CN107482591A - A kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method - Google Patents

A kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107482591A
CN107482591A CN201710648789.5A CN201710648789A CN107482591A CN 107482591 A CN107482591 A CN 107482591A CN 201710648789 A CN201710648789 A CN 201710648789A CN 107482591 A CN107482591 A CN 107482591A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
relay
chip
voltage
positive pole
preliminary filling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710648789.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何晓磊
张翼
李昱
苏良虎
贾重阳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anhui Offnenbach New Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Offnenbach New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Anhui Offnenbach New Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Anhui Offnenbach New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710648789.5A priority Critical patent/CN107482591A/en
Publication of CN107482591A publication Critical patent/CN107482591A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H02H7/222Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for switches

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  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method, belongs to electric automobile security technology area, including:S1, main control chip send control instruction by SPI communication mechanisms to high/low side chip;S2, height/base chip carry out fault diagnosis, wherein each relay includes positive pole relay, negative pole relay, preliminary filling relay, off-board charge relay and onboard charger according to the control instruction received to each relay in high tension loop;S3, when diagnosing relay and breaking down, height/base chip disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor automatically, ensures high tension loop safety.Fault diagnosis is carried out to the relay in high tension loop by high/low chip, before relay damaged, failure is found in time and releases, ensure that the safety of high tension loop.

Description

A kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric automobile security technology area, more particularly to a kind of on-board high-voltage relay security protection side Method.
Background technology
With gradual attention of the people to environmental protection, electric automobile turns into current research heat with the characteristic of its environmental protection and energy saving Point.High-voltage power circuit is configured with, when the vehicle-mounted power electric power storage of electric automobile as driver element using motor due to electric automobile Pond can exceed 400V (DC) voltage, non-security electricity consumption, jeopardize the person and vehicle safety, referred to as electronic vapour in full electric charge The high-voltage safety problem of car.Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the voltage of high-tension circuit, electric current etc. in real time during electric automobile during traveling The break-make and process of various electrical conditions and high-tension circuit, after it found the abnormal situation, corresponding actions are made immediately, cut-out is high The output of piezoelectricity.
The traveling process of electric automobile is the charge and discharge process of high-tension circuit, in the process of running, due to high-tension electricity device The capacitive reactance of input and the equipment fault (such as short circuit) being likely to occur, high pressure surge can be produced by directly connecting high-tension electricity, be High pressure surge when avoiding connecting, high-pressure system use pre-charge process.Therefore control relay circuit is devised, for controlling Anode relay, negative terminal relay and the pre-charge-relay of battery pack processed.
But existing high-tension circuit relay normally only focuses on pre-charge process, and the damage class of relay is not paid close attention to Type and suitable bad mechanism.And existing high-tension circuit relay control strategy is excessively simple, the protection process of relay is not considered, and And can only can just be pinpointed the problems after physics is suitable badly, it can not accomplish to prevent trouble before it happens.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method, with before relay damaged Release failure.
To realize object above, the present invention provides a kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method, comprised the following steps:
S1, main control chip send control instruction by SPI communication mechanisms to high/low side chip;
S2, height/base chip carry out fault diagnosis according to the control instruction received, to each relay in high tension loop, Wherein each relay includes positive pole relay, negative pole relay, preliminary filling relay, off-board charge relay and vehicle-mounted charge Device;
S3, when diagnosing relay and breaking down, height/base chip disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor automatically, ensures high tension loop safety.
Further, above-mentioned steps S2, specifically include:
High/low chip carries out voltage acquisition according to the control instruction received, to default sampled point in high tension loop, its In, default sampled point includes being arranged on high pressure sampled point UAct1 of the positive pole relay between anode, is arranged on positive pole High pressure sampled point UAct2 of the relay between motor, the high pressure sampled point being arranged between negative pole relay and motor The UAct3 and high pressure sampled point UAct4 being arranged between negative pole relay and GND;
High/low chip diagnoses according to voltage acquisition result to the failure of each relay in high tension loop.
Further, in above-mentioned steps S2, in discharge loop, high/low chip carries out the mistake of fault diagnosis to relay Journey includes:
When UAct2 is more than UAct1 in off-line state, judge that battery has overload risk;
When UAct2 voltage and UAct1 voltage ratio and pre-set ratio are not inconsistent after the power-up, judge preliminary filling relay/ Positive pole relay there are problems that being adhered;
After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct3 and UAct4 voltage difference not within a preset range, judges negative pole relay Device there are problems that being adhered;
After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct2 judges preliminary filling process within a specified time not less than the 95% of UAct1 Time-out;
Pre-charge voltage gradient rise fault is judged whether by gradient algorithm;
After positive pole relay closure, if UAct2 is not up to the 98% of UAct1, judge that positive pole relay has closure event Barrier;
After lower electricity instruction is received, high/low chip judges that high-tension circuit whether there is power-down state failure;
After positive pole relay open command is received, exceed setting value in UAct2, judge that positive pole relay is present and be adhered Failure;
In preliminary filling relay closing time, when voltage is increased beyond voltage limits, judge that preliminary filling relay has circuit Failure.
Further, the above method also includes:
The access times of each relay in main control chip collection high tension loop, and gathered by battery management system BMS Current value when each relay disconnects;
Main control chip calculates the service life of relay according to current value when access times and the disconnection of relay;
Main control chip judges whether the service life of relay reaches preset alarm value, if it is, by diagnosing message Communicated with outgoing and carry out message alarm.
Compared with prior art, there is following technique effect in the present invention:In the present invention main control chip by high/low chip with The pin connection of each relay, the circuit protection in terms of forming hardware electrically in high-tension circuit.Main control chip passes through SPI communication devices Output order processed controls high/low chip to carry out each relay fault diagnosis, and when relay breaks down, high/low chip is automatic Cut off metal-oxide-semiconductor, you can before relay damaged, find failure and release failure, ensure that the safety of high tension loop.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail:
Fig. 1 is hardware electrical protection structural representation in a kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the position relationship schematic diagram of four high pressure sampled points in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the decision logic schematic diagram of repeat circuit state of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate further the feature of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed descriptions related to the present invention and accompanying drawing.Institute Accompanying drawing is only for reference and purposes of discussion, is not used for being any limitation as protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of hardware electrical structure of on-board high-voltage security appliance means of defence is disclosed in the present embodiment: The output end of main control chip drives the chip-scale circuit driven with base to be connected with each relay in high tension loop by flash, main Control chip by high-low side switch closure positive pole relay, negative pole relay, preliminary filling relay, off-board charge relay and Vehicle-mounted charge relay.
Wherein, flash driving chip has:Diagnose detection, open-drain diagnosis detection, excess temperature diagnosis is detected, overload is examined short circuit Disconnected to detect and be shorted to power supply diagnosis detection, when these failures occur for relay, flash driving chip disconnects MOS automatically Pipe, ensure the safety of high tension loop.Low side driving chip has:Diagnose detection, open-drain diagnosis detection, excess temperature diagnosis inspection short circuit Survey and overload diagnosis detects, when these failures occur for relay, low side driving chip disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor automatically, ensures high pressure The safety in loop.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 present embodiment discloses a kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method, including such as Lower step S1 to S3:
S1, main control chip send control instruction by SPI communication mechanisms to high/low side chip;
Main control chip in the present embodiment uses SPI communication mechanisms, is a kind of high speed, the synchronous communication mechanism of full duplex.
S2, height/base chip carry out fault diagnosis according to the control instruction received, to each relay in high tension loop, Wherein each relay includes positive pole relay, negative pole relay, preliminary filling relay, off-board charge relay and vehicle-mounted charge Device;
S3, when diagnosing relay and breaking down, height/base chip disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor automatically, ensures high tension loop safety.
Further, step S2, specifically include:
High/low chip carries out voltage acquisition according to the control instruction received, to default sampled point in high tension loop, its In, default sampled point includes being arranged on high pressure sampled point UAct1 of the positive pole relay between anode, is arranged on positive pole High pressure sampled point UAct2 of the relay between motor, the high pressure sampled point being arranged between negative pole relay and motor The UAct3 and high pressure sampled point UAct4 being arranged between negative pole relay and GND;, wherein, four high pressure samplings The position of point is as shown in Figure 3;
High/low chip diagnoses according to voltage acquisition result to the failure of each relay in high tension loop.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment in discharge loop set 4 high pressure sampled points, be separately positioned on positive pole after Before electrical equipment at positive pole, after positive pole relay, before negative pole relay at negative pole, after negative pole relay.In charge circuit The middle relay using contact-carrying, to be adhered cut-offfing and closing for linkage diagnostic contact according to the combination of main contacts, pass through periphery The mode that circuit is built is physics closure or disconnected to diagnose charge relay.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, the major state of discharge loop mesohigh relay is divided into 8 states, respectively battery from Wire state, pre-charge state, positive pole relay connection status, battery presence, battery closed mode, relay disconnect shape State, malfunction and relay diagnostic state.
Further, in order to which the just logic control to discharge condition explains with diagnosis process, to putting in above-mentioned steps High pressure sampled point in electrical circuit is named, and specific relay failure diagnostic process is as follows:
When UAct2 is more than UAct1 in off-line state, judge that battery has overload risk;
When UAct2 voltage and UAct1 voltage ratio and pre-set ratio are not inconsistent after the power-up, judge preliminary filling relay/ Positive pole relay there are problems that being adhered;
Specifically, voltage ratio illustrates that relay has adhesion problems more than pre-set ratio, is less than more than certain proportion certain Ratio primitive decision is preliminary filling relay adhesion problems, and ratio concrete numerical value passes through experimental calibration.
After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct3 and UAct4 voltage difference not within a preset range, judges negative pole relay Device there are problems that being adhered;
Specifically, the preset range at this can be demarcated by experiment.
After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct2 judges preliminary filling process within a specified time not less than the 95% of UAct1 Time-out;
Pre-charge voltage gradient rise fault is judged whether by gradient algorithm;
After positive pole relay closure, if UAct2 is not up to the 98% of UAct1, judge that positive pole relay has closure event Barrier;
After lower electricity instruction is received, high/low chip judges that high-tension circuit whether there is power-down state failure, because working as To after lower electricity instruction, still there is large current load that relay can be caused not disconnect normally in high-tension line;
After positive pole relay open command is received, exceed setting value in UAct2, judge that positive pole relay is present and be adhered Failure;
After positive pole relay asks to disconnect, UAct2 should be that the voltage of very little is present, therefore, setting value at this compared with It is small, when UAct2 exceedes setting value, you can judge that positive pole relay is present and be adhered failure.
In preliminary filling relay closing time, when voltage is increased beyond voltage limits, judge that preliminary filling relay has circuit Failure.
Further, the high/low chip in the present embodiment also diagnoses to the bottom failure of relay, when detecting bottom During layer failure, selected chip can quote fault, when there is the generation of such failure, should also enter relay failure shape State.
High/low chip also diagnoses to preliminary filling resistance excess temperature failure, when preliminary filling relay closing time is longer, can lead Cause preliminary filling electrical resistance overheats.If system frequently power-on and power-off, frequently it is opened and closed preliminary filling relay and easilys lead to preliminary filling resistance mistake Temperature, it should timely enter relay malfunction, be otherwise easy to burn out preliminary filling resistance.
Further, the above method also comprises the following steps:
The access times of each relay in main control chip collection high tension loop, and gathered by battery management system BMS Current value when each relay disconnects;
Main control chip calculates the service life of relay according to current value when access times and the disconnection of relay;
Main control chip judges whether the service life of relay reaches preset alarm value, if it is, by diagnosing message Communicated with outgoing and carry out message alarm.
Calculated in the present embodiment by the service life of relay, when judging relay already close to service life It is that high/low chip is alarmed by diagnosing message with outgoing communication packet, and CAN communication can inform client by instrument, with It is easy to prompting client to arrive 4S shops in time to be changed.
It should be noted that the high-voltage relay of the electric discharge in the present embodiment and the high-voltage relay of charging set mutual lock machine System, when the high-voltage relay closure of electric discharge, the high-voltage relay of charging is forbidden to be closed at, if receiving electric discharge high pressure simultaneously When relay is with charging high-voltage relay request command, for security protection, it should simultaneously switch off electric discharge high-voltage relay with filling Electric high-voltage relay, and carry out corresponding failure alarm.Here interlocking mechanism is same as the prior art, repeats no more at this.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (4)

  1. A kind of 1. on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method, it is characterised in that including:
    S1, main control chip send control instruction by SPI communication mechanisms to high/low side chip;
    S2, height/base chip carry out fault diagnosis according to the control instruction received, to each relay in high tension loop, wherein Each relay includes positive pole relay, negative pole relay, preliminary filling relay, off-board charge relay and onboard charger;
    S3, when diagnosing relay and breaking down, height/base chip disconnects metal-oxide-semiconductor automatically, ensures high tension loop safety.
  2. 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S2, specifically include:
    High/low chip carries out voltage acquisition according to the control instruction received, to default sampled point in high tension loop, wherein, Default sampled point include being arranged on high pressure sampled point UAct1 of the positive pole relay between anode, be arranged on positive pole after High pressure sampled point UAct2 of the electrical equipment between motor, the high pressure sampled point being arranged between negative pole relay and motor The UAct3 and high pressure sampled point UAct4 being arranged between negative pole relay and GND;
    High/low chip diagnoses according to voltage acquisition result to the failure of each relay in high tension loop.
  3. 3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step S2, in discharge loop, high/low chip The process of fault diagnosis is carried out to relay to be included:
    When UAct2 is more than UAct1 in off-line state, judge that battery has overload risk;
    When UAct2 voltage and UAct1 voltage ratio are not inconsistent with pre-set ratio after the power-up, preliminary filling relay/positive pole is judged Relay there are problems that being adhered;
    After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct3 and UAct4 voltage difference not within a preset range, judges that negative pole relay is deposited It is being adhered problem;
    After preliminary filling relay closure, if UAct2 within a specified time not less than the 95% of UAct1, judges preliminary filling process time-out;
    Pre-charge voltage gradient rise fault is judged whether by gradient algorithm;
    After positive pole relay closure, if UAct2 is not up to the 98% of UAct1, judge that positive pole relay has closure failure;
    After lower electricity instruction is received, high/low chip judges that high-tension circuit whether there is power-down state failure;
    After positive pole relay open command is received, exceed setting value in UAct2, judge that positive pole relay is present and be adhered event Barrier;
    In preliminary filling relay closing time, when voltage is increased beyond voltage limits, judge that preliminary filling relay has fault.
  4. 4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that methods described also includes:
    Main control chip collection high tension loop in each relay access times, and by battery management system BMS collection respectively after Current value when electrical equipment disconnects;
    Main control chip calculates the service life of relay according to current value when access times and the disconnection of relay;
    Main control chip judges whether the service life of relay reaches preset alarm value, if it is, by diagnose message with it is outer Hair communication carries out message alarm.
CN201710648789.5A 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 A kind of on-board high-voltage relay safety protecting method Pending CN107482591A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108363003A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-08-03 新乡市荣泰电器有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted relay state monitoring method and system
CN109741992A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-05-10 上海度普新能源科技有限公司 A kind of relay driving control system, method and battery management system
CN110470983A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-19 恒大新能源科技集团有限公司 The fault detection system and its detection method of relay
CN111257742A (en) * 2018-12-03 2020-06-09 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 Fault diagnosis method and device for relay and vehicle
CN112086313A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-15 东软睿驰汽车技术(沈阳)有限公司 Battery pack relay protection circuit and protection method
CN112339567A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-09 睿驰电装(大连)电动系统有限公司 Pre-charging control method and device based on load and electronic equipment
CN116512914A (en) * 2023-07-05 2023-08-01 岚图汽车科技有限公司 Control method and control device for relay for power battery

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CN102332616A (en) * 2011-07-29 2012-01-25 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Diagnosis and control method for power battery management system
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CN105004988A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-28 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Power cell system high-voltage relay fault diagnosis method and relevant system
CN105137336A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-12-09 南通大学 Diagnostic circuit and diagnostic method for detecting electric vehicle high-voltage relay fault
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CN102175971A (en) * 2011-02-18 2011-09-07 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Relay state detection method and device of electric vehicle high-voltage system
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108363003A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-08-03 新乡市荣泰电器有限公司 A kind of vehicle-mounted relay state monitoring method and system
CN111257742A (en) * 2018-12-03 2020-06-09 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 Fault diagnosis method and device for relay and vehicle
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CN110470983A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-19 恒大新能源科技集团有限公司 The fault detection system and its detection method of relay
CN112086313A (en) * 2020-09-14 2020-12-15 东软睿驰汽车技术(沈阳)有限公司 Battery pack relay protection circuit and protection method
CN112339567A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-02-09 睿驰电装(大连)电动系统有限公司 Pre-charging control method and device based on load and electronic equipment
CN112339567B (en) * 2020-10-28 2022-03-25 睿驰电装(大连)电动系统有限公司 Pre-charging control method and device based on load and electronic equipment
CN116512914A (en) * 2023-07-05 2023-08-01 岚图汽车科技有限公司 Control method and control device for relay for power battery

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Application publication date: 20171215

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