CN106771647A - A kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method, including the type Capacitive current testers of HC 1 and measurement apparatus, the type Capacitive current testers of HC 1 inject 5Hz constant current square-wave signals to power distribution network zero sequence loop, discharge and recharge is carried out to line mutual-ground capacitor, so as to be measured to power distribution network ground capacity electric current, measurement apparatus are by handing over, DC power system, digital signal microprocessor, signal gathering unit and power electronic circuit.capacitor are constituted, digital signal microprocessor control power electronic circuit.capacitor produces a constant current 5Hz square-wave signals, by system busbar open delta, ground connection becomes the zero sequence loop of neutral point or capacitor bank neutral point injected system, signal acquiring system uses high-performance A/D sampling circuits and Digital Signal Processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power system measuring field, especially a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method.
Background technology
In China, low and medium voltage distribution network line fault is mostly singlephase earth fault.Due to using isolated neutral side
Formula is run, and line voltage vector triangle is constant during singlephase earth fault, and three phase-to-neutral voltages are constant.In electric network capacitance and current
Less, ground arc can under conditions of self-extinguishment, power network can tape jam continue to power 1~2 hour.Therefore, in China's early stage
Use earth-free mode more low-voltage network, improve the reliability and continuity of power supply.With the fast development of urban construction, city
Utility grid is increasingly employed cable run, greatly increases the capacitance current of power network.According to statistics, the short trouble of power distribution network
Much due to circuit single-phase-to-ground current cannot self-extinguish cause, when single-phase-to-ground current is more than code defined
When " 10kV and 35kV system capacitive currents are respectively greater than 30A and 10A ", a kind of unstable intermittent ground arc will be produced,
Cause the arc grounding over-voltage that amplitude is higher.The arc overvoltage duration is long, influence area big, poor to being insulated in power network
Equipment and circuit on insulation weak-point, insulation breakdown may be caused, make failure propagation.Further, since neutral point is unstable,
Power network single-phase earthing easily trigger EMR electromagnetic resonance and cause voltage transformer burn with the accident such as high-voltage wire iron-melting fusing, to power network
Safe and reliable operation brings greatly harm.
Traditional capacitance current measurement method can be divided into direct method and indirect method.
The direct method of measurement such as Single Phase Metal ground connection method, in more early period, measurement capacitance current is typically connect using Single Phase Metal
Ground method, this method is exactly to be operated using a breaker, and distribution line is artificially carried out into single phase grounding test, Ran Houtong
Overcurrent transformer direct measurement enters the capacitance current on ground.The operation and wiring that this method needs are very numerous and diverse, and have can
The insulation that ungrounded phase insulation weakness can be jeopardized causes two differently short-circuit, very dangerous.Whole experiment work is to experiment people
The safety of member and power network constitutes a threat to, and the danger of experiment is very big.
The method that presently, there are various indirect measurement electric network capacitance and currents, according to whether directly contact primary side, can divide
It is two major classes:The additional capacitance method of the first kind such as neutral point, directly must come into contacts with measurement process with primary side;Equations of The Second Kind is as noted
Enter signal injection method, because being to be injected by PT open deltas and measurement feedback signal in real time in measurement process, so need not be with
Primary side directly contact.The indirect measurement that the current adopted additional capacitance method of such as neutral point must directly come into contacts with primary side
Method, although easier than direct method, and capacitance current value can be accurately measured, but still have the disadvantage that:When 1. measuring
Still come into contacts with primary side, personnel cannot ensure with equipment safety.2. it is cumbersome due to primary equipment to be related to, together
When there is also the danger of maloperation.Time-consuming for preparation, measures inefficiency.The usual most of the time is expended and is waiting tune
Drag out a miserable existence and make, open work ticket, grid switching operation, do safety measure.Two to three stations can only be surveyed within one day, operating efficiency is very low.Due to
Above-mentioned two reason, it is desirable to have a kind of equipment can directly in the capacitance current of secondary side measuring system, it is not necessary to is related to danger
Primary side;Cumbersome grid switching operation and wait is not needed, and makes the measurement work of capacitance current easy, efficient, easy.Need not
In the capacitance current measurement method of primary side directly contact, according to the difference that required calculating signal is originated, two classes are broadly divided into:
The essential idea of the first kind be using power network normally run when neutral point displacement voltage, neutral point current and arc suppression coil electricity
The parameters such as inductance value, are calculated the capacitive reactance total over the ground of power network;Zero sequence loop when then by single-phase fault, calculates current operation side
Capacitance current under formula.Equations of The Second Kind is then injecting signal, that is, utilize the feedback signal of the non-power-frequency current from the extraneous injection of system,
By corresponding equivalent circuit, capacitor current for earthing is calculated.
The more commonly used method includes three frequency methods and frequency dividing method in signal moves in method, but three frequency methods may be only available for circuit
The less situation of direct-to-ground capacitance, when electric capacity is larger, measurement demand can not be all met with three frequency methods anyway.Frequency dividing
Method has large increase compared to three frequency method stability, but when smaller capacitive is measured, it is whole when Injection Signal frequency is relatively low
The impedance of individual RLC series loops can be very big, and the excitation impedance with PT is more or less the same, and very big measurement can be caused in this case
Error, so when smaller capacitive is measured, frequency dividing method occurs larger error.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, there is provided a kind of based on the small of square-wave signal injection method
Current earthing electric network capacitance and current measuring method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method, including HC-1 types Capacitive current tester and measurement are filled
Put, HC-1 types Capacitive current tester injects 5Hz constant current square-wave signals to power distribution network zero sequence loop, and line mutual-ground capacitor is carried out
Discharge and recharge, so as to be measured to power distribution network ground capacity electric current, measurement apparatus are micro- by AC and DC power-supply system, data signal
Processor, signal gathering unit and power electronic circuit.capacitor composition, digital signal microprocessor control electronic power inversion electricity
Road produces a constant current 5Hz square-wave signals, and neutral point or capacitor bank neutral point are become by system busbar open delta, ground connection
The zero sequence loop of injected system, signal acquiring system uses high-performance A/D sampling circuits and Digital Signal Processing.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to system under test (SUT) bus PT and opens for bis- times by Special cable wire
Mouth triangle.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then leads to
Cross insulating bar and the supporting PT primary sides of instrument are connected to grounding transformer neutral point.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable,
The supporting PT primary sides of instrument are connected by a compensation capacitor group by insulating bar again.
And, in PT low-pressure sides injection constant current i0, then have electric current i in PT high-pressure sides1, i2, i3, PT exciting currents ia,
ib, icIf PT high-low pressure umber of turns are respectively n1, n2Then there is following relation:
n1(i1-ia)=n2i0
n1(i2-ib)=n2i0
n1(i3-ic)=n2i0。
And, after Injection Signal is for the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, the signal to injecting carries out Fourier transformation and signal
Analysis.For the square-wave signal that injects by the deployable sine wave sum different into angular frequency of fourier series, i.e.,:
Sampling is carried out in voltage transformer secondary open delta and data processing respectively obtains U5, U15, U25And I5, I15, I25
Then have:
Signal to injecting carries out calculating analysis, so as to obtain the size of system capacitive current.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to system under test (SUT) bus PT and opens for bis- times by Special cable wire
In the circuit of mouth triangle, including:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, grounding transformer, arc suppression coil and mother
Line transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side delta connection, arc suppression coil are exited, and HC-1 type Capacitive current testers are to instrument
The supporting special PT low-pressure sides of device inject the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, red clip is connect into a ends black clip and connects x ends special
PT low-pressure sides form loop, and snap into grounding transformer neutral point and circuit pair by the insulating bar with fuse in PT high-pressure sides
Ground electric capacity forms loop, by carrying out Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure sides supporting to instrument electricity to the square-wave signal being input into
Pressure and current measurement, calculate the ground capacitance of circuit, and then obtain capacitance current.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then leads to
Cross insulating bar the supporting PT primary sides of instrument are connected in the circuit of grounding transformer neutral point, including:HC-1 type capacitance currents
Tester, band fuse insulating bar, compensation capacitor group, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side three
Angular connection, arc suppression coil is exited.HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip is connect into a ends black clip and connects x ends special
PT low-pressure sides form loop, and snap into capacitor bank neutral point and line-to-ground by the insulating bar with fuse in PT high-pressure sides
Electric capacity forms loop, and Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument are carried out by the square-wave signal being input into
And current measurement, the ground capacitance of circuit is calculated, compensating electric capacity amount is then subtracted according to reduction formula, obtain real electric capacity
Amount, and then obtain capacitance current.
And, the HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable,
During the supporting PT primary sides of instrument are connected into the circuit of a compensation capacitor group by insulating bar again, including:HC-1 type capacitance currents
Tester, band fuse insulating bar, compensation capacitor group, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side three
Angular connection, secondary resonance elimination device disconnects, high resistant resonance eliminator short circuit.HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip is connect into L ends
Black clip connect N-terminal special PT low-pressure sides formed loop, by be input into square-wave signal carry out Fourier space decompose with
And PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument and current measurement, the ground capacitance of circuit is calculated, and then obtain capacitance current.
Advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
The advantage of the invention is that for the power distribution network of different voltage class, special single-phase potential transformer customized subtracts
Few influence of the exciting current to capacitance current measurement precision;Injection Signal is the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, and the signal to injecting enters
Row Fourier transformation and signal analysis, by the zero sequence loop of the voltage transformer secondary injected system of system, signal acquisition system
System uses high-performance A/D sampling circuits and Digital Signal Processing, and the signal to injecting carries out calculating analysis, so as to obtain system electricity
The size of capacitance current;Square-wave signal injection method is more beneficial for reducing influence of the imbalance of three-phase voltage to certainty of measurement;The method
Multi-signal injection mode, the i.e. injection of grounding transformer neutral point, the injection of compensation capacitor neutral point and bus PT can be used to open
Mouth triangle injection;The method only needs an external voltage transformer and the insulating bar with fuse, it is not necessary to add optional equipment
And instrument, and can power network normally run when measure, and do not change power network wiring, can safely, fast and accurately measure and be
System capacitance current value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic block circuit diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is to measure wiring diagram using bus open delta PT injection methods in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is to measure wiring diagram using grounding transformer neutral point injection method in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is to measure wiring diagram using compensation capacitor group neutral point injection method in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by specific embodiment, and following examples are descriptive
, it is not limited, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this.
A kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method, its test philosophy is shown in Fig. 1, main to include several portions
Point:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, the supporting PT of instrument, band fuse insulating bar, grounding transformer, capacitor bank, bus PT, its
Median generatrix PT open-delta connections, system arc suppression coil is exited, and HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected by Special cable wire
It is connected to bis- open deltas of system under test (SUT) bus PT, or tester private cable is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument, then
The supporting PT primary sides of instrument are connected to by compensation capacitor group (or grounding transformer) neutral point by insulating bar, by above-mentioned
Anticipate a kind of mode, HC-1 types Capacitive current tester injects 5Hz constant current square-wave signals to power distribution network zero sequence loop, to line-to-ground
Electric capacity carries out discharge and recharge, so as to be measured to power distribution network ground capacity electric current.
Using the special PT of capacitance current measurement
In PT low-pressure sides injection constant current i0, then have electric current i in PT high-pressure sides1, i2, i3, PT exciting currents ia, ib, ic,
If PT high-low pressure umber of turns are respectively n1, n2Then there is following relation:
n1(i1-ia)=n2i0
n1(i2-ib)=n2i0
n1(i3-ic)=n2i0
Generally it is believed that due to excitation impedance > > winding resistances R, excitation impedance > > leakage reactances XL, excitation impedance >
> capacitive reactances XC, so ia=ib=ic=0, i.e. i1=i2=i3.But i in a practical situationa≠ib≠icThe exciting current of ≠ 0, PT
Can have a significant impact to the error that we measure, particularly the number of turn of winding can also be impacted to our accuracies of measurement.
In this case, we suitably have adjusted the number of turn and canoe of PT windings, effectively reduce exciting current to electric capacity electricity
The influence of flow measurement precision.
Injection Signal is the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz
Injection Signal is the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, and the signal to injecting carries out Fourier transformation and signal analysis.For
The square-wave signal of injection by the deployable sine wave sum different into angular frequency of fourier series, i.e.,:
Sampling is carried out in voltage transformer secondary open delta and data processing respectively obtains U5, U15, U25And I5, I15, I25
Then have:
Microprocessor can accurately obtain capacitance C by solving equations, so as to calculate capacitance current numerical value.Measurement apparatus
Theory diagram as shown in figure 1, the device it is main by AC and DC power-supply system, digital signal microprocessor, signal gathering unit and
Power electronic circuit.capacitor etc. is constituted.
Digital signal microprocessor control power electronic circuit.capacitor produces a constant current 5Hz square-wave signals, female by system
Line open delta, ground connection become the zero sequence loop of neutral point or capacitor bank neutral point injected system, and signal acquiring system is adopted
With high-performance A/D sampling circuits and Digital Signal Processing, the signal to injecting carries out calculating analysis, so as to obtain system capacitance electricity
The size of stream.
Different injection methods is illustrated by three embodiments separately below.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 2, a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method is surveyed using bus open delta PT injection methods
Amount, including:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, grounding transformer, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, its
Median generatrix step down side delta connection, arc suppression coil is exited, and HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is to supporting special of instrument
The constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz is injected with PT low-pressure sides, red clip is connect into a ends black clip and is connect x ends in special PT low-pressure sides shape
Into loop, and grounding transformer neutral point is snapped into by the insulating bar with fuse in PT high-pressure sides and is formed with line mutual-ground capacitor
Loop, by carrying out Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument and electric current survey to the square-wave signal being input into
Amount, calculates the ground capacitance of circuit, and then obtain capacitance current.
See Fig. 3, a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method is surveyed using grounding transformer neutral point injection method
Amount, in the neutral point injected signal of compensation capacitor group, selection capacitor bank neutral point injection way is measured, and it is mainly wrapped
Include:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, compensation capacitor group, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein female
Line transformer low-pressure side delta connection, arc suppression coil is exited.HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip is connect into a ends black
Clip connects x ends and forms loop in special PT low-pressure sides, and snaps into capacitor bank by the insulating bar with fuse in PT high-pressure sides
Neutral point forms loop with line mutual-ground capacitor, and Fourier space decomposition is carried out and to instrument by the square-wave signal being input into
Supporting PT low-pressure side voltages and current measurement, calculate the ground capacitance of circuit, then subtract compensating electric capacity according to reduction formula
Amount, obtains real capacitance, and then obtain capacitance current.
See Fig. 4, a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method, surveyed using grounding transformer neutral point injection method
Amount wiring, in busbar transformer open delta Injection Signal, including:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, benefit
Capacitor bank, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side delta connection are repaid, secondary resonance elimination device breaks
Open, high resistant resonance eliminator short circuit.HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip is connect into L ends black clip, and to connect N-terminal low in special PT
Pressure side forms loop, and Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument are carried out by the square-wave signal being input into
And current measurement, the ground capacitance of circuit is calculated, and then obtain capacitance current.
Although disclosing embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can manage
Solution:Do not depart from the present invention and spirit and scope of the appended claims in, various replacements, change and modifications all be it is possible,
Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment and accompanying drawing disclosure of that.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method, including HC-1 types Capacitive current tester and measurement apparatus,
It is characterized in that:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester injects 5Hz constant current square-wave signals to power distribution network zero sequence loop, to line-to-ground
Electric capacity carries out discharge and recharge, and so as to be measured to power distribution network ground capacity electric current, measurement apparatus are by AC and DC power-supply system, number
Word signal microprocessor, signal gathering unit and power electronic circuit.capacitor composition, digital signal microprocessor control electric power electricity
Sub- inverter circuit produces a constant current 5Hz square-wave signals, and neutral point or capacitor are become by system busbar open delta, ground connection
The zero sequence loop of group neutral point injected system, signal acquiring system uses high-performance A/D sampling circuits and Digital Signal Processing.
2. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The HC-1 types
Capacitive current tester is connected to bis- open deltas of system under test (SUT) bus PT by Special cable wire.
3. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The HC-1 types
Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then by insulating bar by the supporting PT of instrument once
Side is connected to grounding transformer neutral point.
4. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then by insulating bar that instrument is supporting
PT primary sides connect a compensation capacitor group.
5. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In PT low-pressure sides
Injection constant current i0, then have electric current i in PT high-pressure sides1, i2, i3, PT exciting currents ia, ib, icIf, PT high-low pressure umber of turns
Respectively n1, n2Then there is following relation:
n1(i1-ia)=n2i0
n1(i2-ib)=n2i0
n1(i3-ic)=n2i0,
After Injection Signal is for the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, the signal to injecting carries out Fourier transformation and signal analysis.For
The square-wave signal of injection by the deployable sine wave sum different into angular frequency of fourier series, i.e.,:
Sampling is carried out in voltage transformer secondary open delta and data processing respectively obtains U5, U15, U25And I5, I15, I25Then have:
Signal to injecting carries out calculating analysis, so as to obtain the size of system capacitive current.
6. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The HC-1 types
Capacitive current tester is connected in bis- circuits of open delta of system under test (SUT) bus PT by Special cable wire, including:HC-
1 type Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, grounding transformer, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer
Low-pressure side delta connection, arc suppression coil is exited, and HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is noted to the supporting special PT low-pressure sides of instrument
Enter the constant current square-wave signal of 5Hz, red clip is connect into a ends black clip connects x ends in special PT low-pressure sides formation loop, and in PT
High-pressure side snaps into grounding transformer neutral point and forms loop with line mutual-ground capacitor by the insulating bar with fuse, by defeated
The square-wave signal for entering carries out Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument and current measurement, calculates circuit
Ground capacitance, and then obtain capacitance current.
7. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The HC-1 types
Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then by insulating bar by the supporting PT of instrument once
Side is connected in the circuit of grounding transformer neutral point, including:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, compensation
Capacitor bank, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side delta connection, arc suppression coil are exited.Will
HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip connects a ends black clip and connects x ends and forms loop in special PT low-pressure sides, and high in PT
Pressure side snaps into capacitor bank neutral point and forms loop with line mutual-ground capacitor by the insulating bar with fuse, by input
Square-wave signal carries out Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument and current measurement, calculates circuit over the ground
Capacitance, then subtracts compensating electric capacity amount according to reduction formula, obtains real capacitance, and then obtain capacitance current.
8. low current neutral grounding electric network capacitance current measurement method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:It is described
HC-1 types Capacitive current tester is connected to the secondary side of the supporting PT of instrument by private cable, then by insulating bar that instrument is supporting
PT primary sides are connected in the circuit of a compensation capacitor group, including:HC-1 types Capacitive current tester, band fuse insulating bar, benefit
Capacitor bank, arc suppression coil and busbar transformer, wherein busbar transformer low-pressure side delta connection are repaid, secondary resonance elimination device breaks
Open, high resistant resonance eliminator short circuit.HC-1 types Capacitive current tester red clip is connect into L ends black clip, and to connect N-terminal low in special PT
Pressure side forms loop, and Fourier space decomposition and PT low-pressure side voltages supporting to instrument are carried out by the square-wave signal being input into
And current measurement, the ground capacitance of circuit is calculated, and then obtain capacitance current.
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CN107390032A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-24 | 重庆大学 | Line mutual-ground capacitor parameter measurement system and measuring method |
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CN112269049A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-26 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for measuring capacitance-to-ground current of power distribution network |
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杜艳芬: ""中性点非有效接地系统电容电流测试方法的研究"", 《宁夏电力》 * |
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