CN103926631B - A kind of method determining the sedimentary basin Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs lowest limit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method determining the sedimentary basin Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs lowest limit, relates to sedimentary basin Deep Oil And Gas Exploration Cheng Zang field.The technical scheme of described method specifically includes that the data of the irreducible water saturation gathering sedimentary basin porosity and correspondence thereof；Utilize porosity and irreducible water saturation data, set up mathematical model therebetween；According to the mathematical model set up and substantial amounts of porosity data, calculate sedimentary basin irreducible water saturation；Determine that the irreducible water saturation of sedimentary basin, with change in depth trend, and sets up average tied water saturation mathematical model therebetween；The mathematical model set up according to step (4), determines the sedimentary basin Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs lowest limit；Utilize the parameter that the stepwise process analyzing influence reservoir total pore space in spss software and constraint interstitial space develop, and set up quantitatively characterizing total pore space and the mathematical model of constraint interstitial space change；In conjunction with actual measurement total porosity data and total pore space and the mathematical model of constraint interstitial space, set up under different parameters effect, the sedimentary basin Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs lowest limit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sedimentary basin deep layer oil and gas reservoir formation, in particular to a method for respectively establishing a mathematical model by utilizing porosity, irreducible water saturation and corresponding reservoir depth, determining sedimentary basin oil and gas reservoir formation bottom limit and determining oil and gas reservoir formation bottom limit under the action of different parameters.
Background
With the continuous improvement of exploration degree of shallow layer oil and gas resources in sedimentary basins, the potential of deep layer oil and gas resources increasingly draws people's attention. Scholars and petroleum workers at home and abroad prove the existence of deep oil gas from different angles.
Price (1993) experimentally demonstrated that "C15 + heavy hydrocarbons are stable at Ro much greater than 1.35%, and it is possible to detect the presence of liquid hydrocarbons even when Ro reaches 7.0-8.0"; behar et al (1996) demonstrated that detectable cleavage of n-C25 occurred at geothermal conditions above 180 ℃ for at least 1 million years. These experiments confirm that the oil gas exists in a depth exceeding the limit of the traditional petroleum geological theory, and the deep layer breeds huge oil gas exploration potential.
Meanwhile, deep oil and gas exploration examples at home and abroad also prove the existence of oil and gas in oil reservoirs to people. Through exploration and organic geochemical research of Russian Siberian autumn SG-6 ultra-deep well, North American Betty Jess ultra-deep well and Larivoff-1 ultra-deep well, the scholars think that the deep petroleum geological condition meets the accumulation of oil and gas. In China, deep oil and gas resources have great exploration potential. The oil-gas exploration target of the Tarim basin gradually transfers from the middle shallow layer to the deep layer, the well completion depth of the exploration well reaches 7000-8000m, and great industrial oil-gas flow is obtained in the deep layer.
The Jiangfujie (2010) establishes a conceptual model and a theoretical model of the oil and gas filling stopping threshold through fluid analysis of a reservoir. The model is mainly used for establishing a porosity calculation model according to the relation between the porosity and the burial depth, deducing a calculation model of the volume fraction of bound water, and predicting the lower reservoir formation limit of the paleontological compact sandstone gas in the Ortholes basin by calculation.
However, few scholars have proposed sedimentary basin hydrocarbon reservoir limits and lower limits for deep oil and gas exploration, as well as methods of calculating sedimentary basin hydrocarbon reservoir limits, application models, and laws of variation. The research of these problems has very important practical significance for future oil and gas exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
The sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit means that the pore space capable of containing free fluid is gradually reduced along with the increase of the reservoir burial depth, when the reservoir free pore space is reduced to 0, the reservoir loses the capacity of containing the free fluid, and the corresponding depth or porosity at the moment is defined as the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit.
Aiming at the problem of the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation floor limit, the invention utilizes a large amount of test data and a mathematical model to establish a calculation method of the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation floor limit, and the method comprises the following steps:
collecting existing porosity and corresponding irreducible water saturation data of the sedimentary basin;
using existing data and fitting relationships, a mathematical model of porosity and irreducible water saturation is established as:
swi = a.e when 0 ≦ Swi < 100b·φ+c；
Swi =100 when Swi ≧ 100;
where Swi is irreducible water saturation,%,for porosity,%, a, b, c are constants.
Calculating the saturation of the irreducible basin irreducible water according to the established mathematical model and a large amount of porosity data;
counting the change rule of the irreducible water saturation of the sedimentary basin along with the depth, and establishing an optimal mathematical model between the average irreducible water saturation and the depth as follows:
d=a·ln(Swi)+b；
where Swi is the average irreducible water saturation,%, d is the depth, and m, a, b are constants.
And according to the established mathematical model, predicting the corresponding critical burial depth when the irreducible water saturation reaches 100%, namely, obtaining the lower limit of the oil-gas reservoir in the sedimentary basin.
On the basis of the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation base limit analysis method, a research method of oil and gas accumulation base limits under the action of different parameters is further established.
Determining influence factors of evolution of the total pore space and the constrained pore space of the reservoir by using a sps software step-by-step method, and establishing a mathematical model for quantitatively representing the change of the total pore space and the constrained pore space, wherein the total porosity evolution model comprises the following steps:
φ=ax1+bx2+cx3+……+nxn
wherein,is the total pore space, x1，x2，x3，xnIn order to influence the factors of the evolution of the total porosity of a sedimentary basin, a, b, c and n are constants.
The relationship between the constrained pore space and the total pore space is
φSwi=Swi·φ
Wherein,to constrain pore space, Swi is the irreducible water saturation,%, phi is the total pore space.
The evolution model of the bound pore space is:
wherein,in order to confine the pore space, the pores,is the total pore space, x1、x2、x3、xnIn order to influence the factors of the evolution of the total porosity of a sedimentary basin, a, b, c, d, m and n are constants.
And determining the sedimentary basin oil-gas accumulation bottom limit under the action of various factors by combining the mathematical models of the total pore space and the change of the bound pore space.
The method establishes the concept of sedimentary basin hydrocarbon reservoir bottom limit, calculates the saturation of the irreducible water uniformly distributed in the sedimentary basin by using the porosity data of the rock core and the irreducible water saturation data measured by nuclear magnetic resonance logging, establishes a calculation model of the hydrocarbon reservoir bottom limit by using the data and the corresponding depth, and solves the problem of determining the hydrocarbon reservoir bottom limit of the sedimentary basin; and determining the sedimentary basin oil-gas reservoir formation bottom limit under the action of different factors by establishing an evolution model of the total pore space and the constraint pore space. This patent maneuverability, extensive applicability provides the solution for the deposit basin, especially for coincide basin oil and gas formation reservoir limit problem under the complicated structure condition.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a diagram of sandstone reservoir pore space types;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of calculating a sedimentary basin hydrocarbon accumulation floor;
FIG. 3 is a mathematical model of the relationship between saturation and porosity of the depression irreducible water in the Tarim basin library established by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a mathematical model of the relationship between the saturation and the depth of the depression irreducible water in the Tarim basin library established by the invention;
FIG. 5 shows that the Tarim basin reservoir is turned down to the oil and gas reservoir bottom limit under the action of different reservoir sandstone particle sizes;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of determining a sedimentary basin hydrocarbon accumulation floor as practiced by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Principles of the invention referring to fig. 1-2, reservoir fluids may be divided into bound water, free water and hydrocarbon fluids, the latter two collectively referred to as free fluid, according to their composition. The sediment is unconsolidated particles when deposited, and the surfaces of rock particles are coated with a layer of water film which cannot move freely, namely bound water, due to the adsorption effect of the particles. The bound water is typically water that is not freely mobile in the pores of the formation. Along with the increase of the buried depth of the sediment, under the compaction action, the contact between sediment particles becomes compact gradually, the surface area of rock particles in unit volume is increased, and the porosity of the bound water of the reservoir rock is increased slowly until all the pores of the reservoir rock are filled with the bound water. In the change process of the bound water, the free pore space, namely the space of free fluid movement, is gradually reduced, when the reservoir pore space is completely filled with the bound water, the reservoir free pore space disappears, free fluid capable of freely flowing is not in the reservoir pores, and the corresponding depth is the oil and gas accumulation bottom limit under the geological condition. Therefore, when the pore space is completely occupied by the irreducible water by utilizing the change rule of the irreducible water saturation, namely the burial depth corresponding to the irreducible water saturation reaching 100 percent is the reservoir bottom limit of the oil and gas in the sedimentary basin.
Figure 1 is a pore space type diagram for a sandstone reservoir comprising framework particles supporting rock, free water, hydrocarbon fluid, and bound water.
Fig. 2 is a sandstone pore evolution model, the abscissa is porosity, and the ordinate is burial depth. Along with the gradual increase of the reservoir burial depth, the proportion occupied by the free fluid is relatively reduced, the proportion occupied by the bound water is relatively gradually increased, and when the bound water completely occupies the pore space, the oil gas becomes the reservoir bottom limit.
Fig. 3 is an example of the irreducible water saturation calculation model established by using irreducible water saturation data and porosity data of the total irreducible water saturation which is depressed by the Tarim basin library, wherein an abscissa is porosity and an ordinate is irreducible water saturation. The established mathematical model is as follows:
y = 114.86e-0.1072x（1）
where y is the irreducible water saturation and x is the porosity.
Fig. 4 is a mathematical model of irreducible water saturation and burial depth established by using the data and the corresponding burial depth after calculating the down-pressed irreducible water saturation data of the interior wood basin library by using the mathematical model, and the down-pressed oil and gas reservoir bottom limit of the interior wood basin library is calculated by using the model according to the formula (2).
y=1840·Ln(x)-558.16（2）
Where x is the average irreducible water saturation,%, y is the depth, m.
Analyzing influence factors of the total void space of the depressed reservoir and the evolution of the restrained void space of the interior wood basin library vehicle by using a sps software step by step method, wherein the table 1 shows the parameters of the step by step analysis, which influence the total void space evolution of the interior wood basin library vehicle.
TABLE 1
Establishing a total depression porosity mathematical model of the Tarim basin library by using parameters which influence the total pore space evolution and are analyzed by the sps software, wherein the total depression porosity mathematical model comprises the following steps:
φ=114.255-1153x1-0.264x2+6.198x3-4.392x4-0.121x5+6.049x6-0.031x7-0.047x8（3）
R2=0.846
where φ is the porosity (%) of the reservoir; x is the number of1Log reservoir depth (e is base, m); x is the number of2Is the reservoir cement content (%); x is the number of3Is the reservoir pressure coefficient (dimensionless); x is the number of4Is the earth temperature gradient (DEG C/100 m); x is the number of5Is the reservoir shale content (%); x is the number of6Is the mean reservoir particle (mm); x is the number of7Is the reservoir cuttings content (%); x is the number of8Is the reservoir age (Ma).
The combination formula (1) establishes a mathematical model of the depression and restriction pore space of the Tarim basin library.
Fig. 5 is a mathematical model of the total pore space and the bound pore space, and determines that the reservoir of the Tarim basin is depressed into the oil and gas reservoir bottom under the action of different reservoir sandstone particle sizes.
Based on the above principle and steps, the patent proposes a complete method for determining the sedimentary basin hydrocarbon accumulation floor. FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of determining sedimentary basin hydrocarbon accumulation floor and analyzing its influential factors in accordance with the present invention. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) obtaining data of existing porosity and corresponding irreducible water saturation of the sedimentary basin; (2) establishing a mathematical model between the porosity and the irreducible water saturation; (3) calculating reservoir irreducible water saturation according to the established mathematical model and a large amount of porosity data; (4) counting the change rule of the irreducible water saturation along with the depth, and establishing a mathematical model between the average irreducible water saturation and the depth; (5) predicting the oil-gas accumulation bottom limit of the sedimentary basin according to the established mathematical model; (6) analyzing parameters influencing evolution of a total pore space and a constrained pore space of a reservoir by using a sps software step by step method, and establishing a mathematical model for quantitatively representing changes of the total pore space and the constrained pore space; (7) and establishing oil-gas accumulation bottom limits of the sedimentary basin under the action of different parameters.
The problem that the oil gas of the sedimentary basin becomes the reservoir limit is solved from the theoretical research and the technical implementation angle, and the method has important significance for solving the problem that the oil gas of the deep layer of the superposed basin becomes the reservoir limit under the complex construction condition.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a concept of sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit and a method for calculating the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit, and the innovation points of the invention are as follows: 1. the concept of sedimentary basin hydrocarbon reservoir bottom limit is proposed. 2. And establishing a mathematical model by utilizing the saturation and the depth of the irreducible water, and calculating the oil-gas formation bottom limit of the sedimentary basin by utilizing the model. 3. And on the basis of establishing the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit, establishing the sedimentary basin oil and gas accumulation bottom limit under the action of different parameters.
Claims (11)
1. A method for determining a sedimentary basin hydrocarbon accumulation floor, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting sedimentary basin porosity and corresponding irreducible water saturation data;
(2) establishing a mathematical model between the porosity and the irreducible water saturation data;
(3) calculating the saturation of the irreducible basin irreducible water according to the established mathematical model and a large amount of porosity data;
(4) determining the trend of the irreducible water saturation of the sedimentary basin along with the depth change, and establishing a mathematical model between the average irreducible water saturation and the depth;
(5) determining the oil-gas accumulation bottom limit of the sedimentary basin according to the established mathematical model in the step (4);
(6) analyzing parameters influencing evolution of a total pore space and a constrained pore space of a reservoir by using a step-by-step method in the sps software, and establishing a mathematical model for quantitatively representing changes of the total pore space and the constrained pore space;
(7) and establishing a sedimentary basin oil-gas reservoir bottom limit under the action of different parameters by combining the mathematical models of the total pore space and the bound pore space.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the porosity, irreducible water saturation, and depth are uniformly distributed in the sedimentary basin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the porosity data is obtained using a core analysis experimental measurement and the irreducible water saturation data is collected from a nuclear magnetic resonance log.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mathematical models of porosity and irreducible water saturation established in step (2) are:
when Swi is more than or equal to 0<Swi is a.e at 100b·φ+c；
When Swi is more than or equal to 100, Swi is 100;
where Swi is irreducible water saturation,%, φ is porosity,%, a, b, c are constants.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step (4) creates a mathematical model of irreducible water saturation versus depth as:
d＝a·ln(Swi)+b
where Swi is the average irreducible water saturation,%, d is the depth, and m, a, b are constants.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the depth to which the irreducible water saturation of step (5) corresponds is a hydrocarbon bottom-forming limit of the basin.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (6) of affecting parameters of total void space and bound pore space evolution comprises: reservoir sandstone sorting coefficient, particle size, pore throat radius, reservoir age, reservoir burial depth, geothermal field, under-compaction, reservoir shale content, reservoir debris content, reservoir cement content, reservoir quartz content and feldspar content.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein step (6) utilizes a regression analysis model to analyze the parameters affecting total pore space and bound pore space in a step-by-step manner, and the mathematical model for total pore space is established as
φ＝ax1+bx2+cx3+......+nxn
Where φ is the total pore space, x1，x2，x3，xnIn order to influence the parameters of the evolution of the total porosity of a sedimentary basin, a, b, c and n are constants.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the relationship of bound pore space to total pore space in step (6) is
φSwi＝Swi·φ
Wherein phi isSwiTo constrain pore space, dimensionless, Swi is the irreducible water saturation,%, and phi is the total pore space, dimensionless.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the mathematical model of bound pore space in step (6) is:
wherein phi isSwiTo constrain the pore space, dimensionless, x1，x2，x3，xnIn order to influence the parameters of the evolution of the total porosity of a sedimentary basin, a, b, c, d, m and n are constants.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein step (7) analyzes sedimentary basin hydrocarbon formation floor limits under different parameters in conjunction with a mathematical model of total pore space, bound pore space.
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| CN105607144A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-05-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Complex carbonate oil and gas reservoir formation mode evaluation method |
| CN113847013B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-05-26 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for calculating formation underpressure overpressure evolution |
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| US7623968B2 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2009-11-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Determination of porosity and fluid saturation of underground formations |
| CN102434152A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-05-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for calculating oil saturation of reservoir |
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| US7623968B2 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2009-11-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Determination of porosity and fluid saturation of underground formations |
| CN102434152A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-05-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for calculating oil saturation of reservoir |
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