CN106774016A - A kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device - Google Patents
A kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106774016A CN106774016A CN201710077718.4A CN201710077718A CN106774016A CN 106774016 A CN106774016 A CN 106774016A CN 201710077718 A CN201710077718 A CN 201710077718A CN 106774016 A CN106774016 A CN 106774016A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
Abstract
The invention discloses the SCM Based intelligent material control device of one kind, including Master control chip and the connected weight signal collecting unit of difference and direct current motor system control unit；The weight signal collecting unit gathers weight of material, sends Master control chip to；The direct current motor system control unit includes current detection circuit, Rotating speed measring circuit and PWM control modules, it is respectively used to detect the electric current and rotary speed information of direct current motor system, and Master control chip is sent to, Master control chip controls the operation of direct current motor system by PWM control modules.Weight signal is converted into voltage signal by the present invention by load sensor, it is then passed to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer sends trigger pulse control signal to control the angle of flow or dutycycle of converters, carry out the armature voltage size of controlled motor, so as to reach the purpose of control rotation speed change, there is simple structure, detect that comprehensive, with low cost, stability is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material security configuration technology, more particularly to a kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device.
Background technology
Feed proportioning system originated from for 19 end of the centurys, since the industrial revolution, the development that every new technology is advanced by leaps and bounds, with belt
The appearance of Transmission system, feed proportioning system also meets the tendency of.Earliest belt transmission system weighing principle comes from bucket conveyor
To the device of the continuous automatic weighing of bulk material.After World War II, with sensor technology, electronic technology it is swift and violent
Development, the development of feed proportioning system is also to advance by leaps and bounds.
The development of feed proportioning system substantially experienced the following four stage：
First stage is the Purely mechanical feed proportioning system in the last century five, sixties, is generally swept using mechanical, photo-electric
Retouch or incremental encoder etc., only there is the feed proportioning system in this stage identification to count and startup function.
Second stage is the sensor electronic instrument feed proportioning system in the 60 to 70's, with analog circuit and digital circuit
Develop rapidly, engendered the dispensing electrodynamic instrument of various miniaturizations.Can be realized balancing, recognize and adding up meter with instrument
The functions such as calculation.
3rd, fourth stage be 20th century late nineteen seventies microcomputer-based intelligent feed proportioning system.Computer is drawn first
Enter electronic proportioning system, substantially increase its integrated level.Feed proportioning system cumulative amount computing now instead of using summation
Integration method.
The feed proportioning system in first and second stage can only carry out simply measurement, cumulative calculation, and the degree of accuracy is not high, to being
Change in system running is uncontrollable, therefore its metering process degree of accuracy is low, bad dynamic performance, deficient in stability.And the
3rd, the feed proportioning system controller set in four stages microcomputer technology, testing technology, mechanics of communication, network technology, industry control
The technologies such as system, not only increase the accuracy of metering, and to its in metering process produced problem can real-time monitoring and
Control, meanwhile, automatically controlling for the function such as display, alarm, zeroing of instrument is also more and more perfect.And the development of mechanics of communication is more
It is function of the remote maintenance and diagnosis with data transfer for enhancing instrument.
Research and development and design aspect in automatic batching system, the starting of European and American developed countries are more early, and China at that time exists
Under the governance of Qing Government, foreign policy of seclusion is taken so that China does not introduce these advanced technologies timely.Opium
After war, some advanced intellectuals of China come to realise the powerful of western sciences technology, and the ludicrous conceit stemming from pure ignorance has been removed gradually
Eyes, take a broad view the world, beginning felt one's way under the compressing of the Western imperialist powers.
After founding of New, government pays much attention to the development of science and technology.The science and technology of China is advanced by leaps and bounds, constantly
Overcome technical problem.Wherein batching control system has its important function crucial as one in terms of each production field
Link is even more and achieves great success.
In recent years, developing rapidly with computer technology, original feed proportioning system is carried out technical elements improve into
Be inevitable trend, it is proposed that by data acquisition, automatically control, remotely monitor, alarm, operational management, frequency control etc. it is many
The technical improvement method of aspect.When production task is heavy, it is desirable to which system can accelerate speed of production, centralized Control motor
Startup, browse production industrial flow chart, make the functions such as accident alarming response, the regulation motor speed of service, realize required work(
The centralized Control of energy, this requires that system can realize remote control function, and field apparatus is monitored in real time.
First, the generation and extensive use of large scale integrated chip (LSI chip) cause that the control system of stabilization safety has obtained basic
Ensure, but under some harsh environment, the system failure still occurs often, cause product that we produce can because
External disturbance dispensing lack of proper care and it is unqualified, so system has much room for improvement in the antijamming capability of adverse circumstances.
Second, especially there are high requirement, one to the proportioning accuracy of material in chemical technology in the middle of the industrial production
As Ingredient Automatic Control System be difficult to meet and require, it is necessary to develop the equipment of high precision and high sensitivity to realize a this kind of industry
The production automation.For this point, we except being taken some measures in hardware aspect, selection performance component higher：
Can also be made an effort on software programming.
3rd, although modern industrial automation brings great convenience to our production and living, at the same time
Harmful effect is also generated to environment, it would be desirable in process of production using some means cause our production it is more environmentally friendly,
It is more energy efficient, conscientiously implement the strategy of sustainable development.
Analysis more than, it can be seen that Ingredient Automatic Control System is also perfect by some, with very deep
Research Significance.
In view of above-mentioned prior art, the applicant has made beneficial design, technical scheme described below be
Produced under this background.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to：A kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device is provided, it is complete with simple structure, detection
Face, the advantages of with low cost, stability is preferable, with good application value.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device, including Master control chip and the connected weight letter of difference
Number collecting unit and direct current motor system control unit；The weight signal collecting unit includes that the weight signal being sequentially connected is adopted
Collector, signal filtering amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuits, are respectively used to gather weight of material, and it is amplified to gather signal
Again by sending Master control chip after analog-to-digital conversion to；The direct current motor system control unit includes current detection circuit, turns
Speed detection circuit and PWM control modules, are respectively used to detect the electric current and rotary speed information of direct current motor system, and be sent to master control
Coremaking piece, Master control chip controls the operation of direct current motor system by PWM control modules.
Preferably, described Master control chip uses AT89C52 single-chip microcomputers.
Preferably, the weight signal Acquisition Circuit uses resistance strain sensor semibridge system measuring circuit.
Preferably, the filter amplification circuit is amplified using AD620 chips to the weight signal for detecting.
Preferably, the A/D change-over circuits use 8 A/D converter ADC0809, and the mould for obtaining will be amplified by AD620
Intend signal and be converted to data signal.
Preferably, the PWM control modules obtain constant DC voltage using IGBT as buffer circuit.
Preferably, the current detection circuit of described direct current motor system is sensed using LA25A-NP Hall-types DC current
Device, DC bus current is flowed into from the I+ pins of LA25A-NP, and two secondary side electric currents are exported by M pins, the voltage signal for collecting
The magnitude of voltage of 0~5V is enlarged into through ratio amplifier LM345, enters the A/D inputs of ADC0809, export and connect 5.1V voltage-stabiliser tubes with
Protect the A/D input ports of ADC0809.Output signal connects the IN-1 ports of ADC0809.
Preferably, described Rotating speed measring circuit, using the photoelectric encoder of raster count N=1024 lines as revolution speed sensing
Device, the tachometer pulse frequency that photoelectric encoder is produced has fixed proportionate relationship with motor speed, using M/T method speed measurement treatments.
Preferably, described Master control chip is also associated with Key and display circuit, and core is extended as I/O using 8155H
Piece, using 8279 as system keyboard and display interface device chip；The keyboard is using 4 × 4 row-column configurations, 16 keys of composition
Matrix keyboard；Display circuit uses line decoder 74LS154 and the LED digital display tube of 4 line -16.
Preferably, the power-supply system of described feed proportioning system automatic control system is using whole by power transformer, diode
The voltage-stabilized power supply of current circuit, filter circuit and mu balanced circuit four part composition provide single-chip microcomputer, d type flip flop 4013, AD0809,
SN74191 needs+5V power supplys, AD620 needs ± 5V, the linear power supply of bridge measuring circuit needs ± 12V, LA25A-NP needs
The power supply of ± 12V.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
SCM Based intelligent material control device provided by the present invention, is turned weight signal by load sensor
Turn to voltage signal, the voltage signal after filtering, signal amplify, the ultra-weak electronic signal that will be collected is converted into certain analog quantity
A/D converter is given again and is converted to data signal, be then passed to single-chip microcomputer, send trigger pulse control signal by I/O mouthfuls to control
The angle of flow or dutycycle of converters processed, carry out the armature voltage size of controlled motor, turn so as to reach control
The purpose of speed change.There is simple structure, detect that comprehensive, with low cost, stability is preferable, with good application valency
Value.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described：
Fig. 1 is SCM Based intelligent material control device block diagram module map of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of weight signal Acquisition Circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of signal filtering amplifying circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the electrical schematic diagram of A/D change-over circuits of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the minimum system electrical schematic diagram of single-chip microcomputer of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the electrical schematic diagram of IGBT buffer circuits of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is pwm converter circuit electrical schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is overall connection current signal collection change-over circuit figure of the invention.
Fig. 9 is that rate signal of the invention detects circuit interconnect pattern electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is pwm signal generation circuit of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the electrical schematic diagram of PWM drive circuit figure of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the electrical schematic diagram of 8155H of the present invention and the interface circuit of single-chip microcomputer；
Figure 13 is the electrical schematic diagram of keyboard wiring diagram of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the electrical schematic diagram of keyboard-display circuit wiring diagram of the present invention；
Figure 15 is voltage-stabilized power supply circuit flow chart of the present invention；
Figure 16 is power circuit principle figure of the present invention；
Figure 17 is+15V power supplys of the invention and Power Groud power circuit.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, disclosed SCM Based intelligent material control device, including Master control chip and
The connected weight signal collecting unit of difference and direct current motor system control unit；The weight signal collecting unit includes
Weight signal Acquisition Circuit, signal filtering amplifying circuit and the A/D change-over circuits being sequentially connected, are respectively used to gather material weight
Amount, and it is amplified again by sending Master control chip after analog-to-digital conversion to gather signal；The direct current motor system control is single
Unit include current detection circuit, Rotating speed measring circuit and PWM control modules, be respectively used to detect direct current motor system electric current and
Rotary speed information, and Master control chip is sent to, Master control chip controls the operation of direct current motor system by PWM control modules.
The system with AT89C52 series monolithics be main control chip, first by load sensor by weight signal
Be converted into voltage signal, the voltage signal after filtering, signal amplify, the ultra-weak electronic signal that will be collected is converted into certain simulation
Amount is given A/D converter and is converted to data signal again, is then passed to single-chip microcomputer.By software programming, realize being directed to the input number
Some algorithms of word signal, by I/O mouthfuls send trigger pulse control signal come control converters angle of flow or
Person's dutycycle, carrys out the armature voltage size of controlled motor, so as to reach the purpose of control rotation speed change.
Electric machine control system uses der Geschwindigkeitkreis, electric current loop double closed loop speed regulation system, can reach rapid controlled motor rotation speed change,
The purposes such as fast and stable rotating speed.System uses high-resolution digital trigger and high accuracy number speed measuring device.Its inner ring is electricity
Stream feedback and control ring, outer shroud are motor speed feedback and control ring, and the regulation of inner ring and outer rings is all by AT89C52 microcomputers
Software completes the computing of numeral PI control laws.
As shown in Fig. 2 being weight signal acquisition circuit, measuring circuit therein uses most common bridge-type measuring circuit,
What is used is resistance strain sensor semibridge system measuring circuit.The characteristics of direct-current bridge is that signal will not receive each element and wire
The influence of distributed inductance and electric capacity, strong antijamming capability, but because the output signal of mechanical strain is small, it is desirable to it is steady with high-gain and height
Qualitatively amplifier amplifies.Its two foil gauges and two resistance are attached on spring beam, and measurement resistance causes with Gravity changer
The change that spring beam is strained and produced, the change of resistance makes the output voltage of bridge-type measuring circuit change, i.e. output voltage
Change reflect the change of gravity.When bridge output connects infinitely great load resistance, visual output end is open circuit, now directly
Stream electric bridge is referred to as voltage bridge, i.e. only voltage output.
When the internal resistance of power supply is ignored, had by voltage divider principle：
When meeting condition R1*R3=R2*R4When, i.e.,
R1/R2=R4/R3 (3-2)
uo=0, i.e. bridge balance.Formula (3-2) claims equilibrium condition.
Foil gauge measuring bridge makes bridge balance before measuring, so that bridge output voltage and foil gauge sense during measurement
The resistance variations caused by strain received are relevant.
If differential work, i.e. R1=R+ △ R, R2=R, R3=R, R4=R- △ R, by formula (3-1), then electric bridge is output as
As shown in figure 3, be weight signal filtering amplifying circuit, via the signal after the circuit transformations such as electric bridge it is fainter and
And also many interference signals, it is difficult to it is used directly to show, record, control or carry out signal conversion.Therefore, in measuring circuit often
It is provided with Simulation scale-up link and filter circuit.The voltage signal of pressure sensor output is millivolt level, wherein high along with some
Frequency is disturbed, low-frequency noise etc..So the electrochemical capacitor that should in circuit set big a pair filters low-frequency noise and a pair common
Small capacitances eliminate High-frequency Interference.On the other hand, detection circuit is very high to operational amplifier requirement.The input signal of amplifier is general
It is to be exported by sensor.Not only level is low for the output signal of sensor, and internal resistance is high, is also often accompanied by common-mode voltage higher.Cause
This, typically there is the following requirement to amplifier：
1st, input impedance should be much larger than singal source resistance.Otherwise, the load effect of amplifier can be such that surveyed voltage causes partially
Difference.
2nd, anti-common-mode voltage interference performance is strong.
3rd, there is stable and accurate gain, good linear in predetermined frequency bandwidth, input drift and noise should be enough
The small signal to noise ratio to ensure to require.So as to ensure amplifier output performance stabilization.
4th, some circuits for adapting to particular requirement can be added.Outer meeting resistance adjustment, convenience such as amplifier gain is accurate
Range switching, polarity auto-changing etc..
The system is amplified using AD620 chips to the weight signal for detecting, and such chip internal is using differential defeated
Enter, common-mode rejection ratio is high, differential-mode input impedance is big, and high gain, precision is also very good, and external interface is simple.Can be by changing
The size of RG changes the gain of amplifier.And with small volume, low in energy consumption, high precision, noise is low and input bias current is low
The characteristics of.AD620 is a low cost, high-precision meter amplifier, it is only necessary to which a non-essential resistance sets gain, gain model
Enclose for 1 to 10,000.Additionally, AD620 power consumptions relatively low (maximum source current only 1.3mA), degree of precision (maximum nonlinearity
40ppm), low maladjustment voltage (most 50V) and low offset drift (maximum 0.6V/ DEG C) characteristic.AD620 is the integrated instrument of three amplifiers
Amplifier architecture, is the high accuracy of protection gain control, and the triode of its input provides simple differential bipolar input, and adopts
Lower input bias current is obtained with β techniques, by the feedback of input stage inside amplifier, the colelctor electrode of input triode is kept
Electric current is constant, and input voltage is added on outside gain control resistance Rg.Two internal gain resistance of AD620 are 24.7k
Ω, thus gain equation formula is G=49.4k Ω/Rg+1 (3-3)
For required gain, then external control resistance value is Rg=49.4/ (G-1) k Ω.Resistance R17, R20 and electric capacity
C9, C10, C11, C12 are used to filter the noise of prime, and C9, C11 are common small capacitances, can filter High-frequency Interference, C10, C12
It is big electrochemical capacitor, is mainly used in filtering low-frequency noise.The effect of 5.1V voltage-stabiliser tubes D16 is to be less than AD620 voltage outputs
ADC0809 is input into maximum, prevents from causing wafer damage.
As shown in figure 4, being A/D change-over circuits, it is by 8 path analoging switch, address latch decoder, an A/
D converters and a ternary output latch composition.Variable connector can gate 8 analog channels, it is allowed to which 8 tunnel analog quantity timesharing are defeated
Enter, shared A/D converter is changed.Ternary output lock device is used to latch the digital quantity that A/D is converted, when OE ends are high level
When, can just take the data for converting away from ternary output latch.For single-chip microcomputer and the interface circuit of ADC0809, I makes
It is connected as control signal with single-chip microcomputer with OR-NOT circuit.Logic data signal is sent directly by the data port P0 of AT89C52
Be connected in 8 data lines of ADC0809, address input line A, B, C of ADC0809 respectively by the P2.4 of single-chip microcomputer, P2.5,
Tri- port controllings of P2.6, any one that can be gated after decoding in eight passages of IN0~IN7 is AD converted, for controlling
AD0809 analog signals input channel processed.On the other hand, it is defeated using Chip Microcomputer A LE pins because ADC0809 is without internal clocking
Go out clock signal through giving the CLK pins of ADC0809 after d type flip flop two divided-frequency.Weight acquisition signal by AD620 amplify with
It is followed by IN0 mouthfuls of ADC0809.Interrupt request singal is input into by INT0 mouthfuls of the EOC terminations single-chip microcomputer of ADC0809.
As shown in figure 5, being the minimum system of single-chip microcomputer, system, as control centre, is born using the AT89C52 of ATM companies
Duty receives the signal of data and external equipment, reprocesses data, sends control signal, to reach required requirement.Single-chip microcomputer
P0 mouthfuls is connected with the data wire of A/D converter, latch 74LS373.Keyboard, display connect by 8279 with single-chip microcomputer, single
The P1 mouthfuls of expanded rear data port with 8279 of piece machine connects, and the line of keyboard meets 8279 RL0-RL3, SL0-SL3 warps
74LS138 decoding outputs, connect the alignment of keyboard, and SL0-SL3 is decoded by 74LS154 and exported again, to display after being driven through 7407
Each the common cathode of device LED.Output line OUTB0-OUTB3, OUTA0-OUTA3 are used as 8 section code selection data
Output port, in the simple keyboard within connecting 32 keys, CNTL, SHIFT input of 8279 chips can be grounded.74LS07 cores
Piece be 8279 as the section code selection output port of LED numeral method devices driven in phase chip.
Each interface circuit of single-chip microcomputer：An indirect 12MHz crystal oscillator of XTAL1 and XTAL2, two 30pF's in parallel is small
Electric capacity constitutes resonance circuit；P1.0-P1.7 connects 8155H chips and first carries out an I/O mouthfuls of extension, then by 8155H data terminals
The DB0-DB7 that PB0-PB7 connects 8279 carrys out control keyboard/display module.IO/M mouthfuls of P3.0 controls 8155H.P3.1 is used as 8155H
The chip selection signal of chip, controls its gating work.P2.3 is used as 8279 chip selection signal, controls its work；P0.0-P0.7 connects
74LS373 and ADC0809 is used for realizing A/D modular converters；P2.7 and P3.6 (WR) and P3.7 (RD) connect nor gate and control respectively
START, ALE and ENABLE port of ADC0809.P3.2 (INT0) is used for receiving the interrupt request singal of ADC0809, makes A/D
Converter can be with single-chip microcomputer proper communication.P2.4, P2.5, P2.6 connect A, B, C mouthful of ADC0809 for selecting that to be changed to lead to
Road；P2.0 selects input to control 8253 to bring into operation as 8253 chip slappers.P2.1, P2.2 meet A0, A1 of 8253 chips
Mouthful, for the working method of control counter.P3.3 (INT1) be used for receive 8253 interrupt request singal, control counter with
The normal communication of single-chip microcomputer；GND is grounded, and VSS connects+5V power supplys.
As shown in Fig. 6 Fig. 7, Fig. 6 is IGBT buffer circuits, and Fig. 7 is pwm converter circuit.The dc source of pwm converter
Generally there is AC network to be produced by uncontrollable commutation diode, and using bulky capacitor filtering, to obtain constant DC voltage.
But because capacitance is very big, equivalent to short circuit when suddenly switched on power supply, it will produce very big charging current, be easily damaged
Component in circuit, so the big resistance that to be connected between rectifier and filter capacitor, uses time delay again after power turn-on
Switch is by the resistive short, in order to avoid cause unnecessary loss the design current-limiting resistance to take 1K, a switch in parallel in operation.By
Transient current can be very big in circuit, and for the sake of security, switch takes relay adhesive, is controlled with P3.4 mouthfuls of single-chip microcomputer
Relay works.Power device overcurrent caused when opening and turning off is different with over-voltage condition, open-minded in power device
When, electric current rises rapidly, and di/dt is very big；When power device is turned off, du/dt rises rapidly, and overvoltage very high occurs.If
To consider these two aspects factor during meter buffer circuit.Opening buffer circuit can suppress current-rising-rate by series inductance
Di/dt, but because inductance volume ratio is larger, generally IGBT turn-on consumptions can be subject to by improving raster data model condition
Control, so the buffer circuit function of IGBT is more focused on the absorption of overvoltage in turn off process and suppresses.In order that power device
Overvoltage is effectively suppressed and is reduced turn-off power loss when part is turned off, and the design turns off RC buffer circuits using discrete.RC
Buffer circuit is mainly used in element with small capacity, such as Fig. 3-5, and when IGBT is opened, buffer circuit electric capacity C will be put by R to IGBT
Electricity, accelerates the electric current i rates of climb；When IGBT is turned off, load current is shunted by R to C, alleviates the burden of IGBT, is pressed down
Du/dt and overvoltage are made.The following parameter of selection Main Basiss of IGBT in the design：On-state average current ITa, off-state repeat
Crest voltage UURMAnd repetitive peak reverse voltage URRM.Wherein：
ITa=(1.5--2) KfbId (3-4)
UURM=URRM=(2--3) Um (3-5)
In formula：Kfb--- on-state average current design factor, 0.368 is equal under the conditions of three-phase bridge rectification；
Id--- direct current generator rated current；
Um--- maximum peak voltage.
After being calculated through above formula, I is selectedTa=10A, UURM=URRMThe IGBT of=1200V.The capacitance-resistance experience in parallel with IGCT
Data are：Electric capacity takes 0.1 μ F, the Ω of resistance 100.
As shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 is current signal gathers change-over circuit LA25-NP Hall-type DC current sensors.Its input
Maximum current range is 25A, and the corresponding two secondary sides output currents of 25A are 25mA；Electric current is between primary side loop and secondary loop
It is insulation.LA25-NP Hall-types DC current sensor has precision and the good linearity higher, antijamming capability
By force.DC bus current is flowed into from the I+ pins of LA25A-NP, and two secondary side electric currents are exported by M pins.The voltage signal for collecting
The magnitude of voltage of 0~5V is enlarged into through ratio amplifier LM345, enters the A/D inputs of ADC0809, export and connect 5.1V voltage-stabiliser tubes with
Protect the A/D input ports of ADC0809.Output signal connects the IN-1 ports of ADC0809.
As shown in figure 9, rate signal detects circuit interconnect pattern, the low and high level of photoelectric encoder output connects 74LS136 cores
Piece carries out two frequency-doubled signal treatment, exports tachometer pulse.Then the CLK ends of d type flip flop 4013 are connected to.8253 0 passage, 1 lead to
Road counter is respectively to m1And m2Counted, d type flip flop is used for making m2Counting and tachometer pulse count synchronization, by d type flip flop
Output Q connect 8253 GATE1, control m2Count pulse.Because 8253 are counted for trailing edge, therefore pulse signal is passed through
Reverser 74LS04 is connected to 8253 GATE0 ends.Because Singlechip clock frequency is 12MHz, ALE pins have the work of six frequency dividings
With, so ALE pins output frequency is 2MHz, and the high frequency clock frequency for needing is 2MHz, so can directly by ALE pins and
8253 CLK1 is connected, to survey m2High-frequency impulse is provided.Start tachometer signal from AT89C52 single-chip microcomputers are carried out software programming to
P2.0 mouthfuls of output chip selects control signal, starts 8253.Sending signal control d type flip flop work by the PC0 ports of 8155H again makes m1
And m2Synchronous counting, No. 0 of 8253 and No. 1 counter occupation mode 2 work.This side is initialized into by mcu programming
After formula, counting process can be monitored with GATE level.When the PC0 ports of 8155H export high level, send startup and test the speed letter
Number, that is, D is put for high level, tachometer pulse counter is started counting up up to PC0 mouthfuls exports low level from initial value immediately, that is, send
Stop tachometer signal, force counting process to stop.So start point from testing the speed in halt time interval, GATE0 is electricity high
Flat, then the tachometer pulse count value for being input into 8253 CLK0 ports is m1.The GATE1 of clock counter is exported with d type flip flop
Q ends connect, after P2.0 mouthfuls exports high level starts to test the speed, to wait subsequent first to be input into tachometer pulse rising edge and enter
The trigger pulse CP ends of d type flip flop, Q is just changed into high level, and hereafter 2MHZ clock pulses is started counting up.It is same to work as PC0 mouthfuls of output
Low level stops testing the speed, and clock pulses will just stop counting when next pulse, now the count value m of clock2It is just whole m1
The time interval of individual tachometer pulse.
As shown in Figure 10, it is pwm signal generation circuit, amplifies with power circuit in transistor power, pulse width is adjusted
Device (IGBT) processed is widely used with its low in energy consumption, efficiency high.The PWM modulator that analog circuit is constituted is generally by triangle
Ripple (or sawtooth waveforms) generator and comparator are constituted, and it is the occasion of analog signal that this circuit is applied to control signal.As used
Simulation PWM modulator, then need that digital quantity is converted into analog quantity by D/A converter, could connect with this modulator, no
But it is inconvenient, and typically also need to carry out zero point adjustment.Then according to control system the characteristics of, a kind of digital P WM is devised
Modulator, directly can be connected with computer export mouthful, and circuit is simple, makes easy, with low cost, without adjustment, fits very much
Close microcomputer control occasion.The PWM modulator working frequency, can zero output and fully loaded output up to 100KHZ.When input, 82 are entered
D during code processed, the pwm signal that should be produced a, pulse period of PWM is 256 clock cycles, then high level width should
It is d, low level width should be 256-d, i.e. dutycycle for d/256*100%, it is contemplated that it is 82 carry system codes, Ji Hunan to be input into
With with the time-base oscillation circuit realiration of general simple flip-flops or 555 1 classes.It is contemplated that using digital circuit：Counter (or it is fixed
When device), trigger and a small amount of auxiliary circuit realize.One 256 times of reference pulse cp higher than PWM frequency of input, counts to cp,
D pulse of meter, high level is exported within d cp cycle, then counts (256-d) individual pulse, exports the low electricity in (256-d) cp cycles
It is flat.Counter be 8 can preset up/down counter, carry out subtracting countings when high level is output as, after counting d pulse, counter
Count value is 0, output borrow signal RCO, overturn trigger, and make counter default value simultaneously for d, trigger
(low level is output as after overturning), counter does plus count, in (256-d) individual rear counter under trigger control
Count value is 255, output RCO carry signal, RCO signal promote trigger level to be again transformed into height, and make counting again
D is set to, so as to carry out the counting of next round.8 digit counters by 24 it is two-way can preset count 74191 cascade form, low level
RCO signal it is defeated to high-order CLK signal end, as asynchronous connection.High-order RCO signal be the total RCO of circuit signal be connected to meter
Number devices put several end LOAD, RCO the clock signal of trigger is after signal inversion, by a d type flip flop 4013, Q ends
That is pwm signal positive output Q+, Q are PWM complementary output Q-, then 4013 Q and Q meet two high speed photo coupling TLP521- respectively
1 output.
As shown in figure 11, PWM drive circuit figure, IR2110 built-in functions are made up of three parts：Logic is input into；Level translation
And output protection.The characteristics of IR2110 as described above, can be that the design of device brings many convenience.Especially high-end suspension from
The design of power supply is lifted, it is to be capable of achieving the control to upper and lower side that can greatly reduce group power supply of the number of driving power supply, i.e.,.Simultaneously
Because the output voltage of IR2110 is 10V~20V, admittedly can be used directly to drive IGBT work.IR2110 uses in the system+
15V power voltage supplies, ground signalling is power earth signal.Two output signals of high speed photo coupling TLP521-1 connect IR2110's respectively
HIN and LIN ends are used as input signal.When HIN is high level, HO output positive voltage signals, by bootstrap capacitor C7 by voltage
It is added between the grid of Q2 and emitter stage, C7 forms loop and discharges by the metal-oxide-semiconductor of chip internal, and at this moment C7 is equivalent to one
Voltage source, so that Q2 is turned on.Because LIN and HIN are a pair of complementary input signals, so now LIN is low level, at this moment gather
The electric charge collected in Q4 grids and emitter stage is discharged rapidly over the ground in chip internal by resistance, because Dead Time influence makes Q2 exist
Q4 rapid shut-offs before opening.When HIN is low level, the electric charge being gathered between Q2 grids and emitter stage is logical in chip internal
Electric discharge turns off Q2 rapidly to cross resistance.It is high level by of short duration Dead Time LIN, VCC is by internal resistance and the grid of Q4
Pole and source electrode form loop, make Q4 open-minded.Through bootstrap diode, C8 and Q4 forms loop, C8 is filled VCC at the same time
Electricity, rapidly for C8 supplements energy.
As shown in figure 12, the interface circuit of 8155H and single-chip microcomputer, in circuit connection, the P1.0-P1.7 of single-chip microcomputer connects
8 position datawires of 8155H chips, IO/M mouthfuls of P3.0 controls 8155H.P3.1 is used as the chip selection signal of 8155H chips, controls it
Gating work.
Matrix keyboard as shown in figure 13, using 8279 chips as common interface circuit, on the one hand receives from keyboard
Input data is simultaneously pre-processed, and on the other hand realizes management and the control of logarithmic code display to display data, so that real
Now to the automatically scanning of keypad/display, and recognize on keyboard close key key number, can not only greatly save CPU to keyboard/
The operating time of display, so that offloading the CPU, and display stabilization, program is not in maloperation simply.8279
At most can be used to control 16 light-emitting diode displays, when figure place showing is more than 8, be required to be set as that 16 characters show.And
With the function of eliminating shake.For keyboard Designing, the system may make up 16 matrix form keys of key using 4 × 4 row-column configurations
The function of disk, wherein button is respectively 0~9 numeral and " " button, " starting setting ", " confirmation ", " DEL ", " AC/ON " " again
Position ".Matrix keyboard is called determinant keyboard.Row-column structure is constituted with I/O mouth lines, button is arranged on the intersection point of ranks.
When number of keys is more, I/O mouth lines can be saved.
As shown in figure 14, keyboard-display circuit wiring diagram, is decoded by 74LS154 and exported, to display after being driven through 7407
Each the common cathode of LED.Output line OUTB0-OUTB3, OUTA0-OUTA3 are defeated as 8 section code selection data
Exit port, controls the content of each numeral method of light-emitting diode display, when switching to next bit from a LED charactron, by
Blanking output line BD exports low level, and 74LS154 decodings produce low level, export 74LS138 and are all high level.Now, 8
Bit field data output port exports the display content that next LED shows position.74LS138 decoding circulations produce low level, 8 sections
Data-out port also respectively shows the display content in the display position that common cathode is low level bit successively, when this
When process shows quickly, people will see the different content for showing in several LED.Letter within 32 keys are connected
During singly-bound disk, CNTL, SHIFT input can be grounded.74LS07 chips are 8279 defeated as the section code selection of LED numeral method devices
The driven in phase chip of exit port.
As shown in figure 15, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit flow chart, the voltage-stabilized power supply of this secondary design is whole by power transformer, diode
Current circuit, four parts of filter circuit and mu balanced circuit constitute.The design of voltage-stabilized power supply, is the output voltage according to voltage-stabilized power supply
The requirement of the performance indications such as Uo, output current Io, output ripple voltage Δ U, correctly determines transformer, integrated regulator, whole
The performance parameter of component used in stream diode and filter circuit, so as to reasonably select these devices.The skill of voltage-stabilized power supply
Art index is divided into two kinds：One kind is characteristic index, including input voltage, output voltage, output current and the output voltage for allowing
Adjustable range etc.；Another kind is quality index, for weighing the degree of stability of output DC voltage, including regulation factor, output
Resistance, temperature coefficient and ripple voltage etc..
As shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17, respectively Power Management Design circuit diagram ,+15V power supplys and Power Groud power circuit.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Will appreciate that present disclosure and implement according to this, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all main according to the present invention
The modification for wanting the Spirit Essence of technical scheme to be done, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of SCM Based intelligent material control device, it is characterised in that：Connect including Master control chip and respectively with it
The weight signal collecting unit for connecing and direct current motor system control unit；The weight signal collecting unit includes what is be sequentially connected
Weight signal Acquisition Circuit, signal filtering amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuits, are respectively used to gather weight of material, and will collection
Signal is amplified again by sending Master control chip after analog-to-digital conversion to；The direct current motor system control unit is examined including electric current
Slowdown monitoring circuit, Rotating speed measring circuit and PWM control modules, are respectively used to detect the electric current and rotary speed information of direct current motor system, and
Master control chip is sent to, Master control chip controls the operation of direct current motor system by PWM control modules.
2. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described main control
Chip uses AT89C52 single-chip microcomputers.
3. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The weight signal
Acquisition Circuit uses resistance strain sensor semibridge system measuring circuit.
4. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The filter and amplification
Circuit is amplified using AD620 chips to the weight signal for detecting.
5. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The A/D conversions
Circuit uses 8 A/D converter ADC0809, the analog signal for obtaining will be amplified by AD620 and is converted to data signal.
6. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The PWM controls
Module, as buffer circuit, obtains constant DC voltage using IGBT.
7. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described direct current
The current detection circuit of machine system uses LA25A-NP Hall-type DC current sensors, and DC bus current is from LA25A-NP's
I+ pins are flowed into, and two secondary side electric currents are exported by M pins, and the voltage signal for collecting is enlarged into 0~5V's through ratio amplifier LM345
Magnitude of voltage, enters the A/D inputs of ADC0809, exports and connect 5.1V voltage-stabiliser tubes to protect the A/D input ports of ADC0809, output
Signal connects the IN-1 ports of ADC0809.
8. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Described rotating speed inspection
Slowdown monitoring circuit, the tachometer pulse produced as speed probe, photoelectric encoder using the photoelectric encoder of raster count N=1024 lines
Frequency has fixed proportionate relationship with motor speed, using M/T method speed measurement treatments.
9. SCM Based intelligent material control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described main control
Chip is also associated with Key and display circuit, using 8155H as I/O extended chips, using 8279 as system keyboard and aobvious
Show device interface chip；The keyboard constitutes 16 matrix keyboards of key using 4 × 4 row-column configurations；Display circuit using 4 lines-
16 line decoder 74LS154 and LED digital display tubes.
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Application publication date: 20170531 |