CN106768521B - Press-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Press-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106768521B CN106768521B CN201611255442.6A CN201611255442A CN106768521B CN 106768521 B CN106768521 B CN 106768521B CN 201611255442 A CN201611255442 A CN 201611255442A CN 106768521 B CN106768521 B CN 106768521B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and a measuring method thereof, wherein the soil pressure sensor comprises a probe shell, and the probe shell comprises an upper part of the probe shell and a pressed-in part of the probe shell; the upper part of the side wall of the pressed part of the probe shell is a cylindrical surface, the lower part of the side wall is surrounded by three planes which are mutually at an included angle of 60 degrees, a circular clamping groove is formed in the middle of each plane, a rigid sheet is covered and fixed in the circular clamping groove, and a resistance strain gauge attached to the rigid sheet is fixed in the center of the rigid sheet; the resistance strain gauge is connected with a strain acquisition module arranged in the probe shell through a signal lead and is connected with an upper computer through a signal lead; the probe shell is internally and horizontally fixed with an electronic compass module, and the electronic compass is connected with an upper computer through sensor leads. The invention can realize the measurement of the three-phase soil pressure of loess, soft soil and stratum below the groundwater level, and has simple and convenient installation, cost saving, construction period saving and high measurement accuracy compared with the traditional soil pressure measurement scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil pressure detection, in particular to a pressed three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The soil pressure measurement in the rock-soil medium is an important content in the research of the soil mechanics theory and the geotechnical engineering experiment, a great number of problems in the geotechnical engineering theory and the actual are solved, the direct measurement result of a field model or a model test is often relied on, and the basic method for the soil measurement is to embed a soil pressure sensor in the soil or on the surface of a structure in the soil so as to directly measure the soil pressure. Because the condition is easier to reach than other measuring modes, the soil pressure sensor is still a basic tool for experimental research of soil media in countries around the world.
In the practical application process, the soil pressure sensor of the traditional disc structure has the following problems when measuring loess and soft soil pressure:
(1) The method has the advantages that the exploratory well is adopted for installation, the construction period is long, the difficulty is high, the cost is high, and especially when the exploratory well is installed on a soft rock-soil body or underwater, the construction is difficult, and the risk of hole collapse is high;
(2) The installation process needs a larger working surface, so that the rock and soil mass around the sensor is disturbed, the original stress field is changed, and the actual pressure measured by the sensor has an error with the actual pressure;
(3) One sensor can only measure the soil pressure in one direction; the sensor is arranged in the deep part, the sensor cannot detect position change, and in monitoring of landslide and the like, the position or angle change of the sensor seriously affects the measurement result;
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide the pressed three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and the measuring method thereof, which simplify the measurement of the soil pressure of the loess and the soft soil and improve the measuring precision.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil comprises a probe shell, wherein the probe shell comprises a probe shell clamping part for connecting a contact probe rod and a probe shell upper part which is connected with the probe shell clamping part and is positioned below the probe shell clamping part; the lower part of the side wall of the upper part of the probe shell is surrounded by three planes which are mutually 60 degrees included angle, and three intersecting lines between the three planes which are mutually 60 degrees included angle are not parallel at the same time; a circular clamping groove is formed in the middle of each plane, a rigid sheet is covered and fixed in the circular clamping groove, and a resistance strain gauge attached to the rigid sheet is fixed in the center of the rigid sheet; the resistance strain gauge is in signal connection with a field bus type acquisition module arranged in the probe shell through a signal lead, and the field bus type acquisition module is in signal connection with an upper computer through a sensor lead; and an electronic compass is horizontally fixed inside the probe shell and is connected with an upper computer through an electronic compass lead wire.
Preferably, the diameter of the circular clamping groove is 30mm; the rigid sheet is a steel sheet, the diameter of the steel sheet is 29mm, and the thickness of the steel sheet is 1mm; the steel sheet is fixed in the circular clamping groove.
Preferably, the side wall of the upper part of the probe shell is a cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the cylindrical surface is 48mm.
Preferably, a through hole for leading out a sensor lead and an electronic compass lead is formed in the middle of the upper part of the probe shell.
Preferably, after the output signals of the sensor lead wire of the signal output of the field bus type acquisition module and the electronic compass lead wire of the signal output of the electronic compass are subjected to A/D conversion, the data are directly transmitted into an upper computer for data analysis and processing.
Preferably, the upper part of the probe shell is connected with the buckling part of the probe shell in a buckling way; the probe shell buckle part is in threaded connection with the touch rod.
Preferably, the field bus type acquisition module is a model DAQM-4202 acquisition module manufactured by Narcissus technology company.
The measuring method for the pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, leveling a field, leveling and pressing a main machine so as to enable a probe shell to be vertical to the ground, and well anchoring so as to fix and press the main machine;
secondly, taking a plurality of steel pipes which can be sequentially connected as a touch probe rod, penetrating a power supply cable, a sensor lead and an electronic compass lead into the touch probe rod, connecting the touch probe rod with a soil pressure sensor, switching on a circuit, and adjusting an instrument;
thirdly, driving the soil pressure sensor and the steel pipe serving as the touch rod into the ground under the action of a press machine, wherein in the process, a probe of the soil pressure sensor is kept to be vertically pressed into the soil at a constant speed;
and fourthly, connecting the sensor lead and the electronic compass lead with an upper computer, judging the pressing-in position and the angle according to the fed back signals, adjusting the pressing-in position and the angle to reach the expected value, stopping the pressure mechanical action, and taking out the steel tube and the clamping part of the probe shell.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the self-pressing type soil pressure testing device adopts a self-pressing type structure, does not need backfilling when testing the soil pressure in loess and soft soil areas, is rapid to install and saves cost.
2. The invention adopts a mode of combining the three-phase pressure sensor and the electronic compass, and can realize accurate positioning of the sensor position and more accurate measurement of pressure.
3. The invention is suitable for testing the soil pressure of the soil layer below the groundwater level, and solves the problems of difficult pore forming and high cost.
5. The field bus type acquisition module is used for acquiring the strain gauge and the electronic compass measurement data, and the signal attenuation is reduced by direct amplification transmission, so that the signal is not interfered, and the measurement precision is improved.
The sensor has the advantages of small volume, low energy consumption, simple structure and greatly reduced cost compared with the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the internal connections of the sensor of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the loading process using the sensor of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a sensor lead; 2. a through hole; 3. a probe housing snap-fit portion; 4. the upper part of the probe shell; 5. a field bus type acquisition module; 6. an electronic compass; 7. a rigid sheet; 8. resistance strain gauge; 9. a sounding frame; 10. and touching the probe rod.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and a measuring method thereof, wherein the soil pressure sensor comprises a probe shell, the probe shell comprises a probe shell clamping part 3 for connecting a contact probe rod 10 and a probe shell upper part 4 which is connected with the probe shell clamping part 3 and is positioned below the probe shell clamping part 3; the lower part of the side wall of the upper part 4 of the probe shell is surrounded by three planes which are mutually 60 degrees included angle, and three intersecting lines between the three planes which are mutually 60 degrees included angle are not parallel at the same time; namely, the pressed-in part of the probe shell is a triangular pyramid shape which is obtained by cutting a cylinder by three planes with included angles of 60 degrees, so that the pressing-in operation is convenient; a circular clamping groove is formed in the middle of each plane, a rigid sheet 7 is covered and fixed in the circular clamping groove, and a resistance strain gauge 8 attached to the rigid sheet 7 is fixed in the center of the rigid sheet 7; the resistance strain gauge 8 is in signal connection with a field bus type acquisition module 5 arranged in the probe shell through a signal lead, and the field bus type acquisition module 5 is in signal connection with an upper computer through a sensor lead 1; the lead wire of the resistance strain gauge 8 is directly connected with the field bus type acquisition module 5, and the field bus type acquisition module 5 leads out the positive power supply, the negative power supply and the A, B of the four wires. The field bus type acquisition module is specifically an acquisition module (RS 485 bus 8-path analog-to-digital isolation analog input) with the model number of DAQM-4202 manufactured by the Zhou science and technology company; the probe shell is internally and horizontally fixed with an electronic compass 6, and the electronic compass 6 is connected with an upper computer through an electronic compass lead wire, so that the detection position of the three-way soil pressure sensor can be conveniently positioned, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, three resistance strain gauges 8 are respectively fixed at the centers of three rigid plates 7, the three rigid plates 7 are correspondingly fixed on the three directions of the pressed-in part of the probe shell (namely, on three inclined planes), and the leads of the resistance strain gauges 8 are led out to the field bus type acquisition module 5, and the four leads of the field bus type acquisition module 5 are led out of the probe again; the electronic compass 6 is horizontally fixed in the pressed part of the probe shell and is also connected with the field bus type acquisition module 5; the positive and negative power leads led out by the electronic compass 6 are connected with the positive and negative power leads of the power supply of the field bus type acquisition module 5 through the 12V-5V voltage reduction module, and are connected with a 12V power supply; finally, four sensor leads 1 are output and connected from the through holes 2 to the PC end.
Further, the diameter of the circular clamping groove is 30mm; the rigid sheet 7 is a steel sheet, the diameter of the steel sheet is 29mm, and the thickness of the steel sheet is 1mm; the steel sheet is fixed in the circular clamping groove.
Further, the side wall of the upper part 4 of the probe housing is a cylindrical surface, and the cylindrical diameter of the cylindrical surface is 48mm. The probe pressing-in part (diameter 50 mm) is slightly larger than the upper part, and the whole probe is small in direct contact with the soil layer area during pressing-in, so that the friction force is small, and the pressing-in operation is convenient. When the three-way soil pressure sensor is pressed in, the upper hard soil can be processed in a hole punching mode, the loess and soft soil part can enable the lead to pass through the pressed-in pipeline after the three-way soil pressure sensor is assembled, and the three-way soil pressure sensor is pressed in to a preset position to measure through the data obtained by the electronic compass 6 in an external pressurizing mode.
Further, a through hole 2 for leading out the sensor lead 1 and the electronic compass lead is formed in the middle of the upper part 4 of the probe shell.
Further, after the output signals of the sensor lead 1 of the signal output of the field bus type acquisition module 5 and the electronic compass lead of the signal output of the electronic compass 6 are subjected to A/D conversion, the data are directly transmitted into an upper computer for data analysis and processing. The data analysis part, the electronic compass 6 can measure the included angle between the probe and Y-axis and the measured three data are F1, F2 and F3, then the soil pressure along X-axis is measured
Soil pressure in Y-axis direction +.>
Soil pressure in Z-axis direction +.>
Further, the upper part 4 of the probe shell is connected with the buckling part 3 of the probe shell in a buckling way; the probe housing snap-on portion 3 is threadedly connected to the feeler lever 10.
The measuring method for the pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil comprises the following steps:
firstly, leveling a field, leveling and pressing a main machine so as to enable a probe shell to be vertical to the ground, and well anchoring so as to fix and press the main machine;
secondly, taking a plurality of steel pipes capable of being sequentially connected as a touch rod 10, penetrating a power supply cable, a sensor lead 1 and an electronic compass lead into the touch rod 10, connecting the touch rod 10 with a soil pressure sensor, connecting a circuit, and adjusting an instrument;
thirdly, driving the soil pressure sensor and the steel pipe serving as the touch rod 10 into the ground under the action of a press machine, wherein a probe of the soil pressure sensor is kept to be vertically pressed into the soil at a constant speed in the process; wherein the feeler lever 10 is supported by the feeler bracket 9.
And fourthly, connecting the sensor lead 1 and the electronic compass lead to an upper computer, judging the pressing-in position and the angle according to the fed back signals, adjusting the pressing-in position and the angle to reach the expected values, stopping the pressure mechanical action, and taking out the steel tube and the probe shell buckle part 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the loading process using the sensor of the present invention.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil, which comprises a probe shell, a steel sheet, a resistance strain gauge, an electronic compass, a field bus type acquisition module and a sensor lead, wherein a cylinder with the diameter of 50mm of the probe shell is cut by three planes with the mutual angle of 60 degrees, a circular clamping groove with the diameter of 30mm is formed in the center part of the three planes, and the resistance strain gauge is stuck to the center of the steel sheet with the diameter of 29mm and the thickness of 1mm and is fixed in the center of the circular clamping groove; the resistance strain gauge leads are directly connected with the field bus type acquisition module and can directly transmit data to the upper computer through the sensor leads; the electronic compass is horizontally fixed in the probe, and data are transmitted through a sensor lead; the detection position of the three-way soil pressure sensor is conveniently positioned, and the measurement accuracy is improved. The sensor leads led out from the probe can be converted by the voltage reduction module and the converter, 4 sensor leads are finally output, and the led out sensor leads can be directly used for transmitting data into a PC (personal computer) and other equipment for data analysis and processing, so that the operation is convenient. The diameter of the pressed-in part of the probe shell is 50mm, the diameters of other parts are 48mm, the pressed-in part of the probe shell is slightly larger, the area of the upper part of the probe and the pressing-in device directly contacted with the soil layer during pressing-in is small, the friction force is small, and the pressing-in operation is convenient. The soil pressure sensor is a pressed-in soil pressure sensor, is suitable for measuring various soil pressures, is especially unsuitable for measuring loess and soft soil pressure of a hole-digging sensor, can be directly inserted into soil for pressure measurement, and is simpler and simpler to operate and is cheaper than other current soft soil pressure measurement modes. The soil pressure sensor can measure the soil pressure in three directions, and the soil pressure at the position is obtained through calculation by the position sensor and the direction measuring module, so that soil pressure measurement errors caused by the inclination of the soil pressure sensor or the fact that the soil pressure sensor cannot reach a preset position due to other mounting modes are avoided, and compared with a single-phase sensor, the soil pressure sensor is higher in precision.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the self-pressing type soil pressure testing device adopts a self-pressing type structure, does not need backfilling when testing the soil pressure in loess and soft soil areas, is rapid to install and saves cost.
2. The invention adopts a mode of combining the three-phase pressure sensor and the electronic compass, and can realize accurate positioning of the sensor position and more accurate measurement of pressure.
3. The invention is suitable for testing the soil pressure of the soil layer below the groundwater level, and solves the problems of difficult pore forming and high cost.
5. The field bus type acquisition module is used for acquiring the strain gauge and the electronic compass measurement data, and the signal attenuation is reduced by direct amplification transmission, so that the signal is not interfered, and the measurement precision is improved.
The sensor has the advantages of small volume, low energy consumption, simple structure and greatly reduced cost compared with the prior art.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of some embodiments of the invention, but the embodiments are not limited thereto and variations within the scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil comprises a probe shell and is characterized in that the probe shell comprises a probe shell buckling part (3) for connecting a contact probe rod (10) and a probe shell upper part (4) which is connected with the probe shell buckling part (3) and is positioned below the probe shell buckling part (3); the lower part of the side wall of the upper part (4) of the probe shell is surrounded by three planes which are mutually 60-degree included angles, and three intersecting lines between the three planes which are mutually 60-degree included angles are not parallel at the same time; a circular clamping groove is formed in the middle of each plane, a rigid sheet (7) is covered and fixed in the circular clamping groove, and a resistance strain gauge (8) attached to the rigid sheet (7) is fixed in the center of the rigid sheet; the resistance strain gauge (8) is in signal connection with a field bus type acquisition module (5) arranged in the probe shell through a signal lead, and the field bus type acquisition module (5) is in signal connection with an upper computer through a sensor lead (1); an electronic compass (6) is horizontally fixed in the probe shell, and the electronic compass (6) is in signal connection with the upper computer through an electronic compass lead; the side wall of the upper part (4) of the probe shell is a cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the cylindrical surface is 48mm; the middle part of the upper part (4) of the probe shell is provided with a through hole (2) for leading out a sensor lead (1) and an electronic compass lead.
2. The pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the circular clamping groove is 30mm; the rigid sheet (7) is a steel sheet, the diameter of the steel sheet is 29mm, and the thickness of the steel sheet is 1mm; the steel sheet is fixed in the circular clamping groove.
3. The pressed three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil according to claim 1, wherein the output signals of the sensor lead (1) of the signal output of the field bus type acquisition module (5) and the electronic compass lead of the signal output of the electronic compass (6) are directly transmitted into an upper computer for data analysis and processing after being subjected to A/D conversion.
4. The pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the upper part (4) of the probe housing and the snap-in part (3) of the probe housing is a snap-in connection; the probe shell buckle part (3) is in threaded connection with the touch rod (10).
5. The pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil according to claim 1, wherein the field bus type collecting module (5) is a collecting module of DAQM-4202 manufactured by navigable science and technology company.
6. The measurement method of the pressed-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil as set forth in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
firstly, leveling a field, leveling and pressing a main machine so as to enable a probe shell to be vertical to the ground, and well anchoring so as to fix and press the main machine;
secondly, taking a plurality of steel pipes which can be sequentially connected as a touch rod (10), penetrating a power supply cable, a sensor lead (1) and an electronic compass lead into the touch rod (10), connecting the touch rod (10) with a soil pressure sensor, switching on a circuit, and adjusting an instrument;
thirdly, driving the soil pressure sensor and the steel pipe serving as the touch rod (10) into the ground under the action of a press machine, wherein a probe of the soil pressure sensor is kept to be vertically pressed into the soil at a constant speed in the process;
and fourthly, connecting the sensor lead (1) and the electronic compass lead with an upper computer, judging the pressing-in position and the angle according to the fed back signals, stopping the pressure mechanical action after the pressing-in position and the angle are adjusted to be expected, and taking out the steel pipe and the clamping part (3) of the probe shell.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611255442.6A CN106768521B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Press-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and measuring method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611255442.6A CN106768521B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Press-in three-way soil pressure sensor for loess and soft soil and measuring method thereof |
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| CN106768521B true CN106768521B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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| US4175445A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1979-11-27 | Exxon Production Research Company | Pressure sensing apparatus |
| WO2010072133A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-07-01 | 沈阳市建科仪器研究所 | On-site detector for foundation bearing capacity and filling compactness |
| CN203132748U (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-14 | 西北大学 | Soil internal stress change monitoring system in loess place immersing condition |
| CN105115634A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Cylindrical annular strain soil pressure sensor and measuring method |
| CN206479268U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-08 | 西北大学 | For loess and the forced three-dimensional soil pressure sensor of weak soil |
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2016
- 2016-12-30 CN CN201611255442.6A patent/CN106768521B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4175445A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1979-11-27 | Exxon Production Research Company | Pressure sensing apparatus |
| WO2010072133A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-07-01 | 沈阳市建科仪器研究所 | On-site detector for foundation bearing capacity and filling compactness |
| CN203132748U (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-14 | 西北大学 | Soil internal stress change monitoring system in loess place immersing condition |
| CN105115634A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Cylindrical annular strain soil pressure sensor and measuring method |
| CN206479268U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-08 | 西北大学 | For loess and the forced three-dimensional soil pressure sensor of weak soil |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 王锺琦 ; 武威 ; 黄勤达 ; 李海坤 ; 毛尚之 ; .多功能触探装置及其独特测试方法.工程勘察.2009,(第10期),全文. * |
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