CN106772012B - Relay fault diagnosis circuit and method - Google Patents
Relay fault diagnosis circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106772012B CN106772012B CN201611236540.5A CN201611236540A CN106772012B CN 106772012 B CN106772012 B CN 106772012B CN 201611236540 A CN201611236540 A CN 201611236540A CN 106772012 B CN106772012 B CN 106772012B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3275—Fault detection or status indication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
- G01R31/3274—Details related to measuring, e.g. sensing, displaying or computing; Measuring of variables related to the contact pieces, e.g. wear, position or resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a relay fault diagnosis circuit and a method, which comprises the following steps: s01: after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the BMS control unit (200) controls the detection branch selecting unit (100) to carry out corresponding voltage detection branch gating operation; s02: the currently-gated voltage detection branch detects voltages at two ends of the currently-gated voltage detection branch; s03: comparing the voltages detected by the voltage detection branches, and judging the adhesion state of each relay according to the comparison result; s04: and if the relays are not adhered in the step S03, operating and controlling the corresponding relays, gating the corresponding voltage detection branches for voltage detection, and judging the failure states of the corresponding relays according to the detected voltages. Through setting up detection branch road detecting element and switching wantonly between the multichannel voltage detection circuit that awaits measuring, realize voltage detection unit detectable multichannel voltage value all the way, save voltage detection's component cost greatly, the BMS performance is more stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of relay diagnosis, in particular to a relay fault diagnosis circuit and method.
Background
With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the requirements on the performance of power batteries of the electric vehicles are stricter and stricter, so that the fault diagnosis of the high-voltage relay is more and more important. Referring to fig. 1, a conventional method for diagnosing a high-voltage relay in a BMS of an electric vehicle needs to detect a plurality of voltage values, and each voltage value detection corresponds to an independent voltage detection circuit, such as an internal total voltage detection circuit, an external total voltage detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit between a total positive terminal and a total negative terminal of a power battery, and a voltage detection circuit between a positive terminal and a total negative terminal of the power battery. In the prior art. Each path of voltage detection circuit comprises an AD conversion unit, a high-voltage low-voltage isolation unit, a voltage division resistor unit and the like. Therefore, in the BMS of the prior art, under the condition that a plurality of voltage values need to be detected, a plurality of voltage detection circuits need to be adopted, so that the BMS has a complicated circuit structure, high production cost and large occupied space, and the complicated circuit structure affects the overall performance of the BMS. Meanwhile, the multi-path voltage detection circuit needs to occupy a plurality of AD ports of a control center in the BMS, and excessively occupies very limited AD port resources of the control center in the BMS.
In addition, the faults of the high-voltage relay include two states of adhesion and failure (failure is a state which cannot be closed, and is commonly referred to in the industry). However, the existing high-voltage relay diagnosis method can only diagnose that the high-voltage relay is in an adhesion state, and cannot accurately diagnose whether the high-voltage relay is in a failure state, so that the diagnosis result is incomplete, and the BMS performance is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a relay fault diagnosis method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a relay fault diagnostic circuit comprising: the device comprises a total positive relay Kp, a pre-charging resistor R, a pre-charging relay Kpre, a total negative relay Kn, a detection branch selection unit, a BMS control unit and a voltage detection unit, wherein the first end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the total positive end of a battery pack, the second end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the positive end of a load, the first end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the total negative end of the battery pack, and the second end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the negative end of the load; (ii) a
One end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the first end of the main positive relay Kp, the other end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the pre-charging relay Kpre, and the other end of the pre-charging relay Kpre is connected with the second end of the main positive relay Kp;
the first input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the total positive end of the battery pack, the second input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the positive end of the load, the third input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the total negative end of the battery pack, the fourth input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the negative end of the load, the fifth input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the connecting node of the pre-charging resistor R and the pre-charging relay Kpre, and the output end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is;
and the detection branch selecting unit is in signal connection with the BMS control unit.
In one embodiment, the first input terminal, the detection branch selection unit (100), the voltage detection unit and the third input terminal form a first voltage detection branch; the third input end, the detection branch selection unit, the voltage detection unit and the fifth input end form a second voltage detection branch, the first input end, the detection branch selection unit, the voltage detection unit and the fourth input end form a third voltage detection branch, and the second input end, the detection branch selection unit, the voltage detection unit and the third input end form a fourth voltage detection branch.
The fault diagnosis method based on the relay fault diagnosis circuit comprises the following steps:
s01: after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the BMS control unit controls the detection branch selecting unit to carry out corresponding voltage detection branch gating operation;
s02: the currently-gated voltage detection branch detects voltages at two ends of the currently-gated voltage detection branch;
s03: comparing the voltages detected by the voltage detection branches, and judging the adhesion state of each relay according to the comparison result;
s04: and if the relays are not adhered in the step S03, operating and controlling the corresponding relays, gating the corresponding voltage detection branches for voltage detection, and judging the failure states of the corresponding relays according to the detected voltages.
In one embodiment, the step S01 specifically includes:
after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the control detection branch selection unit of the BMS control unit alternately gates the first voltage detection branch, the second voltage detection branch, the third voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch.
In one embodiment, the step S02 specifically includes:
when the first voltage detection branch circuit is gated, the first voltage detection branch circuit detects voltages at two ends of the first voltage detection branch circuit to obtain a detection voltage V1; when the second voltage detection branch is gated, the second voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the second voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V2; when the third voltage detection branch is gated, the third voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the third voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V3; when the fourth voltage detection branch is gated, the fourth voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V4.
In one embodiment, the step S03 specifically includes the following steps:
if the detection voltage V3 of the third voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total negative relay Kn is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total positive relay Kp is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch line rises according to the pre-charging curve, the total negative relay Kn and the pre-charging relay Kpre are simultaneously adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V2 of the second voltage detection branch, the pre-charge relay Kpre is adhered or the pre-charge relay Kpre and the total positive relay Kp are adhered at the same time.
In one embodiment, the step S04 of performing operation control on the corresponding relay and enabling the corresponding voltage detection branch for voltage detection includes a step S041 of determining the failure state of the corresponding relay according to the detected voltage:
closing a pre-charging relay Kpre, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the pre-charging relay Kpre is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to zero, the pre-charging relay Kpre is invalid;
if the detection voltage V4 rises according to the pre-charge curve, the pre-charge relay Kpre is normally closed and the total negative relay Kn is stuck.
In one embodiment, if no fault exists in the diagnosis result in step S041, step S04 further includes a failure determination step S042 of the total negative relay Kn:
closing the total negative relay kn, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the third voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V3;
if the detection voltage V3 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total negative relay Kn is normally closed;
if the sensed voltage V3 is equal to zero, the total negative relay Kn fails.
In one embodiment, if no fault exists in the diagnosis result in the step S042, the step S04 further includes a failure determining step S043 of the total positive relay Kp:
closing a total negative relay kn and then closing a pre-charging relay Kpre;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing a main positive relay kp, and then disconnecting a pre-charging relay kpre;
sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total positive relay Kp is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is smaller than the detection voltage V1 and the detection voltage V4 falls, the total positive relay Kp fails.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. through setting up the detection branch road detecting element and switching wantonly between the multichannel voltage detection circuit that awaits measuring, realize the multichannel voltage value of voltage detection unit detectable all the way, save voltage detection's component cost greatly, simplify BMS hardware circuit, do benefit to and reduce BMS occupation space, it is that the BMS performance is more stable moreover.
2. According to the technical scheme, on the premise of no complex circuit, multi-path voltage detection can be carried out, and two fault conditions of adhesion and failure of the high-voltage relay can be accurately diagnosed when the high-voltage relay is diagnosed.
3. The diagnosis process method is simple, the diagnosis result is comprehensive, and the method is efficient and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art relay diagnostic circuit;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a relay fault diagnosis circuit in the present embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit voltage detection branch for relay fault diagnosis in the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a relay fault diagnosis method in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 2 is a circuit for diagnosing a relay fault, and fig. 3 is also incorporated, which includes: the system comprises a total positive relay Kp, a pre-charging resistor R, a pre-charging relay Kpre, a total negative relay Kn, a detection branch selecting unit 100, a BMS control unit 200 and a voltage detection unit 300, wherein the first end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the total positive end of a battery pack, the second end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the positive end of a load, the first end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the total negative end of the battery pack, and the second end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the negative end of the load;
one end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the first end of the main positive relay Kp, the other end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the pre-charging relay Kpre, and the other end of the pre-charging relay Kpre is connected with the second end of the main positive relay Kp;
a first input end of the detection branch selecting unit 100 is connected with a total positive end of the battery pack, a second input end of the detection branch selecting unit is connected with a positive end of the load, a third input end of the detection branch selecting unit is connected with a total negative end of the battery pack, a fourth input end of the detection branch selecting unit is connected with a negative end of the load, a fifth input end of the detection branch selecting unit is connected with a connection node of the pre-charging resistor R and the pre-charging relay Kpre, and an output end of the detection branch selecting unit 100 is connected with the voltage detection unit 300;
the sensing branch selecting unit 100 is in signal connection with the BMS control unit 200.
Further, the first input terminal, the detection branch selecting unit 100, the voltage detecting unit 300, and the third input terminal form a first voltage detection branch; the third input terminal, the detection branch selection unit 100, the voltage detection unit 300, and the fifth input terminal form a second voltage detection branch, the first input terminal, the detection branch selection unit 100, the voltage detection unit 300, and the fourth input terminal form a third voltage detection branch, and the second input terminal, the detection branch selection unit 100, the voltage detection unit 300, and the third input terminal form a fourth voltage detection branch.
Referring to fig. 4, the fault diagnosis method based on the relay fault diagnosis circuit includes the following steps:
s01: after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the BMS controlling unit 200 controls the detecting branch selecting unit 100 to perform a corresponding voltage detecting branch gating operation;
s02: the currently-gated voltage detection branch detects voltages at two ends of the currently-gated voltage detection branch;
s03: comparing the voltages detected by the voltage detection branches, and judging the adhesion state of each relay according to the comparison result;
s04: and if the relays are not adhered in the step S03, operating and controlling the corresponding relays, gating the corresponding voltage detection branches for voltage detection, and judging the failure states of the corresponding relays according to the detected voltages.
Further, the step S01 is specifically:
after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the BMS controlling unit 200 controls the detecting branch selecting unit 100 to gate the first voltage detecting branch, the second voltage detecting branch, the third voltage detecting branch and the fourth voltage detecting branch in turn.
Further, the step S02 is specifically:
when the first voltage detection branch circuit is gated, the first voltage detection branch circuit detects voltages at two ends of the first voltage detection branch circuit to obtain a detection voltage V1; when the second voltage detection branch is gated, the second voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the second voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V2; when the third voltage detection branch is gated, the third voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the third voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V3; when the fourth voltage detection branch is gated, the fourth voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V4.
Further, the step S03 specifically includes the following steps:
if the detection voltage V3 of the third voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total negative relay Kn is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total positive relay Kp is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch line rises according to the pre-charging curve, the total negative relay Kn and the pre-charging relay Kpre are simultaneously adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V2 of the second voltage detection branch, the pre-charge relay Kpre is adhered or the pre-charge relay Kpre and the total positive relay Kp are adhered at the same time.
Further, in the step S04, the operation control is performed on the corresponding relay, and the corresponding voltage detection branch is gated for voltage detection, and the step of determining the failure state of the corresponding relay according to the detected voltage includes a failure determining step S041 of the pre-charge relay Kpre:
closing a pre-charging relay Kpre, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the pre-charging relay Kpre is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to zero, the pre-charging relay Kpre is invalid;
if the detection voltage V4 rises according to the pre-charge curve, the pre-charge relay Kpre is normally closed and the total negative relay Kn is stuck.
Further, if no fault exists in the diagnosis result in step S041, step S04 further includes a failure determination step S042 of the total negative relay Kn:
closing the total negative relay kn, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the third voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V3;
if the detection voltage V3 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total negative relay Kn is normally closed;
if the sensed voltage V3 is equal to zero, the total negative relay Kn fails.
Further, if no fault exists in the diagnosis result in step S042, the step S04 further includes a failure determining step S043 of the total positive relay Kp:
closing a total negative relay kn and then closing a pre-charging relay Kpre;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing a main positive relay kp, and then disconnecting a pre-charging relay kpre;
sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total positive relay Kp is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is smaller than the detection voltage V1 and the detection voltage V4 falls, the total positive relay Kp fails.
It should be noted that, when the total negative relay Kn and the pre-charge relay Kpre are adhered to each other at the same time, the battery pack, the total negative relay Kn, the pre-charge relay Kpre and the load form a loop, and due to the capacitor in the load, the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch rises to a range understandable by those skilled in the art according to the pre-charge curve, and the definition of the pre-charge curve is not explained in the specification, and similarly, the detection voltage drop of the fourth voltage detection branch is not explained.
It should also be noted that the BMS control unit 200 is shown in signal connection with a voltage detection unit.
It should be further noted that the relay failure state is a state in which the relay cannot be normally closed.
The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A relay fault diagnosis circuit characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a total positive relay Kp, a pre-charging resistor R, a pre-charging relay Kpre, a total negative relay Kn, a detection branch selecting unit (100), a BMS control unit (200) and a voltage detection unit (300), wherein the first end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the total positive end of a battery pack, the second end of the total positive relay Kp is connected with the positive end of a load, the first end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the total negative end of the battery pack, and the second end of the total negative relay Kn is connected with the negative end of the load;
one end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the first end of the main positive relay Kp, the other end of the pre-charging resistor R is connected with the pre-charging relay Kpre, and the other end of the pre-charging relay Kpre is connected with the second end of the main positive relay Kp;
the first input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit (100) is connected with the total positive end of the battery pack, the second input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the positive end of the load, the third input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the total negative end of the battery pack, the fourth input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the negative end of the load, the fifth input end of the detection branch circuit selection unit is connected with the connection node of the pre-charging resistor R and the pre-charging relay Kpre, and the output end of the detection branch circuit selection unit (100) is connected with the;
the detection branch selecting unit (100) is in signal connection with the BMS control unit (200);
the first input end, the detection branch selection unit (100), the voltage detection unit (300) and the third input end form a first voltage detection branch; the third input end, the detection branch selection unit (100), the voltage detection unit (300) and the fifth input end form a second voltage detection branch, the first input end, the detection branch selection unit (100), the voltage detection unit (300) and the fourth input end form a third voltage detection branch, and the second input end, the detection branch selection unit (100), the voltage detection unit (300) and the third input end form a fourth voltage detection branch.
2. The fault diagnosis method of the relay fault diagnosis circuit according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s01: after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, the BMS control unit (200) controls the detection branch selecting unit (100) to carry out corresponding voltage detection branch gating operation;
s02: the currently-gated voltage detection branch detects voltages at two ends of the currently-gated voltage detection branch;
s03: comparing the voltages detected by the voltage detection branches, and judging the adhesion state of each relay according to the comparison result;
s04: if the relays are not adhered in the step S03, the corresponding relays are operated and controlled, the corresponding voltage detection branches are gated for voltage detection, and the failure states of the corresponding relays are judged according to the detected voltages;
the step S01 specifically includes:
after the circuit is powered on at low voltage, a control detection branch selecting unit (100) of a BMS control unit (200) alternately gates a first voltage detection branch, a second voltage detection branch, a third voltage detection branch and a fourth voltage detection branch;
the step S02 specifically includes:
when the first voltage detection branch circuit is gated, the first voltage detection branch circuit detects voltages at two ends of the first voltage detection branch circuit to obtain a detection voltage V1; when the second voltage detection branch is gated, the second voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the second voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V2; when the third voltage detection branch is gated, the third voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the third voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V3; when the fourth voltage detection branch is gated, the fourth voltage detection branch detects the voltages at the two ends of the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V4;
the step S03 specifically includes the following steps:
if the detection voltage V3 of the third voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total negative relay Kn is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V1 of the first voltage detection branch, the total positive relay Kp is adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch line rises according to the pre-charging curve, the total negative relay Kn and the pre-charging relay Kpre are simultaneously adhered;
if the detection voltage V4 of the fourth voltage detection branch is equal to the detection voltage V2 of the second voltage detection branch, the pre-charging relay Kpre is adhered to the main positive relay Kp;
the step S04 of performing operation control on the corresponding relay, gating the corresponding voltage detection branch for voltage detection, and determining the failure state of the corresponding relay according to the detected voltage includes a failure determination step S041 of the pre-charge relay Kpre:
closing a pre-charging relay Kpre, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the pre-charging relay Kpre is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to zero, the pre-charging relay Kpre is invalid;
if the detection voltage V4 rises according to the pre-charging curve, the pre-charging relay Kpre is normally closed and the total negative relay Kn is adhered;
if no fault exists in the diagnosis results in step S041, step S04 further includes a failure determination step S042 of the total negative relay Kn:
closing the total negative relay kn, sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the third voltage detection branch, and obtaining a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V3;
if the detection voltage V3 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total negative relay Kn is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V3 is equal to zero, the total negative relay Kn is invalid;
if no fault exists in the diagnosis result in the step S042, the step S04 further includes a failure determining step S043 of the total positive relay Kp:
closing a total negative relay kn and then closing a pre-charging relay Kpre;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing a main positive relay kp, and then disconnecting a pre-charging relay kpre;
sequentially gating the first voltage detection branch and the fourth voltage detection branch to obtain a detection voltage V1 and a detection voltage V4;
if the detection voltage V4 is equal to the detection voltage V1, the total positive relay Kp is normally closed;
if the detection voltage V4 is smaller than the detection voltage V1 and the detection voltage V4 falls, the total positive relay Kp fails.
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