CN106769020A - A kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769020A CN106769020A CN201710027398.1A CN201710027398A CN106769020A CN 106769020 A CN106769020 A CN 106769020A CN 201710027398 A CN201710027398 A CN 201710027398A CN 106769020 A CN106769020 A CN 106769020A
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- fluted disc
- edge
- detection
- water turbine
- turbine set
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
A kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device and detection method, are related to mechanical value measuring field.Water turbine set is solved to be wriggled under stopped status test problems.The invention provides a kind of non-contact type water wheel unit Wriggle detecting device and method, particular design fluted disc is installed in unit big axle, by back lighting, photoelectronic imaging obtains fluted disc image, fluted disc double wedge edge straight line angle is obtained by image processing method, the effective detection to wriggling is realized by the change for calculating angle.Compared with existing detection means and method, it has the advantage of non-cpntact measurement, unit will not be produced and scratched, and detects the process of fluted disc image zooming-out straight slope, and directly reliable, signal to noise ratio is high.Present invention installation convenient to carry out, required external accessory is few.Effective monitoring to set state and and alarm after being shut down suitable for water turbine set.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to turbine-generator units stopped status wriggling test problems, belong to mechanical value measuring field.
Background technology
Under stopped status, because stator is not closed completely, rotary wheel of water turbine receives water impact to turbine-generator units, makes unit
Lentamente rotate, that is, wriggle.Unit is wriggled to be also called and is creeped, and slowly, human eye is difficult to be differentiated in the short time for this motion.It is compacted
Dynamic phenomenon belongs to water conservancy machinery failure category, endangers larger to unit bearing.After a shutdown, the oil film of bush gap is gradually for unit
Disappear, unit is wriggled, bearing shell is in dry condition, if wriggling overlong time, be easily caused contact surface scuffing, coefficient of friction
Increase, after unit is reset, the easy scaling loss of bearing makes unit shut down for some reason, and maintenance workload is big, costly.As can be seen here,
Unit crawl has disguise, is difficult to discover, and but brings great hidden danger to unit safety operation.Therefore, it is necessary to
Unit wriggling failure is detected, is pinpointed the problems early, and taken measures, eliminate the harm wriggled and may bring.
Conventional water turbine set wriggling detection method has PT residual voltages method, mechanical roller method, friction lever pneumatic process.PT residual voltage methods
The voltage pulsation for needing detection wriggling to produce, weak output signal, signal to noise ratio is low, and detection has certain difficulty., mechanical roller method passes through
Roller is contacted with the big axle of unit, and rotary encoder is connected with roller, and big axle is wriggled and brings roller to rotate, by rotary encoder
Angle change can be detected.Friction lever pneumatic process is that the friction lever by being contacted with big axle drives microswitch to detect wriggling
Change.Both approaches are all to detect to wriggle have a certain degree of abrasion to the big axle of unit by contact method, and when long
Between run, big axle and roller（Or friction lever）Between easily cause relative slip, be thus unable to effective detection and go out to wriggle.
The content of the invention
Wriggled under stopped status test problems the invention aims to solve water turbine set, there is provided a kind of photoelectricity into
As formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device and detection method.
Wriggle detecting device of the present invention, it includes imaging illumination light source, the tooth connected with the big axle of the hydraulic turbine
Disk, imaging len, diaphragm, area array CCD and image acquisition and processing unit.Lighting source is irradiated in fluted disc from side, and fluted disc leads to
The light path system for crossing opposite side images in CCD, and the fluted disc image that CCD is produced is recognized by graphics processing unit, and thus judges tooth
Disk change in location, so that effective detection wriggling situation.
Wriggling detection method of the present invention, it is comprised the following steps：
（1）Lighting source is irradiated in fluted disc from side, and fluted disc is through the imaging len and stop imagery of opposite side in area array CCD；
（2）The image of area array CCD is gathered by image acquisition and processing unit；
（3）Image acquisition and processing unit completes fluted disc image procossing and detection of wriggling.
Wherein step（3）Detection process is：In initial treatment execution, the side of positioning double wedge is searched in entire image
Edge；After the completion of positioning, a ROI region is set with the edge for positioning（Region of interest）, follow-up each Image Edge-Detection is all
Carried out in ROI region；Behind the edge for detecting double wedge every time, and ROI is reset with new edge, be edge inspection next time
Survey is prepared；Behind ROI region detection edge, edge line is extracted, it is possible thereby to determine the rectangular coordinate system side of the straight line
Journey, and calculate straight slope；Wriggling situation and output result are judged by the change of straight slope.
Water turbine set Wriggle detecting device provided by the present invention and method, fluted disc can be detected by optical imaging modalities
Change in location, detection approach is directly reliable；Belong to non-cpntact measurement, scuffing will not be produced to the big axle of unit, unit will not be produced
Any influence of life.No matter vertical or horizontally-mounted water turbine set, all closed installation of its big axle, so lighting source condition is good,
Without other interference of stray light；Water turbine set typically all installs fluted disc, and machine is surveyed by the speed probe being installed on outside support
Group rotating speed.Detection means of the invention can share same support with speed probe, and extra resource will not be produced to take.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is water turbine set Wriggle detecting device pie graph；
Fig. 2 is detection fluted disc structure figure of wriggling；
Fig. 3 is Wriggle detecting device mounting bracket figure；
Fig. 4 is fluted disc image procossing schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device specific embodiment includes：
Specific embodiment one, photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device, it includes imaging illumination light source (1), with water
The fluted disc (2) that the big axle of turbine is connected, imaging len (3), diaphragm (4), area array CCD (5) and image acquisition and processing unit
(6), as shown in Figure 1.Lighting source (1) is illuminated using backlight type, and fluted disc (2) is co-axially mounted with the big axle of unit, and light source (1) is from tooth
Disk (2) side is irradiated in the double wedge of fluted disc (2) edge distribution.In fluted disc (2) opposite side, the double wedge of fluted disc (2) edge distribution by
Imaging len (3) and diaphragm (4) image in area array CCD (5).Diaphragm (4) is located at the image space focal plane of lens (3), is system
Aperture diaphragm, form object space telecentric beam path.Lens (3), diaphragm (4), CCD (5) are co-axially mounted, and big perpendicular to unit
Axle.Image acquisition and processing unit (6) gathers CCD (5) image, and carries out treatment and draw corresponding testing result.Image acquisition and processing
Unit can be realized that FPGA completes the Real-time Collection of image by FPGA+DSP frameworks, and DSP completes image processing algorithm and testing result
Output.
Specific embodiment two, as shown in Fig. 2 fluted disc（7）One week by 60 double wedges（8）Composition, each double wedge（8）It is shared
Angle is 3 °.Fluted disc（7）Each double wedge（8）Two edge extended lines pass through fluted disc（7）The center of circle, fluted disc（7）External diameter is by water
Wheel unit major axial diameter is determined, by mounting hole（9）Connected with the big shaft flange of unit.The fluted disc（7）Can also be used for unit
Tachometric survey.
Specific embodiment three, the installation for unit Wriggle detecting device, can install with generating unit speed measurement apparatus
In same support（11）, as shown in figure 3, constituting a combined type measuring system.Speed probe（12）Positioned at support（11）'s
Middle part, by magnetoelectric sensor, detects fluted disc（10）Pulse produced by upper raised teeth.Wriggle detecting device（13）It is installed on branch
Frame（11）Both sides.During unit operation, tested the speed by speed probe, under stopped status, by detection dress of wriggling
Put detection unit wriggling situation.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, a kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set wriggling detection method and principle are：
1st, fluted disc（2）It is rigidly connected with the big axle of unit, lighting source（1）From fluted disc（2）Side is irradiated in fluted disc（2）, fluted disc（2）
Through the lens of opposite side（3）And diaphragm（4）Image in CCD（5）.Because fluted disc edge uniform intervals are dispersed with double wedge（8）With it is recessed
Groove, double wedge（8）Shut out the light, it is in CCD（5）Upper formation blanking bar；Groove transmitted light, it is in CCD（5）Upper formation bright band.It is logical
The change in location at image procossing detection blanking bar edge is crossed, namely can be with effective detection unit wriggling situation.Diaphragm（4）It is installed on
Mirror（3）Image space focal plane at, form object space telecentric beam path, telecentric beam path can effectively reduce testee along optical axis direction
The measurement error that shift in position is brought.
2nd, fluted disc image is by image acquisition and processing unit（6）Collection.
3rd, for the image of fluted disc, such as Fig. 4, processing procedure is as follows.The method detected by image processing edge recognizes convex
Tooth edge（15）, by marginal point fitting a straight line, that is, represent double wedge edge（15）Place straight line.In initial procedure, in entire image
Middle search positioning double wedge edge（15）, position a double wedge（16）Corresponding one side（15）.In detection process afterwards,
ROI region is set centered on any on the side（14）, ensuing treatment i.e. detection, calculating ROI（14）In edge
（15）Straight slope, angle.The ROI region for detecting next time is reset by the straight line for newly detecting（14）, so make ROI
（14）Dynamic is set, ROI region（14）With edge（15）Straight line changes.Occur due to wriggling slowly, in detect next time
Edge（15）Without departing from set ROI region（14）.What above-mentioned treatment can ensure to detect all the time is same edge
（15）The situation of change of straight slope.
The design requirement double wedge edge of fluted disc（15）The extended line center of circle that passes through fluted disc, detect the edge（15）Institute's table
The straight line for showing, you can to obtain the slope of straight linekAnd angle [alpha], such as following formula, wherein（x1,y1）With（x2,y2）Respectively on straight line
2 points of coordinate.By the change △ α=α for calculating straight line angle2-α1, you can draw the situation of change of fluted disc position, judge be
It is no to have wriggling situation.
The present invention has the advantage that：Traditional PT residual voltages method is surveyed and wriggled, and is detected by the change for measuring voltage and wriggled, letter
Number faint, interference is big, and signal to noise ratio is low.The fluted disc that this method direct measurement unit wriggling is produced is rotated, and signal is directly stablized, and
The closed installation of unit, noiseless light source, so signal to noise ratio is high.Traditional mechanical roller method, friction lever pneumatic process etc., belong to contact
Formula is measured, and easily produces scuffing to the big axle of unit, and skidding easily occurs in longtime running, it is impossible to which effective detection is wriggled.
This method belongs to non-cpntact measurement, will not produce any influence to unit, and fluted disc is rigidly connected with big axle, can reliably detect compacted
It is dynamic.Further, this method can share a fluted disc and mounting bracket with generating unit speed measurement apparatus, adapter is few, will not take
Extra resource.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device, it is characterised in that：The photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set is compacted
Motion detection device includes lighting source, fluted disc, imaging len, diaphragm, area array CCD and image acquisition and processing unit；The illumination
Light source produces visible ray to be projeced into fluted disc；The fluted disc is by imaging len and stop imagery in CCD；The imaging len and diaphragm
Constitute object space telecentric beam path；The CCD is connected with image acquisition and processing unit.
2. fluted disc according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It includes 60 double wedges, angle shared by each double wedge in one week
It is 3 °；The center of circle that two edge extended lines of each double wedge pass through fluted disc；Having mounting hole in the middle part of fluted disc can be connected with ring flange.
3. the detection method of a kind of photoelectronic imaging formula water turbine set Wriggle detecting device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
（1）Lighting source is irradiated in fluted disc from side, and fluted disc is through the imaging len and stop imagery of opposite side in area array CCD；
（2）The image of area array CCD is gathered by image acquisition and processing unit；
（3）Image acquisition and processing unit completes fluted disc image procossing and detection of wriggling.
4. the detection method described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step（3）Detection process is：Performed in initial treatment
In, the edge of positioning double wedge is searched in entire image；After the completion of positioning, a ROI region is set with the edge for positioning（Sense is emerging
Interesting area）, follow-up each Image Edge-Detection all carries out in ROI region；Behind the edge for detecting double wedge every time, and with new
Edge resets ROI, is that rim detection is prepared next time；Behind ROI region detection edge, edge line is extracted, by
This can determine the rectangular coordinate system equation of the straight line, and calculate straight slope；Wriggling situation is judged by the change of straight slope
And output result.
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| CN201710027398.1A CN106769020B (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Photoelectric imaging type water turbine set peristaltic detection device and detection method |
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| CN201710027398.1A CN106769020B (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | Photoelectric imaging type water turbine set peristaltic detection device and detection method |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110864629A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-03-06 | 西安交通大学 | Axial displacement measuring device and method applied to multi-friction-plate clutch |
| CN113252939A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-13 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Hydroelectric generating set creep detection method and device based on image recognition technology |
| CN113357071A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-09-07 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | Barcode frequency measuring method and device for water turbine speed governor based on image recognition technology |
| CN114689288A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-01 | 中国长江电力股份有限公司 | System and method for monitoring and measuring creep of hydraulic generator by using image |
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