CN106769137B - Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property prediction technique - Google Patents
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property prediction technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus and hot property prediction technique, its measuring instrument subsystem is mounted on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem connects the top of heat exchanger (9) in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, and cooling cycle subsystem connects the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger (9) in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem.Heat-transfer fluid out temperature of the hot property dynamic prediction method of the present invention based on continuous measurement heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de and decline process, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, ambient air temperature, and ambient air velocity, pass through paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, wherein seven undetermined parameters are recognized using the multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method, predict the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector in any specific time, place, solar irradiation, hot property under the operating conditions such as ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device and hot property prediction sides
Method.
Background technique
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector is mainly used in solar energy thermal-power-generating station, it utilizes paraboloid flute profile condenser
The one-dimensional rotary motion tracking sun is done around the absorbing pipe being located at flute profile focal line, is inhaled so that the beam radia assembled heats
Heat pipe, then the heat-transfer fluid by flowing through absorbing pipe take heat out of, and realization converts solar energy into thermal energy.Paraboloid trough type is too
The mostly important evaluation of positive energy heat collector application technology and acceptance index are the hot propertys of heat collector.Application at present is surveyed based on practical
The method that amount and mathematics physical prediction model combine is considered as most come the heat collector hot property predicted under any working condition
For reliable and accurate method.As 2016 first solar energy thermal-power-generating demonstrative project of Nian9Yue China national Bureau of Energy (include
7 slot type projects, 46.4 ten thousand kilowatts of total installation of generating capacity) announcement, the market of slot type photo-thermal power generation will expand rapidly, to hot
Foreseeable demand is stronger.
European standard EN12975-2 " solar thermal system and component-solar thermal collector " provides a solar energy collection
The Quasi dynamic prediction technique and measuring device of hot device hot property, Quasi dynamic prediction model are based on solar thermal collector output work
What the minimal error analysis of rate was established.But the specific function representation form of incidence angle modifying factor provided by this standard
It is suitable only for flat-plate solar heat collector, rather than is directed to paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector.Moreover, the standard is only examined
The measurement of heat collector temperature ramp de is considered, and heat collector heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature in measurement process is required to stablize ± 1
℃.The considerations of standard scatters irradiation item to the sun instead brings the hot property prediction of the groove type heat collector with high concentration ratio
It is uncertain.In addition, the measuring device that the standard is illustrated is to be directed to using water at low temperature as the heat collector of heat transfer medium, and end provides
For the measuring device of the paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector of high temperature and pressure.Therefore, for more elevated operating temperature and more
For paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector for complicated optical effect, a kind of heat that can be applicable in change condition on site is needed
Performance dynamic measurement device and prediction technique.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is make up existing heat performance measuring apparatus and prediction technique technology just for low power/non-concentrating low
The deficiency of temperature solar heat collector proposes a kind of suitable for the paraboloid trough type solar thermal-arrest with high temperature high power concentrator characteristic
The hot property dynamic measurement device and prediction technique of device.The present invention is applied to the paraboloid trough type of the non-phase-change heat transfer fluid of use too
The dynamic prediction of positive energy heat collector hot property.
In actual moving process, heat-transfer fluid is liquid, can be conduction oil, fuse salt or water etc., is sent out without phase transformation
It is raw.Apparatus of the present invention are suitable for outdoor field work condition, backwards using groove type heat collector tracing collection and heat collector aperture
Two kinds of operating conditions of the sun, the continuous basic concept measured in heat collector operating parameter change procedure: heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature passes
Hot fluid outlet temperature, the volume flow of heat-transfer fluid, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) and ambient air temperature and
Ambient air velocity etc..
Paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device of the present invention, using closed circulation system, by with
Lower four subsystems composition: measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem are advocated peace cooling cycle
Subsystem.The measuring device of measuring instrument subsystem is mounted on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem
The top of heat exchanger, cooling cycle subsystem connect in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem in system connection heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem
The inlet and outlet of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger.
Heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger, filter, circulating pump, flow control valve and groove type heat collector.It changes
The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of hot device is connected by the side of pipeline and filter, and the other side of filter passes through pipeline and circulating pump
Import connection, the outlet of circulating pump connected by the side of pipeline and flow control valve, and the other side of flow control valve passes through
The import of pipeline and groove type heat collector connects, and the outlet of groove type heat collector is connected by the heat-transfer fluid side-entrance of pipeline and heat exchanger
It connects.
Measuring instrument subsystem includes portable mirror Albedometer, heat collector inlet temperature sensor, heat collector
Outlet temperature sensor, flowmeter, pyrheliometer and sun tracker, air temperature sensor and anemobiagraph.It is portable
Formula specular reflectivity analyzer is placed on the reflecting mirror of groove type heat collector when measuring, and heat collector inlet temperature sensor, which is mounted on, to be connect
On pipeline in nearly groove type heat collector import 1m, heat collector outlet temperature sensor is mounted on close in groove type heat collector outlet 1m
Pipeline on, flowmeter is mounted on the pipeline between groove type heat collector import and flow control valve, pyrheliometer and the sun
Tracker, air temperature sensor and anemobiagraph are installed near groove type heat collector.
Nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum, nitrogen breather valve and nitrogen cylinder.The bottom of expansion drum passes through pipeline and changes
The top of hot device connects, and the top of expansion drum is connect by pipeline with the side of nitrogen breather valve, the other side of nitrogen breather valve
It is connect by pipeline with nitrogen cylinder.
Cooling cycle subsystem can be according to the actual needs of the site using the cooling device of water cooling or air-cooled form, import
It is connected by the cooling medium side outlet of pipeline and heat exchanger, outlet is connected by the cooling medium side-entrance of pipeline and heat exchanger
It connects.
Hot property dynamic prediction method of the invention is based on the measuring device and continuously measures in heat transfer fluid exit temperature
The process of liter and heat-transfer fluid out temperature, volume flow, the sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, surrounding air temperature for declining process
Degree, ambient air velocity etc., by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on minimum two
The multiple linear regression mathematical method for multiplying class method recognizes wherein seven undetermined parameters.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned
Return, using the dynamic prediction model can predict the groove type heat collector in other working conditions, i.e., any specific time,
Hot property under the operating conditions such as place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
Steps are as follows for the method for the present invention:
Before measurement, the flute profile reflector surface of cleaning groove type heat collector and the glass transmission vestlet table of vacuum tube type absorbing pipe
Face confirms that the operating temperature range of measuring device can satisfy the operating temperature range of heat-transfer fluid, and completes to debug standby.
Step 1, first using the reflection of the flute profile reflector of portable mirror Albedometer measurement groove type heat collector
Rate.
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid is flowed out from heat exchanger, is entered circulating pump by filter, circulating pump is opened, so that heat transfer stream
Body flows through groove type heat collector, and flow back into the heat exchanger.According to heat-transfer fluid flow value needed for measurement, flow is set
Adjusting control valve, and flow correction flow regulating and controlling valve is measured until meeting needs according to flow measurement.Cooling is opened to follow
Loop subsystems allow cooling medium to enter heat exchanger and take away heat, so that heat-transfer fluid is close to environment temperature or the specific temperature of needs
Degree.Groove type heat collector is set to be in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de starts.Due to heat-transfer fluid
It is expanded because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum, is heat-transfer fluid in the lower part of the expansion drum, top is
The size of high pressure nitrogen, nitrogen pressure breathes valve regulation by nitrogen, and the nitrogen cylinder by connecting provides source nitrogen, to guarantee to pass
Hot fluid is not undergone phase transition.Cooling cycle subsystem is set according to the requirement of heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem amount of cooling water, to guarantee
During groove type heat collector heating measurement, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature climbing speed should be not more than 2.5 DEG C/min.
Step 3, the following physical quantity in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process: heat collector import is continuously measured and recorded
Temperature sensor measurement heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, the heat transfer fluid exit temperature of heat collector outlet temperature sensor measurement, stream
The sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level of the volume flow of the heat-transfer fluid of flowmeter measurement, pyrheliometer and sun tracker measurement,
The ambient air temperature of air temperature sensor measurement, the ambient air velocity of anemobiagraph measurement.Work as heat transfer fluid exit
When temperature reaches the upper limit of groove type heat collector operating temperature range, stop groove type heat collector tracking, completes primary heating measurement.
Step 4, the aperture of groove type heat collector is adjusted backwards to the sun, and at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature decline process is opened
Begin, continuation continuously measures and records the identical physical quantity with step 3, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature starts close to heating measurement
Temperature when, complete a temperature measurement.During dynamic measures, the measuring condition for needing to meet requires to be shown in Table 1.All continuous surveys
The time interval for measuring data should be not more than 5s, should be not less than 4h the total time effectively measured, heating measurement and temperature measurement are completed
Number should all be not less than 3 times.In heat collector heating measurement, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature rises in heat collector operating temperature range
100 DEG C should be not less than.Heat up the initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of measurement and the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature of temperature measurement
Difference should be not more than 10 DEG C；The initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of end the heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement of heating measurement
The difference of degree should be not more than 10 DEG C.
Measuring condition requirement during table 1 dynamically measures
Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property, prediction meter are predicted according to the data obtained
Calculating analysis method is pith of the invention, and mathematics physics model is as follows:
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model are as follows:
In formula:
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit: DEG C；tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit: DEG C；
GeniConsider cosine losses, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid through solar irradiance variation influences when heat collector one
The direct sunlight irradiation level being effectively homogenized, function representation relationship are shown in formula (2), unit: W/m2, θ incidence angle, i.e. the direct projection sun
The angle formed between light and heat collector daylighting plane normal, unit: °, taAmbient air temperature, unit: DEG C, it is the τ time, single
Position: s；e0、e1、e2, a, b, c, d be seven parameters to be identified.
In formula: τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature measurement record time, unit: s, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to out
The flowing time of mouth, unit: s, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNThe sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, it is single
Position: W/m2；τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit: the paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit: m, L slot type collection
The length of hot device, unit: the p isometric regions that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, etc.
In τp/τs。
Based on the physical quantity measured during the heating measurement and temperature measurement, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat
Performance dynamic prediction model using based on least square class method multiple linear regression mathematical method identification wherein seven it is undetermined
Parameter, it is desirable that the coefficient of determination of recurrence should be not less than 0.85.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned, moved using described
State prediction model can predict the groove type heat collector in other working conditions, i.e., any specific time, place, solar irradiation,
Hot property under environment temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.In results expression, the body of heat-transfer fluid in measurement process is provided
Product flow and ambient air velocity, are the numbers by measuring under a certain actual conditions to the parameter in clear dynamic prediction model
It is obtained according to recurrence.
The explicit physical meaning of each parameter in prediction model of the invention, measuring device can be own in groove type heat collector for a long time
Physical quantity needed for prediction model is continuously measured under mode of operation, it is simple and easy, it is suitble to field condition operating condition, it is right
The former control operating system of groove type heat collector is completely compatible, at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic measurement device of the present invention, using closed cycle
System is made of following four subsystem: measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem master
With cooling cycle subsystem.The measuring device of measuring instrument subsystem is mounted on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen
Hermetic seal subsystem connects the top of heat exchanger 9 in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, and cooling cycle subsystem connects heat-transfer fluid
The inlet and outlet of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger 9 in cycle subsystem.
Heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger 9, filter 11, circulating pump 12, flow control valve 13 and slot type collection
Hot device 1.The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of heat exchanger 9 is connect by pipeline with the side of filter 11, and the other side of filter 11 is logical
It crosses pipeline to connect with the import of circulating pump 12, the outlet of circulating pump 12 is connect by pipeline with the side of flow control valve 13, is flowed
The other side of control valve 13 connect by pipeline with the import of groove type heat collector 1, the outlet of groove type heat collector 1 pass through pipeline and
The heat-transfer fluid side-entrance of heat exchanger 9 connects.
Measuring instrument subsystem includes portable mirror Albedometer 8, heat collector inlet temperature sensor 2, thermal-arrest
Device outlet temperature sensor 3, flowmeter 4, pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5, air temperature sensor 6 and anemobiagraph
7.Portable mirror Albedometer 8 is placed on the reflecting mirror of groove type heat collector 1 when measuring, heat collector inlet temperature sensor
2 are mounted on close on the pipeline in 1 import 1m of groove type heat collector, and heat collector outlet temperature sensor 3 is mounted on close to slot type collection
Hot device 1 exports on the pipeline in 1m, and flowmeter 4 is mounted on the pipeline between 1 import of groove type heat collector and flow control valve 13,
Pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5, air temperature sensor 6 and anemobiagraph 7 are installed near groove type heat collector 1.
Nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum 10, nitrogen breather valve 14 and nitrogen cylinder 15.The bottom of expansion drum 10 passes through
Pipeline is connect with the top of heat exchanger 9, and the top of expansion drum 10 is connect by pipeline with the side of nitrogen breather valve 14, and nitrogen is exhaled
The other side for inhaling valve 14 is connect by pipeline with nitrogen cylinder 15.
Cooling cycle subsystem 16 can use the cooling device of water cooling or air-cooled form according to the actual needs of the site, into
Mouthful connect with the cooling medium side outlet of heat exchanger 9 by pipeline, outlet pass through the cooling medium side of pipeline and heat exchanger 9 into
Mouth connection.
Hot property dynamic prediction method of the invention is based on the measuring device, continuous to measure in heat transfer fluid exit temperature
The process of liter and heat-transfer fluid out temperature, volume flow, the sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, surrounding air temperature for declining process
Degree, ambient air velocity etc., by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on minimum two
The multiple linear regression mathematical method for multiplying class method recognizes wherein seven undetermined parameters.Once this seven undetermined parameters are effectively returned
Return, using the dynamic prediction model can predict the groove type heat collector in other working conditions, i.e., any specific time,
Hot property under the operating conditions such as place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature.
Specific step is as follows:
The hot dynamic measurement process of the present invention includes heating measurement and temperature measurement.It is poly- that heating is measured as heat collector tracking
The continuous measurement of heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de under light operating condition；Temperature measurement is adjustment heat collector aperture backwards to too
The continuous measurement of heat transfer fluid exit temperature decline process under positive operating condition.
Before measurement, the flute profile reflector surface of cleaning groove type heat collector 1 and the glass transmission vestlet of vacuum tube type absorbing pipe
Surface confirms that the operating temperature range of measuring device can satisfy the operating temperature range of heat-transfer fluid, and complete debugging to
Machine.
Step 1, first using the anti-of the flute profile reflector of the measurement groove type heat collector 1 of portable mirror Albedometer 8
Rate is penetrated, along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, the groove type heat collector of every 10m length at least arranges an albedo measurement point, reflection
Rate ρrFor the average value of the reflectivity of these measurement points.
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid is flowed out from heat exchanger 9, is entered circulating pump 12 by filter 11, is opened circulating pump 12, with
So that heat-transfer fluid is flowed through groove type heat collector 1, and flow back into the heat exchanger 9.According to heat-transfer fluid flow needed for measurement
Value setting flow regulating and controlling valve 13, and flow correction flow regulating and controlling valve 13 is obtained until meeting according to the measurement of flowmeter 4
It needs.Cooling cycle subsystem 16 is opened, allows cooling medium to enter heat exchanger 9 and takes away heat, so that heat-transfer fluid is close to environment
The specific temperature of temperature or needs.Groove type heat collector 1 is set to be in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature rose
Journey starts.Since heat-transfer fluid is expanded because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum 10, in the expansion drum 10
Lower part be heat-transfer fluid, top is high pressure nitrogen, and the size of nitrogen pressure is by the adjusting of nitrogen breather valve 14, and by connecting
Nitrogen cylinder 15 provides source nitrogen, to guarantee that heat-transfer fluid is not undergone phase transition.According to wanting for heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem amount of cooling water
Ask setting cooling cycle subsystem 16, with guarantee groove type heat collector heating measurement during, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature climbing speed
2.5 DEG C/min should be not more than.
Step 3, the following physical quantity in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process: heat collector import is continuously measured and recorded
Temperature sensor 2 measures heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature ti, the heat transfer fluid exit temperature of the measurement of heat collector outlet temperature sensor 3
te, the volume flow V for the heat-transfer fluid that flowmeter 4 measures, the sun normal direction direct projection that pyrheliometer and sun tracker 5 measure
Irradiation level GDN, the ambient air temperature t of the measurement of air temperature sensor 6a, the ambient air velocity of the measurement of anemobiagraph 7.When
When heat transfer fluid exit temperature reaches the upper limit of groove type heat collector operating temperature range, stops groove type heat collector tracking, complete one
Secondary heating measurement.
Step 4, the aperture of groove type heat collector 1 is adjusted backwards to the sun, and at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature decline process is opened
Begin, continuation continuously measures and records the identical physical quantity with step 3, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature starts close to heating measurement
Temperature when, complete a temperature measurement.
During dynamic measures, the measuring condition for needing to meet requires to be shown in Table 1.The time interval of all continuous measurement data is answered
No more than 5s, the total time effectively measured should be not less than 4h, and the number of heating measurement and temperature measurement should all be not less than 3 times.Collection
In hot device heating measurement, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, which rises, in heat collector operating temperature range should be not less than 100 DEG C.Heating is surveyed
The initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature of amount and the end heat transfer fluid exit temperature difference of temperature measurement should be not more than 10 DEG C；Heating
The difference of the initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature for terminating heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement of measurement should be not more than 10 DEG C.
Measuring condition requirement during table 1 dynamically measures
Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property is predicted according to the data obtained, was calculated
Journey is as follows:
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model are as follows:
In formula:
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit DEG C, tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit: DEG C,
GeniConsider cosine losses, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid through solar irradiance variation influences when heat collector one
The direct sunlight irradiation level being effectively homogenized, function representation relationship are shown in formula (2), unit: W/m2, θ incidence angle, i.e. the direct projection sun
The angle formed between light and heat collector daylighting plane normal, unit: °, taAmbient air temperature, unit: DEG C, it is the τ time, single
Position: s, e0、e1、e2, a, b, c, d be seven parameters to be identified.
In formula: τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature measurement record time, unit: s, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to out
The flowing time of mouth, unit: s, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNThe sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, it is single
Position: W/m2, τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit: the paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit: m, L slot type collection
The length of hot device, unit: the p isometric regions that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, etc.
In τp/τs。
It will heat up heat transfer fluid exit temperature, the heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, ring obtained during measurement and temperature measurement
It is pre- that the physical quantitys such as border air themperature and sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level substitute into the hot dynamic of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector
It surveys in model, wherein seven undetermined parameters is recognized using the multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method, are returned
The coefficient of determination returned should be not less than 0.85.Dynamic prediction model after completing parameter identification can predict the groove type heat collector at it
His working condition, i.e., under any specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature
Hot property.In addition, the volume flow and ambient air velocity of heat-transfer fluid in measurement process are provided in results expression, to
Specifying the parameter in dynamic prediction model is obtained by the data regression measured under a certain actual conditions.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: the measuring device is by following
Four subsystem compositions: measuring instrument subsystem, heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, nitrogen-sealed subsystem and cooling cycle subsystem
System；The measuring device of measuring instrument subsystem is mounted on or near heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem, and nitrogen-sealed subsystem connects
The top of heat exchanger (9) in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem is connect, cooling cycle subsystem connects in heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem
The inlet and outlet of the cooling medium side of heat exchanger (9)；
The measuring instrument subsystem includes portable mirror Albedometer (8), heat collector inlet temperature sensor
(2), heat collector outlet temperature sensor (3), flowmeter (4), pyrheliometer and sun tracker (5), ambient air temperature
Sensor (6) and anemobiagraph (7)；Portable mirror Albedometer (8) is placed on the reflecting mirror of groove type heat collector (1) when measuring
On, heat collector inlet temperature sensor (2) is mounted on close on the pipeline in groove type heat collector (1) import 1m, heat collector outlet
Temperature sensor (3) is mounted on close on the pipeline in groove type heat collector (1) outlet 1m, and flowmeter (4) is mounted on slot type thermal-arrest
On pipeline between device (1) import and flow control valve (13), pyrheliometer and sun tracker (5), ambient air temperature
Sensor (6) and anemobiagraph (7) are installed near groove type heat collector (1)；
The heat transfer fluid circulation subsystem includes heat exchanger (9), filter (11), circulating pump (12), flow control valve
(13) and groove type heat collector (1)；The heat-transfer fluid side outlet of heat exchanger (9) is connect by pipeline with the side of filter (11),
The other side of filter (11) is connect by pipeline with the import of circulating pump (12), and the outlet of circulating pump (12) passes through pipeline and stream
The side of control valve (13) connects, and the other side of flow control valve (13) is connected by the import of pipeline and groove type heat collector (1)
It connects, the outlet of groove type heat collector (1) is connect by pipeline with the heat-transfer fluid side-entrance of heat exchanger (9)；
The nitrogen-sealed subsystem includes expansion drum (10), nitrogen breather valve (14) and nitrogen cylinder (15)；Expansion drum (10)
Bottom connect with the top of heat exchanger (9) by pipeline, the top of expansion drum (10) passes through pipeline and nitrogen breather valve (14)
Side connection, the other side of nitrogen breather valve (14) is connect by pipeline with nitrogen cylinder (15).
2. using the hot property prediction side of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector heat performance measuring apparatus described in claim 1
Method, it is characterized in that: the hot property prediction technique is based on continuous measurement heat transfer fluid exit temperature ramp de and declined
Heat-transfer fluid out temperature, volume flow, sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level, ambient air temperature and the surrounding air of journey
Speed, by paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, using based on the more of least square class method
First linear regression mathematical method recognizes wherein e0、e1、e2, seven undetermined parameters of a, b, c, d, predict the paraboloid trough type solar
Heat collector is hot under any specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature
Energy.
3. hot property prediction technique according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: steps are as follows for the prediction technique:
Step 1, first using the anti-of the flute profile reflector of portable mirror Albedometer (8) measurement groove type heat collector (1)
Rate is penetrated, along heat-transfer fluid flow direction, the groove type heat collector of every 10m length at least arranges an albedo measurement point, reflection
Rate ρrFor the average value of the reflectivity of these measurement points；
Step 2, heat-transfer fluid is flowed out from heat exchanger (9), is entered circulating pump (12) by filter (11), is opened circulating pump
(12), so that heat-transfer fluid flows through groove type heat collector (1), and it flow back into the heat exchanger (9)；According to heat transfer needed for measurement
Flow regulating and controlling valve (13) are arranged in fluid flow valve, and obtain flow correction flow according to flowmeter (4) measurement and adjust control
Valve (13)；It opens cooling cycle subsystem (16), allows cooling medium to enter heat exchanger (9) and take away heat, keep heat-transfer fluid close
The specific temperature of environment temperature or needs；Groove type heat collector (1) is set to be in tracing collection state, at this moment heat transfer fluid exit temperature
Uphill process starts；Since heat-transfer fluid is expanded because temperature rises, portion of heat transfer fluid enters expansion drum (10), described
The lower part of expansion drum (10) is heat-transfer fluid, and top is high pressure nitrogen, and the size of nitrogen pressure is adjusted by nitrogen breather valve (14)
Section, and the nitrogen cylinder by connecting (15) provides source nitrogen, to guarantee that heat-transfer fluid is not undergone phase transition；According to heat transfer fluid circulation
Cooling cycle subsystem (16) are arranged in the requirement of system amount of cooling water, with during guaranteeing groove type heat collector heating measurement, heat-transfer fluid
Inlet temperature climbing speed should be not more than 2.5 DEG C/min；
Step 3, measurement process is started to warm up, i.e., continuously measures and records the following object in heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature uphill process
Reason amount: the heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature t of heat collector inlet temperature sensor (2) measurementi, heat collector outlet temperature sensor (3)
The heat transfer fluid exit temperature t of measuremente, the volume flow V of the heat-transfer fluid of flowmeter (4) measurement, pyrheliometer and the sun
The sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level G of tracker (5) measurementDN, the ambient air temperature of air temperature sensor (6) measurement
ta, the ambient air velocity of anemobiagraph (7) measurement；When heat transfer fluid exit temperature reaches groove type heat collector operating temperature range
When the upper limit, stop groove type heat collector tracking, completes primary heating measurement；
Step 4, start temperature measurement process, i.e., the aperture of adjustment groove type heat collector (1) is backwards to the sun, and at this moment heat-transfer fluid goes out
Mouth temperature decline process starts, and continuation continuously measures and records the identical physical quantity with step 3, when heat transfer fluid exit temperature connects
When nearly heating measures temperature when starting, a temperature measurement is completed；
Step 5, after being measured, paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property is predicted according to the data obtained, calculating process is such as
Under:
The expression-form of paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model are as follows:
In formula:
teThe heat transfer fluid exit temperature of measurement, unit DEG C, tiThe heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature of measurement, unit: DEG C, GeniMore than consideration
String loss, blade-end loss and heat-transfer fluid are through the direct sunlight being effectively homogenized that solar irradiance variation influences when heat collector
Irradiation level, function representation relationship are shown in formula (2), unit: W/m2, θ incidence angle, i.e. direct sunlight line and heat collector daylighting are flat
The angle formed between the normal of face, unit: °, taAmbient air temperature, unit: DEG C, the τ time, unit: s, e0、e1、e2、a、b、
C, d is seven parameters to be identified；
In formula: τiHeat-transfer fluid inlet temperature measurement record time, unit: s, τpHeat-transfer fluid is from heat collector import to outlet
Flowing time, unit: s, ρrThe reflectivity of flute profile reflector, GDNThe sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level (DNI) of measurement, unit: W/
m2, τsThe acquisition time interval of measurement data, unit: the paraboloidal focal length of s, f groove type heat collector, unit: m, L groove type heat collector
Length, unit: the p isometric regions that m, p paraboloid trough type metal heat absorption tube are divided along heat-transfer fluid flow direction are equal to
τp/τs；
It is empty to will heat up the heat transfer fluid exit temperature, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature, environment obtained during measurement and temperature measurement
Temperature degree and sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level substitute into paraboloid trough type solar heat-collector hot property dynamic prediction model, use
Multiple linear regression mathematical method based on least square class method recognizes wherein e0、e1、e2, seven undetermined parameters of a, b, c, d,
The coefficient of determination of recurrence should be not less than 0.85；Dynamic prediction model after completing parameter identification can predict the paraboloid trough type too
Heat of the positive energy heat collector under any specific time, place, solar irradiation, ambient air temperature and heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature
Performance.
4. hot property prediction technique described in accordance with the claim 3, it is characterized in that: the heating measurement process and temperature measurement
The measuring condition requirement that process needs to meet are as follows:
Ambient air velocity average value is not more than 8m/s, and the volume flow of heat-transfer fluid is passed through at the flowing of heat collector heat-transfer fluid
In turbulence state, greater than the safe operation flow setting value of tested heat collector, variation is not more than ± the 2.0% of measured value, heating
The sun normal direction direct projection irradiation level of measurement process is not less than 700W/m2, heat-transfer fluid inlet temperature is in heating measurement process rising
Rate is not more than 2.5 DEG C/min, and heat-transfer fluid imports and exports 5 times that temperature difference heating measurement process is greater than temperature sensor accuracy；
The time interval of all continuous measurement data should be not more than 5s, should be not less than 4h, heating measurement and drop the total time effectively measured
The number of temperature measurement should all be not less than 3 times；In the measurement process that heats up, the heat-transfer fluid import temperature in heat collector operating temperature range
Degree, which rises, should be not less than 100 DEG C；The initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature for the measurement process that heats up and the end of temperature measurement process pass
The difference of hot fluid outlet temperature is not more than 10 DEG C；The end heat transfer fluid exit temperature and temperature measurement process for the measurement process that heats up
Initial heat transfer fluid outlet temperature difference be not more than 10 DEG C.
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| CN107577844B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2022-08-19 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Method and system for predicting mirror field outlet temperature of slot type photo-thermal power station |
| CN109163918A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-08 | 深圳天祥质量技术服务有限公司 | Solar water heating system thermal performance test equipment and its operating method |
| CN110108326B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2023-10-10 | 中国能源建设集团陕西省电力设计院有限公司 | Trapezoidal heat collection light spot energy and heat flux density measurement system and method |
| CN113139153B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-10-04 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Satellite-borne microwave radiometer on-orbit reflecting surface temperature calculation device and method |
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