CN106772700A - A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on close-range photogrammetry principle - Google Patents
A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on close-range photogrammetry principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on close-range photogrammetry principle, wherein the system includes：One word laser generator, high speed synchroniser, Digital Image Processor, two cameras and image rectification mark；After the light beam that one word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, it is imaged in the image that two cameras shoot respectively；Camera shoots predetermined number group image, and Digital Image Processor is analyzed to the image that camera shoots, and obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.By the solution of the present invention, image based on the reflection photogenerated to raindrop carries out corresponding graphical analysis and can accurately measure the Regional Rainfall uniformity, and the method is not influenceed by human factor and apparatus factor, simultaneously, because the light beam that a word laser generator sends is on ground, do not influenceed by orographic factor, the rainfall uniformity distribution results of measurement are more accurate.
Description
Technical field
It is based on the present invention relates to rain making parametric measurement or sprinkling irrigation equipment parametric measurement technical field, more particularly to one kind
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method for close-range photogrammetry principle.
Background technology
The method of the current measurement rainfall uniformity mainly has following several：One kind is in designated area using multiple rainfall gauges
It is interior to be laid according to certain form, the rainfall uniformity is converted after determining a period of time, the following spray being such as widely used at present is artificial
Rainer.This kind of rainfall measurement apparatus are to combine to be formed by multiple different flows section shower nozzle, can simulate some strength and
The rainfall of the uniformity, the rainfall region that different shower nozzles is formed is circle, but circle when different height or sustained height
Intensity distribution in domain has differences, therefore the degree of accuracy of measurement result is low.Another measuring method is using laser raindrop size distribution
Instrument is measured to specifying the raindrop distribution in zonule.
For above two prior art, there are some drawbacks, first way is people due to udometric installation position
It is setting, therefore there is larger subjective factor in layout in whole device, and udometric position is controlled just to the uniformity
Calculating has considerable influence, therefore, measurement data can be caused inaccurate.Moreover, the method is difficult to determine different height position
The rainfall uniformity.Trial zone place is taken when simultaneously using such method in continuous mode, is often needed after the completion of measure
Rain controller is closed, pilot region etc. is laid again, increase the uncertainty in process of the test, influence test efficiency.Another kind side
Method by measuring principle due to being limited, and the region of measure is very small, the general composition for being only used for determining raindrop diameter, it is difficult to realize compared with
The measurement of the rainfall uniformity in big region.
In sum, the method for the uniformity of existing measurement rainfall, due to factors such as measuring apparatus and measuring principles
Influence, cause rainfall uniformity measurement result inaccurate.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measurement scheme based on close-range photogrammetry principle, existing to solve
Due to factors such as measuring apparatus and measuring principles present in technology, the problem that measurement data is inaccurate is caused.
In order to solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity based on close-range photogrammetry principle
Measuring system, the system includes：One word laser generator, high speed synchroniser, Digital Image Processor, two cameras and
Image rectification mark；The one word laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, and the word laser generator is sent
Beam level pass through region to be measured, two cameras are arranged on directly over the word laser generator, the photography
The focusing center of device is the regional center to be measured；Described image calibration mark is arranged in the shooting visual field of the camera,
And record has the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates in Digital Image Processor；The high speed synchroniser point
It is not connected with the word laser generator and the camera；The high speed synchroniser controls institute according to prefixed time interval
State a word laser generator and send light beam, while controlling the camera to carry out image taking, described one to the region to be measured
After the light beam that word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in the region to be measured, shot in two cameras respectively
It is imaged in image；The camera shoots predetermined number group image, and the Digital Image Processor shoots to the camera
Image is analyzed, and obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Preferably, two cameras are set by axisymmetrical of the axis of the word laser generator.
Preferably, the light beam is feux rouges or green glow.
Preferably, the Digital Image Processor carries out close-range photogrammetry analysis to the image that the camera shoots,
The space three-dimensional distribution map of raindrop illuminated by laser beam is obtained, with formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Preferably, the Digital Image Processor includes：Stereogram extraction unit, space image generation unit, plane are cut
Take unit, superpositing unit and spatial distribution map generation unit；The stereogram extraction unit is extracted from each image pair
Comprising each stereogram, each stereogram answers point position, and two cameras are image in the image that synchronization shoots
It is right；The space image generation unit is directed to each stereogram, generates space image, obtains the three-dimensional image space point of each image pair
Cloth, wherein, each space image is then a hot spot；The plane interception unit is directed to each space image spatial distribution, and interception is three-dimensional
As distribution section；Whole space image sections superposition that the superpositing unit will be generated, obtains identical region to be measured, same point position vertical
The superposition number of body image；Region identical to be measured that the spatial distribution map generation unit is obtained according to superposition, same point position it is vertical
Body image is superimposed number, formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
It is uniform the invention also discloses a kind of Regional Rainfall based on close-range photogrammetry principle in order to solve the above problems
Degree measuring method, methods described includes：One word laser generator is adjusted, the word laser generator is sent light
Beam is horizontal through region to be measured；Record the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates；Carry out rainfall uniformity measurement
When, control the word laser generator to send light beam according to prefixed time interval by high speed synchroniser, while control two is taken the photograph
Shadow device carries out image taking, predetermined number group image to the region to be measured；Wherein, the light that the word laser generator sends
After raindrop reflection in region to be measured described in Shu Jing, it is imaged in the image that two cameras shoot respectively；By numeral
Image processor is analyzed to the image that the camera shoots, and obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Preferably, methods described also includes：Time interval in default high speed synchroniser.
Preferably, it is described the image that the camera shoots is analyzed by the Digital Image Processor, obtain
The step of Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map, including：Close-range photogrammetry point is carried out to the image that the camera shoots
Analysis, obtains the space three-dimensional distribution map of raindrop illuminated by laser beam, with formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Preferably, it is described that close-range photogrammetry analysis is carried out to the image that the camera shoots, obtain being shone by laser beam
The space three-dimensional distribution map of bright raindrop, the step of with formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map, including：From each image
Each stereogram for including is extracted in centering, and each stereogram answers a point position, the figure that two cameras shoot in synchronization
As being image pair；For each stereogram, space image is generated, obtain the space image spatial distribution of each image pair, wherein, often
Individual space image is then a hot spot；For each space image spatial distribution, interception space image distribution section；It is all three-dimensional by what is generated
As section superposition, identical region to be measured, the superposition number of same point position space image are obtained；According to the area identical to be measured that superposition is obtained
Domain, the space image superposition number of same point position, formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
Regional Rainfall uniformity measurement scheme based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by a word
Laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, and two cameras are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, and two are taken the photograph
Shadow device is symmetricly set on a word laser generator axis both sides, high speed synchroniser respectively with a word laser generator and image pick-up device
Connection；High speed synchroniser is used for according to prefixed time interval, and one word laser generator of control sends light beam, while controlling camera
Image taking is carried out to region to be measured, after the light beam that a word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, respectively
It is imaged in the image that camera shoots；Camera shoots predetermined number group image, and Digital Image Processor shoots to camera
Image be analyzed, obtain Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.It can be seen that, by present invention offer based on digital picture
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measurement scheme for the treatment of technology, the image based on the reflection photogenerated to raindrop carries out corresponding image point
Analysis can accurately measure the Regional Rainfall uniformity, and the method is not influenceed by human factor and apparatus factor, meanwhile, by
The light beam sent in a word laser generator is on ground, is not influenceed by orographic factor, the rainfall uniformity point of measurement
Cloth result is more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below by institute in the description to the embodiment of the present invention
The accompanying drawing for needing to use is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
The structural frames of the Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
The structured flowchart of the Digital Image Processor of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention two；
The step of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on close-range photogrammetry principle of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention three
Flow chart；
The step of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on close-range photogrammetry principle of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention four
Flow chart；
Light path schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is laser irradiation raindrop.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this hair
Embodiment in bright, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
Reference picture 1, shows that a kind of Regional Rainfall based on close-range photogrammetry principle of the embodiment of the present invention one is uniform
Spend the structured flowchart of measuring system.
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle of the embodiment of the present invention includes：One word swashs
Optical generator 101, high speed synchroniser 102, Digital Image Processor 103, the first camera 104, the second camera 105 and figure
As calibration mark 106.
The horizontal aligument of one word laser generator 101 region to be measured, a word laser generator lights out light beam horizontal aligument
Region to be measured 107, the first camera 104 and the second camera 105 are arranged on the surface camera of a word laser generator 101
Focusing center be regional center to be measured, image rectification mark 106 is arranged in the shooting visual field of camera, positioned at region to be measured
Four angles on, and the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates, a word laser are recorded in Digital Image Processor
Device sends light beam for feux rouges or green glow.
High speed synchroniser 102 connects with a word laser generator 101 and the first image pick-up device 104, the second image pick-up device 105 respectively
Connect；According to prefixed time interval, one word laser generator 101 of control sends light beam to high speed synchroniser 102, while control first is taken the photograph
Shadow device 104 and and the second camera 105 image taking, the light that a word laser generator 101 sends are carried out to region to be measured
After beam reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, respectively in the image that the first camera 104 and the second camera 105 shoot into
Picture.
Camera shoots predetermined number group image, and the image that Digital Image Processor 103 shoots to camera is based on close shot
Photogrammetry principles carry out graphical analysis, obtain Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Wherein, camera can be high speed high-definition camera, camera when image taking is carried out, every between Preset Time
Every the extraction single frames picture from screen as captured image.
It should be noted that a word laser generator is a kind of convenient and practical positioning instrument.Can be widely used for measurement drop
The positioning instrument of the rain uniformity or other measurement process.
One word laser generator svelteness, it is compact, it is easy to install, accurate location technology can be provided for the present invention, can
On the horizontal or vertical face using machinery, there is provided a visible straight line laser so that entirely measuring rainfall
A visible, non-contacting position line is produced in journey, facilitates the advantage of production operation and improve production efficiency, and laser rays
Can arbitrarily be finely tuned in three dimensions, reach optimal use effect, the glancing incidence beam thickness of laser is 2 to 6 millimeters
Light, therefore, the thickness in region to be measured is 2 to 6 millimeters.
Two cameras are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, and two cameras are symmetricly set on a word laser
Generator axis both sides, the focusing center of camera is regional center to be measured, and high speed synchroniser according to Preset Time every control
Make a word laser generator and send light beam, it is necessary to explanation, those skilled in the art can according to actual conditions to it is default when
Between be spaced and selected, prefixed time interval can be set to 5ms, 6ms, 10ms etc., this is not specifically limited.
The time interval sends the time to needed for completing reflection in raindrop, the time interval and a word laser for laser
Generator is relevant with interval between side region and raindrop size to be measured is treated.
While high speed synchroniser controls a word laser generator to send light beam according to prefixed time interval, due at a high speed
Synchronizer is connected with a word laser generator with the first image pick-up device and the second image pick-up device respectively, when a word laser generator sends
While light beam, two image pick-up devices can shoot to region to be measured simultaneously, and generate image, and the image of generation is sharp for a word
The light beam that optical generator sends is by image captured after raindrop reflection.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set according to actual conditions to the quantity of image, in order to
So that the accuracy of measurement data, each image pick-up device can shoot various images, for example：3 groups, 4 groups or 5 groups etc., to this not
It can be any amounts such as 5,6 or 8 to make the picture in concrete restriction, and every group.
Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by a word
Laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, and two cameras are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, high-speed synchronous
Device is connected with a word laser generator and image pick-up device respectively；High speed synchroniser is used for according to prefixed time interval, and one word of control swashs
Optical generator sends light beam, while control camera carries out image taking, the light that a word laser generator sends to region to be measured
After beam reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, it is imaged in the image that camera shoots respectively；Camera shoots predetermined number group
Image, Digital Image Processor is analyzed to the image that camera shoots, and obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.Can
See, the Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided by the present invention, based on to raindrop
The image of reflection photogenerated carries out corresponding graphical analysis just can accurately measure the Regional Rainfall uniformity, and the method is not received
The influence of human factor and apparatus factor, the rainfall uniformity distribution results of measurement are more accurate.
Embodiment two
Still reference picture 1, the Regional Rainfall uniformity based on close-range photogrammetry principle to the embodiment of the present invention two is surveyed
Amount system is illustrated.
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle of the embodiment of the present invention includes：One word swashs
Optical generator 101, high speed synchroniser 102, Digital Image Processor 103, the first camera 104, the second camera 105 and figure
As calibration mark 106.
The horizontal aligument of one word laser generator 101 region 107 to be measured is set, and a word laser generator 101 lights out
Beam level is directed at region to be measured, and light beam is feux rouges or green glow.
First camera 104 and the second camera 105 are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, and two cameras
A word laser generator axis both sides are symmetricly set on, the focusing center of two cameras is regional center to be measured.
High speed synchroniser 102 connects with a word laser generator 101 and the first image pick-up device 104, the second image pick-up device 105 respectively
Connect；According to prefixed time interval, one word laser generator 101 of control sends light beam to high speed synchroniser 102, while control first is taken the photograph
Shadow device 104 and and the second camera 105 image taking, the light that a word laser generator 101 sends are carried out to region to be measured
After beam reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, respectively in the image that the first camera 104 and the second camera 105 shoot into
Picture.
Wherein, index path during laser irradiation raindrop is as shown in Figure 5.As can be known from Fig. 5, during laser irradiation raindrop, can produce
Raw two secondary reflections and reflect twice, light specifically moves towards shown in Figure 5.
Camera shoots predetermined number group image, and the image that Digital Image Processor 103 shoots to camera is based on close shot
Photogrammetry principles carry out graphical analysis, obtain Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
It should be noted that a word laser is a kind of convenient and practical positioning instrument.Can be widely used for measurement rainfall equal
The positioning instrument of evenness or other measurement process.
Two cameras are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, and two cameras are symmetricly set on a word laser
Generator axis both sides, the focusing center of camera is regional center to be measured, and high speed synchroniser according to Preset Time every control
Make a word laser generator and send light beam, it is necessary to explanation, those skilled in the art can according to actual conditions to it is default when
Between be spaced and selected, prefixed time interval can be set to several milliseconds, for example：5 milliseconds, 6 milliseconds, 8 milliseconds etc., the present invention
This is not specifically limited in embodiment.
While high speed synchroniser controls a word laser generator to send light beam according to prefixed time interval, control two is taken the photograph
As device shoots to region to be measured, and image is generated, and the image of generation is that the light beam that a word laser generator sends is passed through
Cross image captured after raindrop reflect.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set according to actual conditions to the quantity of image, in order to
So that the accuracy of measurement data, each image pick-up device can shoot multiple series of images, such as 3 groups, 4 groups or 5 groups etc., this not made
5 images are included in concrete restriction, and every group.
The image that camera shoots can be sent to Digital Image Processor in real time by wireless network, it is also possible in whole
After the completion of image taking, image copy is to data and image processing device as captured by technical staff by camera.
The multiple series of images collected to camera, close-range photogrammetry analysis is carried out by Digital Image Processor, you can
The space three-dimensional distribution map of raindrop illuminated by laser beam is obtained, with formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map, distribution map
Generating principle is as follows：
The structured flowchart of Digital Image Processor is as shown in Fig. 2 Digital Image Processor 103 includes：Stereogram is extracted
The generation of unit 1031, space image generation unit 1032, plane interception unit 1033, superpositing unit 1034 and spatial distribution map is single
Unit 1035.The each unit included in Digital Image Processor is the hardware module with data-handling capacity, in the hardware module
Programming has computer program.
Stereogram extraction unit 1031 extracts each stereogram for including from each image pair, and each stereogram should
One point position, two cameras are image pair in the image that synchronization shoots.
Stereogram will be extracted in the image of generation to raindrop stereo-picture.Because the image that image pick-up device shoots is flat
Face image, in Regional Rainfall uniformity detection process, detection and the inconvenience of the uniformity is carried out using plane picture, this
When need to extract the stereogram in image.
First, stereogram is two remote sensing images of areal, is shot from different perspectives, acquisition with weight
Folded region, under certain condition, using special instrument or naked eyes it can be seen that stereopsis, can be carried out by stereopsis
Including measurement, generation DEM (Digital Elevation Model, digital elevation model), it is with one group of orderly array of values
Form represents a kind of actual ground model of ground elevation.DEM can also derive from landforms special in addition to including ground elevation information
Property, including the gradient, slope aspect etc., features of terrain parameter, including mountain peak, ridge, Plain, plane, river course and cheuch can also be calculated
Deng.
Extract relative to image neutral body can be using the method based on synthetic aperture radar stereopsis generation DEM.
Because microwave has the features such as penetrating cloud and mist, sleet so that synthetic aperture radar can not be limited scanning by weather and time
Imaging.
Or extracted using the DEM based on ASTER remote sensing stereograms, ASTER satellite sensors can be to shoot three-dimensional
As to the representative in sensor, with quality of data stabilization, cover extensive, cheap the characteristics of.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can be selected the method that stereogram is extracted according to actual conditions
Select, this is not specifically limited.In the embodiment of the present invention, the space image of three-dimensional relative reduction raindrop is extracted.
The picture pair that above-mentioned stereogram extraction unit is extracted, it is three-dimensional for each by space image generation unit 1032
As right, space image is generated, obtain the space image spatial distribution of each image pair, wherein, each space image is then a hot spot.
Plane interception unit 1033 is directed to each space image spatial distribution, interception space image distribution section.
The specific section cut is closely bound up according to the thickness that word laser generator when shooting occurs light.
Whole space image sections superposition that superpositing unit 1034 will be generated, obtains identical region to be measured, same point position three-dimensional
The superposition number of picture.
Whole stereo-picture interfaces to extracting are overlapped and hot spot can also be overlapped using PS, are obtained same
The number of the hot spot of same point position in region to be measured, facilitates follow-up treatment.Except of course that using PS (Adobe Photoshop, figure
As treatment software) to that can also be overlapped to stereo-picture using ENVI softwares outside three-dimensional imaging importing.
Specifically, remote sensing images and polar plot are opened first in ENVI, if it is desired to realizing the function of superposition, image is necessary
There is geocoding.So registration must be carried out to the remote sensing images of trial zone using ground control point GCP, GCP is in original graph
The same place found on image space and standard (correction) space (such as polar plot), GCP must be more accurate, and it directly affects geometry
The precision of fine correction, thus same place all selects in area is studied easily pinpoint characteristic point (such as small pond, linear ground object
Crosspoint etc.).If GCP selections are inaccurate, very few GCP numbers, GCP irrational distributions or distortion Mathematical Modeling can not be well
Reflection geometric distortion process, then can cause the precise decreasing of geometric correction.
The superposition of remote sensing images and polar plot has been carried out using ENVI softwares, remote sensing images and polar plot synthesis display has been obtained
Map, possess and draw the far richer information content of map than simple line of vector, with it is directly perceived readable the characteristics of, be regarding for people
Feel the degree of accuracy of the Visualization degree and aid decision that directly perceive.
The space image superposition in region identical to be measured, same point position that spatial distribution map generation unit 1035 is obtained according to superposition
Number, formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by a word
Laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, and two cameras are arranged on directly over the word laser generator,
High speed synchroniser is connected with a word laser generator and image pick-up device respectively；High speed synchroniser is used for according to prefixed time interval, control
Make a word laser generator and send light beam, while control camera carries out image taking, a word laser generator to region to be measured
After the light beam for sending reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, it is imaged in the image that camera shoots respectively；Camera shoots pre-
If sets of numbers image, Digital Image Processor is analyzed to the image that camera shoots, Regional Rainfall uniformity space is obtained
Distribution map.It can be seen that, the Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided by the present invention is based on
Corresponding graphical analysis is carried out to the image of the reflection photogenerated of raindrop just can accurately measure the Regional Rainfall uniformity, and should
Method is not influenceed by human factor and apparatus factor, and the rainfall uniformity distribution results of measurement are more accurate.
Embodiment three
Reference picture 3, shows that a kind of Regional Rainfall based on close-range photogrammetry principle of the embodiment of the present invention three is uniform
The step of spending measuring method flow chart.
Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention include with
Lower step：
Step 301：One word laser generator is adjusted, a word laser generator is sent beam level through treating
Survey region.
The light beam that one word laser generator is sent can be feux rouges or green glow.That is, a word laser generator can
Think feux rouges generator, or green glow generator, a word laser generator sends beam level through region to be measured.
Step 302：Record the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates.
The distance between each image rectification mark for being recorded and position coordinates, are subsequently used for carrying out geometry school to image
Just.
Step 303：When carrying out the measurement of the rainfall uniformity, a word laser is controlled according to prefixed time interval by high speed synchroniser
Generator sends light beam, while two cameras of control carry out image taking, predetermined number group image to region to be measured.
Wherein, after the light beam that a word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, respectively in two photographies
It is imaged in the image that device shoots.Camera can be high speed high-definition camera, camera when image taking is carried out, every default
Time interval extracts single frames picture as captured image from screen.
Step 304：The image that camera shoots is analyzed by Digital Image Processor, obtains Regional Rainfall uniform
Degree spatial distribution map.
The specific implementation for obtaining Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map is analyzed to image, referring to embodiment two
In related description, this is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on digitized map
As the Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method for the treatment of technology, word laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, two
Camera is arranged on directly over a word laser generator, high speed synchroniser is connected with a word laser generator and image pick-up device respectively；
High speed synchroniser is used for according to prefixed time interval, and one word laser generator of control sends light beam, while controlling camera to treat
Surveying region carries out image taking, after the light beam that a word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, is taking the photograph respectively
It is imaged in the image that shadow device shoots；Camera shoots predetermined number group image, the figure that Digital Image Processor shoots to camera
As being analyzed, Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map is obtained.It can be seen that, by present invention offer based on Digital Image Processing
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method of technology, the image based on the reflection photogenerated to raindrop simultaneously carries out corresponding graphical analysis
Just the Regional Rainfall uniformity can be accurately measured, and the method is not influenceed by human factor and apparatus factor, measurement
Rainfall uniformity distribution results are more accurate.
Example IV
Reference picture 4, shows that a kind of Regional Rainfall based on close-range photogrammetry principle of the embodiment of the present invention four is uniform
The step of spending measuring method flow chart.
Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention include with
Lower step：
Step 401：One word laser generator is adjusted, a word laser generator is sent beam level through treating
Survey region.
The rainfall uniformity point is carried out using the Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system in embodiment two in the embodiment of the present invention
Analysis, for Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system concrete structure referring to the related description in embodiment two, present invention reality
Apply and this is repeated no more in example.
, it is necessary to adjust a word laser generator before measurement, its beam level for being sent is set to pass through region to be measured.
Step 402：Record the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates.
The distance between each image rectification mark for being recorded and position coordinates, are subsequently used for carrying out geometry school to image
Positive
Step 403：Time interval in default high speed synchroniser.
In test process, high speed synchroniser is then according to the word laser generator of default time interval controls one and first
Camera and the second camera.
After the completion of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system layout, in rainfall, you can carry out rainfall by the system uniform
Degree spatial distribution analysis.Rainfall can be rain making, or natural precipitation, and the system is opened in rainfall.
Step 404：When carrying out the measurement of the rainfall uniformity, a word laser is controlled according to prefixed time interval by high speed synchroniser
Generator sends light beam, while two cameras of control carry out image taking, predetermined number group image to region to be measured.
Wherein, after the light beam that a word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in region to be measured, respectively simultaneously at two
It is imaged in the image that camera shoots.Image to generating is analyzed based on close-range photogrammetry principle, formation zone rainfall
Uniformity spatial distribution map, a kind of preferred rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map generating mode such as institute in step 404 to step 408
State.
Step 405：Each stereogram for including is extracted from each image pair, each stereogram answers a point position, two
Individual camera is image pair in the image that synchronization shoots.
To image zooming-out stereogram specific implementation, to the correlation of stereogram extraction unit in reference embodiment two
Description, repeats no more in the embodiment of the present invention to this.
Step 406：For each stereogram, space image is generated, obtain the space image spatial distribution of each image pair.
Wherein, each space image is then a hot spot.
Step 407：For each space image spatial distribution, interception space image distribution section.
Step 408：The whole space image sections superposition that will be generated, obtains identical region to be measured, same point position space image
Superposition number.
The Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map of generation can characterize rainfall of the region to be measured in certain period of time point
Cloth.
Step 409：Region identical to be measured, the space image superposition number of same point position obtained according to superposition, formation zone
Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on digital image processing techniques provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by a word
Laser generator is just set to region to be measured, and two cameras are arranged on directly over a word laser generator, high speed synchroniser point
It is not connected with a word laser generator and image pick-up device；High speed synchroniser is used for according to prefixed time interval, control one word laser hair
Raw device sends light beam, while control camera carries out image taking to region to be measured, the light beam warp that a word laser generator sends
After raindrop reflection in region to be measured, it is imaged in the image that camera shoots respectively；Camera shoots predetermined number group image,
Digital Image Processor is analyzed to the image that camera shoots, and obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.It can be seen that, lead to
The Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on digital image processing techniques of present invention offer is crossed, based on the reflected light to raindrop
The image of generation simultaneously carries out corresponding graphical analysis and just can accurately measure the Regional Rainfall uniformity, and the method is by artificial
The influence of factor and apparatus factor, the rainfall uniformity distribution results of measurement are more accurate.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, what each embodiment was stressed be with
The difference of other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.For system embodiment
For, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, referring to the portion of embodiment of the method in place of correlation
Defend oneself bright.
Above to a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle provided by the present invention
And method, it is described in detail, specific case used herein is set forth to principle of the invention and implementation method,
The explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept；Simultaneously for the one of this area
As technical staff, according to thought of the invention, will change in specific embodiments and applications, to sum up institute
State, this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Algorithm and display be not inherently related to any certain computer, electronic system or miscellaneous equipment provided herein.
Various general-purpose systems can also be used together with based on teaching in this.As described above, construct required by this kind of system
Structure be obvious.Additionally, the present invention is not also directed to any certain programmed language.It is understood that, it is possible to use it is various
Programming language realizes the content of invention described herein, and the description done to language-specific above is to disclose this hair
Bright preferred forms.
In specification mentioned herein, numerous specific details are set forth.It is to be appreciated, however, that implementation of the invention
Example can be put into practice in the case of without these details.In some instances, known method, structure is not been shown in detail
And technology, so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.
Similarly, it will be appreciated that in order to simplify it is open and help to understand in each inventive aspect one or more, upper
In the description of exemplary embodiment of the invention, each feature of the invention be grouped together into sometimes single embodiment,
In figure or descriptions thereof.However, the method for the disclosure should not be construed into following intention：I.e. required for protection
Invention requires features more more than the feature being expressly recited in each claim.More precisely, such as following right
As claim reflects, inventive aspect is all features less than single embodiment disclosed above.Therefore, it then follows tool
Thus claims of body implementation method are expressly incorporated in the specific embodiment, wherein each claim conduct in itself
Separate embodiments of the invention.
Those skilled in the art are appreciated that can be carried out adaptively to the module in the equipment in embodiment
Change and they are arranged in one or more equipment different from the embodiment.Can be the module or list in embodiment
Unit or component be combined into a module or unit or component, and can be divided into addition multiple submodule or subelement or
Sub-component.In addition at least some in such feature and/or process or unit exclude each other, can use any
Combine to all features disclosed in this specification (including adjoint claim, summary and accompanying drawing) and so disclosed appoint
Where all processes or unit of method or equipment are combined.Unless expressly stated otherwise, this specification (including adjoint power
Profit is required, summary and accompanying drawing) disclosed in each feature can the alternative features of or similar purpose identical, equivalent by offer carry out generation
Replace.
Although additionally, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that some embodiments described herein include other embodiments
In included some features rather than further feature, but the combination of the feature of different embodiments means in of the invention
Within the scope of and form different embodiments.For example, in the following claims, embodiment required for protection is appointed
One of meaning mode can be used in any combination.
All parts embodiment of the invention can be realized with hardware, or the operation on one or more processor
Software module is realized, or is realized with combinations thereof.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that can in practice using micro-
Processor or digital signal processor (DSP) come realize in client device according to embodiments of the present invention some or it is complete
The some or all functions of portion's part.The present invention can be implemented for performing method as described herein a part or
Whole equipment or program of device (for example, computer program and computer program product).It is such to realize journey of the invention
Sequence can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can have the form of one or more signal.Such signal can
Obtained with being downloaded from internet website, or provided on carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment the present invention will be described rather than limiting the invention, and ability
Field technique personnel can design alternative embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims.In the claims,
Any reference symbol being located between bracket should not be configured to limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not excluded the presence of not
Element listed in the claims or step.Word "a" or "an" before element is not excluded the presence of as multiple
Element.The present invention can come real by means of the hardware for including some different elements and by means of properly programmed computer
It is existing.If in the unit claim for listing equipment for drying, several in these devices can be by same hardware branch
To embody.The use of word first, second, and third does not indicate that any order.These words can be explained and run after fame
Claim.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system based on close-range photogrammetry principle, it is characterised in that the system bag
Include：
One word laser generator, high speed synchroniser, Digital Image Processor, two cameras and image rectification mark；
The one word laser generator horizontal aligument region to be measured is set, the beam level that the word laser generator is sent
Through region to be measured, two cameras are arranged on directly over the word laser generator, in the focusing of the camera
The heart is the regional center to be measured；Described image calibration mark is arranged in the shooting visual field of the camera, and digitized map
As record has the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates in processor；
The high speed synchroniser is connected with the word laser generator and the camera respectively；The high speed synchroniser according to
Prefixed time interval, controls the word laser generator to send light beam, while controlling the camera to the region to be measured
Image taking is carried out, after the light beam that the word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in the region to be measured, is existed respectively
It is imaged in two images of the camera shooting；
The camera shoots predetermined number group image, and the Digital Image Processor is carried out to the image that the camera shoots
Analysis, obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that two cameras are with the word laser generator
Axis is set for axisymmetrical.
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the light beam is feux rouges or green glow.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Digital Image Processor shoots to the camera
Image carries out close-range photogrammetry analysis, obtains the space three-dimensional distribution map of raindrop illuminated by laser beam, is dropped with formation zone
Rain uniformity spatial distribution map.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the Digital Image Processor includes：Stereogram is extracted
Unit, space image generation unit, plane interception unit, superpositing unit and spatial distribution map generation unit；
The stereogram extraction unit extracts each stereogram for including from each image pair, and each stereogram answers one
Point position, two cameras are image pair in the image that synchronization shoots；
The space image generation unit is directed to each stereogram, generates space image, obtains the three-dimensional image space of each image pair
Distribution, wherein, each space image is then a hot spot；
The plane interception unit is directed to each space image spatial distribution, interception space image distribution section；
Whole space image sections superposition that the superpositing unit will be generated, obtains identical region to be measured, same point position space image
Superposition number；
The space image superposition in region identical to be measured, same point position that the spatial distribution map generation unit is obtained according to superposition
Number, formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
6. a kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring method based on close-range photogrammetry principle, it is characterised in that methods described bag
Include：
One word laser generator is adjusted, the word laser generator is sent beam level through region to be measured；
Record the distance between each image rectification mark and position coordinates；
When carrying out the measurement of the rainfall uniformity, the word laser generator is controlled to send out according to prefixed time interval by high speed synchroniser
Go out light beam, while two cameras of control carry out image taking, predetermined number group image to the region to be measured；Wherein, it is described
After the light beam that one word laser generator sends reflects through the raindrop in the region to be measured, shot in two cameras respectively
Image in be imaged；
The image that the camera shoots is analyzed by Digital Image Processor, obtains Regional Rainfall uniformity space point
Butut.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be adjusted to a word laser generator described, made described
One word laser generator sends beam level through after the step of region to be measured, and methods described also includes：
Time interval in default high speed synchroniser.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that it is described by the Digital Image Processor to the photography
The image that device shoots is analyzed, the step of obtain Regional Rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map, including：
Close-range photogrammetry analysis is carried out to the image that the camera shoots, the space three of raindrop illuminated by laser beam is obtained
Dimension distribution map, with formation zone rainfall uniformity spatial distribution map.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described close shot is carried out to the image that the camera shoots to take the photograph
Shadow measurement analysis, obtains the space three-dimensional distribution map of raindrop illuminated by laser beam, with formation zone rainfall uniformity space point
The step of Butut, including：
Each stereogram for including is extracted from each image pair, each stereogram answers a point position, and two cameras are same
The image that one moment shot is image pair；
For each stereogram, space image is generated, obtain the space image spatial distribution of each image pair, wherein, each is three-dimensional
As being then a hot spot；
For each space image spatial distribution, interception space image distribution section；
The whole space image sections superposition that will be generated, obtains identical region to be measured, the superposition number of same point position space image；
Region identical to be measured, the space image superposition number of same point position obtained according to superposition, the formation zone rainfall uniformity are empty
Between distribution map.
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| CN206627644U (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measurement apparatus based on close-range photogrammetry principle |
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| JP2000180563A (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-30 | Nagoya Electric Works Co Ltd | Rainfall/snowfall condition detection method and device |
| KR20120090227A (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2012-08-17 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus of measuring tiny precipitation |
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