CN106772708A - The polymeric multilayer optical film and preparation method of a kind of linear gradient thickness structure - Google Patents
The polymeric multilayer optical film and preparation method of a kind of linear gradient thickness structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the polymeric multilayer optical film and preparation method of a kind of linear gradient thickness structure, including the optical film of n-layer first and m layers of the second optical film, first optical film is made up of polymer A, second optical film is made up of polymer B, polymer A and polymer B have different refractive indexes, the optical film of n-layer first and m layers of the second optical film are successively alternately superimposed, the thickness of the optical film of n-layer first is incremented by according to the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition, the m layers of thickness of the second optical film is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition, polymeric multilayer optical film is obtained using biaxial tension technology.The polymeric multilayer optical film of obtained linear gradient thickness structure of the invention can selectively carry out broadband reflection, such as infrared light of the reflection with certain bandwidth, total reflection ultraviolet light, total reflection visible ray.Manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, cost-effective, can be with large-scale application in agriculture vinyl house, automobile window films, building fenestrated membrane, liquid crystal display brightening die film field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of polymeric multilayer optical film, more particularly to a kind of linear gradient thickness structure is poly-
Compound multi-layer optical film and preparation method.
Background technology
In actual application, conventional optical film major part is optical coating, and optical filming material mainly includes gold
Category film and deielectric-coating, requirement of the preferable optical thin film of optical effect to the purity of Coating Materials, the thickness of film layer and uniformity
Compare high, therefore its price is also costly, complex manufacturing process, technological requirement is high, and production cost is higher, is unfavorable for industry
Change, large-scale production.
Polymeric optical film with its excellent performance, light weight, be easily worked shaping, do not corrode and the spy such as cheap
Point, is applied to the fields such as daily life, industry and scientific research more and more widely.The optical thin film of different performance be used in including
Agriculture vinyl house, automobile heat insulation film, building fenestrated membrane, liquid crystal flat-panel display brightness enhancement film numerous areas.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes the polymeric multilayer optical film and preparation method of a kind of linear gradient thickness structure, with two kinds not
It is raw material with the thin polymer film of refractive index and the linear gradient-structure of thickness, it is thick that linear gradient is obtained using biaxial tension technology
The polymeric multilayer optical film of structure is spent, the present invention can be reflected predetermined broadband spectral, and technological process is easily-controllable, made
Low cost, it is easy to industrialization, can be increased with large-scale application in agriculture vinyl house, automobile window films, building fenestrated membrane, liquid crystal display
Bright film field.
A kind of polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure, it is characterised in that it is characterised in that it includes n-layer
First optical film and m layers of the second optical film, the first optical film are made up of polymer A, and the second optical film is by polymer B
It is made, polymer A and polymer B have different refractive indexes, and the optical film of n-layer first and m layers of the second optical film are successively handed over
For superposition, the thickness of the optical film of n-layer first is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition, the m layers of thickness of the second optical film
Degree is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition.
Preferably, the thickness of the optical film of n-layer first is respectively defined as d according to Direction of superposition1、d2、…dn, and meet such as
Lower relation:
di=d0+α(i-1);
Wherein, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, d0To meet the first optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength
The original depth of layer, α is the linear gradient slope of n-layer the first optical film thickness, i=1~n.
Preferably, the thickness of m layers of the second optical film is respectively defined as t according to Direction of superposition1、t2、…tm, and meet such as
Lower relation:
tj=t0+β(j-1);
Wherein, tjIt is the thickness of jth the second optical film of layer, t0To meet the second optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength
The original depth of layer, β is the m layers of linear gradient slope of the second optical film thickness, j=1~m.
Preferably, polymer A is high refractive index polymer, and preferably geopolymer A is polyethylene terephthalate
(PET), one kind in polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).
Preferably, polymer B is low refractive index polymer, it is preferable that polymer B is polymethyl methacrylate
(PMMA), one kind in polypropylene (PP), makrolon (PC).
Preferably, polymer A is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polymer B is polymethyl methacrylate
(PMMA)。
Preferably, the first optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer and/or the second optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer.
Preferably, Polymer optical in the optical characteristics design polymeric multilayer optical film according to polymeric multilayer optical film
The thickness gradient relation and refractive index of film layer.
Preferably, the optical characteristics of polymeric multilayer optical film includes reflection characteristic and transmissison characteristic.
Preferably, polymer multilayer film can reflect the light of predetermined wavelength range and through the light of remaining wave-length coverage.
Preferably, the light of the predetermined wavelength range includes infrared light, ultraviolet light.
Preferably, the combination film unit that i-th layer of first optical film of arbitrary neighborhood and jth the second optical film of layer are constituted
Can the wavelength of reflected light meet following relation:
λij=2 (n1di+n2tj)
Wherein, λijIt is i-th layer of first optical film and the combination film unit reflexible light of jth the second optical film of layer
Wavelength, n1It is the refractive index of polymer A, n2It is the refractive index of polymer B, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, i=1
~n, tjIt is the thickness of jth the second optical film of layer, j=1~m;
Preferably, polymeric multilayer optical film can reflected light wave-length coverage be the first optical film and the second optical film
Various combination film unit can reflected light wavelength union.
A kind of preparation method of the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure, comprises the following steps:Including such as
Lower step:Film base is formed after n-layer polymer A films and m one polymer B films are successively alternately stacked, film base is carried out two-way
Stretching obtains the polymeric multilayer optical film, wherein, the thickness of the n-layer polymer A films after biaxial tension is along stacking direction
Linear gradient layer-by-layer is incremented by, and the thickness of the m one polymer B films after biaxial tension is passed along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of stacking direction
Increase.
Preferably, after film base is formed, film base is divided into K film base unit according to stacking direction, to K film base unit
Biaxial tension is carried out respectively, then by former stacking order bond and obtained the polymeric multilayer optical film.
Preferably, the polymer A films and total number of plies of polymer B film that each film base unit is included are not more than 20.
Preferably, the concrete operations that film base carries out biaxial tension are:Film base is preheated under the conditions of 70~150 DEG C of temperature soft
Change, carry out longitudinal stretching, then by the film base after longitudinal stretching, secondary preheating softens under the conditions of 80~150 DEG C of temperature, carries out horizontal stroke
To stretching, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the polymer A films in control film base is thinning in proportion;
Preferably, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the polymer B film in control film base becomes in proportion
It is thin.
Preferably, the concrete operations that film base unit carries out biaxial tension are:By film base unit in 70~150 DEG C of conditions of temperature
Under pre- thermal softening, carry out longitudinal stretching, then by the film base unit after longitudinal stretching under the conditions of 80~150 DEG C of temperature secondary preheating
Soften, carry out cross directional stretch, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, control the film of the polymer A films in single film base unit
It is thick thinning in proportion.
Preferably, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the polymer B film in the single film base unit of control is same
Ratio is thinning.
Preferably, in biaxial orientation process, K film base unit keeps identical stretching ratio.
Preferably, by the thermal finalization under the conditions of 100~150 DEG C of temperature of the film base after biaxial tension, cooling obtains linear ladder
Spend the polymeric multilayer optical film of thickness structure.
Preferably, by the thermal finalization under the conditions of 100~150 DEG C of temperature of the film base unit after biaxial tension, cooling obtains line
The polymeric multilayer optical film of property graded thickness structure.
Preferably, longitudinal stretching preheating temperature is 100 DEG C, and cross directional stretch preheating temperature is 100 DEG C.
Preferably, heat setting temperature is 120 DEG C.
Preferably, the thickness in monolayer of thin polymer film is 2~10 μm.
Preferably, longitudinal stretching multiplying power is 1~50 times, and cross directional stretch multiplying power is 1~30 times.
The present invention is adjusted according to the optical characteristics of polymeric multilayer optical film by film thickness monitoring system, design polymerization
The thickness gradient relation and polymer A and polymer B of the first optical film and the second optical film in thing multi-layer optical film
Refractive index, optical film thickness shown in Figure 2 and the relation of the number of plies, can be obtained using the thickness structure of linear gradient change
Reflection bandwidth spectrum wider.
Referring to Fig. 3 linear gradient multilayer film reflection bandwidth spectral principle schematic diagrames, the thickness knot changed using linear gradient
Structure can obtain reflection bandwidth spectrum wider, and the multilayer film with linear gradient change can be by the λ in a branch of natural light1、
λ2、λ3、λ4Wave band carry out selective reflecting.Centre wavelength is composed according to target reflecting light and bandwidth regulates and controls two kinds of different refractivities
Thin polymer film original depth and linear gradient gradient slope carry out.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention with thin polymer film as raw material, low cost, and electromagnetic signal will not be shielded, it is ensured that multi-layer optical film
Application field, the polymer of two kinds of different refractivities is made the first optical film and the second optical film, and two kinds of optical films are each
From the linear gradient relation of thickness, different linear gradient relations make polymeric multilayer optical film generation different with refractive index polymer
Optical characteristics, default broadband spectral can optionally be reflected, be applied to agriculture vinyl house, automobile heat insulation film,
Building fenestrated membrane, liquid crystal flat-panel display brightness enhancement film numerous areas, being used for example as automobile window films can optionally reflect infrared and purple
Wave section transmission visible light wave range reaches not only transparent but also heat insulation ultraviolet effect;Using the flexibility of thin polymer film, use
Stretch processes, control polymer film thickness is thinning in proportion in drawing process, meets making for multi-layer optical film
With requiring, and manufacturing process is simple and easy to control, reduces production cost, is conducive to large area, large-scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
The Making programme schematic diagram of Fig. 1 polymeric multilayer optical films,
The functional relation of Fig. 2 multilayer opticals film thickness and the number of plies,
The multi-layer optical film reflection bandwidth spectral principle schematic diagram of Fig. 3 linear gradient structures,
Fig. 4 reflects the optical profile of UV and IR multi-layer optical film,
The optical profile of Fig. 5 bandwidth reflecting multilayer optical films.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is proposed in a kind of polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure, including n-layer
One optical film and m layers of the second optical film, the first optical film are made up of polymer A, and the second optical film is by polymer B system
Into polymer A and polymer B have different refractive indexes, and the optical film of n-layer first and m layers of the second optical film successively replace
Superposition, the thickness of the optical film of n-layer first is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition, the m layers of thickness of the second optical film
It is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition.
In a particular embodiment, the thickness of the optical film of n-layer first is followed successively by d according to Direction of superposition1、d2、…dnWith m layers
The thickness of the second optical film is followed successively by t according to Direction of superposition1、t2、…tm, and meet following relation:
di=d0+α(i-1);
tj=t0+β(j-1);
Wherein, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, d0To meet the first optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength
The original depth of layer, α is the linear gradient slope of the first optical film thickness, i=1~n,;tjIt is jth the second optical film of layer
Thickness, t0To meet the original depth of the second optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength, β is the second optical film thickness
Linear gradient slope, j=1~m.
In a particular embodiment, the first optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer and/or the second optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer, together
When, i-th layer of first optical film of arbitrary neighborhood and jth layer the second optical film constitute combination film unit can reflected light wavelength
Meet following relation:
λij=2 (n1di+n2tj)
Wherein, λijIt is i-th layer of first optical film and the combination film unit reflexible light of jth the second optical film of layer
Wavelength, n1It is the refractive index of polymer A, n2It is the refractive index of polymer B, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, i=1
~n, tjIt is the thickness of jth the second optical film of layer, j=1~m;Polymeric multilayer optical film can the wave-length coverage of reflected light be
The various combination film unit that first optical film and the second optical film are constituted can reflected light wavelength union.
In the first specific embodiment, polymer A is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polymer B is poly- first
Base methyl acrylate (PMMA), d0=113.7nm, t0=126.2nm, α=0.414, β=0.464, n=256, m=255, institute
The thickness for obtaining multi-layer optical film is 75 μm, and optical characteristics in 750~1100nm infrared band reflectivity as shown in figure 4, be more than
95%, more than 95% is reached in 320~390nm UV light reflectivities, the optical film can be applicable to automobile heat insulation every ultraviolet fenestrated membrane
With building fenestrated membrane field.
Wherein, the Making programme schematic diagram of the polymeric multilayer optical film shown in reference picture 1, polyethylene terephthalate
The main flow of the polymeric multilayer optical film that ester and polymethyl methacrylate make linear gradient thickness structure includes:S1、
Dense linear gradient relation is determined in input system according to default reflected waveband, by 256 strata ethylene glycol terephthalates
Film and 255 thickness degree polymethyl methacrylate films form film base after being successively alternately stacked, by film base by stacking direction point
Into 26 film base units, the preceding one polymer A films of 25 film bases unit 10 and 10 one polymer B films, the 26th film base unit
Comprising 6 one polymer A films and 5 one polymer B films;S2, by 26 film base units respectively under the conditions of temperature 70 C preheat
Soften, and carry out longitudinal stretching, then by the film base unit after longitudinal stretching, secondary preheating softens under the conditions of 80 DEG C of temperature, goes forward side by side
Row cross directional stretch, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the thin polymer film in the single film base unit of control is in proportion
It is thinning;S3, by biaxial tension after 26 film base units after thermal finalization under the conditions of 100 DEG C of temperature by original stacking order again
Bonding, obtains the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure.
In second specific embodiment, polymer A is polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) (PBT), and polymer B is poly- third
Alkene (PP), d0=71.3nm, t0=79.4nm, α=0.12, β=0.134, n=127, m=126, the thickness of gained multi-layer optical film
It is 21 μm to spend, and its optical characteristics in 460~580nm wave bands reflectivity as shown in figure 5, be more than 95%, the optical film can be applicable to
Gift box colorful is packed and office decoration field.
Wherein, the Making programme schematic diagram of the polymeric multilayer optical film shown in reference picture 1, polybutylene terephthalate
The main flow of the polymeric multilayer optical film that ester and polypropylene make linear gradient thickness structure includes:S1, basis are default anti-
Ejected wave section determines dense linear gradient relation in input system, by 127 strata mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol esters and 126 stratas third
Extruding forms film base after alkene film is successively alternately stacked, and film base is divided into 25 film base units, preceding 24 film bases by stacking direction
The one polymer A films of unit 5 and 5 one polymer B films, the 25th film base unit include 7 one polymer A films and 6 layers of polymer
Thing B films;S2, by 25 film base units pre- thermal softening under the conditions of 150 DEG C of temperature respectively, and carry out longitudinal stretching, then will be vertical
To the film base unit after stretching, secondary preheating softens and carries out cross directional stretch under the conditions of 150 DEG C of temperature, in horizontal and vertical drawing
During stretching, the thickness of the thin polymer film in the single film base unit of control is thinning in proportion;S3, by biaxial tension after 26
Film base unit is bonded again after thermal finalization under the conditions of 150 DEG C of temperature by original stacking order, and cooling obtains linear gradient thickness
The polymeric multilayer optical film of structure.
In the third specific embodiment, polymer A is polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polymer B is poly- carbon
Acid esters (PC), d0=46.5nm, t0=49.4nm, α=0.131, β=0.144, n=239, m=239.
Wherein, the Making programme schematic diagram of the polymeric multilayer optical film shown in reference picture 1, gathers to naphthalenedicarboxylic acid ethylene glycol
The main flow of the polymeric multilayer optical film that ester and makrolon make linear gradient thickness structure includes:S1, basis are default
Reflected waveband determines dense linear gradient relation in input system, by 239 layers of polyethylene naphthalate and 239 stratas
Extruding forms film base after carbonic ester film is successively alternately stacked, and film base is divided into 30 film base units, preceding 29 films by stacking direction
The one polymer A films of base unit 8 and 8 one polymer B films, the 30th film base unit include 7 one polymer A films and 7 stratas
Compound B films;S2,30 film base units pre- thermal softening and are carried out into longitudinal stretching under the conditions of 100 DEG C of temperature, then by longitudinal drawing
Film base unit after the stretching secondary preheating under the conditions of 100 DEG C of temperature softens and carries out cross directional stretch, is stretched horizontal and vertical
Cheng Zhong, the thickness of the thin polymer film in the single film base unit of control is thinning in proportion;S3, by biaxial tension after 30 film bases
Unit is bonded again after thermal finalization under the conditions of 120 DEG C of temperature by original stacking order, and cooling obtains linear gradient thickness structure
Polymeric multilayer optical film.
In a particular embodiment, polymer A is not limited only to polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate
Ester and polyethylene naphthalate, it is also an option that other cheap applicable plastic materials;Polymer B is not limited only to poly- first
Base methyl acrylate, polypropylene and makrolon, it is also an option that other cheap applicable plastic materials.
In a particular embodiment, the preparation method of the polymeric multilayer optical film of described linear gradient thickness structure is not only
It is limited to the method for embodiment 1-3, can also be using different stretch multiplying power to the polymer A films of different levels and different levels
Polymer B film carries out biaxial tension.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure, it is characterised in that including the optical film of n-layer first and
M layers of the second optical film, the first optical film is made up of polymer A, and the second optical film is made up of polymer B, polymer A and
Polymer B has different refractive indexes, and the optical film of n-layer first and m layers of the second optical film are successively alternately superimposed, n-layer first
The thickness of optical film is incremented by according to the linear gradient layer-by-layer of Direction of superposition, and the m layers of thickness of the second optical film is along Direction of superposition
Linear gradient layer-by-layer is incremented by.
2. the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that n-layer
The thickness of one optical film is respectively defined as d according to Direction of superposition1、d2、…dn, and meet following relation:
di=d0+α(i-1);
Wherein, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, d0To meet first optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength
Original depth, α is the linear gradient slope of n-layer the first optical film thickness, i=1~n;
Preferably, the thickness of m layers of the second optical film is respectively defined as t according to Direction of superposition1、t2、…tm, and meet such as ShiShimonoseki
System:
tj=t0+β(j-1);
Wherein, tjIt is the thickness of jth the second optical film of layer, t0To meet second optical film of reflectance target centre wavelength
Original depth, β is the m layers of linear gradient slope of the second optical film thickness, j=1~m.
3. the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that poly-
Compound A is high refractive index polymer, and preferably geopolymer A is polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate
One kind in ester, polyethylene naphthalate;
Preferably, polymer B is low refractive index polymer, it is preferable that polymer B is polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, gathers
One kind in carbonic ester;
Preferably, polymer A is polyethylene terephthalate, and polymer B is polymethyl methacrylate.
4. the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
One optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer and/or the second optical film is 1/4 wavelength layer.
5. the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that root
Closed according to the thickness gradient of Polymer optical film layer in the optical characteristics design polymeric multilayer optical film of polymeric multilayer optical film
System and refractive index;Preferably, the optical characteristics of polymeric multilayer optical film includes reflection characteristic and transmissison characteristic;
Preferably, polymer multilayer film can reflect the light of predetermined wavelength range and through the light of remaining wave-length coverage;Preferably, institute
The light for stating predetermined wavelength range includes infrared light, ultraviolet light.
6. the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 5, it is characterised in that any phase
The combination film unit that i-th layer of first adjacent optical film and jth the second optical film of layer are constituted can reflected light wavelength satisfaction such as
Lower relation:
λij=2 (n1di+n2tj);
Wherein, λijFor i-th layer of first optical film and jth layer the second optical film combination film unit can reflected light wavelength,
n1It is the refractive index of polymer A, n2It is the refractive index of polymer B, diIt is i-th layer of first thickness of optical film, i=1~n, tj
It is the thickness of jth the second optical film of layer, j=1~m;
Preferably, polymeric multilayer optical film can the wave-length coverage of reflected light constitute for the first optical film and the second optical film
Various combination film unit can reflected light wavelength union.
7. the system of the polymeric multilayer optical film of a kind of linear gradient thickness structure according to any one of claim 1~6
Make method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:After n-layer polymer A films and m one polymer B films are successively alternately stacked
Film base is formed, film base is carried out into biaxial tension and is obtained the polymeric multilayer optical film, wherein, the n-layer polymerization after biaxial tension
The thickness of thing A films is incremented by along the linear gradient layer-by-layer of stacking direction, the thickness edge of the m one polymer B films after biaxial tension
The linear gradient layer-by-layer of stacking direction is incremented by.
8. the preparation method of the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 7, its feature
It is after film base is formed, film base to be divided into K film base unit according to stacking direction, K film base unit is carried out respectively double
To stretching, then by former stacking order bond and obtain the polymeric multilayer optical film;Preferably, each film base unit is wrapped
The polymer A films and total number of plies of polymer B film for containing are not more than 20.
9. the preparation method of the polymeric multilayer optical film of the linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 7 or 8, it is special
Levy and be, the concrete operations that film base carries out biaxial tension are:By film base under the conditions of 70~150 DEG C of temperature pre- thermal softening, carry out
Longitudinal stretching, then by the film base after longitudinal stretching, secondary preheating softens under the conditions of 80~150 DEG C of temperature, carries out cross directional stretch,
In horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the polymer A films in control film base is thinning in proportion;Preferably, in transverse direction
In longitudinal stretching process, the thickness of the polymer B film in control film base is thinning in proportion;
Preferably, the concrete operations that film base unit carries out biaxial tension are:Film base unit is pre- under the conditions of 70~150 DEG C of temperature
Thermal softening, carries out longitudinal stretching, then secondary preheating is soft under the conditions of 80~150 DEG C of temperature by the film base unit after longitudinal stretching
Change, carry out cross directional stretch, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, control the thickness of the polymer A films in single film base unit
It is thinning in proportion;Preferably, in horizontal and vertical drawing process, the thickness of the polymer B film in single film base unit is controlled
Degree is thinning in proportion;Preferably, in biaxial orientation process, K film base unit keeps identical stretching ratio.
10. the preparation method of the polymeric multilayer optical film of the linear gradient thickness structure according to claim 7 or 8, its
It is characterised by, by the thermal finalization under the conditions of 100~150 DEG C of temperature of the film base after biaxial tension, cooling obtains linear gradient thickness
The polymeric multilayer optical film of structure;Preferably, by the film base unit after biaxial tension under the conditions of 100~150 DEG C of temperature heat
Sizing, cooling obtains the polymeric multilayer optical film of linear gradient thickness structure.
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