CN106769517A - The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure - Google Patents
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769517A CN106769517A CN201710095814.1A CN201710095814A CN106769517A CN 106769517 A CN106769517 A CN 106769517A CN 201710095814 A CN201710095814 A CN 201710095814A CN 106769517 A CN106769517 A CN 106769517A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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Abstract
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure, it is characterised in that：1) rock material is processed into the test specimen of preliminary dimension, prefabricated crack is processed to test specimen；2) test specimen is sealed between pore pressure end socket, then test specimen is placed in clamping fixture, then clamping fixture is fixed in confined pressure chamber；3) rise dolly to confined pressure cylinder pressure head to be adjacent to rigid frame pressure head, to hydraulic oil is filled in confined pressure chamber, apply confined pressure, pore pressure successively to test specimen, the liquid in confined pressure chamber is heated to predetermined temperature, loading speed according to setting is loaded to test specimen, and record experimental data is until test specimen is destroyed；4) axle pressure, pore pressure, confined pressure are removed successively to test specimen, when the liquid cooling in confined pressure chamber to room temperature, test specimen is taken out.The experimental technique that the present invention is provided, can be used in the influences of the factor to rock material fracture toughness such as research pore pressure, confined pressure, temperature, and resulting result of study can provide accurate parameter support for hydraulic fracturing model is calculated.
Description
Technical field
Rock is tested the invention belongs to petroleum works rock mechanics field, under the conditions of more particularly to a kind of pore pressure to break
Split the experimental technique of toughness.
Background technology
China's low permeability oil and gas field resource is enriched very much, in the petroleum-in-place that China was verified in recent years, hyposmosis storage
The ratio of amount accounts for 60%~70%, it is seen that low permeability oil field or spy (super) low permeability oil field will be in a suitable period from now on
The Main Resources basis produced in increasing the storage.The low hole of low permeability reservoir, hypotonic, heterogeneous strong, reserves abundance are low, and predispose to damage, absolutely
Most of Oil/gas Wells can be shown in production capacity after must implementing Hydro Fracturing Stimulation Treatment.Hydraulic fracturing technology has become hyposmosis, special low
The important measures of infiltration oil field transformation, economic development of its technology level on oil gas has directly influence.
The fracture toughness of rock is to judge whether crack enters an index of instability status, is hydraulic fracturing design sum
An important parameter in value simulation.Most formation rocks all contain hole, and the fluid in blowhole has certain
Pore pressure, and influence of the pressure in blowhole to its fracture toughness is significant.The fracture of rock material at this stage
Tough Journal of Sex Research and test do not account for the influence of pore pressure, and the fracture toughness test result of rock material can not reflect stratum
Truth.Additionally, not considering the effect of rock interior pore pressure, resulting fracture toughness test result is used for model
Calculating can not also obtain accurate result.It is therefore desirable to carry out fracture toughness of the rock material under pressure condition containing hole
Experimental study.
A kind of experimental technique the present invention relates to test Fracture Toughness of Rocks under the conditions of pore pressure, can be used in research hole
Influence of the factors such as gap pressure, confined pressure, temperature to rock material fracture toughness, resulting achievement in research can be hydraulic fracturing
Model is calculated and provides accurate parameter support.
The content of the invention
The first aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of experimental technique of test Fracture Toughness of Rocks under the conditions of pore pressure, can
For studying influence of the factors such as pore pressure, confined pressure, temperature to rock material fracture toughness.
The technical scheme of first aspect present invention is as described below：
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure,
1. rock material is processed into the test specimen of preliminary dimension, prefabricated crack is processed to test specimen；2. test specimen is sealed
Between pore pressure end socket, then test specimen is placed in clamping fixture, then clamping fixture is fixed in confined pressure chamber；3. rise small
Car is adjacent to rigid frame pressure head to confined pressure cylinder and produces the pretightning force of 0.1N-0.2N, to filling hydraulic oil in confined pressure tin, to test specimen according to
Secondary applying confined pressure, pore pressure, predetermined temperature is heated to by the liquid in confined pressure chamber, and test specimen is added according to the loading speed of setting
Carry, record experimental data is until test specimen is destroyed；4. pair test specimen removes axle pressure, pore pressure, confined pressure successively, treats the liquid in confined pressure chamber
When body is cooled to room temperature, test specimen is taken out.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 1
In, the test specimen is cuboid test specimen, and piece lengths cannot be less than 76mm, and height of specimen is the half of length, and specimen thickness is
30mm。
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 1
In, the thickness of the precrack of the test specimen cannot be greater than 1.5mm, and the length of precrack is the 0.4~0.6 of height of specimen
Times.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 1
In, the precrack of the test specimen is processed using wire cutting saw.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 2
In, the test specimen is fixed between two pore pressure end sockets using thermoplastic tube heating, and the seal groove of pore pressure end socket is contained within seal,
Seal is killed with thermoplastic tube using compressing member, so as to realize sealing test specimen.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 2
In, the test specimen lower end is placed in two support rollers of clamping fixture, and the support roller on fixture pressure head withstands test specimen upper end.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 2
In, the clamping fixture is bolted on confined pressure cylinder base, is carried out by bolt between confined pressure cylinder and confined pressure cylinder base
It is fixed.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 3
In, liquid injection port and liquid outlet are provided with the pore pressure end socket, test specimen is sealed between two pore pressure end sockets, is noted by liquid injection port
Liquid applies pore pressure to test specimen.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 3
In, the pore pressure of the applying should be less than the confined pressure for applying.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 3
In, heating rod is installed on the confined pressure cylinder base, for being heated to the liquid in confined pressure chamber.
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as described above, wherein, in step 3
In, it is described that test specimen is loaded using displacement-control mode.
Second aspect present invention is related to a kind of experimental provision of test Fracture Toughness of Rocks under the conditions of pore pressure, and it includes
Testing machine, confined pressure chamber and clamping fixture：
The testing machine includes rigid frame, and the confined pressure chamber is installed in the rigid frame, the confined pressure chamber built with the clamping fixture,
Rigid frame pressure head is installed in the testing machine rigid frame upper end, for compressing the confined pressure chamber, on the testing machine rigid frame below the confined pressure chamber
Also include dolly, dolly lower section is equipped with slide rail, and the quantity of the slide rail is at least two, firm on the inside of at least two slide rails
Hydraulic cylinder is set on frame, there are hydraulic axis in the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic axis are used to that the dolly to be risen or be reduced, when
When hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic axis are in compressive state, dolly can be slided along slide rail, hydraulic cylinder connection oil pressure pump；
The confined pressure chamber includes confined pressure cylinder, and on confined pressure cylinder base, the confined pressure cylinder includes steam vent to the confined pressure wound packages, should
Steam vent connecting valve I, the confined pressure cylinder base includes liquid injection hole, liquid injection hole connecting valve II, the confined pressure cylinder and confined pressure
Sealed by sealing ring between cylinder base, when to liquid is injected in confined pressure chamber, steam vent is used to discharge the gas in confined pressure chamber；
When needing to discharge the liquid in confined pressure chamber, steam vent is used to pump into gases at high pressure；
The clamping fixture includes Holding seat, and column is housed on the Holding seat, and upper cover plate passes through four columns
It is fixed on the Holding seat, the Holding seat includes chute, at least one supporting plate is set on the chute, in the supporting plate
Test specimen to be tested is installed by side, and lower plate is secured by bolts on the Holding seat, and fixture pressure head is set on the upper cover plate,
Then the fixture pressure head contacts through the through hole at upper cover plate center with test specimen to be tested, and upper circle is consolidated by four bolts
Due at least one probe aperture is provided with the excircle of fixture pressure head, the lower plate, sensor is laid in the probe aperture, it is described
Upper circle installs probe, and the bottom of the probe is inserted in the probe aperture of the lower plate, the sensor by measure probe decline away from
From determining the deflection of test specimen.
Preferably, LVDT sensors are laid in the probe aperture, the upper circle installs probe, and the bottom of the probe is inserted
Enter in the probe aperture of the lower plate, LVDT sensors determine the deflection of test specimen by measuring probe dropping distance, LVDT is passed
Sensor (English full name LinearVariable Differential Transformer) is linear variable difference transformer contracting
Write, belong to linear displacement transducer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the supporting plate upper surface includes being set in semi-circular recesses, the groove
Support roller, support roller can be rolled in the semi-circular recesses of supporting plate.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the supporting plate is bolted on the chute of Holding seat.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the confined pressure cylinder base includes locating rod, the feather edge of the confined pressure cylinder
Including location hole, when confined pressure cylinder is assembled together with confined pressure cylinder base, locating rod is used to aliging and confined pressure cylinder and encloses
Bolt hole on pressure cylinder base.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is divided into upper and lower two pressure chambers by hydraulic axis, when to
During the fluid injection of low pressure chamber, upper pressure chamber goes out liquid, and hydraulic axis rise；When to top pressure chamber fluid injection, low pressure chamber goes out
Liquid, hydraulic axis decline.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the dolly is risen by hydraulic axis control, declined, when dolly drops to cunning
During rail, dolly can be slided along slide rail.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the confined pressure cylinder includes confined pressure cylinder pressure head, the confined pressure cylinder and confined pressure cylinder
Sealed by sealing ring between pressure head.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, it is bolted between the confined pressure cylinder and confined pressure cylinder base.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, heating rod is installed on the confined pressure cylinder base, in confined pressure chamber
Liquid heated.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Holding seat is bolted on confined pressure cylinder base.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, controlled by adjusting position of the supporting plate on chute test specimen across
Degree, so as to adjust the length of test specimen.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the fixture pressure head bottom is provided with groove, the groove built with support roller,
The support roller is contacted with test specimen to be tested, it is further preferred that support roller is fixed by welding on fixture pressure head.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, test specimen is laid between pore pressure end socket, the modeling pipe sleeve that will be heated is mounted in hole
Press seal head and test specimen outside, so as to test specimen be sealed with pore pressure end socket, pore pressure end socket end is provided with groove, for laying
Seal, compressing member is installed additional by seal with to mould the seal of tube dead by modeling pipe is outer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, liquid injection port and liquid outlet, the liquid injection port are provided with the pore pressure end socket
Be not less than 8mm with the spacing between the groove, test specimen is sealed between two pore pressure end sockets, by spout reservoir to examination
Part applies pore pressure, and the end of the modeling pipe is located at position between the liquid injection port and the groove so as to sealed test piece,
And do not influence fluid injection.
The user of the experimental provision of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure described in second aspect present invention
Method is：Test specimen is laid between pore pressure end socket, the modeling pipe sleeve that will be heated is mounted in pore pressure end socket and test specimen outside, pore pressure seal head end
Seal is laid in groove, by the modeling pipe outer compressing member that installs additional that seal is dead with the modeling seal of tube, the modeling pipe can not cover note
Liquid mouthful, the test specimen after sealing is arranged in the supporting plate of clamping fixture, clamping fixture is placed in confined pressure cylinder base, by confined pressure
Cylinder is connected and seals with confined pressure cylinder base, and the liquid injection port of the pore pressure end socket is connected into hole compression pump, and confined pressure pump is connected to
The liquid injection hole of confined pressure cylinder base, by liquid injection hole fluid injection from confined pressure pump to confined pressure cylinder base, so as to oiling in confined pressure chamber,
Unnecessary gas is discharged by the steam vent on confined pressure cylinder in confined pressure chamber；
After oil is filled in confined pressure chamber, stop oiling, then by confined pressure cylinder base 5 liquid injection port at valve I and confined pressure
Valve I at 4 steam vents of cylinder shuts, and subsequent start-up confined pressure pump pressurizes in confined pressure chamber, when setting confined pressure is reached, maintains setting
Confined pressure；Restart pore pressure pump, to injecting liquid in two liquid injection ports of pore pressure end socket 15；
The hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is finally heated to design temperature using heating rod；
Subsequent start-up control record system record, loads according to the loading speed of setting to test specimen, record experiment number
According to until test specimen 17 reaches destruction.
The experimental technique that Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure described in first aspect present invention is preferably used
The experimental provision of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure described in second aspect present invention.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are, when fracture toughness test is carried out to rock sample, energy
It is enough that confined pressure, pore pressure are applied to test specimen, while being heated by the liquid in confined pressure chamber, test specimen is in hot environment
In, abundant simulated formation rock high temperature, high pressure, the environmental quality containing pore pressure make the fracture of the rock material for testing out tough
Property is more accurate.The present invention provide method and step be simple and convenient to operate, it is practical, can be to rock material and artificial material
Material is carried out containing the fracture toughness test under confined pressure, high temperature, pressure condition containing hole, and resulting result is more accurate, can be oil
The hydraulic fracturing model of field and research institution is calculated and provides accurate Fracture Toughness Parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
The following drawings is only intended to be the present invention schematical description and interpretation, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein,
Fig. 1 is the experimental provision that Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure according to second aspect present invention
A preferred embodiment overall structure diagram, the device also can be first aspect present invention described in a kind of pore pressure bar
The experimental provision that a preferred embodiment of the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is preferentially used is tested under part；
Fig. 2 is the testing machine overall structure diagram of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation in the confined pressure chamber of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the overall structure diagram of the clamping fixture of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the clamping fixture of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and the assembling structure schematic diagram in confined pressure chamber；
Fig. 6 is the test specimen sealing schematic diagram of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 5；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of fixture pressure head 19 in Fig. 4 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 5.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
1st, rigid frame；2nd, rigid frame pressure head；3rd, confined pressure cylinder pressure head；4th, confined pressure cylinder；5th, confined pressure cylinder base；6th, locating rod；7th, dolly；
8th, slide rail；9th, hydraulic axis；10th, hydraulic cylinder；11st, Holding seat；12nd, column；13rd, supporting plate；14th, support roller；15th, pore pressure envelope
Head；16th, compressing member；17th, test specimen；18th, upper cover plate；19th, fixture pressure head；20th, upper circle；21st, fixing bolt；22nd, probe；23rd, under
Plate；111st, chute；151st, liquid outlet；152nd, liquid injection port.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to technical characteristic of the invention, purpose and effect, now control illustrates this hair
The specific embodiment of bright first aspect.
Embodiment 1
The experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure, is comprised the following steps：
1st, test specimen is prepared
Rock material is cut into the cuboid test specimen 17 that length is 76mm, 30mm, 38mm using rock slicer, with
Afterwards with wire cutting saw the middle part of test specimen 17 cut a thickness be 1mm, the prefabricated crack that length is 15mm.
2nd, the sealing and fixation of test specimen
First, the test specimen 17 that will be processed is entangled with two pore pressure end sockets 15 with thermoplastic tube, and thermoplastic tube will lid via press seal
Seal on first 15, but can not cover liquid injection port II, then blows soft with blowing hot wind by thermoplastic tube, and thermoplastic tube is by test specimen 17 and hole
Press seal first 15 is sealed up.After after thermoplastic tube cooling, the seal on pore pressure end socket 15, thermoplastic tube are killed with compressing member 16, from
And reach and test specimen 17 is sealed.
Then test specimen 17 is placed in two support rollers 14 of clamping fixture, then fixture pressure head 19 is placed on upper cover plate
In 18, the support roller 14 of the lower section of fixture pressure head 19 is set to withstand test specimen 17.The upper circle 20 containing probe 22 is consolidated with fixing bolt 21 again
It is scheduled on fixture pressure head 19, in the LVDT gauge holes of probe base insertion lower plate 23.
Clamping fixture is placed on confined pressure cylinder base 5, Holding seat 11 and confined pressure cylinder base 5 are fixed on one with bolt
Rise, fluid injection pipeline is connected in the liquid injection port 152 of pore pressure end socket 15.Confined pressure cylinder 4 is lifted to confined pressure with crane gear then
On cylinder base 5, locating rod 6 makes the bolt hole on the bolt hole alignment confined pressure cylinder base 5 on confined pressure cylinder 4, then with bolt by confined pressure
Cylinder 4 is fixed together with confined pressure cylinder base 5.Dolly 7 is finally pushed into testing machine rigid frame 1 along slide rail 8, makes the recessed of the bottom of dolly 7
Hole is directed at hydraulic axis 9.
3rd, fracture toughness test
Before test, base pressure chamber oiling of the source of stable pressure multichannel to hydraulic cylinder 10, the top of hydraulic cylinder 10 are started first
Pressure chamber in hydraulic oil flow back in source of stable pressure, hydraulic axis 9 promote dolly 7 to move upwards, when confined pressure cylinder pressure head 3 and rigid frame pressure head
2 when contacting and producing the pretightning force of 0.1KN, stops rising dolly 7.
Then, source of stable pressure multichannel is restarted to oiling in confined pressure chamber, unnecessary gas is by confined pressure cylinder 4 in confined pressure chamber
Steam vent discharge.After oil is filled in confined pressure chamber, stop oiling, by valve at the confined pressure cylinder pouring orifice of base 5 and confined pressure 4 rows of cylinder
Valve at stomata shuts.Start confined pressure pump to be pressurizeed in confined pressure chamber, when setting confined pressure is reached, maintain the confined pressure in confined pressure chamber
It is constant.Start hole compression pump, to fluid injection in the liquid injection port II of pore pressure end socket 15, when the abundant saturation of test specimen 17 and reach setting
During pore pressure, maintain pore pressure invariable.Start heating rod, the liquid in confined pressure chamber is heated, make confined pressure chamber
Interior liquid reaches and maintains the temperature of setting.
During test, start control record system, test specimen 17 is loaded from displacement load mode, according to 0.01mm/
The loading velocity of min is loaded to test specimen 17, and records the data such as axial displacement, axle pressure, when test specimen 17 reaches destruction, is stopped
Loading and record data.
4th, test specimen is dismantled
After test specimen 17 is destroyed, stop heating, after the liquid cooling in confined pressure chamber reaches room temperature, fall before dolly 7, make to apply
The axle pressure being added on test specimen 17 reaches 0.1KN.Start hole compression pump, remove the pore pressure being applied on test specimen 17, then open
Dynamic confined pressure pump, removes confined pressure.The valve at 4 steam vents of valve and confined pressure tin at the confined pressure cylinder liquid injection port of base 5 is opened, will be connected to
Blast pipe on confined pressure 4 steam vents of cylinder is connected on steady compressor station, and source of stable pressure is drained into by the hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is counter using air pressure
It is interior.
After the hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is drained, decline on dolly 7 to slide rail 8, by the push out test machine rigid frame 1 of dolly 7.With
Dismounting confined pressure cylinder 4, dolly 7 is hung with crane gear by confined pressure cylinder 4 afterwards, and finally test specimen 17 is disassembled from clamping fixture,
So as to complete whole experiment flow.
Embodiment 2
Test rock breaks under the conditions of Fig. 1-Fig. 6 show a kind of pore pressure that the experimental technique described in embodiment 1 is used
A preferred embodiment of the experimental provision of toughness is split, it includes testing machine, confined pressure chamber and clamping fixture.Testing machine includes testing machine
Rigid frame 1, rigid frame pressure head 2, dolly 7, slide rail 8, hydraulic axis 9, hydraulic cylinder 10, the upper end of testing machine rigid frame 1 are installed by rigid frame pressure head 2, examination
Testing the lower end of machine rigid frame 1 and installing has hydraulic axis 9 in hydraulic cylinder 10, hydraulic cylinder 10, dolly 7 is located on the platform of testing machine rigid frame 1, small
On hydraulic cylinder 10, when hydraulic cylinder 10 drops to lowest order, dolly 7 can be slided car 7 along slide rail 8；Confined pressure chamber includes confined pressure
Cylinder pressure head 3, confined pressure cylinder 4, confined pressure cylinder base 5, locating rod 6；Clamping fixture includes Holding seat 11, column 12, supporting plate 13, branch
Support roller 14, pore pressure end socket 15, compressing member 16, upper cover plate 18, fixture pressure head 19, upper circle 20, fixing bolt 21, probe 22, lower plate
23, upper cover plate 18 is fixed on Holding seat 11 by four root posts 12, and two supporting plates 13 are bolted on clamping bottom
On the slide rail of seat 11, support roller 14 is placed in the semi-circular recesses of supporting plate 13, and pore pressure end socket 15 is fixed on the two of test specimen 17
End, lower plate 23 is secured by bolts on Holding seat 11, and upper circle 20 is fixed on fixture pressure head 19 by four fixing bolts 21
On, probe 22 is located between upper circle 20 and lower plate 23.
Further, the structure of testing machine is as shown in Fig. 2 when loaded, by the base pressure chamber pump to hydraulic cylinder 10
Enter liquid, promote hydraulic axis 9 to move up, so as to promote dolly 7 to move upwards；When unloaded, by the upper of hydraulic cylinder 10
Portion's pressure chamber pumping liquid, promotes hydraulic axis 9 to move down, so that drive dolly 7 to move downward, when in the full contact of dolly 7
During slide rail 8, can be by dolly 7 along the push out test machine rigid frame 1 of slide rail 8.
Further, the structure in confined pressure chamber between confined pressure cylinder 4 and confined pressure cylinder pressure head 3, confined pressure cylinder base 5 as shown in figure 3, lead to
Sealing ring sealing is crossed, the top of confined pressure cylinder 4 is provided with steam vent, and locating rod 6 is located on confined pressure cylinder base 5, and locating rod 6 is enclosed for alignment
Pressure cylinder 4 and confined pressure cylinder base 5, are bolted between confined pressure cylinder 4 and confined pressure cylinder base 5.
Further, the structure of clamping fixture is as shown in figure 4, as shown in figure 5, when testing, spiral shell is passed through by Holding seat 11
Bolt is fixed on confined pressure cylinder base 5, and chute 111 is provided with Holding seat 11, and supporting plate 13 can be fixed on 11 points of cunnings of Holding seat
Optional position on groove 111；The upper end of supporting plate 13 is provided with semi-circular recesses, and support roller 14 can be in the semi-circular recesses of supporting plate 13
Middle rolling；Pore pressure end socket 15 contains liquid outlet 151 and liquid injection port 152, and the end of pore pressure end socket 15 is provided with groove, and the groove is embedded
Dress seal；As shown in fig. 7, the bottom of fixture pressure head 19 is provided with groove, support roller 14 is fixed by welding in fixture pressure head 19
In the groove of bottom, the support roller 14 in the groove is used to compress test specimen 17；Two probe apertures are provided with lower plate 23, in probe aperture
LVDT sensors are laid, LVDT sensors determine the deflection of test specimen 17 by measuring the dropping distance of probe 22.
Additionally, the groove on pore pressure end socket 15 is used to lay seal, when being sealed to test specimen 17, first test specimen 17 is used
The modeling seal of tube of heating will then be killed, so as to realize to test specimen with compressing member 16 between holes press seal first 15 at seal
Sealing between 17 and pore pressure end socket 15, moulds the position that tube end is located between compressing member 16 and liquid injection port 152 after sealing.Experiment
When, the liquid injection port 152 of pore pressure end socket 15 connects external fluid injection pipeline, and by external fluid injection pipeline connecting hole gap compression pump, applies
Plus before pore pressure, confined pressure is applied to test specimen 17 first, height is then injected to test specimen 17 by the liquid injection port 152 of pore pressure end socket 15
Press liquid, so as to realize applying pore pressure to test specimen 17.
Operation principle of the invention is as follows：
The test specimen 17 that will be processed is lived with two pore pressure end sockets 15 with the modeling pipe sleeve of heating, blows soft by pipe is moulded with blowing hot wind,
Test specimen 17 is sealed up with pore pressure end socket 15, seal is laid in the seal groove of pore pressure end socket 15, with compressing member 16 by pore pressure
Seal on end socket 15 is dead with the thermoplastic seal of tube.The test specimen 17 of good seal is then placed in two support rollers of clamping fixture
On 14, then fixture pressure head 19 is placed in upper cover plate 18, the support roller 14 on fixture pressure head 19 withstands test specimen 17, will then contain
The upper circle 20 of probe 22 is fixed on fixture pressure head 19 with fixing bolt 21, and the LVDT sensors of lower plate 23 are inserted in the bottom of probe 22
Kong Zhong.Clamping fixture is placed on confined pressure cylinder base 5 again, clamping fixture is fixed on confined pressure cylinder base 5 with bolt, then
With crane gear by confined pressure cylinder 4 lifting to confined pressure cylinder base 5 on, and make confined pressure cylinder 4 be sleeved on confined pressure cylinder base 5 on holing clip
Tool is outer, then confined pressure cylinder 4 is fixed together with confined pressure cylinder base 5 with bolt, as shown in figure 1, dolly 7 is pushed into testing machine rigid frame
On, the shrinkage pool alignment hydraulic axis 9 of the bottom of dolly 7, now, confined pressure cylinder base 5 and confined pressure cylinder 4 and dolly 7 and hydraulic pressure on dolly 7
The center overlapping of axles of axle 9 and rigid frame pressure head 2.
During experiment, pressure chamber oiling of the oil pressure pump to the bottom of hydraulic cylinder 10, the hydraulic oil at the top of hydraulic cylinder 10 are started first
Flow back in source of stable pressure, such hydraulic axis 9 promote dolly 7 to move upwards, when confined pressure cylinder pressure head 3 touches rigid frame pressure head 2 and produces
During the pretightning force of 0.1KN, stop rising dolly 7.Then, confined pressure pump is restarted, it is unnecessary in confined pressure chamber to oiling in confined pressure chamber
Gas is discharged by the steam vent on confined pressure cylinder 4；After oil is filled in confined pressure chamber, stop oiling, then by confined pressure cylinder base 5 note
The valve at valve and confined pressure 4 steam vents of cylinder at liquid mouthful shuts.Subsequent start-up confined pressure pump pressurizes in confined pressure chamber, when reaching
After the confined pressure of setting, the confined pressure of the setting is maintained；Restart pore pressure pump, in two liquid injection ports of pore pressure end socket 15 152
Fluid injection, when the abundant saturation of test specimen 17 and when reaching the pore pressure of setting, maintains the pore pressure of setting；Finally utilize heating rod
Hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is heated to design temperature.Subsequent start-up controls record system, according to the loading speed of setting to examination
Part is loaded, and experimental data is recorded, until test specimen 17 reaches destruction.
After test specimen 17 is destroyed, stop heating, after the liquid cooling in confined pressure chamber reaches room temperature, fall before dolly 7, make to apply
The axle pressure being added on test specimen 17 reaches 0.1KN.Start hole compression pump, remove the pore pressure being applied on test specimen 17, then open
Dynamic confined pressure pump, removes confined pressure.The valve at 4 steam vents of valve and confined pressure tin at the confined pressure cylinder liquid injection port of base 5 is opened, will be connected to
Blast pipe on confined pressure 4 steam vents of cylinder is connected on steady compressor station, and source of stable pressure is drained into by the hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is counter using air pressure
It is interior.After the hydraulic oil in confined pressure chamber is drained, decline on dolly 7 to slide rail 8, by the push out test machine rigid frame 1 of dolly 7.Then tear open
Confined pressure cylinder 4 is unloaded, confined pressure cylinder 4 is hung into dolly 7 with crane gear, finally test specimen 17 is disassembled from clamping fixture, so that
Complete whole experiment flow.
Schematical specific embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, the scope of the present invention is not limited to.It is any
Those skilled in the art, done equivalent variations and modification on the premise of design of the invention and principle is not departed from,
The scope of protection of the invention should be belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure, it is characterised in that：1. rock material is added
Work is processed prefabricated crack to test specimen into the test specimen of preliminary dimension；2. test specimen is sealed between pore pressure end socket, then will examination
Part is placed in clamping fixture, then clamping fixture is fixed in confined pressure chamber；3. dolly to confined pressure cylinder and rigid frame pressure head patch is risen
Pretightning force that is tight and producing 0.1N-0.2N, to hydraulic oil is filled in confined pressure cylinder, confined pressure, pore pressure is applied to test specimen successively, will
Liquid in confined pressure chamber is heated to predetermined temperature, and test specimen is loaded according to the loading speed of setting, and record experimental data is until examination
Part is destroyed；4. pair test specimen removes axle pressure, pore pressure, confined pressure successively, when the liquid cooling in confined pressure chamber to room temperature, takes out examination
Part.
2. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as claimed in claim 1, and its feature exists
In：The test specimen is cuboid test specimen, and piece lengths cannot be less than 76mm, and height of specimen is the half of length, and specimen thickness is
30mm。
3. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as claimed in claim 1, and its feature exists
In：The thickness of the precrack of the test specimen cannot be greater than 1.5mm, and the length of precrack is the 0.4~0.6 of height of specimen
Times.
4. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as claimed in claim 1, and its feature exists
In：The test specimen is fixed between two pore pressure end sockets using thermoplastic tube heating, and the seal groove of pore pressure end socket is contained within seal,
Seal is killed with thermoplastic tube using compressing member, so as to realize sealing test specimen.
5. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as claimed in claim 1, and its feature exists
In：The pore pressure of the applying should be less than the confined pressure for applying.
6. the experiment side of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure as any one of claim 1-5
Method, it is characterised in that：Using under the conditions of pore pressure test Fracture Toughness of Rocks experimental provision, the device include testing machine,
Confined pressure chamber and clamping fixture：
The testing machine includes installing the confined pressure chamber in rigid frame (1), the rigid frame (1), and the confined pressure chamber is built with the holing clip
Tool, rigid frame (1) upper end of testing machine is installed by rigid frame pressure head (2), for compressing the confined pressure chamber, the rigid frame below the confined pressure chamber
(1) dolly (7) is also included on, the dolly (7) lower section is equipped with slide rail (8), and the quantity of the slide rail (8) is at least two, at least two
Being set in hydraulic cylinder (10), the hydraulic cylinder (10) on rigid frame (1) on the inside of bar slide rail (8) has hydraulic axis (9), the hydraulic cylinder (10)
And hydraulic axis (9) are for rising or reducing dolly (7), when hydraulic cylinder (10) and hydraulic axis (9) are in compressive state, dolly
(7) can be slided along slide rail (8), hydraulic cylinder (10) connection oil pressure pump；
The confined pressure chamber includes confined pressure cylinder (4), and in confined pressure cylinder base (5), confined pressure cylinder (4) includes confined pressure cylinder (4)
Steam vent, steam vent connecting valve I, confined pressure cylinder base (5) including liquid injection hole, liquid injection hole connecting valve II, confined pressure cylinder (4)
Sealed by sealing ring between confined pressure cylinder base (5), when to liquid is injected in confined pressure chamber, steam vent is used to discharge confined pressure chamber
Interior gas；When needing to discharge the liquid in confined pressure chamber, steam vent is used to pump into gases at high pressure；
The clamping fixture includes Holding seat (11), and column (12) is housed on the Holding seat (11), and upper cover plate (18) passes through
Four root posts (12) are fixed on the Holding seat (11), and the Holding seat (11) includes chute (111), the chute (111)
Test specimen (17) to be tested is installed at least one supporting plate of upper setting (13), the supporting plate (13) top, and lower plate (23) is by spiral shell
Bolt is fixed on Holding seat (11), and fixture pressure head (19) is set on upper cover plate (18), and the fixture pressure head (19) is through upper cover plate
(18) through hole at center, then contacts with test specimen (17) to be tested, it is characterised in that：Upper circle (20) is by four bolts
The excircle of fixture pressure head (19) is fixed on, lower plate is provided with least one probe aperture, sensing is laid in the probe aperture on (23)
Device, upper circle (20) installs probe (22), and in the probe aperture of bottom insertion lower plate (23) of the probe (22), sensor is by measurement
Probe (22) dropping distance determines the deflection of test specimen (17).
7. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Branch
Fagging (13) upper surface includes setting support roller (14) in semi-circular recesses, the groove, and support roller (14) can be in supporting plate (13)
Semi-circular recesses in roll.
8. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Branch
Fagging (13) is bolted on the chute of Holding seat (11) (111).
9. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Enclose
Pressure cylinder base (5) includes locating rod (6), and the feather edge of confined pressure cylinder (4) includes location hole, when confined pressure cylinder (4) and confined pressure cylinder base
(5) when being assembled together, locating rod (6) is for the bolt hole that aligns in confined pressure cylinder (4) and confined pressure tin base (5).
10. the experimental technique of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of pore pressure as claimed in claims 6 or 7, and its feature exists
In：Liquid injection port (152) and liquid outlet (151), the spacing between the liquid injection port and the groove are provided with pore pressure end socket (15)
Not less than 8mm, test specimen is sealed between two pore pressure end sockets (15), and pore pressure is applied to test specimen by spout reservoir,
The end of the modeling pipe is located at position between the liquid injection port and the groove so as to sealed test piece (17), and does not influence note
Liquid.
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| CN201710095814.1A CN106769517B (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | The experimental method of Fracture Toughness of Rocks is tested under the conditions of a kind of pore pressure |
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| CN109870349B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-10-27 | 中国矿业大学 | High-temperature high-pressure hydraulic fracturing clamp holder and test method thereof |
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