CN106766671A - 一种新型撬装式加气站bog液化系统 - Google Patents
一种新型撬装式加气站bog液化系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,该系统包括:开式自循环液化循环和混合制冷剂液化循环;其中开式自循环液化循环由BOG压缩机、BOG控制阀门、LNG低温泵、LNG和BOG混合器、LNG储罐组成,混合制冷剂液化循环由BOG液化模块、混合制冷剂循环模块组成,混合制冷剂循环模块共包括两个压缩机、两个冷凝器、三个节流装置、两个气液分离器和三个LNG换热器;当LNG储罐中LNG的过冷度大于3℃时,系统只启用开式自循环液化循环,当LNG过冷度小于3℃时,只启用混合制冷剂液化循环。本发明中的撬装式加气站BOG液化系统流程简单、能耗低、启动快、成撬性强、维护及安装方便,系统中的两个循环能适应不同LNG工况,推广应用价值高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工与低温工程技术领域,具体涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统。
背景技术
我国天然气加气站以每年500座的速度增长,加气站中都是应用LNG储罐对LNG进行储存。常压下,LNG的储存温度低至-162℃左右,在加气站LNG的储存过程中,不论是储罐还是管线,都不可能做到绝对的热绝缘,在内外巨大温差的推动下,LNG储存系统持续漏热,这些热量促使LNG蒸发为气体(Boil-Off Gas,简称BOG)。但受条件限制,加气站的BOG无法进入管网,无条件转化为CNG,外输CNG不便、只能放空,产生巨大的资源浪费、安全隐患和环境污染。
现有的天然气液化工艺主要是针对基于负荷型天然气液化工厂而设计的,我国还比较缺乏针对加气站BOG而单独设计的液化流程。致使加气站有许多问题,如:BOG回收进不了管网,现场无CNG高压储罐,外输CNG不便的回收利用问题。
发明内容
针对以上所述问题,本发明提供了一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,该系统具有流程简单、能耗低、启动快、设备成撬性强、维护及安装方便等优点。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述系统包括:开式自循环液化循环和混合制冷剂液化循环。其中开式自循环液化循环由BOG压缩机(19)、BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(21)、LNG分流器(17)、LNG低温泵(16)、LNG和BOG混合器(15)、LNG储罐(18)组成;混合制冷剂液化循环由BOG液化模块、混合制冷剂循环模块组成,BOG液化模块包括BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(22)、低温液化冷箱(13)和LNG储罐(18);混合制冷剂循环模块包括第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)、第一级制冷剂冷凝器(2)、第一级气液分离器(3)、第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷凝器(5)、第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)、预冷换热器(7)、第一级节流装置(9)、第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)、中温换热器(10)、第二级节流装置(12)、第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)、LNG低温液化冷箱(13)、第三级节流装置(14),混合制冷剂循环模块所用制冷剂为混合制冷剂。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述BOG控制阀门(21)和BOG控制阀门(22)模块中,当LNG过冷度大于3℃时,BOG控制阀门(22)关闭,只开启BOG控制阀门(21),即此时只启用开式自循环制冷液化系统;当LNG过冷度小于3℃时,BOG控制阀门(21)关闭,只开启BOG控制阀门(22),即此时只启用混合制冷剂液化循环系统。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述开式自循环模块中,LNG经LNG低温泵(16)增压后具有更大过冷度,其与经BOG压缩机(19)增压后的高压BOG在LNG和BOG混合器(15)中混合吸收后重新返回LNG储罐(18)。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述BOG液化模块由BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(22)、低温液化冷箱(13)和LNG储罐(18)依次相连。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述混合制冷剂循环模块中第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)、第一级制冷剂冷却器(2)、第一级气液分离器(3)的进口依次相连,所述第一级气液分离器(3)的气相出口与第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷却器(5)和第二级冷凝器(6)进口依次相连;所述第一级气液分离器(3)的液相出口经预冷冷箱(7)冷却后经第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的气相出口经三级换热器降温后再经第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的液相出口经预冷换热器(7)和中温换热器(10)降温后经第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)节流回流。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的入口为第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)的出口和第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量后的出口;所述第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的入口为第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)的出口和第三级混合器(14)出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量后的出口。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)的出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量,第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量,第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的出口为预冷换热器(7)提供冷量。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述LNG储存过冷度为8℃。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,混合制冷剂循环模块中,所述混合制冷剂原料由C1、C2、C3、C4、C5碳氢化合物和N2混合组成。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,有效地将BOG利用LNG过冷度自循环液化和利用混合制冷剂循环液化工艺结合在一起,大大降低到了系统能耗,且具有较好的成撬性。
本发明涉及一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,利用油气行业通用性很强的HYSYS软件进行模拟计算,利用同等状态的液氮蒸发气进行实验验证。
附图说明
附图1为新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统工艺流程图。
其中:1-第一级制冷剂压缩机,2-第一级制冷剂冷凝器,3-第一级气液分离器,4-第二级制冷剂压缩机,5-第二级制冷剂冷凝器,6-第二级制冷剂气液分离器,7-预冷换热器,8-第一级混合器,9-第一级节流装置,10-中温换热器,11-第二级混合器,12-第二级节流装置,13- LNG低温液化冷箱,14-第三级节流装置,15- LNG和BOG混合器,16- LNG低温泵,17- LNG分流器,18- LNG储罐,19-BOG压缩机,20- BOG分流器,21- BOG控制阀门,22-BOG控制阀门。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,如附图1所示,该系统包括开式自循环液化循环和混合制冷剂液化循环。
本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述BOG控制阀门(21)和BOG控制阀门(22)模块中,当LNG过冷度大于3℃时,BOG控制阀门(22)关闭,只开启BOG控制阀门(21),即此时只启用开式自循环制冷液化系统;当LNG过冷度小于3℃时,BOG控制阀门(21)关闭,只开启BOG控制阀门(22),即此时只启用混合制冷剂液化循环系统。
本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述BOG液化模块包括BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(22)、低温液化冷箱(13)和LNG储罐(18)依次相连。
本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述开式自循环模块中,LNG经LNG低温泵(16)增压后具有更大过冷度,其与经BOG压缩机(19)增压后的高压BOG在LNG和BOG混合器(15)中混合吸收后重新返回LNG储罐(18)。
本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,所述混合制冷剂循环模块中第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)、第一级制冷剂冷却器(2)、第一级气液分离器(3)的进口依次相连,所述第一级气液分离器(3)的气相出口与第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷却器(5)和第二级冷凝器(6)进口依次相连;所述第一级气液分离器(3)的液相出口经预冷冷箱(7)冷却后经第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的气相出口经三级换热器降温后再经第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的液相出口经预冷换热器(7)和中温换热器(10)降温后经第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)节流回流。所述第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的入口为第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)的出口和第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量后的出口;所述第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的入口为第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)的出口和第三级混合器(14)出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量后的出口。所述第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)的出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量,第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量,第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的出口为预冷换热器(7)提供冷量。
应用本发明的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统的方法具体见以下实施例。
BOG摩尔组分92% CH4+1% C2H6+2% C3H8+5 % N2,BOG压力900Kpa,温度-120℃、流量8. 92kmol/h,新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统运行的具体步骤如下。
当LNG储罐中LNG的过冷度大于3℃时,系统只启用开式自循环液化循环,当LNG过冷度小于3℃时,只启用混合制冷剂液化循环。
1、系统启动开式自循环液化循环时,BOG控制阀门(21)打开,BOG经BOG压缩机19压缩为1020Kpa,经分流器(20)进入系统,同时LNG低温泵(16)从LNG储罐(18)中抽取LNG过冷液(流量9.82kmol/h)进行增压为1000Kpa过冷液体,与来自BOG控制阀门(21)的气态在混合器(15)中进行混合,将气态液化后返回LNG储罐(18),从而LNG过冷度减小。
2、 随着LNG过冷度减小,当过冷度小于3℃时,系统进入混合制冷剂液化循环系统,高压BOG气体经低温液化冷箱(13)冷凝液化为-162℃,960Kpa过冷LNG。
3、 步骤2,混合制冷剂液化循环中,混合制冷剂(3-1)经过两级压缩压缩至3178Kpa,每一级压缩机后均设置冷却器,用以冷却压缩后的混合制冷剂。第一级压缩后的混合制冷剂(3-2)流入第一级制冷剂冷却器(2)冷却到25℃,出现气液两相,两相流体进入第一级气液分离器(3)分离为气相和液相两部分。其中液相部分(3-8)进入预冷换热器(7)进一步过冷后经节流装置减压节流降温到-54.46℃,然后流入第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8),反流(3-22)温度为-61.8℃为预冷换热器(7)提供冷量;气相(3-4)部分依次经第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷却器(5)冷却到35℃,出现气液两相,两相流体进入第二级气液分离器(6)分离为气相和液相两部分,其中液相部分(3-9)依次进入预冷换热器(7)和中温换热器(10)进一步过冷后(温度为)经节流装置减压节流降温到-104.1℃,然后流入第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11),反流(3-20)温度为-121.3℃为中温换热器(10)提供冷量;气相(3-7)部分依次进入预冷换热器(7)、中温换热器(10)和低温液化冷箱(13)进一步过冷后经节流装置减压节流降温到-165.9℃,然后反流(3-18)为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量。回流(3-1)进入第一级制冷剂压缩机(1),完成混合制冷剂循环。
4、第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)将混合制冷剂(3-1)压缩到1200Kpa,第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)将混合制冷剂(3-3)压缩到3178Kpa,预冷换热器(7)将混合制冷剂冷却到-50℃,中温换热器(10)将混合制冷剂冷却到-103℃,低温液化冷箱(13)混合制冷剂冷却到-162℃。
第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)后节流压力为261Kpa,第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)后节流压力为275Kpa,第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)后节流压力为288Kpa。
Claims (9)
1.一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,该系统包括开式自循环液化循环和混合制冷剂液化循环;其中开式自循环液化循环由BOG压缩机(19)、BOG分流器(20)、BOGBOG控制阀门(21)、LNG分流器(17)、LNG低温泵(16)、LNG和BOG混合器(15)、LNG储罐(18)组成;混合制冷剂液化循环由BOG液化模块、混合制冷剂循环模块组成,BOG液化模块包括BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(22)、低温液化冷箱(13)和LNG储罐(18);混合制冷剂循环模块包括第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)、第一级制冷剂冷凝器(2)、第一级气液分离器(3)、第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷凝器(5)、第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)、预冷换热器(7)、第一级节流装置(9)、第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)、中温换热器(10)、第二级节流装置(12)、第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)、LNG低温液化冷箱(13)、第三级节流装置(14),混合制冷剂循环模块所用制冷剂为混合制冷剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,当LNG储罐中LNG的过冷度大于3℃时,系统只启用开式自循环液化循环,当LNG过冷度小于3℃时,只启用混合制冷剂液化循环。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述开式自循环液化循环中,包括LNG低温泵,其与BOG压缩机(19)和高压LNG和BOG混合器(15)依次连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述BOG液化模块由BOG分流器(20)、BOG控制阀门(22)、低温液化冷箱(13)和LNG储罐(18)依次相连。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述混合制冷剂循环模块中第一级制冷剂压缩机(1)、第一级制冷剂冷却器(2)、第一级气液分离器(3)的进口依次相连,所述第一级气液分离器(3)的气相出口与第二级制冷剂压缩机(4)、第二级制冷剂冷却器(5)和第二级气液分离器(6)进口依次相连;所述第一级气液分离器(3)的液相出口经预冷冷箱(7)冷却后经第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的气相出口经三级换热器降温后再经第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)节流回流;所述第二级制冷剂气液分离器(6)的液相出口经预冷换热器(7)和中温换热器(10)降温后经第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)节流回流。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的入口为第一级混合制冷剂节流阀(9)的出口和第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量后的出口;所述第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的入口为第二级混合制冷剂节流阀(12)的出口和第三级混合器(14)出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量后的出口。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述第三级混合制冷剂节流阀(14)的出口为低温液化冷箱(13)提供冷量,第二级混合制冷剂混合器(11)的出口为中温换热器(10)提供冷量,第一级混合制冷剂混合器(8)的出口为预冷换热器(7)提供冷量。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述LNG储存过冷度为8℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型撬装式加气站BOG液化系统,其特征在于,所述混合制冷剂循环模块中的混合制冷剂由C1、C2、C3、C4、C5碳氢化合物和N2混合而成。
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