CN106769688A - Method for predicting diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sandstone under geological condition - Google Patents

Method for predicting diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sandstone under geological condition Download PDF

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CN106769688A
CN106769688A CN201710004832.4A CN201710004832A CN106769688A CN 106769688 A CN106769688 A CN 106769688A CN 201710004832 A CN201710004832 A CN 201710004832A CN 106769688 A CN106769688 A CN 106769688A
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diffusion coefficient
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temperature
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CN106769688B (en
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赵忠英
卢山
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N2013/003Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for predicting a diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sandstone under geological conditions. The method comprises the following steps: collecting rock samples, screening compact sandstone samples, and saturating formation water with the screened samples; carrying out natural gas diffusion coefficient experimental determination under different temperature and pressure conditions according to the temperature and pressure variation range of the stratum of the research area and the natural gas composition; establishing a kinetic model of natural gas diffusion coefficient and temperature, and determining the ratio of diffusion activation energy to a gas constant; establishing an exponential model of natural gas diffusion coefficient and pressure, and determining a diffusion pressure factor; establishing a linear model of the ratio of the clay mineral content, the diffusion activation energy and the gas constant; establishing a linear model of the reciprocal of the median radius of the pore throat and a diffusion pressure factor; establishing a diffusion coefficient multi-factor model; and predicting the diffusion coefficients of different rocks in the research area under different temperature and pressure conditions by using a diffusion coefficient multi-factor model.

Description

Under the conditions of a kind of prediction geology in tight sand diffusion coefficient of natural gas method
Technical field
It is to be related under the conditions of a kind of prediction geology day in tight sand specifically the present invention relates to petroleum exploration field The method of right gas diffusion coefficient.
Background technology
Compact sandstone gas have turned into the major fields of global Unconventional gas exploration, and there has been more than 70 basin in the current whole world It was found that or speculate development compact sandstone gas, stock number is about 209.6 × 1012m3, it is distributed mainly on North America, Latin America and Asia-Pacific Area.The U.S. is that compact sandstone gas develop earliest area, and compact sandstone gas yield is about 1690 × 10 within 20118m3, account for the U.S. 26% (EIA, 2012) of natural gas total output.China should recently as the progress and scale of massive hydraulic fracturing renovation technique With compact sandstone gas exploration and development makes substantial progress.According to newest estimation, Chinese compact sandstone gas mining resources amount about (9~ 13)×1012m3, compact sandstone gas yield is about 256 × 10 within 20118m3, 25% or so (Zou for accounting for national natural gas total output Could wait, 2013).Because reservoir has the strong feature of low porosity and low permeability, anisotropism, Gas diffusion is formed in compact sandstone gas During played important function, but at present still without diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sand under the conditions of prediction geology Effective ways, so as to Gas diffusion amount has very big difference in causing the tight sand for calculating.
Diffusion coefficient of natural gas represents diffusivity of the natural gas in tight sand in tight sand, refers to concentration gradient Diffusion flux during for a unit, unit is cm2/s.Diffusion coefficient of natural gas can by theoretical calculation and measuring come Obtain, but due to the complexity of subsurface rock porous media, determine diffusion coefficient of the natural gas in rock and be only research ground The fundamental way of lower Gas diffusion effect.Domestic and international some scholars are directed to measuring of the natural gas in diffusion coefficient of rock Method is done a lot of work.The former Russian scholar Antonov diffusion coefficients of the lighter hydrocarbons in sedimentary rock in experimental determination first, Xiao is without the diffusion coefficient for so waiting successfully natural gas in rock under experimental determination normal temperature and pressure conditionses at home.Hao Shisheng etc. Experimental technique is improved, the diffusion coefficient of the methane in saturation water rock under different temperatures and pressure condition is determined. Krooss etc. proposes diffusion coefficient of natural gas and determines new method, tests and satisfy under normal temperature and pressure conditionses natural gas in waterstone Diffusion parameter.Li Zhisheng etc. have developed the apparatus and method that diffusion coefficient of natural gas is determined in rock under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. Liu Guangdi, pair wide and Zhang Yun peak etc. analyze temperature, pressure, porosity pair respectively on the basis of measuring diffusion coefficient The influence of diffusion coefficient.
Diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sand, and root can be realized determining under lab under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions at present According to experimental data, on the premise of assuming that other geologic(al) factors are constant, determine a kind of specific geologic(al) factor to diffusion coefficient Influence, so as to establish the unifactor model of diffusion coefficient and temperature, pressure and porosity, but not yet proposition can be pre- at present The method for surveying the diffusion coefficient various geologic(al) factors change simultaneously in the case that.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of fine and close sand predicted in the case of the change simultaneously of various geologic(al) factors The method of diffusion coefficient of natural gas in rock.At least to solve that in correlation technique the feelings that various geologic(al) factors change cannot be determined simultaneously The technical problem of period of history Gas diffusion amount cannot be computed correctly caused by diffusion coefficient of natural gas under condition.
It is up to above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, expand the invention provides natural gas in tight sand under the conditions of one kind prediction geology The method for dissipating coefficient, wherein, methods described comprises the following steps:
(1) rock sample is gathered, tight sand sample, and the sample saturation stratum water that will be selected is screened;
(2) temperature and pressure excursion according to research area stratum and natural gas composition, carry out different temperatures and pressure Under the conditions of diffusion coefficient of natural gas measuring;
(3) kinetic model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and temperature is set up, the ratio of Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant is determined Value;
(4) exponential model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and pressure is set up, the diffusion pressure factor is determined;
(5) linear model of clay mineral content and Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant ratio is set up;
(6) the pore throat median radius linear model with the diffusion pressure factor reciprocal is set up;
(7) diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model is set up;
(8) diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model, diffusion system of the forecasting research area difference rock under different Temperature-pressure Conditions are utilized Number.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) is collection research area's tectonic setting and depositional environment The widely distributed rock sample of similar and physical properties of rock.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) be according to the porosity of collection sample, permeability, Principle that pore throat median radius and clay mineral content are distributed from low to high gathers rock sample.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) is that screening pore throat median radius and clay mineral contain Amount tight sand sample from high to low;
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) is to filter out pore throat median radius between 0 to 1 μ M, clay mineral content is between 0 to 100%, the sample being distributed from high to low.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) be by porosity, permeability, high-pressure mercury and X diffraction experiments determine to screen pore throat median radius and clay mineral content tight sand sample from high to low.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, the sample size that step (1) is screened must not be less than 4 pieces.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) is by SY/T 5336-2006, GB/T 21650.1-2008 and SY/T 5163-2010 standards carry out porosity, permeability, pore throat median radius and clay mineral content Measure.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (1) is the formation water salinity value according to research area, The sample saturation stratum water that will be filtered out.
Wherein it is understood that the formation water salinity for using will keep one with the size of research area's formation water salinity Cause.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, the day under different temperatures and pressure condition is carried out in step (2) Right gas diffusion coefficient measuring is that the minimum temperature that is experienced from research area's rock and pressure accomplish maximum temperature and pressure, temperature Degree measures at least 4 temperature spots at regular intervals, and 4 pressure spots are at least measured under each temperature spot.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, diffusion coefficient of natural gas is determined and presses SY/T in step (2) 6129-1995 standards are carried out.
Wherein it is understood that the gas component that diffusion coefficient measuring is used will be with research area's gas component It is consistent
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, the kinetic simulation of step (3) diffusion coefficient of natural gas and temperature Type isWherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), Ea- activation energy (cal/mol), R- gas constants (1.987cal mol-1·K-1), T- temperature (K), A-Pre-exponential factor, so that it is determined that the numerical value of Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant ratio Ea/RT.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (3) is to draw the diffusion coefficient under same pressure condition The cross plot of D and temperature T, sets up the kinetic model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and temperature.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, the exponential model of step (4) diffusion coefficient of natural gas and pressure It is D=AeBP, wherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), A- pre-exponential factors (cm2/ s), B- press factors, P- pressure (MPa), so that Determine the numerical value of press factors B.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (4) step (4) are under the conditions of drawing same temperature Diffusion coefficient D and the cross plot of pressure P, set up the exponential model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and pressure.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (5) is to set up clay mineral content and Diffusion Activation Energy It is Ea/R=a with the linear model of gas constant ratio1C+b1, wherein Ea- activation energy (cal/mol), R- gas constants (1.987cal·mol-1·K-1), C- clay mineral contents (%);
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (6) is to set up pore throat median radius inverse to be pressed with diffusion The linear model of the power factor is B=a2/r+b2, wherein B- press factors, r- pore throats median radius (nm);
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, wherein, step (7) is to set up diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model for D= Ae-(a1C+b1)/T-(a2/r+b2)P, wherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), A- pre-exponential factors, C- clay mineral contents (%), T- temperature (DEG C), r- pore throats median radius (nm), P- pressure (MPa).
In sum, the invention provides the side of diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sand under the conditions of a kind of prediction geology Method.The method of the present invention has the following advantages that:
By the method for the present invention, solving in the case of cannot determine in the prior art the change simultaneously of various geologic(al) factors Diffusion coefficient of natural gas caused by cannot correct evaluation history period Gas diffusion amount technical problem, realize one Rock is provided in the diffusion coefficient of natural gas prediction of different periods of history for period of history Gas diffusion amount is calculated from different places Call parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be according to embodiments of the present invention 1 prediction geology under the conditions of in tight sand diffusion coefficient of natural gas work Method flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is the cross plot of the diffusion coefficient with temperature of according to embodiments of the present invention 1 sample 1, determines each sample The ratio Ea/R of average diffusion activation energy and gas constant R;
Fig. 3 is the cross plot of the diffusion coefficient with pressure of according to embodiments of the present invention 1 sample 1, determines each sample Diffusion pressure factor B;
Fig. 4 is according to embodiments of the present invention 1 clay mineral content C and every piece of sample average Ea/R cross plot, determines mould A in type1And b1
Fig. 5 is according to embodiments of the present invention 1 pore throat median radius inverse 1/r and every piece of sample average B cross plot, it is determined that A in model2And b2
Specific embodiment
Implementation process of the invention and the beneficial effect for producing are described in detail below by way of specific embodiment, it is intended to which help is read Reader more fully understands essence of the invention and feature, not as to this case can practical range restriction.
Embodiment 1
In embodiments of the present invention 1, there is provided Gas diffusion system in tight sand under the conditions of one kind prediction geology Several method, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Step S101:Collection research area's tectonic setting rock sample widely distributed with transitivity similar with depositional environment;
Step S102:Porosity, permeability, high-pressure mercury and X diffraction analysis are carried out to sample, pore throat median radius are screened With clay mineral content tight sand sample from high to low;
Step S103:It is determined that the highest, minimum that the formation water salinity in research area, natural gas composition and rock are experienced Historical temperature and pressure;
Step S104:The sample saturation stratum water that to filter out, carry out same temperature, pressure from low to high and same pressure Power, temperature from low to high, the diffusion coefficients under the conditions of the different temperatures and pressure series of fixed intervals;
Step S105:Set up the index mould of the kinetic model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and temperature, diffusion coefficient and pressure Type, it is determined that average Ea/R and average B;
Step S106:Set up the linear model of clay mineral content C and average Ea/R, pore throat median radius inverse 1/r with The linear model of average B, determines a in diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model1、b1, a2、b2
Step S107:According to diffusion coefficient experimental data and known T, P, C, r, a1、b1, a2、b2, determine diffusion coefficient Pre-exponential factor A in Multiple-Factor Model;
Step S108:Set up diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model D=Ae-(a1C+b1)/T-(a2/r+b2)P, carry out under geological conditions Diffusion coefficient is predicted.
By the above method of present embodiment to Gas diffusion system in Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin tight sand Number is predicted.
Specifically, 58 pieces of Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin Sulige area tight sand sample is acquired, by SY/T 5336-2006, GB/T 21650.1-2008 and SY/T 5163-2010 standards have carried out porosity, permeability, high pressure to sample Pressure mercury and X diffraction analysis, screening pore throat median radius and clay mineral content 5 pieces of tight sand sample from high to low.
Table 1:The basic parameter test data of experiment of the 5 pieces of samples for filtering out
According to oil field data, the average salinity of Sulige area Upper Palaeozoic Strata water is determined for 43.12g/L, naturally Gas composition is mainly methane gas, and the temperature that rock is experienced is 30~120 DEG C, and pressure is 8-32MPa.
By 5 blocks of sample saturation stratum water, it is 30 DEG C to enter trip temperature by SY/T 6129-1995 standards, pressure is respectively 8, 16、24、32MPa;Temperature is 60 DEG C, pressure is respectively 8,16,24,32MPa, temperature be 90 DEG C, pressure is respectively 8,16,24, 32MPa, temperature are 120 DEG C, pressure is respectively 8,16,24, the diffusion coefficient of natural gas under the conditions of 32MPa determines.
Table 2:5 pieces of diffusion coefficient experimental datas of sample
According to experimental data, the cross plot of diffusion coefficient D of the every piece of sample under same pressure condition and temperature T is done, seen Shown in Fig. 2, the kinetic model of diffusion coefficient and temperature is set up, determine every piece of average Ea/R of sample.
According to experimental data, the cross plot of diffusion coefficient D of the every piece of sample under the conditions of same temperature and pressure P is done, seen Shown in Fig. 3, the exponential model of diffusion coefficient and pressure is set up, determine every piece of average B of sample.
The cross plot of clay mineral content C and average Ea/R is done, the linear model of Ea/R and C is set up, as shown in Figure 4, really Determine a in Multiple-Factor Model1=2.0903, b1=43.244.
The cross plot of pore throat median radius inverse 1/r and average B is done, the linear model of B and 1/r is set up, as shown in Figure 5, Determine a in Multiple-Factor Model2=0.5029, b2=0.0174.
According to diffusion coefficient experimental data and known T, P, c, r, a1、b1, a2、b2, determine diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model In pre-exponential factor A=4.1619 × 10-5
Finally set up diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model D=4.1619 × 10-5e-(2.0903c+43.244)/T-(0.5029/r+0.0174)P, Wherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), T- temperature (DEG C), P- pressure (MPa), C- clay mineral contents (%), r- pore throats intermediate value half Footpath (nm).
Pore throat median radius, clay mineral content and residing temperature, pressure condition according to research area's tight sand, profit The diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model set up in aforementioned manners, you can in carrying out any temperature, pressure, clay mineral content and pore throat Diffusion coefficient prediction under the conditions of value radius, so as to provide call parameter for the Gas diffusion amount of period of history is calculated.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for predicting diffusion coefficient of natural gas in tight sand under the conditions of geology, wherein, methods described includes as follows Step:
(1) rock sample is gathered, tight sand sample, and the sample saturation stratum water that will be selected is screened;
(2) temperature and pressure excursion according to research area stratum and natural gas composition, carry out different temperatures and pressure condition Under diffusion coefficient of natural gas measuring;
(3) kinetic model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and temperature is set up, the ratio of Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant is determined;
(4) exponential model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and pressure is set up, the diffusion pressure factor is determined;
(5) linear model of clay mineral content and Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant ratio is set up;
(6) the pore throat median radius linear model with the diffusion pressure factor reciprocal is set up;
(7) diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model is set up;
(8) diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model, diffusion coefficient of the forecasting research area difference rock under different Temperature-pressure Conditions are utilized.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (1) is that collection research area's tectonic setting is similar with depositional environment And the widely distributed rock sample of physical properties of rock;Porosity, permeability, pore throat intermediate value half wherein preferably according to collection sample Principle that footpath and clay mineral content are distributed from low to high gathers rock sample.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (1) be screening pore throat median radius and clay mineral content from High to Low tight sand sample;Pore throat median radius preferably wherein are filtered out between 0 to 1 μm, and clay mineral content is between 0 To 100%, the sample being distributed from high to low;It is preferred that sample size must not be less than 4 pieces;It is also preferable that by porosity, permeability, High-pressure mercury and X diffraction experiments determine to screen pore throat median radius and clay mineral content tight sand sample from high to low Product;Further preferably step (1) is carried out by SY/T 5336-2006, GB/T 21650.1-2008 and SY/T 5163-2010 standards The measure of porosity, permeability, pore throat median radius and clay mineral content.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (1) is the formation water salinity value according to research area, will be screened The sample saturation stratum water for going out.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, the natural gas under different temperatures and pressure condition is carried out in step (2) Diffusion coefficient measuring is to accomplish maximum temperature and pressure from the minimum temperature that is experienced of research area's rock and pressure, and temperature is pressed Certain intervals measure at least 4 temperature spots, and 4 pressure spots are at least measured under each temperature spot;Wherein preferred Gas diffusion Coefficient determination is carried out by SY/T 6129-1995 standards.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (3) diffusion coefficient of natural gas is with the kinetic model of temperatureWherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), Ea- activation energy (cal/mol), R- gas constants (1.987calmol-1·K-1), T- temperature (K), A-Pre-exponential factor, so that it is determined that the numerical value of Diffusion Activation Energy and gas constant ratio Ea/RT;It is preferred that Step (3) is to draw the cross plot of the diffusion coefficient D under same pressure condition and temperature T, sets up diffusion coefficient of natural gas with temperature The kinetic model of degree.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (4) diffusion coefficient of natural gas is D=with the exponential model of pressure AeBP, wherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), A- pre-exponential factors (cm2/ s), B- press factors, P- pressure (MPa), so that it is determined that pressure The numerical value of power factor B;Preferred steps (4) are to draw the cross plot of the diffusion coefficient D under the conditions of same temperature and pressure P, are set up The exponential model of diffusion coefficient of natural gas and pressure.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (5) is to set up clay mineral content and Diffusion Activation Energy and gas The linear model of body constant ra-tio is Ea/R=a1C+b1, wherein Ea- activation energy (cal/mol), R- gas constants (1.987cal·mol-1·K-1), C- clay mineral contents (%).
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (6) be set up pore throat median radius it is reciprocal with diffusion pressure because The linear model of son is B=a2/r+b2, wherein B- press factors, r- pore throats median radius (nm).
10. method according to claim 1, wherein, step (7) is to set up diffusion coefficient Multiple-Factor Model:D=Ae-(a1C+b1)/T-(a2/r+b2)P, wherein D- diffusion coefficients (cm2/ s), A- pre-exponential factors, C- clay mineral contents (%), T- temperature (DEG C), r- pore throats median radius (nm), P- pressure (MPa).
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