CN106768587B - Device and method for testing static braking force of low-speed shaft brake energy efficiency test - Google Patents
Device and method for testing static braking force of low-speed shaft brake energy efficiency test Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768587B CN106768587B CN201710137385.XA CN201710137385A CN106768587B CN 106768587 B CN106768587 B CN 106768587B CN 201710137385 A CN201710137385 A CN 201710137385A CN 106768587 B CN106768587 B CN 106768587B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/28—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for testing brakes
Abstract
A static braking force testing device for energy efficiency testing of a low-speed shaft brake and a testing method thereof comprise a gantry upright post, wherein the top of the gantry upright post is a gantry upper beam, a downlink oil cylinder is arranged at the top of the gantry upper beam, an uplink oil cylinder is arranged in the middle of the gantry upper beam, and the uplink oil cylinder and the downlink oil cylinder form a loading combined oil cylinder; a horizontal connecting plate is arranged on an upper cross beam of the portal frame through a guide rod and is positioned right below the upper cross beam of the portal frame, a pressure piston rod, a pressure sensor and a pressure head are arranged at the bottom of the combined oil cylinder, and a friction plate is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head through a friction plate connecting hole; and the top of the upper cross beam of the portal frame is also provided with a hoisting device, and the bottom of the portal frame upright post is provided with a bottom sliding table mechanism. Through the cooperation of portal frame top hydro-cylinder and bottom slip table, the test of completion static braking force that can be convenient, through the hoist device at portal frame entablature top, the installation and the dismantlement of completion stopper that can be convenient, overall operation is simple and convenient, and the operational reliability is good, and work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting machinery, in particular to a device and a method for testing static braking force of an energy efficiency test of a low-speed shaft brake.
Background
The low-speed shaft brake refers to a brake arranged after the transmission speed reducer, with respect to the high-speed shaft brake. Due to the speed reduction and the torque increase after speed reduction, the rotating speed of the transmission system is low, and the torque of the transmission system is large. Therefore, the initial braking speed of the low-speed shaft brake is low, the initial rotating speed is close to zero during normal braking, and the initial rotating speed is only one tenth of the rotating speed of the high-speed shaft or less during emergency braking; the low-speed shaft brake has larger braking force which generally exceeds 63000N, large structural strength and larger volume and self weight, and is most commonly used as a safety brake for directly braking a reel flange.
The low-speed shaft brake mainly examines static braking force because the initial braking speed of the low-speed shaft brake is low, and some low-speed shaft brakes are even close to zero; in addition, because the brake force of the low-speed shaft brake is large, the brake work is large, if a dynamic inertia test is carried out, the test is dangerous, the damage degree to a test device is high, and the test workload is large; furthermore, the national standard GB/T30221 Industrial brake energy efficiency test method clearly specifies that static brake force can be measured when the brake energy efficiency test is carried out on brake force greater than 63000N, and no requirement is made on dynamic brake force. Therefore, the patent specially researches a device suitable for testing the static braking force of the low-speed shaft brake.
The low-speed shaft brake mainly comprises a hydraulic caliper disc brake, an electromagnetic caliper disc brake and the like.
The testing device in the prior art is used for testing the braking torque of the high-speed shaft brake, and the tested static braking torque is small and is generally not more than 30000 Nm. Low-speed axle brakes with a low braking force can also be tested on such a device, but the low-speed axle brake braking torque generally exceeds its test range, so the static braking force of the low-speed axle brake cannot generally be tested. This device also has several disadvantages:
(1) the brake disc is not adapted to all brakes. The width of a brake caliper opening of the brake is large or small, and the thickness of a brake disc is required to be consistent with the width of a brake caliper opening; the diameter of the brake disc is consistent with the structure and center height of the brake. Different brakes require different brake discs.
(2) The test braking force is not large. The testing capability of the device is not large generally due to the limitation of the structure and the lever ratio, and the testing range of the static braking torque is 30000 Nm.
(3) Occupying a large space. The device requires a large space due to the large diameter of the brake disc, the long lever and the space required for installing the hydraulic lever and the brake.
(4) The structure is complex. The device has the advantages of complex structure, more parts, high transmission requirement and high machining precision requirement.
(5) The brake is inconvenient to install. The brake is very complicated to install because the brake needs to pass through the center of a circle of the brake disc according to the theoretical friction radius and the center line of a jaw of the brake. In most cases, the tooling needs to be designed separately, which is time-consuming, labor-consuming and expensive.
(6) The accuracy is not high. Due to high installation requirement, friction radius and inaccurate jaw central line, the testing precision is not high easily.
(7) The test stroke is short. The linear motion of the hydraulic cylinder is converted into the rotary motion of the brake disc, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder is short, the linear motion is converted into the rotary motion of the brake disc, the rotating radian is short, and the averaging is not facilitated.
(8) The manufacturing cost is high. The structure is complicated, and is bulky, requires the precision high, and hydraulic push rod, lever support, brake disc support, stopper installation base etc. all need consolidate the ground, therefore the cost is high.
(9) Brake discs of multiple specifications are required.
(10) It is inconvenient to change the brake disc. The low-speed shaft brake has large braking force, large brake disc and heavy weight, and the brake disc is very inconvenient to disassemble.
(11) The comprehensive error is large. The braking torque is tested and needs to be converted into braking force through a theoretical friction diameter and a lever ratio. The operation is more, and the comprehensive error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a device and a method for testing the static braking force of the low-speed shaft brake in the energy efficiency test aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the problem of testing the static braking force of the low-speed shaft brake in the energy efficiency test of the industrial brake can be conveniently solved, the working reliability is greatly improved, and the working efficiency is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a static braking force testing device for energy efficiency testing of a low-speed shaft brake comprises a portal stand column, wherein the top of the portal stand column is a portal frame upper beam, a downlink oil cylinder is arranged at the top of the portal frame upper beam, an uplink oil cylinder is arranged in the middle of the portal frame upper beam, and the uplink oil cylinder and the downlink oil cylinder form a loading combined oil cylinder; a horizontal connecting plate is arranged on the upper cross beam of the portal frame through a guide rod and is positioned under the upper cross beam of the portal frame, a pressure piston rod, a pressure sensor and a pressure head are arranged at the bottom of the combined oil cylinder, and a friction plate is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head through a friction plate connecting hole; and the top of the upper beam of the portal frame is also provided with a hoisting device, and the bottom of the upright post of the portal frame is provided with a bottom sliding table mechanism.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
one end of the horizontal connecting plate is connected with the guide rod, the other end of the horizontal connecting plate is provided with a displacement connecting plate, the end part of the displacement connecting plate is connected with the displacement guide rod, and the displacement guide rod is provided with an upper limit collision head; the gantry crane is characterized in that a threading pipe is installed in the upper cross beam of the gantry crane, the displacement guide rod extends into the threading pipe, a lower limit collision head is installed above the displacement guide rod, and a proximity switch and a displacement sensor are further installed on the threading pipe.
The structure of bottom slip table mechanism does: including the main table face, the main table face outside is vice mesa, the platform is installed at the top of main table face and vice mesa, the track backing plate is installed at the interval on the platform, the upper portion of track backing plate is sliding guide, sliding guide and the outside cover of track backing plate have the protection casing, the last protection casing of installing of sliding guide, the sliding guide that the protection casing will expose covers, and the one end of protection casing is fixed on the slip table, and the protection casing contracts or extends along with the removal of slip table.
And a T-shaped foundation bolt is arranged on the surface of the sliding table.
An oil cylinder support is arranged behind the sliding table, an oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder support, and the output end of the oil cylinder support is connected with the sliding table through a push-pull rod.
One side of the sliding table is also extended with a stroke collision head, the outside of one side of the sliding table is provided with a stroke limiting base, and two ends of the stroke limiting base are respectively provided with a stroke limiting switch and a stroke limiting roller.
The hoisting device is structurally characterized in that: the top of the crane boom is provided with a fixed pulley and penetrates through a steel wire rope, the head of the steel wire rope is connected with a lifting hook, and the tail of the steel wire rope is connected to a hoisting device; the rotary three-in-one machine also comprises a fixed upright post base, wherein a fixed upright post is installed on the fixed upright post base, a lower rotary mechanism and an upper rotary mechanism are installed on the upper part of the fixed upright post, and a rotary upright post is installed on the upper part of the upper rotary mechanism; the fixed upright column base is arranged on an upper beam of the portal frame through a bolt; an electric cabinet and a suspension arm diagonal brace are further mounted at the bending position of the crane boom, and a control handle is further mounted at the bottom of the electric cabinet through a connecting wire.
And a buzzer is also installed at the top of the upper cross beam of the portal frame.
A testing method of a static braking force testing device for an energy efficiency test of a low-speed shaft brake comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: starting the hydraulic station;
the second step is that: an oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table works to enable a push-pull rod to extend out and push the sliding table out of the portal frame;
the third step: starting a hoisting device to hoist the brake to a proper position on the sliding table;
the fourth step: fixing a brake on the sliding table through foundation bolts and bolt grooves;
the fifth step: after the installation is finished, the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table is started again, and the sliding table is pulled to return to the position right below the upper cross beam of the portal frame;
and a sixth step: opening a brake jaw of the brake, and placing a friction plate into the brake caliper opening;
the seventh step: closing the brake jaws;
eighth step: loading the descending oil cylinder to enable the pressure piston rod to move downwards, so that the friction plate moves downwards, the friction plate and the brake caliper opening move relatively, the pressure is measured through the sensor, and the analog signal is sent to the signal processing and displaying system;
eighth step: after the test is finished, opening the brake jaw;
the ninth step: hydraulic oil is introduced into the ascending oil cylinder for loading, and the pressure piston rod moves upwards, so that the friction plate is separated from the brake jaw of the brake;
the tenth step: repeating the second step, wherein the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table works to extend the push-pull rod and push the sliding table out of the portal frame;
the eleventh step: screwing off the fixing bolt of the brake base to separate the brake from the sliding table;
the twelfth step: starting a hoisting device to hoist the brake away from the sliding table;
the thirteenth step: the travel limits of the advancing and the returning of the sliding table are completed through a travel collision head, a travel limit roller and a travel limit switch;
a fourteenth step of: the up-down running limit of the piston rod is completed by a displacement guide rod, an upper limit collision head, a lower limit collision head, a proximity switch and a displacement sensor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, convenience in operation, convenience in mounting and dismounting of the brake, convenience in integral operation, good working reliability and high working efficiency, and the static braking force can be conveniently tested through the matching action of the oil cylinder at the top of the portal frame and the sliding table at the bottom.
The invention mainly solves the problem of testing the static braking force of the low-speed shaft brake in the industrial brake energy efficiency test.
The braking force of the braking force test of the invention is large, generally can reach 1000000N, even larger, and is tens of times of the test capability introduced by the technical background; the device does not require a special foundation; the hydraulic cylinder and the brake are arranged in the vertical direction, so that the occupied area is small; the tested brake has large volume, and the large-volume brake is convenient to install; the comprehensive measurement error is small, the braking force is directly measured, and the pressure sensor directly measures the braking force; the test device is convenient to adapt to different brake tests, and for different brakes, only a proper friction plate needs to be replaced; the structure is simple, and the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor and the door frame are mainly formed; the brake is convenient to mount, the brake base can move back and forth so as to be convenient to mount and dismount, and the brake base does not need to be strictly fixed due to pressure only and only needs to adjust the cushion block to enable the jaw to be vertical; the testing precision is high, the pressure sensor directly tests the pressure, and the testing progress directly depends on the precision of the sensor; the test stroke is long, the friction plate linearly runs up and down, the test stroke is long, and the average value is more accurate; the manufacturing cost is low, the structure is simple, the volume is small, the required processing precision is low, and therefore the manufacturing cost is low; the brake disc with high cost is not required to be replaced, and only a small friction plate is required to be replaced; the friction plate is convenient to replace, and does not need to be specially fixed because the friction plate is only pressed, and only one pin shaft is needed to be connected with the friction plate to bear the dead weight of the friction plate in consideration of pressure unloading and rising of the friction plate.
In addition to the above advantages, the present invention has the following advantages: the safety protection device is safe and reliable, a piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder is limited by a rising limit and a falling limit, a brake base is limited by a front limit and a rear limit, an emergency stop switch is arranged electrically, and a stop button is also arranged in test software; the device can integrally move, and is of an integrated structure and can integrally move; the testing device has multiple functions, and can be used for testing the static braking force of the brake and also can be used for testing the pressure and the tension of components such as a structural member, a hoisting rigging and the like; the maintenance is convenient, and almost nothing needs to be maintained due to the simple structure; the sensor is convenient to measure, the sensor is spirally connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic lever, and only needs to be screwed off during measurement, and a system does not need to be disassembled and assembled; from taking hoisting machine to construct, can make things convenient for the installation of stopper, also can make things convenient for the installation of test bench itself, dismantle and the maintenance in later stage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a portion of the bottom slide of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a bottom slide portion of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hoisting device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the hoisting device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary three-in-one motor of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. hoisting the device; 101. a fixed pulley; 102. a cargo boom; 103. a wire rope; 104. a rotating column; 105. a rotary three-in-one motor; 106. a hoisting device; 107. an upper slewing mechanism; 108. a lower slewing mechanism; 109. fixing the upright post; 110. fixing the upright column base; 111. a bolt; 112. a suspension arm diagonal brace rod; 113. an electric cabinet; 114. a hook; 115. a control handle; 2. a descending cylinder; 3. a guide bar; 4. a buzzer; 5. a portal frame upper beam; 6. an up-going oil cylinder; 7. a horizontal connecting plate; 8. a portal column; 9. a sliding table; 10. a sliding guide rail; 11. a rail backing plate; 12. a main table top; 13. a secondary table-top; 14. a threading tube; 15. a lower limit head collision; 16. a proximity switch; 17. a displacement sensor; 18. an upper limit head collision; 19. a displacement guide rod; 20. sealing the oil cylinder; 21. a displacement connecting plate; 22. a pressure piston rod; 23. a pressure sensor; 24. a pressure head; 25. a friction plate attachment hole; 26. a friction plate; 27. loading the combined oil cylinder body; 28. a cylinder support; 29. a push-pull rod; 30. a T-shaped foundation bolt slot; 31. a forward sliding cylinder; 32. push-pull combined oil cylinder body; 33. a return oil cylinder; 34. a stroke limiting base; 35. a stroke ram; 36. a travel limit roller; 37. a travel limit switch; 38. a protective cover; 39. lifting the winding drum; 40. a hoisting speed reducer; 41. a hoisting motor; 42. lifting the electromagnetic brake; 43. a rotary electromagnetic brake; 44. a rotary motor; 45. a rotary speed reducer; 46. a rotating shaft; 47. a driving gear; 48. a hoisting encoder; 49. a rotary encoder.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake of the present embodiment includes a gantry upright 8, a gantry upper beam 5 is arranged at the top of the gantry upright 8, a downlink oil cylinder 2 is arranged at the top of the gantry upper beam 5, an uplink oil cylinder 6 is arranged in the middle of the gantry upright, and the uplink oil cylinder 6 and the downlink oil cylinder 2 form a loading combined oil cylinder 27; a horizontal connecting plate 7 is arranged on the upper cross beam 5 of the portal frame through a guide rod 3, the horizontal connecting plate 7 is positioned under the upper cross beam 5 of the portal frame, a pressure piston rod 22, a pressure sensor 23 and a pressure head 24 are arranged at the bottom of the combined oil cylinder, and a friction plate 26 is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head 24 through a friction plate connecting hole 25; hoisting device 1 is still installed at the top of portal frame entablature 5, is located the bottom of portal stand 8 and installs bottom slip table mechanism.
One end of the horizontal connecting plate 7 is connected with the guide rod 3, the other end of the horizontal connecting plate is provided with a displacement connecting plate 21, the end part of the displacement connecting plate 21 is connected with a displacement guide rod 19, and the displacement guide rod 19 is provided with an upper limit collision head 18; a threading pipe 14 is installed in the upper beam 5 of the portal frame, a displacement guide rod 19 extends into the threading pipe 14, a lower limit collision head 15 is installed above the displacement guide rod, and a proximity switch 16 and a displacement sensor 17 are further installed on the threading pipe 14.
The structure of bottom slip table mechanism does: the novel sliding table comprises a main table top 12, an auxiliary table top 13 is arranged on the outer side of the main table top 12, a platform is installed at the tops of the main table top 12 and the auxiliary table top 13, rail backing plates 11 are installed on the platform at intervals, the upper portions of the rail backing plates 11 are sliding guide rails 10, protective covers 38 are sleeved outside the sliding guide rails 10 and the rail backing plates 11, protective covers 38 are installed on the sliding guide rails 10, the exposed sliding guide rails 10 are covered by the protective covers 38, one ends of the protective covers 38 are fixed to sliding tables 9, and the protective covers 38 shrink or extend along with the movement of the sliding tables 9.
The surface of the slide table 9 is provided with T-shaped anchor bolts 30.
An oil cylinder support 28 is arranged behind the sliding table 9, an oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder support 28, and the output end of the oil cylinder is connected with the sliding table 9 through a push-pull rod 29.
A stroke collision head 35 extends from one side of the sliding table 9, a stroke limiting base 34 is arranged outside one side of the sliding table 9, and a stroke limiting switch 37 and a stroke limiting roller 36 are respectively arranged at two ends of the stroke limiting base 34.
The hoisting device 1 has the structure that: the top of the crane boom 102 is provided with a fixed pulley 101 and penetrates through a steel wire rope 103, the head of the steel wire rope 103 is connected with a hook 114, and the tail of the steel wire rope 103 is connected with a hoisting device 106; the device also comprises a fixed upright post base 110, wherein a fixed upright post 109 is arranged on the fixed upright post base 110, a lower slewing mechanism 108 and an upper slewing mechanism 107 are arranged at the upper part of the fixed upright post 109, a slewing upright post 104 is arranged at the upper part of the upper slewing mechanism 107, and a slewing three-in-one motor 105 for controlling the rotation of the slewing upright post is also arranged; the fixed upright column base 110 is arranged on the upper beam 5 of the portal frame through a bolt 111; an electric cabinet 113 and a boom diagonal brace 112 are further mounted at the bending position of the boom 102, and a control handle 115 is further mounted at the bottom of the electric cabinet 113 through a connecting line.
The top of the upper beam 5 of the portal frame is also provided with a buzzer 4.
The specific structure of the hoisting device 106 is: the hoisting device comprises a hoisting winding drum 39, wherein the hoisting winding drum 39 is connected with a hoisting speed reducer 40, a hoisting motor 41 and a hoisting electromagnetic brake 42, and a hoisting encoder 48 is further arranged on the hoisting electromagnetic brake 42.
The concrete structure of the three-in-one rotary motor 105 is as follows: comprises a rotary motor 44, a rotary electromagnetic brake 43 is arranged at the top of the rotary motor 44, and a rotary encoder 49 is arranged on the rotary electromagnetic brake 43; a rotary speed reducer 45 and a rotary shaft 46 are mounted at the bottom of the rotary motor 44, and the rotary shaft 46 is connected with a driving gear 47.
The front and rear ends of the push-pull combination cylinder 32 are a forward slide cylinder 31 and a return cylinder 33, respectively.
The testing method of the static braking force testing device for the energy efficiency test of the low-speed shaft brake comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: starting the hydraulic station;
the second step is that: the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table 9 works to extend the push-pull rod 29 and push the sliding table 9 out of the portal frame;
the third step: starting the hoisting device 1 to hoist the brake to a proper position on the sliding table 9;
the fourth step: the brake is fixed on the sliding table 9 through foundation bolts and T-shaped foundation bolt grooves 30;
the fifth step: after the installation is finished, the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table 9 is started again, and the sliding table 9 is pulled to return to the position right below the upper cross beam 5 of the portal frame;
and a sixth step: opening the brake caliper opening and placing the friction plate 26 into the brake caliper opening;
the seventh step: closing the brake jaws;
eighth step: loading the descending oil cylinder 2, so that the pressure piston rod 22 moves downwards, the friction plate 26 and the brake caliper opening move relatively, the pressure is measured by the pressure sensor 23, and the analog signal is sent to a signal processing and displaying system;
eighth step: after the test is finished, opening the brake jaw;
the ninth step: hydraulic oil is introduced into the ascending oil cylinder 6 for loading, and the pressure piston rod 22 moves upwards, so that the friction plate 26 is separated from the brake jaw of the brake;
the tenth step: repeating the second step, wherein the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table 9 works to extend the push-pull rod 29 and push the sliding table 9 out of the portal frame;
the eleventh step: screwing off the fixing bolt of the brake base to separate the brake from the sliding table 9;
the twelfth step: starting the hoisting device 1 to hoist the brake away from the sliding table 9;
the thirteenth step: the travel limit of the advancing and returning of the sliding table 9 is completed through a travel collision head 35, a travel limit roller 36 and a travel limit switch 37;
the fourteenth step is that: the upper and lower operation limits of the friction plate 26 are completed by the displacement guide rod 19, the upper limit ram 18, the lower limit ram 15, the proximity switch 16 and the displacement sensor 17.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: during the test, the hydraulic station is started firstly, the sliding oil cylinder 31 is advanced to supply oil, the push-pull rod 29 extends out, the brake mounting sliding table 9 is pushed out of the portal frame, the hoisting device 1 is started to hoist the brake to a proper position on the brake mounting sliding table 9, the brake is fixed on the sliding table 9 through the foundation bolt and the T-shaped foundation bolt groove 30 of the sliding table 9, and after the mounting is completed, the return oil cylinder 33 is loaded, and the brake mounting sliding table 9 is pulled to return to the position under the portal frame. The travel limit of the forward and return strokes of the mounting sliding table 9 is completed by the travel ram 35, the travel limit roller 36 and the limit switch 37. When the brake installation sliding table 9 moves forwards, the limit position collision head collides with the forward limit roller to trigger the forward limit switch, the movement stops, and when the brake installation sliding table moves backwards, the limit position collision head collides with the return limit roller to trigger the forward limit switch, the movement stops, the limiting effect is achieved, and the brake installation sliding table 9 is prevented from sliding out of the sliding guide rail 10. The protective cover 38 is used to cover the sliding guide rail 10 to prevent the exposed guide rail from injuring the installer and to prevent the installer from being extruded and injured when the brake mounting platform and the guide rail move relative to each other.
After the brake is installed in place. A friction plate 26 having an appropriate thickness is selected according to the width of the brake jaw, and the friction plate 26 is coupled to the ram 24 through a friction plate coupling hole 25 by a pin.
The piston rod 22 is loaded by the slow descending pressure to push the friction plate 26 to descend, the brake jaw is opened, the friction plate 26 is placed into the jaw, the brake jaw is closed, and the friction plate 26 is clamped by the brake jaw.
The pressure piston rod 22 is further descended, the running stroke is realized according to the displacement guide rod 19 and the displacement sensor 17, or the proximity switch 16 senses the lower limit ram 15, and the test is stopped. The hydraulic system opens the brake jaw, the loading cylinder piston rod up-going cylinder 6 is filled with pressure oil, the piston rod rises, the friction plate 26 draws out the brake caliper until the piston rod moves up to the program set value and is detected by the travel limit switch, or the approach switch 16 senses the upper limit ram 18, and the return stroke of the piston rod is finished.
In the test process, the test buzzer 4 flickers to prompt that the test is in progress, and safety is paid attention.
After the test is finished, the push-pull rod 29 is extended by supplying oil to the advancing sliding cylinder 31, and the brake mounting sliding table 9 is pushed out of the portal frame. The brake can be disassembled, the hoisting device 1 is started to hoist the brake away from the test platform, and the other brake is installed to prepare for the next test. Installation adjustment and repeated tests can also be carried out.
The hoisting device 1 has the working principle that:
the hoisting device 1 is in fact a fixed revolving cantilever crane. The four-in-one hoisting device is composed of a four-in-one hoisting device 106, an upper slewing mechanism 107, a lower slewing mechanism 108, a slewing three-in-one motor 105, a crane boom 102, a slewing upright post 104, a fixed upright post 109, a steel wire rope 103, a lifting hook 114, an electric cabinet 113 and a control handle 115.
After the hoisting device 1 is powered on, the control handle 115 is used for operating the rotation motor 44 or the winding motor 41 to rotate and lift. The control handle 115 controls the hoisting motor to hoist during hoisting, the brake is hoisted through the fixed pulley 101, the steel wire rope 103 and the lifting hook 114, after the hoisting motor stops, the hoisting electromagnetic brake 42 brakes the brake motor, the brake is suspended at a certain height during the process, the electromagnetic controls the rotary motor 44 through the control handle 115 to enable the hoisting arm 102 to rotate, the brake is conveyed to a proper position of the brake installation sliding table 9, after the rotary electromagnetic brake 43 brakes the brake during the process, the rotary electromagnetic brake rotates statically during the process, and the hoisting motor is controlled through the control handle 115 to enable the brake to descend to the brake installation sliding table 9.
In the hoisting and descending processes, in order to avoid that the brake is too high to hoist and touch the arm support, and also avoid the steel wire rope 103 from rolling over on the winding drum, a hoisting encoder 48 is arranged at the tail end of the motor to play roles in measuring the hoisting height and limiting the hoisting height in real time and limiting the hoisting height and the descending depth. During the rotation operation, in order to avoid the rotation angle not exceeding the safety range, a rotary encoder 49 is arranged at the tail of the rotary motor 44 to play a role in rotation limit.
And when the brake is disassembled, the same steps are carried out. The brake is lifted and turned to the outside of the slide table 9. A new brake installation can be hoisted again for the next test. And can also be used as a hoisting weight and parts during maintenance.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a static brake force testing arrangement of low-speed axle brake efficiency test which characterized in that: the hydraulic loading device comprises a portal upright post (8), wherein a portal upper beam (5) is arranged at the top of the portal upright post (8), a downlink oil cylinder (2) is arranged at the top of the portal upper beam (5), an uplink oil cylinder (6) is arranged in the middle of the portal upper beam, and the uplink oil cylinder (6) and the downlink oil cylinder (2) form a loading combined oil cylinder (27); a horizontal connecting plate (7) is mounted on the upper cross beam (5) of the portal frame through a guide rod (3), the horizontal connecting plate (7) is located right below the upper cross beam (5) of the portal frame, a pressure piston rod (22), a pressure sensor (23) and a pressure head (24) are mounted at the bottom of the combined oil cylinder, and a friction plate (26) is mounted at the bottom of the pressure head (24) through a friction plate connecting hole (25); the top of the portal frame upper cross beam (5) is also provided with a hoisting device (1), and the bottom of the portal frame upright post (8) is provided with a bottom sliding table mechanism; the structure of bottom slip table mechanism does: including main table board (12), main table board (12) outside is vice mesa (13), the platform is installed at the top of main table board (12) and vice mesa (13), track backing plate (11) are installed to the interval on the platform, the upper portion of track backing plate (11) is sliding guide (10), the outside cover of sliding guide (10) and track backing plate (11) has protection casing (38), install protection casing (38) on sliding guide (10), sliding guide (10) that protection casing (38) will expose cover, and the one end of protection casing (38) is fixed on slip table (9), and protection casing (38) shrink or extend along with the removal of slip table (9); during testing, a brake is fixed on the sliding table (9) through a foundation bolt and a T-shaped foundation bolt groove (30), a brake jaw of the brake is opened, a friction plate (26) is placed in a brake caliper opening, the brake jaw of the brake is closed, a descending oil cylinder (2) is loaded, a pressure piston rod (22) moves downwards, the friction plate (26) and the brake caliper opening move relatively, and pressure is measured through a pressure sensor (23).
2. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the horizontal connecting plate (7) is connected with the guide rod (3), the other end of the horizontal connecting plate is provided with a displacement connecting plate (21), the end part of the displacement connecting plate (21) is connected with a displacement guide rod (19), and an upper limit collision head (18) is arranged on the displacement guide rod (19); a threading pipe (14) is installed in the portal frame upper cross beam (5), a displacement guide rod (19) extends into the threading pipe (14), a lower limit collision head (15) is installed above the displacement guide rod, and a proximity switch (16) and a displacement sensor (17) are further installed on the threading pipe (14).
3. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a T-shaped foundation bolt groove (30) is formed in the surface of the sliding table (9).
4. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: an oil cylinder support (28) is arranged behind the sliding table (9), an oil cylinder is mounted on the oil cylinder support (28), and the output end of the oil cylinder is connected with the sliding table (9) through a push-pull rod (29).
5. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the sliding table (9) is also extended with a stroke collision head (35), the outside positioned on one side of the sliding table (9) is provided with a stroke limit base (34), and two ends of the stroke limit base (34) are respectively provided with a stroke limit switch (37) and a stroke limit roller (36).
6. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hoisting device (1) is structurally characterized in that: the top of the crane boom (102) is provided with a fixed pulley (101) and penetrates through a steel wire rope (103), the head of the steel wire rope (103) is connected with a hook (114), and the tail of the steel wire rope (103) is connected to a hoisting device (106); the device is characterized by further comprising a fixed stand column base (110), wherein a fixed stand column (109) is installed on the fixed stand column base (110), a lower swing mechanism (108) and an upper swing mechanism (107) are installed on the upper portion of the fixed stand column (109), a swing stand column (104) is installed on the upper portion of the upper swing mechanism (107), and the device further comprises a swing three-in-one motor (105) for controlling the rotation of the swing three-in-one motor; the fixed upright column base (110) is arranged on an upper beam (5) of the portal frame through a bolt (111); an electric cabinet (113) and a suspension arm diagonal brace (112) are further mounted at the bending position of the crane arm (102), and a control handle (115) is further mounted at the bottom of the electric cabinet (113) through a connecting line.
7. The energy efficiency test static braking force test device for the low-speed shaft brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a buzzer (4) is also installed at the top of the upper cross beam (5) of the portal frame.
8. A test method of the device for testing the static braking force by using the energy efficiency test of the low-speed shaft brake of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: starting the hydraulic station;
the second step is that: an oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table (9) works to extend the push-pull rod (29) and push the sliding table (9) out of the portal frame;
the third step: starting the hoisting device (1) to hoist the brake to a proper position on the sliding table (9);
the fourth step: fixing a brake on the sliding table (9) through foundation bolts and T-shaped foundation bolt grooves (30);
the fifth step: after the installation is finished, the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table (9) is started again, and the sliding table (9) is pulled to return to the position right below the upper cross beam (5) of the portal frame;
and a sixth step: opening a brake jaw of the brake, and placing a friction plate (26) into the brake jaw of the brake;
the seventh step: closing the brake jaws;
eighth step: loading the descending oil cylinder (2) to enable the pressure piston rod (22) to move downwards, so that the friction plate (26) moves downwards, the friction plate (26) and the brake caliper opening move relatively, measuring pressure through the pressure sensor (23), and sending an analog signal to a signal processing and displaying system;
eighth step: after the test is finished, opening the brake jaw;
the ninth step: hydraulic oil is introduced into the ascending oil cylinder (6) for loading, and the pressure piston rod (22) moves upwards, so that the friction plate (26) is separated from the brake jaw of the brake;
the tenth step: repeating the second step, wherein the oil cylinder at the rear part of the sliding table (9) works to extend the push-pull rod (29) and push the sliding table (9) out of the portal frame;
the eleventh step: screwing off the fixing bolt of the brake base to separate the brake from the sliding table (9);
a twelfth step: starting the hoisting device (1) to hoist the brake away from the sliding table (9);
the thirteenth step: the travel limit of the advancing and returning of the sliding table (9) is completed by a travel collision head (35), a travel limit roller (36) and a travel limit switch (37);
the fourteenth step is that: the upper and lower running limits of the friction plate (26) are completed through a displacement guide rod (19), an upper limit ram (18), a lower limit ram (15), a proximity switch (16) and a displacement sensor (17).
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| CN201710137385.XA CN106768587B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Device and method for testing static braking force of low-speed shaft brake energy efficiency test |
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| CN201710137385.XA CN106768587B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Device and method for testing static braking force of low-speed shaft brake energy efficiency test |
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