CN106767777A - A kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device - Google Patents

A kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106767777A
CN106767777A CN201611017009.9A CN201611017009A CN106767777A CN 106767777 A CN106767777 A CN 106767777A CN 201611017009 A CN201611017009 A CN 201611017009A CN 106767777 A CN106767777 A CN 106767777A
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data
module
sensor
underwater robot
navigation
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CN201611017009.9A
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戴晓强
邹博
刘维亭
赵强
袁文华
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201611017009.9A priority Critical patent/CN106767777A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/10Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
    • G01C21/12Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
    • G01C21/16Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device, including inertial sensor module, photoelectric coupling module, data acquisition module, data processing module, data transmission blocks and power module, the inertial sensor module is by after the light-coupled isolation of photoelectric coupling module, transmitted to data processing module by the sampling channel of data acquisition module, externally sent by data transmission blocks by the navigation data after data processing module treatment.The present invention can not influence the work of whole system in certain sensor failure, while fault sensor can be detected, the design of multisensor redundancy effectively increases the precision of navigation data;Data are carried out using distribution map method delete choosing, data are merged with kalman filter method, improve the precision of data processing;The present invention is independent of external system and environment, entirely autonomous.

Description

A kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device
Technical field
A kind of data underwater robot airmanship of the present invention, and in particular to underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation dress Put.
Background technology
Rich in natural resources is contained in ocean, is the second space of human survival, rationally utilizes, develops and monitoring marine resources Sustainable development for human society will play huge effect.The mankind that appear as of underwater robot carry out deep-sea resources Research and development provide strong instrument.At present, the mankind are in deep-sea salvaging, resource investigation, biotic population investigation, deep-sea base Because the breakthrough acquired by the aspects such as acquisition is closely related with underwater robot.The development of underwater robot technology for Scientific research of seas serves huge impetus.At present, underwater robot is widely used in sea-going rescue with salvaging, deep-sea All many-sides such as resource investigation, marine petroleum exploitation, underwater project construction, military affairs and national defense construction, oneself is huge through generating Economic benefit and social benefit, with potential application prospect.
Accurate navigation data is the key that underwater robot performs task and track positioning, underwater robot work under water It is long to make the time, and underwater environment is complicated, is easily influenceed by factors such as ocean current, noises, and the levels of precision of navigation data decides The overall performance of underwater robot, so, the precision of underwater robot navigation data is improved to improving underwater robot performance, increasing It is significant that strong underwater robot completes task ability.Inertial navigation system is a kind of navigation for growing up 20 beginnings of the century Method, is a kind of passive system navigated by equipment of itself, and it relies primarily on newton principle of inertia, using inertia sensing The line motion in device (gyroscope, accelerometer) measurement object relative inertness space and angular movement parameter, in given primary condition Under, by the attitude parameter and navigational parameter that integrate output carrier.At present, strapdown inertial navigation technology quickly grows, and overcomes Early stage inertial navigation system volume is big, high energy consumption the shortcomings of, with the continuous research and development of optical fibre gyro, fiber strapdown formula Inertial navigation has become inertial navigation research emphasis.
The drift error of gyroscope and accelerometer is the principal element for influenceing inertial navigation system precision, inertial navigation Data are obtained by the data quadratic integral to sensor, and inertial sensor can constantly drift about over time, and these are missed Difference can be constantly run up in navigation system.The precision for improving inertial sensor is to improve the most direct method of inertial navigation system precision, And according to the development level of current inertial sensor, bringing up to enough precision will necessarily increase substantial amounts of cost.
Chinese patent (Application No. 201010559044.X) discloses a kind of small-sized underwater robot combined navigation system And air navigation aid, with reference to external GPS data, navigation information being derived according to magnetic declination database, the device navigation data precision is not Height, and cannot realize completely independent.
Chinese patent (Application No. 201410413791.0) discloses a kind of submerged structure detection robot and implements navigation System and method, dissection process is carried out to sensing data using many algorithms, but fundamentally solves sensor itself error Problem, the device cannot realize precise guidance, and algorithm is complicated, relatively costly.
Chinese patent (Application No. 201310315126.3) discloses a kind of six redundancy-types fiber strapdown inertial navigation system System, inertial sensor is distributed on hollow regular dodecahedron, with stronger impact resistance, but does not provide sensor number According to processing method, simultaneously for many ocean currents of underwater robot, the complex work environment of noise, the system cannot be supported effectively The navigation of underwater robot.
Chinese patent (Application No. 201510559788.4) discloses a kind of underwater robot inertial navigation method and is System, the main negative function using inertial sensor reverse turn, the drift to sensor is compensated, and the method is realized Difficulty is big, and can increase extra error in implementation process, although later stage algorithm can obtain certain effect, but algorithm is complicated, surely It is qualitative not high.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:It is an object of the invention to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of underwater machine Device people's redundancy inertial navigation device.
Technical scheme:A kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device of the invention, including inertial sensor mould Block, photoelectric coupling module, data acquisition module, data processing module, data transmission blocks and power module, the inertia are passed Sensor module by the sampling channel of data acquisition module by after the light-coupled isolation of photoelectric coupling module, being transmitted to data processing Module, is externally sent by the navigation data after data processing module treatment by data transmission blocks;Wherein, the inertia sensing Device module is included according to 6 three-axis gyroscopes and 6 three axis accelerometers of regular dodecahedron regular distribution, and identical sensing Device is symmetrically placed;The photoelectric coupling module is isolated to signal;The data acquisition module is made up of operational amplifier Data sampling circuit, complete the data acquisition of each sensor, the data processing module includes main process task chip, and it is right to complete Sensing data delete choosing, fusion and calculate;The data transmission blocks include RS232 data collector chips, complete to leading The timing of data of navigating sends;The power module includes insulating power supply and voltage-stabilized power supply.
Further, the gyroscope in the inertial sensor module is optical fibre gyro, and accelerometer adds for quartz flexible Speedometer, in order to improve precision, light path part and circuit part is separated.
Further, photoelectric isolating circuit is constituted by photoelectrical coupler in the photoelectric coupling module, to the letter of sensor Number isolated, it is ensured that the stability of system.
Further, the power module include voltage-stabilized power supply and insulating power supply, for system provide needed for 3.3V, ± 5V, ± 12V power supplys, each power input are connected in parallel with a capacitor and are filtered treatment, improve power quality, the ground of digital quantity and Separated with zero ohm of resistance between the ground of analog quantity.
Further, the uniformity of each data of the data processing module to receiving detects, with distribution map method, The interference of divorced value is excluded, data are merged using EKF method, using integration method to fusion institute total According to being calculated, optimal navigation data is finally obtained.
Adopted the invention also discloses a kind of processing method of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device, including data Collection, data processing and data transmission procedure, specifically include following steps:
Step one:Six gyroscopes and six data of accelerometer by after light-coupled isolation, by data acquisition module, The main process task chip of data processing module is transferred to by 6 I/O mouthfuls and 6 AD sampling channels respectively;
Step 2:In main process task chip, the data to each received sensor carry out data consistency detection, Choosing is deleted to carrying out data with profiling method, is deleted and is selected effective consistent sensing data;
Step 3:Transducer fault detection is carried out, if within the out-of-service time, the data of a certain sensor are always non-have Effect data, and data position apart from valid interval farther out, then can determine whether out the sensor failure.Out-of-service time can basis Actual conditions are adjusted;
Step 4:Data Fusion of Sensor is carried out to deleting the effective sensor data elected.It is directed to underwater robot Local environment it is non-linear, with EKF method, effective sensor data are merged;
Step 5:Data to merging gyroscope and accelerometer out, carry out navigation data calculating, obtain machine under water , finally be put into navigation data in data transmission blocks by the navigation datas such as attitude angle, speed, the position of device people, is gone here and there by RS232 Mouth circuit timing is sent out, and supply underwater robot navigation is used.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below:
(1) present invention uses multisensor redundancy, does not influence whole in the case of may be implemented in a certain sensor failure The normal work of individual system;
(2) multisensor Redundancy Design in the present invention, the data for multiple sensors carry out convergence analysis, finally give Navigation data, effectively increases the precision of navigation data;
(3) present invention carries out deleting choosing using distribution map method to data, and data are merged with kalman filter method, Improve the precision of data processing;
(4) for fail sensor, the present invention carry out data delete select when, the data of lasting failure can be analyzed Record, so as to detect fault sensor, to change;
(5) present invention can be independent of external system and environment, entirely autonomous.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is data flow figure of the invention;
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the invention;
Fig. 3 is system flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the implementation Example.As shown in figure 1, a kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device of the invention, including inertial sensor module 1, light It is electrically coupled module 2, data acquisition module 3, data processing module 4, data transmission blocks 5 and power module 6.Inertial sensor Module 1 includes 6 three-axis gyroscope sensors 11 and 6 3-axis acceleration flowmeter sensors 12.Data acquisition module 3 is main by transporting The data sampling circuit that amplifier is constituted is calculated, the collection of each sensing data is completed.Data processing module 4 includes main process task core Piece and peripheral circuits, complete to delete choosing, fusion and calculating to sensing data.Data transmission blocks 5 are by RS232 data transmit-receives Device chip is constituted, and completes to send the timing of navigation data;Power module 6 is made up of insulating power supply and voltage-stabilized power supply.
As shown in Fig. 2 the whole guider in the present invention is positioned in shell (not shown), in order to maximum reduces power supply Influence to sensor, power module 6 and the paired linea angulata of inertial sensor module 1 are placed.Inertial sensor module 1 and photoelectricity Coupling module 2 is connected, and photoelectric coupling module 2 is connected with data acquisition module 3, and data acquisition module 3 connects with data processing module 4 Connect, data processing module 4 is connected with data transmission blocks 5, power module 6 is connected with modules respectively, be that modules are carried Power supply source.
Inertial sensor module 1 is made up of 6 three-axis gyroscopes 11 and 6 three axis accelerometers 12, gyroscope with accelerate , according to regular dodecahedron regular distribution, identical sensor is symmetrically placed, and gyroscope is optical fibre gyro for degree meter, in order to improve precision, Light path part is separated with circuit part, and accelerometer is quartz flexible accelerometer.
The main photoelectric isolating circuit that is made up of photoelectrical coupler of photoelectric coupling module 2, the signal of sensor is carried out every From, it is ensured that the stability of system
Data acquisition module 3 mainly includes the data sampling circuit being made up of operational amplifier, and sensing data passes through light After being electrically coupled module 2, gather and be transferred in data processing module 4 via data acquisition module 3.
Data processing module 4 is made up of main process task chip and peripheral circuits, complete to sensing data delete choosing, fusion, Calculate.
Data transmission blocks 5 are made up of RS232 data collectors chip and peripheral circuits, complete navigation data external Send in real time.
Power module 6 is made up of voltage-stabilized power supply, insulating power supply and peripheral circuit, for system provide needed for 3.3V, ± 5V, ± 12V power supplys, each power input are connected in parallel with a capacitor and are filtered treatment, improve power quality, the ground of digital quantity and Separated with zero ohm of resistance between the ground of analog quantity.
As shown in figure 3, underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device of the invention is carrying out specific data acquisition, place When reason and transmission, 6 three-axis gyroscopes 11 and 6 sensing datas of three axis accelerometer 12 are by photoelectric coupling circuit 2 Isolation after, be transferred to data acquisition module 3, data acquisition module 3 comes data acquisition, and data are by 6 I/O mouthfuls and 6 Individual AD sampling channels are transferred in the main process task chip of data processing module 4, and data initially enter data consistency detection module 41, choosing is deleted by what data deleted modeling block 412, the preprocessed data transmission obtained after choosing is deleted in line sensor fault detect of going forward side by side To data fusion module 42, respectively by the treatment of gyro data Fusion Module 421 and accelerometer data Fusion Module 422 Afterwards, the final sensing data of gyroscope and accelerometer, this data transfer to navigation data computing module 43, difference are obtained The navigation datas such as attitude angle, speed, position are calculated, after the navigation data being calculated is transferred to data transmission blocks 5, thus Module timing is sent out.
Comprise the following steps that:
Step one:6 three-axis gyroscopes 11 and 6 data of three axis accelerometer 12, by photoelectric coupling module 2 every From rear, by data acquisition module 3, main process task chip 4 is transferred to by 6 I/O mouthfuls and 6 AD sampling channels respectively, collection Gyroscope 11 and accelerometer 12 are respectively ω in the angular speed in tri- directions of X, Y, Z and the data of accelerationi=[ωxiyi, ωzi] (i=1,2 ..., 6), ai=[axi,ayi,azi] (i=1,2 ..., 6).
Step 2:In main process task chip 4, the data to each received sensor carry out data consistency detection 41, carry out distribution map method data and delete to select 412, to delete and select effective consistent sensing data, detailed process is as follows:
With 6 data instances of gyroscope 11, the data that a certain moment is transferred to main process task chip 4 are ω1, ω2..., ω6, it is 3-dimensional vector, corresponding norm is Yi, then
By YiY is arranged according to ascending order1, Y2..., Y6, then Y1, Y6It is high-low limit value, median M=(Y3 +Y4)/2, lower quartile F1=(Y1+ M)/2, upper quartile Fu=(M+Y6)/2, quartile dispersion is dF=F1+Fu, Superseded point spacing up and down can then be obtained is:
β is constant in formula, can be debugged according to practical application.Then, if sensing data is in [ρ12] interval interior, As valid data.The acquisition methods of the valid data of accelerometer 12 are similar.
Step 3:Carry out Transducer fault detection 411.If within the out-of-service time, the data of a certain sensor are always Non-effective data, and data position apart from valid interval farther out, then can determine whether out the sensor failure, and externally make and carrying Show.Out-of-service time can adjust according to actual conditions.
Step 4:Data Fusion of Sensor 42 is carried out to deleting the effective sensor data elected.It is directed to underwater People's local environment it is non-linear, with EKF method, effective sensor data are merged.First carry out top Spiral shell instrument data fusion 421, detailed process is as follows:
Assuming that the state model of nonlinear time-varying stochastic system is
X (t+1)=f (t, x (t))+G (t, x (t)) u (t)+T (t) v (t)
Y (t+1)=h (t+1) x (t+1)+D (t+1) b (t+1)+e (t+1)
Wherein, X ∈ Rn, input u ∈ Rq, output y ∈ Rm, sensor bias b ∈ Rl, nonlinear function f:Rn→Rn, G ∈ Rn ×q, h:Rn→Rm, D ∈ Rm×l, T ∈ Rn×p, system noise v ∈ Rp, measurement noise e ∈ Rm, v, e are uncorrelated and only with X (0) statistics It is vertical.
Data fusion is carried out to pretreated valid data, the error that measurement noise is caused, optimal filter are only considered herein Wave equation is
Wherein, K is Kalman filtering gain,
Wherein, the primary condition of recursion equation is
Assuming that the effective data of gyroscope 11 are X1, X2..., X6Then, the state to be estimated is
Xi=x+ei(i=1,2 ..., 6)
Wherein, eiIt is varianceZero-mean gaussian stochastic variable.
Then, the result of final data fusion is
Wherein,
The process of 12 data fusion of accelerometer 422 is identical with gyroscope 11 data fusion, 421 processes, is not repeated.
Step 5:Final navigation data is carried out to the data of fusion gyroscope 11 out and accelerometer 12 to calculate 43, the navigation datas such as attitude angle, speed, the position of underwater robot are obtained by integral, integration method used is It is frequently-used data computational methods, is not repeated herein.Finally, navigation data is put into data transmission blocks 5, by RS232 Serial port circuit timing is sent out, and supply underwater robot navigation is used.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device, it is characterised in that:Including inertial sensor module, light thermocouple Matched moulds block, data acquisition module, data processing module, data transmission blocks and power module, the inertial sensor module By after the light-coupled isolation of photoelectric coupling module, being transmitted to data processing module, warp by the sampling channel of data acquisition module The navigation data crossed after data processing module treatment is externally sent by data transmission blocks;
Wherein, the inertial sensor module is included according to 6 three-axis gyroscopes and 6 three axles of regular dodecahedron regular distribution Accelerometer, and identical sensor is symmetrically placed;The photoelectric coupling module is isolated to signal;The data acquisition module Block is the data sampling circuit being made up of operational amplifier, completes the data acquisition of each sensor, the data processing module Including main process task chip, complete to delete choosing, fusion and calculating to sensing data;The data transmission blocks include RS232 numbers According to transponder chip, complete to send the timing of navigation data;The power module includes insulating power supply and voltage-stabilized power supply.
2. underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The inertia is passed Gyroscope in sensor module is optical fibre gyro, and light path part is separated with circuit part, and accelerometer is quartz flexible Accelerometer.
3. underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The smooth thermocouple Photoelectric isolating circuit is constituted by photoelectrical coupler in matched moulds block, the signal to sensor is isolated.
4. underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The power supply mould Block includes voltage-stabilized power supply and insulating power supply, 3.3V, ± 5V, ± 12V power supplys for needed for system is provided, and each power input is simultaneously One electric capacity of connection is filtered treatment, raising power quality, with zero ohm of resistance between the ground of digital quantity and the ground of analog quantity Separate.
5. underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Data processing mould The uniformity of each data of the block to receiving is detected, with distribution map method, the interference of exclusion divorced value, using expansion card Kalman Filtering method is merged to data, and fusion the data obtained is calculated using integration method, finally obtains optimal navigation Data.
6. a kind for the treatment of of the underwater robot redundancy inertial navigation device based on described in claim 1 to 5 any one Method, it is characterised in that:Including data acquisition, data processing and data transmission procedure, following steps are specifically included:
Step one:6 gyroscopes and 6 data of accelerometer, by after the isolation of photoelectric coupling module, by data acquisition Module, is transferred to the main process task chip of data processing module by 6 I/O mouthfuls and 6 AD sampling channels respectively;
Step 2:In main process task chip, the data to each received sensor carry out data consistency detection, use Profiling method deletes choosing to carrying out data, deletes and selects effective consistent sensing data;
Step 3:Transducer fault detection is carried out, if within the out-of-service time, the data of a certain sensor are always non-effective number According to, and data position apart from valid interval farther out, then can determine whether out the sensor failure.Out-of-service time can be according to reality Situation is adjusted;
Step 4:Data Fusion of Sensor is carried out to deleting the effective sensor data elected.It is directed to residing for underwater robot Environment it is non-linear, with EKF method, effective sensor data are merged;
Step 5:Data to merging gyroscope and accelerometer out, carry out navigation data calculating, obtain underwater robot The navigation data such as attitude angle, speed, position, finally navigation data is put into data transmission blocks, by RS232 serial port powers Road timing is sent out, and supply underwater robot navigation is used.
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CN108037677A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-15 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 The fault self-recovery semi-physical emulation platform that hides for South Pole astronomical telescope
CN108225313A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 Navigation attitude instrument based on redundancy MEMS sensor
CN109144091A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-01-04 广州极飞科技有限公司 A kind of flight controller and unmanned vehicle
CN109596119A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-04-09 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 Ship craft integrated PNT system and its monitoring method based on adaptive information fusion
CN110383186A (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-10-25 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 A kind of emulation mode and device of unmanned plane
CN112419402A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-26 广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局 Positioning method and system based on multispectral image and laser point cloud

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CN112419402A (en) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-26 广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局 Positioning method and system based on multispectral image and laser point cloud

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Application publication date: 20170531

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