CN106772085A - A kind of method of cell uniformity in detection batteries - Google Patents
A kind of method of cell uniformity in detection batteries Download PDFInfo
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- CN106772085A CN106772085A CN201611219229.XA CN201611219229A CN106772085A CN 106772085 A CN106772085 A CN 106772085A CN 201611219229 A CN201611219229 A CN 201611219229A CN 106772085 A CN106772085 A CN 106772085A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of method for detecting cell uniformity in batteries, including step：The battery pack is multiple cell series connection and/or composes in parallel；In the discharge process of batteries, one or more in the voltage standard difference data of the voltage extreme difference, the relative extreme difference of pressure and each battery cell that obtain each cell in batteries in real time, the statistic for characterizing cell uniformity in batteries will be obtained to be compared with threshold value, dynamic detection is carried out with this uniformity to batteries in quality check process.Method proposed by the present invention, the discharge and recharge system different by setting quality check process, investigate battery module under specified applying working condition, the internal cell degree of consistency.By the quality inspection that this system is carried out, uniformity characterize data more convincingness when battery module dispatches from the factory, the uniformity of actual vehicle-mounted use process can be more effectively ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric performance test field, and in particular to a kind of detection method of batteries.
Background technology
Electric automobile power battery group in long-term charge and discharge process, due to charging between each cell in battery pack
The difference of difference, self-discharge rate by ability, the difference of capacity attenuation speed, may result in reality of each battery core in discharge and recharge
When voltage distribution it is uneven, in divergent trend, easily cause the increasing of internal battery pack battery discreteness, Individual cells performance degradation adds
Play, so as to cause whole group battery failure, therefore will influence the reliability of whole battery system.
Due to the limitation of electrokinetic cell capacity and terminal voltage, generally needed in the electrokinetic cell application that electric vehicle is used
Multiple batteries carry out series, parallel combination to reach voltage and larger capacity higher.And it is highly non-due to battery behavior
Linearly, while there is the differences such as manufacturing process, material, use environment, connected mode in battery pack between numerous batteries, single electricity
There is the inconsistent unavoidable of capacity, terminal voltage and internal resistance between pond.Furthermore, the string between the cell of power battery pack
Connected mode (bolt connection, riveting, ultra-sonic welded or laser welding etc.) in parallel also can in groups be completed to battery module
The uniformity of each cell afterwards produces influence.At the same time, battery module in actual use, internal temperature field
Otherness similarly can on cell uniformity produce influence.The inconsistent factor of these influence battery modules, it is comprehensive
Getting up to act on battery module will be such that the otherness of its internal cell expands rapidly, ultimately result in battery module whole
The power-performance of body declines, and actual life substantially reduces.
Therefore, the inconsistent sign of battery module should be embodied in dynamic charge and discharge process.And current industry
The interior method for improving cell uniformity in battery module, is carried out generally by the data to cell forming and capacity dividing
Treatment Analysis, uniformity is matched into battery high carries out filing combo, the consistent journey of the battery module after being improved in groups with this
Degree.But the drawbacks of this method is the dynamic charge and discharge process and in groups only with reference to the static data of itself of cell
Uniformity influence of the technique on battery module is not investigated further.
How just cell uniformity in battery module can be judged and more can in the quality check process of production line
The difference situation of actually used process battery modules is embodied, is the important content of accumulator testing technology, be also to improve battery
Module actual life problem in the urgent need to address.
The content of the invention
Be to solve existing battery module to manufacture process, only focus on the uniformity sorting of cell before production with
And battery mould splits apolegamy group, but ignore composition battery modules after inside battery battery consistency change problem, this hair
It is bright to propose a kind of method for detecting cell uniformity in batteries.
The technical scheme for realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is：
A kind of method of cell uniformity in detection batteries, including step：
The battery pack is for multiple cells in series and/or composes in parallel, and battery modules wherein in parallel are regarded as into one
Battery cell；
In the discharge process of batteries, voltage extreme difference, the voltage of each cell in batteries are obtained in real time
One or more in poor with respect to the voltage standard of extreme difference, each battery cell；Cell in batteries is characterized by obtaining
The statistic of uniformity is compared with threshold value, enters Mobile state with this uniformity to batteries in quality check process and examines
Survey.
Wherein, the method for cell uniformity in described detection batteries, with the charge and discharge process of batteries
Test data as analysis foundation, comprise the following steps,
(1) charge-discharge test is carried out to finished battery module, monomer voltage data are read.
(2) each monomer battery voltage value of any instant of charge and discharge process is chosen, by statistical method, this moment is stored
Each cell uniformity is quantified in battery modules.The content of quantization includes the one kind in extreme difference, relative extreme difference, standard deviation
Or it is various；
(3) table of each cell uniformity in the battery module that is calculated of process moment chosen with (2) step
Form and numerical value are levied, is compared with the uniformity control threshold values for setting, judge each cell electricity in battery module
Whether pressure uniformity meets requirement.
Battery module dynamic monomer battery voltage dispersion degree numerical value in real time is calculated, is entered with the threshold values for setting
Row compares.Less than uniformity threshold values, the consistent sexual satisfaction requirement of monomer battery voltage；Beyond the uniformity threshold values for setting,
The otherness of monomer battery voltage be then considered as it is excessive, it is undesirable.
The mode for evaluating the uniformity of cell in batteries existing at present is typically using voltage, internal resistance, capacity etc.
Battery parameter, but internal resistance and capacity are the measured value under battery static state, it is impossible to the discharge and recharge that actual battery uses process
Journey is combined, so generally in vehicular applications process, it is critical parameter that evaluating consistency of batteries uses cell voltage.
The present invention is by statistical extreme difference and standard deviation to the online uniformity for judging cell in batteries, knot
Closing software can accomplish real-time data record, calculate and be compared with threshold values so that cell is consistent in battery modules
Sex determination is just controlled by quality check process, rather than the judgement of a single state value of battery parameter under conventional static state, and
And software calculating is combined, processing data speed is fast, and offset issue can be found with the very first time.
Wherein, the system for carrying out quality inspection charge-discharge test to battery module is as follows：
1) battery modules are placed on detection fixture, after startup program, shelve 1min；
2) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system is reached with 2C constant-current discharges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Discharge cut-off voltage 3.00V, stops electric discharge, stands 5min；
3) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system is reached with 2C constant-current charges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Charge cutoff voltage 4.15V, stops charging, and stands 5min；
4) test process data collection interval is disposed as 1s.
Wherein, the detection fixture is detected to the voltage of battery modules and the monomer battery voltage of composition module.
Wherein, extreme difference coefficient formulas are as follows：
Uj=(Umax-Umin)/Up×100 (1)
In formula：Uj- extreme difference coefficient (%)；
UmaxHighest cell batteries voltage in-battery module finished product, unit is volt (V)；
UminMinimum cell batteries voltage in-battery module finished product, unit is volt (V)；
UpThe average monomer battery tension of-battery module finished product, unit is volt (V).
The computational methods of coefficient of standard deviation (%) are as follows：
Standard deviation
Coefficient of standard deviation
In formula：
Vδ- coefficient of standard deviation (%), retains two integers, the principle disposal of fractional part round off；
Cell series connection number in n-battery module；
VnSingle battery voltage in-battery module, unit is volt (V)；
The average voltage of the cell in V-battery module, unit is volt (V).
Wherein, the battery cell for being constituted for lithium ion battery, the scope of the threshold value is 0.01~0.5V.
Further, for the coefficient of standard deviation obtained by calculating, it is 0.001-0.015 to control threshold range；For calculating
The extreme difference coefficient of gained, it is 0.001-0.02 to control threshold range.
By this dynamic on-line monitoring mode, storage that can be not up to standard to the cell voltage uniformity in charge and discharge process
Battery modules are rejected, and search inconsistent reason.On the one hand, it may be possible to which battery module sorts combo before in groups
Cell uniformity in itself is just undesirable；On the other hand, it may be possible to which battery module is electrically connected in grouping procedure
There are the technological problemses such as solder skip/rosin joint in technique.If before in groups, cell uniformity meets the requirements, but completes in groups
, there is monomer battery voltage uniformity variation in quality check process afterwards, then can be from the quality of connection at battery electrical connection.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Method proposed by the present invention, the discharge and recharge system different by setting quality check process is investigated battery module and is being referred to
Under fixed applying working condition, the internal cell degree of consistency.By the quality inspection that this system is carried out, when battery module dispatches from the factory
Uniformity characterize data have more convincingness, the uniformity of actual vehicle-mounted use process can be more effectively ensured.Particularly exist
The quality check process of production, if in battery module quality check process, the defective work that will just not meet coherence request is picked
Remove, will be made moderate progress using the consistency problem of process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 48V battery module testing clamp schematic diagrames.
Fig. 2 is 48V battery module quality check process voltage curves.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is now illustrated with following examples, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
The means used in embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, use the means that this area is conventional.
Embodiment 1：
Below in conjunction with the quality inspection explanation of 48V battery modules, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of 48V battery systems for automobile start-stop system, intermediate products 48V battery moulds in process of production
Group, is connected in series by 13 single power batteries by laser welding mode.48V battery module testing equipments have monomer electricity
Pond gathers and carries out consistency analysis and the function of judging, detection fixture is as shown in Figure 1.
Battery modules wherein in parallel are regarded as a cell.There are 7 joints, the other ends also to have seven in module one end
It is individual, 13 groups of voltage curves, such as Fig. 2 can be measured after being connected with discharge and recharge instrument.Artwork is colour, shows that each monomer battery voltage is bent
Line (V1 ...~V13) and battery modules voltage curve (V is total).
Quality inspection charge-discharge test is carried out to battery module, concrete system is as follows：
1) battery modules are placed on detection fixture, after startup program, shelve 1min；
2) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system is reached with 2C constant-current discharges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Discharge cut-off voltage 3.00V, stops electric discharge, stands 5min；
3) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system is reached with 2C constant-current charges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Charge cutoff voltage 4.15V, stops charging, and stands 5min；
4) test process data collection interval is disposed as 1s.
The threshold value for setting the monomer battery voltage coefficient of standard deviation in accumulator charging/discharging process is 0.015.Discharge and recharge
In journey to any time record battery voltage data carry out coefficient of standard deviation calculating and with the monomer battery voltage for setting
Coefficient of standard deviation threshold value 0.015 is compared.The computational methods for calculating coefficient of standard deviation (%) are as follows：
Standard deviation
Coefficient of standard deviation
In formula：
Vδ- coefficient of standard deviation (%), retains two integers；
Cell series connection number in n-battery module, n is 13 in embodiment；
VnSingle battery voltage in-battery module, unit is volt (V)；
The average voltage of the cell in V-battery module, unit is volt (V).
In test process, the general switching software of test equipment calculates the voltage standard difference coefficient of cell and contrasts survey in real time
The uniformity given threshold of system input before examination.There is monomer battery voltage uniformity in battery module and does not meet in test process
The moment of threshold requirements, testing equipment can point out warning message, be rejected as defective work.
The charging/discharging voltage curve of quality check process (shelves t as shown in Fig. 2 choosing wherein 5 moment points before test1Moment,
T in 2C constant-current discharges2T is shelved after moment, electric discharge3T in moment, 2C constant-current charges4T is shelved after moment, 2C constant-current charges5Moment)
The calculating of monomer voltage uniformity is carried out, result of calculation is as shown in the table：
Table 1：Result of calculation
The coefficient of standard deviation that 5 moment points of the above are calculated is compared with the uniformity threshold values 0.015 of setting, not
Beyond threshold range, testing equipment does not point out alarm.In whole quality check process, test software can be by each note in charging and discharging curve
The voltage data for recording the moment is calculated and compared with threshold value, and specific method is with 5 moment points chosen above.
By this mode 48V battery modules are carried out with the quality inspection of uniformity, it is ensured that cell in discharge and recharge overall process
Uniformity wish control threshold range in, it is undesirable to be rejected or reprocessed.
Embodiment above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, and not the scope of the present invention is entered
Row is limited, and on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, this area ordinary skill technical staff is to technical side of the invention
The all variations and modifications that case is made, all should fall into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of detect batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that including step：
In the discharge process of batteries, voltage extreme difference, the pressure antipode of each cell in batteries are obtained in real time
One or more in the voltage standard difference data of difference and each battery cell, cell one in batteries is characterized by obtaining
The statistic of cause property is compared with threshold value, and dynamic detection is carried out with this uniformity to batteries in quality check process.
2. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：With electric power storage
The test data of the charge and discharge process of pond group is comprised the following steps as analysis foundation：
(1) charge-discharge test is carried out to finished battery module, monomer voltage data are read；
(2) each monomer battery voltage value of any instant of charge and discharge process is chosen, by statistical method, to this moment battery
Each cell uniformity is quantified in module；The content of quantization includes the one kind or many in extreme difference, relative extreme difference, standard deviation
Kind；
(3) the sign shape of each cell uniformity in the battery module that is calculated of process moment chosen with (2) step
Formula and numerical value, are compared with the uniformity control threshold value for setting, and judge each monomer battery voltage one in battery module
Whether cause property meets requirement；
Less than uniformity threshold value, the consistent sexual satisfaction requirement of monomer battery voltage；Beyond the uniformity threshold value for setting, monomer
The otherness of cell voltage be then considered as it is excessive, it is undesirable.
3. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：To electric power storage
The system that pond module carries out quality inspection charge-discharge test is as follows：
1) battery modules are placed on detection fixture, after startup program, shelve 1min；
2) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system reaches electric discharge with 2C constant-current discharges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Blanking voltage 3.00V, stops electric discharge, stands 5min；
3) under 20 ± 5 DEG C of environmental conditions, battery system reaches charging with 2C constant-current charges 2min or any monomer battery voltages
Blanking voltage 4.15V, stops charging, and stands 5min；
4) test process data collection interval is disposed as 1s.
4. it is according to claim 3 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：The inspection
Fixture is surveyed to detect the monomer battery voltage of the voltage of battery modules and composition module.
5. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：Extreme difference system
Number computing formula is as follows：
Uj=(Umax-Umin)/Up×100 (1)
In formula：Uj- extreme difference coefficient (%)；
UmaxHighest cell batteries voltage in-battery module finished product, unit is volt；
UminMinimum cell batteries voltage in-battery module finished product, unit is volt；
UpThe average voltage of-battery module finished product, unit is volt.
6. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：Standard deviation
The computational methods of coefficient (%) are as follows：
Standard deviation
Coefficient of standard deviation
In formula：
Vδ- coefficient of standard deviation (%), retains two integers, the principle disposal of fractional part round off；
The number of n-trial-production resultant battery module；
The voltage of Vn-single battery module, unit is volt (V)；
The average voltage of V-trial-production resultant battery module, unit is volt (V).
7. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：For lithium
The battery cell of ion battery composition, the scope of the threshold value is 0.001~0.5.
8. it is according to claim 7 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：For meter
Coefficient of standard deviation obtained by calculation, it is 0.001-0.015 to control threshold range；For the extreme difference coefficient obtained by calculating, threshold value is controlled
Scope is 0.001-0.02.
9. it is according to claim 1 detection batteries in cell uniformity method, it is characterised in that：In groups
Before, in grouping procedure, in groups after the completion of carry out the detection of cell uniformity in batteries, battery module is in groups
Before, it is judged to that cell uniformity in itself is just undesirable beyond the cell of threshold value；In grouping procedure, judge
To there is solder skip and/or rosin joint in electrical connection technique；, there is the change of monomer battery voltage uniformity in quality check process after the completion of in groups
Difference, is judged to the quality of connection problem at electrical connection.
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| CN107884720A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-06 | 常州普莱德新能源电池科技有限公司 | Detection method and detection means for battery modules leak inductance |
| CN107907836A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-13 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium-ion-power cell method for evaluating consistency and system |
| CN107991620A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Charging pile synchronously demarcates the method, apparatus and system of BMS information gatherings |
| CN108089133A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-29 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | Energy-storage system consistency of battery pack detection method and detection device |
| CN108132441A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-08 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | The range of operation of energy-storage battery module state-of-charge determines method and device |
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| CN108254695A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 上海捷新动力电池系统有限公司 | Battery core monomer Capacity uniformity detection method in a kind of ferric phosphate lithium cell module |
| CN108387848A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-10 | 湖州师范学院 | A kind of method of the single battery of consistency difference in automatic replacing power battery pack |
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