CN106771678A - A kind of phase detecting method and device based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system - Google Patents

A kind of phase detecting method and device based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system Download PDF

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CN106771678A
CN106771678A CN201611151308.1A CN201611151308A CN106771678A CN 106771678 A CN106771678 A CN 106771678A CN 201611151308 A CN201611151308 A CN 201611151308A CN 106771678 A CN106771678 A CN 106771678A
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phase
measured
voltage signal
signal
hilbert
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CN106771678B (en
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田涛
陈昊
朱超
朱斌
张兆君
王深哲
濮星海
高丙团
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/18—Indicating phase sequence; Indicating synchronism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of phase detecting method and device based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to voltage signal to be measured, instantaneous amplitude, the phase and frequency of decomposed intrinsic mode function are asked for using Hilbert transform, so that it is determined that the fundamental wave instantaneous phase of voltage signal to be measured；In order to realize automatic phase demodulation, establish expert system and surveyed phase difference is independently analyzed, so that it is determined that the phase-sequence phase relation of multichannel voltage signal to be measured；Nuclear phase precision and nuclear phase efficiency can be significantly improved, the workload of field personnel is reduced, power network intelligent level is improved.

Description

A kind of phase detecting method and device based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase detecting method and device based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, belong to electric Field of engineering technology.
Background technology
New power plant is grid-connected, before new transformer station goes into operation, after project of transmitting and converting electricity enlarging, transformation or main equipment overhaul, is completed and throws Fortune scene will often do nuclear phase experiment, and nuclear phase includes Check Phase Sequence and verification phase.Phase sequence is incorrect will to cause the generator cannot Grid-connected, the major accident such as motor reversion causes huge life and property loss.Phase as periodic signal one of three elements, Its accurate detection works significant for nuclear phase.
At present, conventional method for detecting phases includes cross zero detecting method, waveform converter technique, instantaneous value method etc..Zero passage detection The shortcoming of method is that precision is relatively low when measured signal frequency fluctuation, and error is big, is not suitable for the phase-detection of electric power signal；Waveform becomes The shortcoming for changing method is especially high to hardware requirement, it is necessary to the multiple processes such as filtering transformation, accuracy in detection is relatively low；In instantaneous value method Most commonly discrete Fourier transform method (DFT), it is convenient and without rectifying and wave-filtering link that the algorithm is realized, but DFT has frequency Spectrum leakage problem, is influenceed that error can be caused larger by mains frequency fluctuation and sample frequency are unmatched, and does not possess time domain point Resolution, it is impossible to reflect that signal transient frequency changes with time situation, thus be only applicable to analyze stationary signal.
At this stage, nuclear phase work is mostly using many people's cooperations, repeatedly measurement, the artificial side compared to voltage Formula, workload is big and inefficiency.And when nuclear phase is pinpointed the problems, generally require testing crew and divided according to experience Analysis judges that this not only potentially add the working strength of staff, reduces operating efficiency, to the technical ability water of staff Flat requirement is higher, also more difficult to there is Problem judgment, there is potential risk of error.
Analyzed more than, it can be found that existing nuclear-phase method and device precision are poor, inefficiency, not enough intelligently Change.Based on this, it is necessary to propose a kind of high precision, applied widely, intelligentized phase detecting method.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system Phase detecting method and device.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, comprises the following steps,
Step 1, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
Step 2, Hilbert-Huang transform is carried out to multi-channel sampling signal, obtains the instantaneous width of multichannel voltage signal to be measured Value, phase and frequency；
Step 3, intelligent Matching is carried out according to default expert system, realizes multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured Automatic identification.
The detailed process of step 1 is,
S11, presets nuclear phase parameter；
S12, introduces any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
S13, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains sampled signal.
3rd, a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 2, its feature It is：Nuclear phase parameter includes treating nuclear phase number n, voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd maximum allowable phase error
The detailed process of step 2 is,
S21, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to sampled signal signal and draws a row intrinsic mode function；
S22, Hilbert transform is carried out to intrinsic mode function, obtains instantaneous amplitude, the phase of correspondence voltage signal to be measured Position and frequency.
The detailed process of S21 is,
S211, if voltage signal u (t) to be measured, surveys the sampled signal X of voltage signal u (t)n(t), by sampled signal Xn(t) All local extreme points of voltage signal u (t) to be measured are tried to achieve, voltage signal u to be measured is fitted respectively by cubic spline difference functions T the maximum and minimum of (), form the coenvelope line and lower envelope line of voltage signal u (t) to be measured, obtain upper and lower envelope Average value m (t), the former data sequence and m (t) with voltage signal u (t) to be measured is poor, obtains one-component for h1(t), i.e.,
U (t)-m (t)=h1(t)
S212, judges h1Whether t () meet intrinsic mode function condition, if it is not satisfied, then by h1T () is considered as new to be measured Voltage signal, repeats S211 untill kth time meets intrinsic mode function condition, obtains hkT (), remembers c1=h1T () is intrinsic The one-component of mode function, residual components are r1=u (t)-c1；
S213, by r1As new voltage signal to be measured, the process of S211 and S212 is repeated, obtain intrinsic mode function Second component c2, residual components are r2=r1-c2；
By that analogy, the n residual components r for meeting intrinsic mode function condition is obtained1=u (t)-c1,r2=r1-c2,…, rn=rn-1-cn；
S214, works as rnWhen can not again be extracted intrinsic mode function component, decomposable process terminates, voltage signal u (t) to be measured It is represented by,
Intrinsic mode function meets following condition,
A) extreme point of whole signal data is equal with zero number or difference is 1；
B) on arbitrfary point, the local maximum of signal data sequence is needed with the envelope average that local minimum is formed It is zero, i.e., signal is local symmetrical on transverse axis.
The detailed process of S22 is,
S221, if voltage signal to be measured carries out the intrinsic mode function n components u after empirical mode decomposition1(t), to u1(t) Carry out Hilbert transform；
Wherein, function u1T the Hilbert transform of () can regard function u as1The convolution of (t) and 1/ π t；
S222, seeks u1Analytic signal z (t) of (t)；
Z (t)=u1(t)+jH[u1(t)]=A (t) ejθ(t)
Wherein,It is instantaneous amplitude,It is wink Shi Xiangwei, instantaneous frequency
The detailed process of step 3 is,
S31, according to instantaneous amplitude, phase and frequency, determines multichannel voltage signal fundametal compoment to be measured in synchronization t0 Amplitude A (t0) and phase theta (t0)；
S32, calculates t0Phase difference between moment multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
S33, according to voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd amplitude A (t0), determine that voltage signal magnitude to be measured is It is no in allowed band, if no longer in allowed band, there is failure in outlet line, be otherwise transferred to next step；
S34, according to treating nuclear phase number n and amplitude A (t0), it is determined that and export in voltage signal to be measured whether have the neutral conductor and in Property line numbering；
S35, according to maximum allowable phase errorPhase difference is matched with the expert knowledge library inside expert system, it is defeated The step of same phase numbering of Chu Ge roads voltage signal to be measured and positive and negative order relation.
A kind of phase demodulation apparatus based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, including signal gathering unit, Martin Hilb Special-yellow analytic unit, Intelligent nuclear phase unit and man-machine interaction unit；
Signal gathering unit is used to sample multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains multi-channel sampling signal；
Hilbert-Huang analytic unit is used to carry out Hilbert-Huang transform to multi-channel sampling signal, obtains multichannel to be measured The instantaneous amplitude of voltage signal, phase and frequency；
Intelligent nuclear phase unit is used to run expert system, realizes the automatic mirror of multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured It is fixed；
Man-machine interaction unit is used to set nuclear phase parameter and exports automatic nuclear phase result.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached：The present invention carries out empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to voltage signal to be measured, uses The instantaneous amplitude of decomposed intrinsic mode function, phase and frequency are asked in Hilbert transform (HT), so that it is determined that electricity to be measured Press the fundamental wave instantaneous phase of signal；In order to realize automatic phase demodulation, establish expert system and surveyed phase difference independently analyzed, So that it is determined that the phase-sequence phase relation of the multichannel voltage signal to be measured；Nuclear phase precision and nuclear phase efficiency can be significantly improved, is reduced The workload of field personnel, improves power network intelligent level.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the particular flow sheet of the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the detailed structure view of apparatus of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, including following step Suddenly：
Step 1, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured.
Any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured is generally 6 tunnels (three-phase system) or 8 tunnels (three-phase four-wire system) power circuit Signal, it is necessary to by transformer isolation, be transformed into the less analog voltage signal of amplitude, it is sampled after obtain is digital letter Number.
Detailed process is as follows：
S11, presets nuclear phase parameter.
Nuclear phase parameter includes treating nuclear phase number n, voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd maximum allowable phase is missed DifferenceWherein, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd maximum allowable phase errorCan be according in Operation of Electric Systems code Regulation maximum permissible voltage skew, it is grid-connected when with mutually maximum allowable phase difference determination, it is also possible to by operations staff according to reality Engineering experience voluntarily sets the parameter, to reach more preferable nuclear phase effect
S12, introduces any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured.
S13, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains sampled signal.
Step 2, Hilbert-Huang transform is carried out to multi-channel sampling signal, obtains the instantaneous width of multichannel voltage signal to be measured Value, phase and frequency.
Detailed process is as follows：
S21, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to sampled signal signal and draws a row intrinsic mode function；Process is as follows：
S211, if voltage signal u (t) to be measured, surveys the sampled signal X of voltage signal u (t)n(t), by sampled signal Xn(t) All local extreme points of voltage signal u (t) to be measured are tried to achieve, voltage signal u to be measured is fitted respectively by cubic spline difference functions T the maximum and minimum of (), form the coenvelope line and lower envelope line of voltage signal u (t) to be measured, obtain upper and lower envelope Average value m (t), the former data sequence and m (t) with voltage signal u (t) to be measured is poor, obtains one-component for h1(t), i.e.,
U (t)-m (t)=h1(t)
S212, judges h1Whether t () meet intrinsic mode function condition, if it is not satisfied, then by h1T () is considered as new to be measured Voltage signal, repeats S211 untill kth time meets intrinsic mode function condition, obtains hkT (), remembers c1=h1T () is intrinsic The one-component of mode function, residual components are r1=u (t)-c1；
S213, by r1As new voltage signal to be measured, the process of S211 and S212 is repeated, obtain intrinsic mode function Second component c2, residual components are r2=r1-c2；
By that analogy, the n residual components r for meeting intrinsic mode function condition is obtained1=u (t)-c1,r2=r1-c2,…, rn=rn-1-cn；
S214, works as rnWhen can not again be extracted intrinsic mode function component, decomposable process terminates, voltage signal u (t) to be measured It is represented by,
S22, Hilbert transform is carried out to intrinsic mode function, obtains instantaneous amplitude, the phase of correspondence voltage signal to be measured Position and frequency；Process is as follows：
S221, if voltage signal to be measured carries out the intrinsic mode function n components u after empirical mode decomposition1(t), to u1(t) Carry out Hilbert transform；
Wherein, function u1T the Hilbert transform of () can regard function u as1The convolution of (t) and 1/ π t；
S222, seeks u1Analytic signal z (t) of (t)；
Z (t)=u1(t)+jH[u1(t)]=A (t) ejθ(t)
Wherein,It is instantaneous amplitude,It is wink Shi Xiangwei, instantaneous frequency
It is the process of " screening " that empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is often referenced as, and this screening process basis signal is special Any one sophisticated signal is decomposed into a row intrinsic mode function (IMF) point self-adaptedly, intrinsic mode function meets following Condition：
A) extreme point of whole signal data is equal with zero number or difference is 1；
B) on arbitrfary point, the local maximum of signal data sequence is needed with the envelope average that local minimum is formed It is zero, i.e., signal is local symmetrical on transverse axis.
Step 3, intelligent Matching is carried out according to default expert system, realizes multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured Automatic identification.
Detailed process is as follows：
S31, according to instantaneous amplitude, phase and frequency, determines multichannel voltage signal fundametal compoment to be measured in synchronization t0 Amplitude A (t0) and phase theta (t0)；
S32, calculates t0Phase difference between moment multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
S33, according to voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd amplitude A (t0), determine that voltage signal magnitude to be measured is It is no in allowed band, if no longer in allowed band, there is failure in outlet line, be otherwise transferred to next step；
S34, according to treating nuclear phase number n and amplitude A (t0), it is determined that and export in voltage signal to be measured whether have the neutral conductor and in Property line numbering；
It is output as " without the neutral conductor " or " has the neutral conductor, the numbering of the neutral conductor is i, j (i=1,2,3,4；J=5,6,7, 8)”；
S35, according to maximum allowable phase errorPhase difference is matched with the expert knowledge library inside expert system, it is defeated The step of same phase numbering of Chu Ge roads voltage signal to be measured and positive and negative order relation；
Expert knowledge library is from the summary to the various possible modes of connection in Practical Project, phase difference and expertise The matching in storehouse is output as：" A phases are i, j；B phases are i, j；C phases are i, and j, A-B-C are positive sequence/negative phase-sequence relation ".
It is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 theory diagram and structure chart based on above method phase demodulation apparatus, is mainly adopted including signal Collection unit, Hilbert-Huang analytic unit, Intelligent nuclear phase unit and man-machine interaction unit.
Hilbert-Huang analytic unit is built in device MCU, is used to carry out Hilbert-Huang to multi-channel sampling signal Conversion, obtains instantaneous amplitude, the phase and frequency of multichannel voltage signal to be measured.Intelligent nuclear phase unit is built in device MCU module In, it is used to run expert system, realize the automatic identification of multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured.
Signal gathering unit is used to sample multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains multi-channel sampling signal；Specifically include Transformer, integer module and the A/D modules being sequentially connected, A/D modules are connected with MUC modules；6 tunnels or the input of 8 tunnels may be selected, both Worked suitable for three-phase four-wire system nuclear phase again suitable for three-phase system, input signal typically takes from actual electric network voltage transformer Secondary side, if 8 tunnels are input into, front and rear four groups of transformers are respectively adopted the Y/Y modes of connection.
Man-machine interaction unit is used to set nuclear phase parameter and exports automatic nuclear phase result；The electricity for treating nuclear power net both sides can be shown Pressure phase sequence figure.
Above-mentioned phase demodulation apparatus employ the phase detecting method being combined based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, can be real The autonomous judgement of the accurate measurement and phase-sequence phase relation of existing voltage-phase, applied widely, easy to operate, man-machine interface friend It is good.
The present invention carries out empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to voltage signal to be measured, is asked for using Hilbert transform (HT) The instantaneous amplitude of the intrinsic mode function of decomposition, phase and frequency, so that it is determined that the fundamental wave instantaneous phase of voltage signal to be measured；For The automatic phase demodulation of realization, establishes expert system and surveyed phase difference is independently analyzed, so that it is determined that multichannel electricity to be measured Press the phase-sequence phase relation of signal；Nuclear phase precision and nuclear phase efficiency can be significantly improved, the workload of field personnel is reduced, carried Power network intelligent level high.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, on the premise of the technology of the present invention principle is not departed from, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these improve and deform Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps,
Step 1, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
Step 2, Hilbert-Huang transform is carried out to multi-channel sampling signal, obtains instantaneous amplitude, the phase of multichannel voltage signal to be measured Position and frequency；
Step 3, intelligent Matching is carried out according to default expert system, realizes multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured oneself Dynamic identification.
2. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 1, its feature exists In：The detailed process of step 1 is,
S11, presets nuclear phase parameter；
S12, introduces any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
S13, samples to any given multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains sampled signal.
3. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 2, its feature exists In：Nuclear phase parameter includes treating nuclear phase number n, voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd maximum allowable phase error
4. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 1, its feature exists In：The detailed process of step 2 is,
S21, empirical mode decomposition is carried out to sampled signal signal and draws a row intrinsic mode function；
S22, Hilbert transform is carried out to intrinsic mode function, obtain the instantaneous amplitude of correspondence voltage signal to be measured, phase and Frequency.
5. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 4, its feature exists In：The detailed process of S21 is,
S211, if voltage signal u (t) to be measured, surveys the sampled signal X of voltage signal u (t)n(t), by sampled signal XnT () is tried to achieve All local extreme points of voltage signal u (t) to be measured, voltage signal u (t) to be measured is fitted by cubic spline difference functions respectively Maximum and minimum, form the coenvelope line and lower envelope line of voltage signal u (t) to be measured, obtain the average of upper and lower envelope Value m (t), the former data sequence and m (t) with voltage signal u (t) to be measured is poor, obtains one-component for h1(t), i.e.,
U (t)-m (t)=h1(t)
S212, judges h1Whether t () meet intrinsic mode function condition, if it is not satisfied, then by h1T () is considered as new voltage to be measured Signal, repeats S211 untill kth time meets intrinsic mode function condition, obtains hkT (), remembers c1=h1T () is intrinsic mode The one-component of function, residual components are r1=u (t)-c1；
S213, by r1As new voltage signal to be measured, the process of S211 and S212 is repeated, obtain the second of intrinsic mode function Individual component c2, residual components are r2=r1-c2；
By that analogy, the n residual components r for meeting intrinsic mode function condition is obtained1=u (t)-c1,r2=r1-c2,…,rn= rn-1-cn；
S214, works as rnWhen can not again be extracted intrinsic mode function component, decomposable process terminates, and voltage signal u (t) to be measured can table It is shown as,
6. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 4 or 5, it is special Levy and be：Intrinsic mode function meets following condition,
A) extreme point of whole signal data is equal with zero number or difference is 1；
B) on arbitrfary point, the envelope average that the local maximum of signal data sequence is formed with local minimum need to be Zero, i.e. signal are local symmetrical on transverse axis.
7. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 4, its feature exists In：The detailed process of S22 is,
S221, if voltage signal to be measured carries out the intrinsic mode function n components u after empirical mode decomposition1(t), to u1(t) carry out Hilbert transform；
H [ u 1 ( t ) ] = u 1 ( t ) × 1 π t = 1 π ∫ - ∞ + ∞ u 1 ( τ ) t - τ d τ
Wherein, function u1T the Hilbert transform of () can regard function u as1The convolution of (t) and 1/ π t；
S222, seeks u1Analytic signal z (t) of (t)；
Z (t)=u1(t)+jH[u1(t)]=A (t) ejθ(t)
Wherein,It is instantaneous amplitude,It is instantaneous phase Position, instantaneous frequency
8. a kind of phase detecting method based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system according to claim 3, its feature exists In：The detailed process of step 3 is,
S31, according to instantaneous amplitude, phase and frequency, determines multichannel voltage signal fundametal compoment to be measured in synchronization t0Amplitude A(t0) and phase theta (t0)；
S32, calculates t0Phase difference between moment multichannel voltage signal to be measured；
S33, according to voltage class U, maximum permissible voltage error KUAnd amplitude A (t0), determine whether voltage signal magnitude to be measured is equal In allowed band, if no longer in allowed band, there is failure in outlet line, be otherwise transferred to next step；
S34, according to treating nuclear phase number n and amplitude A (t0), it is determined that and exporting in voltage signal to be measured whether have the neutral conductor and the neutral conductor Numbering；
S35, according to maximum allowable phase errorPhase difference is matched with the expert knowledge library inside expert system, output is each The step of same phase numbering of road voltage signal to be measured and positive and negative order relation.
9. a kind of phase demodulation apparatus based on Hilbert-Huang transform and expert system, it is characterised in that：Including signal acquisition list Unit, Hilbert-Huang analytic unit, Intelligent nuclear phase unit and man-machine interaction unit；
Signal gathering unit is used to sample multichannel voltage signal to be measured, obtains multi-channel sampling signal；
Hilbert-Huang analytic unit is used to carry out Hilbert-Huang transform to multi-channel sampling signal, obtains multichannel voltage to be measured The instantaneous amplitude of signal, phase and frequency；
Intelligent nuclear phase unit is used to run expert system, realizes the automatic identification of multichannel voltage signal phase-sequence phase relation to be measured；
Man-machine interaction unit is used to set nuclear phase parameter and exports automatic nuclear phase result.
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