the parameter pairing set consistent with the parameter type pairing of tested interface
{ParamPairSet_Same}.Parameter pairing set { ParamPairSet_Same } is traveled through, from parameter sets
Parameter type is found in { ParamSet } and matches ParamPairSet_Samek (intermediate temporary variable) with the parameter of current traversal
Identical parameter, obtains its parameter testing data, and it is added to set { ParamTestValue_ in the way of union
Typek } in (intermediate temporary variable), parameter testing data acquisition system { ParamValueSet }, specific shape are can obtain after completing traversal
Formula is { ParamTestValue_Type0, ParamTestValue_Type1 ... .ParamTestValue_Typek }, finally will
Data in { ParamValueSet } are corresponding in turn in parameter pairing set { ParamPairSet_Same }, are formed parameter and are matched somebody with somebody
To test data set { ParamPairValue }, such as the aggregate form of table 1：
The parameter of table 1 matches the set formed with test data
Note：ParamTypei is i-th parameter of interface, and ParamTypek is k-th parameter of interface, in form examples
Represent that ParamTypei and ParamTypek has two test datas, i.e. Valuei0, Valuei1, Valuek0, Valuek1.
If in addition, in above-mentioned set of interfaces historical data for sky, using equivalence class method, boundary values to the history number
According to being generated, and then complete the step.
The execution time of the step depends on the size of historical data, and time complexity is O (N), and N is number of parameters.
5th, update test data and complete test data graph of a relation：
For the test data values combination that each group of parameter is matched, the execution feelings of the test case that algorithm can be according to where it
Condition provides corresponding quantitative assessment：
Evaluate represents the evaluation of estimate of the test data values combination of parameter pairing in the formula, and value represents that two are matched somebody with somebody
To the test data values of parameter, DefectLevel refer to test data values combination where the grade of defect looked for of test case, should
Grade is divided into 4 grades, and respectively fatal, serious, general, suggestion, corresponding value is the defect that 2,4,8,16, i.e. test case find
Sum M value is bigger, and corresponding DefectLevel is smaller, so as to { ParamPairSet_Same } by more than is updated to：
Parameter after table 2 updates matches the set ({ ParamPairSet_Same } aggregate form) formed with test data
Note：It is corresponding that Evaik0~Evaik3 is respectively each test data combinations of pairs of ParamTypei and ParamTypek
Assessed value.The test data value set { ParamPairSet_Same } that above-mentioned steps are formed is actually a data knot for figure
Structure, as shown in Figure 2.All of ParamType is each node in figure,<ParamTypei,ParamTypek>Be from i to
The path (i is i-th parameter of tested interface, and k is k-th parameter of tested interface) of k, the value of evaluate is the length in path
Short, the select permeability of interface testing use-case is converted into algorithm the problem for seeking shortest path.
Existing parameter Pair-Cover method is typically employed in Test cases technology, and the present invention is applied in test number
According to centering, and an assessed value is increased on the basis of original algorithm, i.e., the problem number that use-case finds, the assessed value can
Accuracy rate is matched in greatly lifting.
2nd, test case algorithm is generated：
Using OOP mode, the ant colony pathfinding algorithm is specific as follows：
Call ant colony pathfinding algorithm main body A ntFindWay (List<Ant>listAnt,List<Param>listParam)
Pathfinding is carried out, needs to complete given number of iterations in implementation procedure, iteration needs to allow all ants to complete once to solve each time
Process, i.e. traversal complete all parameters.
When the method is called, above-mentioned parameter test data set is ranked up, specifies a starting point, each ant point
Shi Yong not a separate threads simulation, calling branch method for calculating probability CalPercent during pathfinding
(IEnumerable<Param>ListNotArrived, Ant ant), according to transition probability shift ant method
SelectPathByPercent(IEnumerable<Param>listNotArrived,Ant ant,List<Path>
ListUsedPath), after all ants complete to solve, execution information element volatilization/superposition CalInfo (List<Path>
ListUsedPath) the pheromones on method more new route, repeat this process until iterations is completed.Now obtain traversal time
Count test case of most top n solutions as tested interface.
It is in execution information element volatilization/superposition CalInfo methods using the superposition algorithm of pheromones, it then follows formula is such as
Under：
τij(t+n)=(1- ρ) τij(t)+Δτk ij(t) (2)
Wherein ρ represents the evaporation rate of controllable pheromones, value between (0,1), τij(t+n) represent there is n apart from node t
Remaining information prime number value after individual node, τijT () represents the remaining information prime number value of node t,Represent an ant
The pheromones numerical value of release,Calculation take Ant-Cycle models, i.e., update all after often completing once to travel through
The pheromone concentration in path is：
Wherein, Q represents the pheromones total amount that kth ant discharges after completing once to travel through on path, LkRepresent kth only
Ant completes the total distance moved after once traveling through.The pheromones clearing of Ant-Cycle models are to complete the laggard of traversal
OK, the pheromones amount on each section of path that ant passes through is identical, is inversely proportional with total path length.
The main object of original ant group algorithm is changed into known data acquisition system by the present invention from unknown path, and be increased
The function of initial search point is set, is that search graph increased direction, it is to avoid algorithm causes result different because of random execution difference,
And then the validity of test case is had influence on, therefore, ant group algorithm is applied automatically generating in interface testing use-case by the present invention
On, it is ensured that the validity of test case.
The automatic generation method of invention software interface testing use-case only needs to the test data of history, tested interface structure
And the ant number of the artificial number of times that iteration is set and needs, it is not necessary to the information such as extra entry requirement description,
Parameter list that interface structure includes, parameter type can be matched with test data, and iterations determines selected survey
The number of example on probation, ant number determines to be chosen the accuracy of test case, and iterations and ant number can be by designers
Flexibly set according to running environment, test request, setting the different influences to test result can almost ignore.
To sum up, parameter Pair-Cover method is applied to generation survey by the automatic generation method of invention software interface testing use-case
In examination data, and ant group algorithm is applied in generation test case, following skill can be reached by two combinations of algorithm
Art effect：
1st, validity is high when test data is multiplexed
According to above-mentioned technical proposal, parameter Pair-Cover method is used during multiplexing historical test data, the method is to borrow
The thought of some parameter Pair-Cover methods generation test case is multiplexed to test data, improves and directly used parameter originally
The problem of the validity difference of Pair-Cover method generation test case.
2nd, the automation generation test case degree of accuracy is high, and need not expend extra resource
Using ant group algorithm incorporating parametric Pair-Cover algorithm, effective historical data can either be multiplexed, and can be by matching somebody with somebody
To historical test data automatically generate test case, and because ant group algorithm itself has distributed, self-organizing and feedback
As a result the characteristics of accuracy is high, wherein, distributed nature is independent of each other between being able to ensure that the parameter of interface, it is ensured that will not be because matching somebody with somebody
Pair and miss important test data；Self-organizing is from independence to accurately combining the process drawn close so that test case pathfinding
Footpath process gradually tends to optimal；Good feedback mechanism realizes that pheromones are folded over time by pheromones
Add deduct few equivalent to being path assignment coefficient, the maximum path of coefficient is optimal solution；Therefore finally ensure that the test of generation is used
Accuracy, the validity of example.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any formal limitation is not made to the present invention, this
Art personnel make a little simple modification, equivalent variations or modification using the technology contents of the disclosure above, all fall within this hair
In bright protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of software interface test data auto generation method, it is characterised in that methods described comprises the following steps：
(1) test data graph of a relation is generated by parameter Pair-Cover algorithm；
(2) the test data graph of a relation obtained using step (1), then test case is automatically generated by ant group algorithm.
2. software interface test data auto generation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
(1) comprise the following steps that：
(1) define object, including defining interface, set of interfaces, interface testing use-case, interface parameters, parameter testing data set and
Parameter combinations of pairs；
(2) receive a tested interface, filtered out from historical data with the business scope of the tested interface, language form,
One or more identical interface in interface name and parameter list attribute, forms set of interfaces, and obtain the set of interfaces
In each interface test case set and the parameter type of the affiliated parameter sets of each interface, parameter testing data,
Parameter type pairing set；
(3) whether historical data is empty in judging the set of interfaces that step (2) is formed, if it is empty, using equivalence class method, boundary value
Method is generated to the historical data, if not empty, travels through the parameter type pairing set of each interface in the set of interfaces
Close, therefrom find the parameter pairing set consistent with the parameter type pairing of the tested interface, travel through the parameter pairing set
Parameter type is found in conjunction and matches identical parameter with the parameter of current traversal, and obtain its parameter testing data, by it with simultaneously
The mode of collection is combined into parameter testing data acquisition system；
(4) the test data values combination matched for every group of parameter in parameter pairing set, according to holding for its test case
Market condition provides corresponding quantitative assessment, test data graph of a relation is generated, wherein according to determining that test case implementation status is provided
Amount is evaluated as：
Evaluate represents the evaluation of estimate of the test data values combination of parameter pairing, and value represents two tests of pairing parameter
Data value, DefectLevel represent test data values combination where test case defect rank.
3. software interface test data auto generation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(2) ant group algorithm automatically generates comprising the following steps that for test case in：
First, the parameter testing data acquisition system is ranked up, specifies a starting point, each ant uses independent lines respectively
Journey is simulated, and carries out pathfinding using transition probability computational methods, according to transition probability transfer ant method；When all ants
After completing pathfinding, then using the pheromones on pheromones volatilization/stacking method more new route, repeat this process and specified until completing
Iterations, obtains test case of the most top n solution of traversal number of times as the tested interface.
4. software interface test data auto generation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described to perform letter
Formula followed using the superposition algorithm of pheromones in the plain volatilization/stacking method of breath as follows：
τij(t+n)=(1- ρ) τij(t)+Δτk ij(t)
Wherein ρ represents the evaporation rate of controllable pheromones, value between (0,1), τij(t+n) represent there be n section apart from node t
Remaining information prime number value after point, τijT () represents the remaining information prime number value of node t,Represent an ant release
Pheromones numerical value；Calculation take Ant-Cycle models, i.e., often complete to update all paths after once traveling through
Pheromone concentration be：
Wherein, Q represents the pheromones total amount that kth ant discharges after completing once to travel through on path, LkRepresent kth ant
Complete the total distance moved after once traveling through.
5. software interface test data auto generation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(2) set of interfaces formed in includes：
A, language form, business scope identical interface with the tested interface are filtered out from history set of interfaces first,
Form first interface set；
B, again the query interface title interface similar or identical with the tested interface name, shape from the first interface set
Into second interface set；If not inquired from the first interface set similar or identical with the tested interface name
Interface, then do not carry out screening and be directly entered step c；
C, the parameter list for obtaining from the first interface set or second interface set each interface, arrange according to the parameter
The attribute of table, finds from the first interface set or second interface set and is connect with the tested interface parameter list identical
Mouthful, form the 3rd set of interfaces；If not finding parameter list order, parameter type, the equal accordant interface of parameter name, seek
One of which or several attribute identical interfaces are looked for, the 4th set of interfaces is formed.
6. software interface test data auto generation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step
(2) time complexity is directly proportional to historical data amount size, and wherein the time complexity of the step is O (M*N), and M is history
Interface quantity in data, N is interface parameter list quantity in historical data.
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Application publication date: 20170531 |