CN106765009B - Continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator and method for comprehensively recovering waste heat of flue gas - Google Patents
Continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator and method for comprehensively recovering waste heat of flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106765009B CN106765009B CN201710008223.6A CN201710008223A CN106765009B CN 106765009 B CN106765009 B CN 106765009B CN 201710008223 A CN201710008223 A CN 201710008223A CN 106765009 B CN106765009 B CN 106765009B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
- F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator and a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat. The invention discloses a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first heat accumulating chamber, a second heat accumulating chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulating chamber and the second heat accumulating chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulating layer from outside to inside, the second heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulating layer from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulating chamber, the combustion chamber is communicated with a heat pipe heat exchanging area, a flue gas outlet is arranged outside the heat pipe heat exchanging area, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe cluster consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchanging area. The continuous heat accumulating and burning technology of the steam generator provided by the invention has the advantages that the gas burning is complete, the smoke discharging is smooth, and the heat efficiency is improved through the heat exchanging technology of the heat pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam generators, in particular to a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator and a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat, which can be applied to various gas boilers.
Background
The industrial field has extremely large demand for steam, and in terms of the prior art, steam is mainly generated by a steam boiler, and the traditional steam boiler directly heats a boiler barrel to generate steam mainly by heat generated by burning fuel in a hearth. The efficiency of the existing gas steam boiler is mostly not higher than 90%, the smoke discharging temperature is high, the temperature is mostly higher than 150 ℃, and the waste heat is not fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a continuous heat storage combustion gas heat pipe steam generator and a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat. The steam generator can safely and reliably generate steam or produce hot water or heating medium oil for a long time, can fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the discharged flue gas, reduce heat loss and improve the heat efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first heat accumulating chamber, a second heat accumulating chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulating chamber and the second heat accumulating chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, a first heat preserving layer and a first heat accumulating layer are sequentially arranged on the first heat accumulating chamber from outside to inside, a second heat preserving layer and a second heat accumulating layer are sequentially arranged on the second heat accumulating chamber from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulating chamber, the combustion chamber is communicated with a heat pipe heat exchanging area, a flue gas outlet is arranged outside the heat pipe heat exchanging area, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchanging area; the first four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second heat storage chamber, the first smoke exhaust pipeline and the air pipeline, and the second four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second smoke exhaust pipeline and the combustion air pipeline; combustion-supporting air loops through air duct and first cross switching-over valve, through first regenerator, combustion-supporting air gets into the combustion chamber through second cross switching-over valve after being heated by first heat accumulation layer, and gas gets into combustion chamber and combustion-supporting air mix in the combustion chamber through gas pipeline, and the flue gas after the burning flows between the heat pipe through the flue gas guide plate in the heat pipe heat transfer area, and the flue gas after heat transfer of heat pipe heat transfer area gets into second regenerator through second cross switching-over valve, heats second heat accumulation layer, rethread first cross switching-over valve, draws forth through first exhaust pipe, first exhaust pipe cup joints for hot water piping and flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline set up in the inside of hot water piping.
In the first half period, combustion air sequentially passes through the air pipeline and the first four-way reversing valve, passes through the heat storage material in the first heat storage chamber, is heated by the heat storage material which is already heated, and then enters the combustion chamber through the second four-way reversing valve, wherein the heated temperature of the air is about 300 ℃. The gas enters the combustion chamber through the gas pipeline and is mixed with air to burn in the combustion chamber, the hot flue gas after burning is below 1000 ℃, the flue gas flows between the heat pipes through the flue gas guide plate, the contact time between the flue gas and the heat pipes can be prolonged through baffling, the fins are arranged outside the part of the heat pipes, the heat exchange area can be enlarged, and compared with the light pipe of the traditional boiler, the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, so that the equipment with the same power can be more compact. In the invention, the first four-way reversing valve is a low-temperature four-way valve, and the second four-way reversing valve is a high-temperature four-way valve.
After heat exchange in the heat pipe heat exchange area, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 350 ℃, then the flue gas enters the second heat accumulation chamber through the high-temperature four-way valve to heat the internal heat accumulation material, then the flue gas is led out through the low-temperature four-way valve through the smoke exhaust fan, the first smoke exhaust pipeline is sleeved with a hot water pipeline and a flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline, the flue gas waste heat is further recovered by boiler water, and the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to about 50 ℃; a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area according to different heating loads, the upper parts of the heat pipes are arranged in the steam generator, and the lower parts of the heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area.
According to the invention, the high-temperature four-way valve and the low-temperature four-way valve act simultaneously, so that continuous supply of high-temperature air required by combustion of the burner can be ensured, and meanwhile, the flow direction in the high-temperature flue can be ensured to be unchanged, and therefore, for a dirty gas boiler which uses clean gas such as natural gas as fuel, such as producer flue gas or biomass gas, the waste heat recovery can be effectively performed after high-temperature dust removal in a high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
The continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator has the outstanding characteristics that: (1) The exhaust gas temperature is low, and the exhaust gas waste heat including the vaporization latent heat of the steam in the exhaust gas can be fully recovered, so that the heat efficiency can be improved to more than 95%; (2) Fins are added on the flue gas heating side of the heat pipe, so that the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, and the volume of equipment can be reduced; (3) The heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipes is high, the damage of a single heat pipe in the system can not cause the stop of the whole system, and the service life of equipment is long; (4) The heat storage material has large specific surface area and small resistance loss, can form an enclosure structure according to specific conditions, has small equipment volume and good heat exchange effect; (5) The flame temperature is controlled to be about 1000 ℃, and the generation of thermal NOx is restrained.
The arrangement of the low-temperature four-way valve and the high-temperature four-way valve enables the flue gas and the air to be freely switched between an air pipeline and a smoke exhaust pipeline, water and the flue gas exchange heat in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator; meanwhile, the arrangement of the two four-way valves enables the steam generator to realize continuous heat accumulation combustion, so that the fuel gas is combusted fully, the final heat efficiency can reach more than 95%, and the flue gas recovery rate can reach more than 99%.
The steam generator provided by the invention can safely and reliably generate steam for a long time, can fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas, reduce heat loss and improve the heat efficiency.
Preferably, the thickness of the first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer is respectively 150-200 mm, and the section width of the first heat storage layer and the section width of the second heat storage layer are respectively 100-150 mm. The total height and the structural form of the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are calculated according to the power of the equipment. The specific surface area of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer is 1000m 2 /m 3 Left and right.
Preferably, the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are selected from one of ceramic pellets, honeycomb ceramics or metal honeycomb ceramics. The heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer may be the same heat storage material or different heat storage materials, as long as they can achieve the same heat storage effect. Air and smoke flow stably in the heat storage layer, so that the heat storage layer heats the air and the smoke heats the heat storage layer.
Preferably, the flue gas guide plates are alternately arranged in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe, so that the movement track of the flue gas is S-shaped. The design of the flue gas guide plate prolongs the contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe absorbs more heat.
Preferably, the lower end of the heat pipe is provided with fins for increasing the heat absorption area, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
Preferably, a steam pipeline for discharging steam is arranged at the top of the steam generator. The steam pipeline is used for timely discharging steam generated in the steam generator.
Preferably, the outside of the steam generator is provided with a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the steam generator, a pressure sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the steam generator and a safety valve for ensuring the safety of the steam generator.
The interior of the heat pipe keeps a certain vacuum degree according to different heating processes. The evaporation of the working medium in the pipe can be realized at a lower temperature, after the working medium is treated, the precipitation of non-condensable gases such as hydrogen at high temperature and high pressure can be effectively inhibited, the precipitated hydrogen can be gasified into water, the internal vacuum degree is ensured, and the service life of the heat pipe can be prolonged. The working medium in the pipe can be selected according to actual conditions, so long as the required effect can be achieved.
The invention further aims at providing a method for comprehensively recovering the flue gas waste heat of a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Air is sent into a first four-way reversing valve by an air blower, and sequentially passes through a first pipeline, a first heat accumulation chamber, a fourth pipeline, a second four-way reversing valve and an air pipeline to enter a combustor, wherein in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ from the ambient temperature by a first heat accumulation layer in the first heat accumulation chamber, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the combustor through a fuel gas pipeline to be mixed and combusted with the air; the flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe after passing through the heat exchange area of the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to a flue gas outlet under the guidance of a flue gas guide plate to enter a second smoke exhaust pipeline, then enters a second heat storage layer through a second four-way reversing valve and a third pipeline in sequence and undergoes heat exchange, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the flue gas sequentially passes through the second pipeline and a first four-way reversing valve, in the process, the flue gas waste heat is stored in the second heat storage layer, the flue gas is sent into a first smoke exhaust pipeline by an induced draft fan, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats water in a hot water pipeline, the water in the hot water pipeline enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(2) The air is sent into a first four-way reversing valve by an air blower, and sequentially passes through a second pipeline, a second heat accumulation chamber, a third pipeline, the second four-way reversing valve and an air pipeline to reach a burner, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by a second heat accumulation layer in the second heat accumulation chamber from the ambient temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the burner by a fuel gas pipeline to be mixed and combusted with the air; the flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe after passing through the heat exchange area of the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to the flue gas outlet and gets into second exhaust pipe under the guide of flue gas guide plate, then get into first heat accumulation layer and take place the heat exchange through second four-way switching-over valve and fourth pipeline in proper order, the temperature of flue gas reduces, the flue gas passes through first pipeline and first four-way switching-over valve in proper order, in this process, the flue gas waste heat is held in first heat accumulation layer, send into first exhaust pipe with the flue gas by the draught fan, the flue gas in the exhaust pipe heats the water in the hot water pipeline, the water in the hot water pipeline gets into steam generator through hot water pipeline, the temperature of flue gas further reduces, in the atmospheric environment of discharging.
(3) And (3) repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and circularly carrying out to realize comprehensive recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The steam generator provided by the invention adopts a continuous heat accumulation combustion technology, so that the fuel gas is combusted fully, and the smoke is discharged smoothly;
(2) The heat efficiency is improved through the high-efficiency heat exchange technology of the heat pipe;
(3) The heat storage material is used for recycling the heat limit of the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced, therefore, the heat efficiency is very high, the final heat efficiency of the system can reach more than 95%, and the temperature of the flue gas is not more than 30 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a blower; 2. an air duct; 3. a low temperature four-way valve; 4. a first pipe; 5. a second pipe; 6. an induced draft fan; 7. a water inlet pipe; 8. a hot water pipe; 9. a first smoke exhaust duct; 10. a hot water delivery pipe; 11. a second heat-insulating layer; 12. a second heat storage layer; 13. a third conduit; 14. a flue gas outlet; 15. a second smoke exhaust duct; 16. a flue gas deflector; 17. a hot air duct; 18. a high temperature four-way valve; 19. a valve; 20. a gas pipeline; 21. a burner; 22. a fourth conduit; 23. a first heat storage layer; 24. a temperature sensor; 25. a pressure sensor; 26. a safety valve; 27. a pressure vessel; 28. a heat pipe; 29. a heat pipe heat exchange area; 30. a steam pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
The continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first heat accumulating chamber, a second heat accumulating chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulating chamber and the second heat accumulating chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulating layer from outside to inside, the second heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulating layer from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulating chamber, the combustion chamber is communicated with a heat pipe heat exchange area, a flue gas outlet is arranged outside the heat pipe heat exchange area, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area; the first four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second heat storage chamber, the first smoke exhaust pipeline and the air pipeline, and the second four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second smoke exhaust pipeline and the combustion air pipeline; combustion-supporting air loops through air duct and first cross switching-over valve, through first regenerator, combustion-supporting air gets into the combustion chamber through second cross switching-over valve after being heated by first heat accumulation layer, gas gets into the combustion chamber through gas pipeline and mixes combustion air in the combustion chamber with the combustion-supporting air, the flue gas after the burning flows between the heat pipe through the flue gas guide plate in the heat pipe heat transfer area, flue gas after heat transfer of heat pipe heat transfer area gets into second regenerator through second cross switching-over valve, heat second heat accumulation layer, rethread first cross switching-over valve, draw forth through first exhaust pipe, first exhaust pipe is hot water piping and flue gas pipeline cup joints, the flue gas pipeline sets up in hot water piping's inside. In the invention, the first four-way reversing valve is a low-temperature four-way valve, and the second four-way reversing valve is a high-temperature four-way valve.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator.
The invention provides a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline 2, a gas pipeline 20, a low-temperature four-way valve 3, a high-temperature four-way valve 18, a first heat accumulating chamber, a second heat accumulating chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulating chamber and the second heat accumulating chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulating layer 23 from outside to inside, the second heat accumulating chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer 11 and a second heat accumulating layer 12 from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulating chamber, the combustion chamber is communicated with a heat pipe heat exchange region 29, a flue gas outlet 14 is arranged outside the heat pipe heat exchange region 29, and a flue gas guide plate 16 and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes 28 are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange region 29; the low-temperature four-way valve 3 is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second heat storage chamber, the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9 and the air pipeline, and the high-temperature four-way valve 18 is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second smoke exhaust pipeline 15 and the combustion air pipeline; combustion air sequentially passes through the air pipeline 2 and the low-temperature four-way valve 3, the combustion air is heated by the first heat accumulation layer 23 and then enters the combustion chamber through the high-temperature four-way valve 18, fuel gas enters the combustion chamber through the fuel gas pipeline 20 and is mixed with the combustion air to be combusted in the combustion chamber, combusted flue gas flows between the heat pipes 28 through the flue gas guide plates 16 in the heat pipe heat exchange areas 29, the flue gas subjected to heat exchange through the heat pipe heat exchange areas 29 enters the second heat accumulation chamber through the high-temperature four-way valve 18, the second heat accumulation layer 12 is heated, the low-temperature four-way valve 3 is led out through the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9 is sleeved with the hot water pipeline 8 and the flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline 8, and water in the hot water pipeline 8 is supplied through the water inlet pipeline 7. The upper portion of the heat pipe 28 is disposed inside the steam generator and the lower portion is disposed inside the heat pipe heat exchange area 29. The hot water pipeline 8 is sleeved with the flue gas pipeline, so that water and flue gas are subjected to heat exchange in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator.
In this embodiment, the heat pipes 28 are uniformly and vertically arranged in the heat exchange area 29, and the contact time between the flue gas and the heat pipes is prolonged by the flue gas guide plate 16. The evaporation side of the heat pipe absorbs heat in the flue gas, and the heat transfer is completed by releasing heat in the boiler barrel through the heat release condensation section.
The steam generator may be a pressure vessel, a boiler or any vessel for storing steam as will occur to those of skill in the art, and may be used to produce steam, hot water, heating medium, etc., and in this embodiment is a pressure vessel 27. The pressure vessel 27 is provided externally with a temperature sensor 24 for monitoring the temperature inside the pressure vessel, a pressure sensor 25 for monitoring the pressure inside the pressure vessel, and a safety valve 26 for securing the pressure vessel.
The arrangement of the low-temperature four-way valve 3 and the high-temperature four-way valve 18 enables the flue gas and air to be freely switched between the air pipeline 2 and the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9, water and the flue gas exchange heat in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator; meanwhile, the arrangement of the two four-way valves enables the steam generator to realize continuous heat accumulation combustion, so that the fuel gas is combusted fully, the final heat efficiency can reach more than 95%, and the flue gas recovery rate can reach more than 98%. The four-way valve may be a two-position four-way valve or a three-position four-way valve, which can meet the requirement that the flue gas and the air can be freely switched between the first pipeline 4 and the second pipeline 5 or between the third pipeline 13 and the fourth pipeline 22, and in the embodiment, the high-temperature four-way valve and the low-temperature four-way valve are both two-position four-way valves.
The heat storage material of the first heat storage layer 23 and the second heat storage layer 12 is selected from one of ceramic pellets, honeycomb ceramics, or metal honeycomb ceramics. The heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer 23 and the second heat storage layer 12 may be the same heat storage material or different heat storage materials, which can exert the same effect. In the device, the first heat storage layer and the first heat preservation layer are used as a furnace wall together, or the second heat storage layer and the second heat preservation layer are used as a furnace wall together, and the specific surface area can reach 1000 cubes per square because the heat storage material has a large heat exchange area, so that the volume of the equipment can be effectively reduced on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange effect. Compared with the traditional boiler, the finned tube replaces a light tube, the heat exchange area is increased by 8-10 times, and the equipment space can be further reduced while the heat exchange effect is ensured. Air and smoke flow stably in the heat storage layer, so that the heat storage layer heats the air and the smoke heats the heat storage row. The first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer 11 are ceramic fiber felts, the thicknesses of the first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer 11 are respectively 150-200 mm, the cross section widths of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively 100-150 mm, and the total height and the structural form of the heat storage material are respectively calculated according to the power of equipment. The first heat preservation makes the heat that first heat accumulation mechanism stored be difficult to distribute away, and the second heat preservation makes the heat that second heat accumulation mechanism stored be difficult to distribute away.
The top of the steam generator is provided with a steam pipe 30 for discharging steam. The steam pipe 30 is used to timely discharge the steam generated in the steam generator.
A plurality of flue gas guide plates 16 are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area 29, and the flue gas guide plates 16 are alternately arranged in a flue of the heat pipe heat exchange area 29, so that the movement track of the flue gas is S-shaped. The design of the flue gas deflector 16 prolongs the contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe absorbs more heat. The number of the flue gas guide plates 16 can be set according to actual needs, and in this embodiment, the number of the flue gas guide plates is 3, so that the effect of flue gas recovery can be achieved.
The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat of a continuous heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Air is sent into an air pipeline 2 by a blower 1, firstly passes through a low-temperature four-way valve 3, then sequentially passes through a first pipeline 4, a first heat storage layer 23, a fourth pipeline 22, a high-temperature four-way valve 18 and a hot air pipeline 17, and reaches a combustor 21 to enter a combustion chamber, and in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the first heat storage layer 23 from the ambient temperature; meanwhile, the fuel gas is mixed and combusted with air by a fuel gas pipeline 20 through a valve 19 and a combustor 21; the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe 28 and is transmitted to the pressure vessel 27 to heat the aquatic steam, when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline 30, and meanwhile, the flue gas moves to the flue gas outlet 14 according to the S track under the guidance of the flue gas guide plate 16, so that the contact time with the heat pipe 28 is prolonged, and the heat pipe 28 absorbs more heat; the flue gas enters a second smoke exhaust pipeline 15 from a flue gas outlet 14, heat exchange is carried out by passing through a high-temperature four-way valve 18, a third pipeline 13 and a second heat storage layer 12 in sequence, the second heat storage layer 12 absorbs heat of the flue gas, the temperature is increased, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the flue gas enters a low-temperature four-way valve 3 through a second pipeline 5, in the process, the waste heat of the flue gas is stored in the second heat storage layer 12, the flue gas is cooled, the temperature is reduced to about 100 ℃ from 320 ℃, the temperature mainly ensures that water vapor in the flue gas is not condensed, the water vapor is fed into a first smoke exhaust pipeline 9 by an induced draft fan 6, the flue gas in the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9 heats water entering a hot water pipeline 8 from a water inlet pipeline 7, after passing through the induced draft fan 6, the heat exchange is carried out by the water and the flue gas in the hot water pipeline 8, the temperature of the water is increased, the water enters a pressure container 27 through a hot water conveying pipeline 10, and the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃ and is discharged into an atmosphere; in the upper half cycle, the first heat storage layer 23 is cooled and the second heat storage layer 12 is heated;
(2) The air is sent into the air pipeline 2 by the blower 1 to pass through the low-temperature four-way valve 3 at first, at the moment, the low-temperature four-way valve 3 is reversed, the air sequentially passes through the second pipeline 5, the second heat storage layer 12, the third pipeline 13 and the high-temperature four-way valve 18, at the moment, the high-temperature four-way valve 18 is reversed, the air enters the hot air pipeline 17 to reach the burner 21, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the second heat storage material layer 12 from the ambient temperature, and meanwhile, the fuel gas is combusted in the combustion chamber by the fuel gas pipeline 20 through the valve 19 until the burner 21 and the air are mixed; the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe 28 and is transmitted to the pressure vessel 27 to heat the aquatic steam, when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline 30, and meanwhile, the flue gas moves to the flue gas outlet 14 according to the S track under the guidance of the flue gas guide plate 16, so that the contact time with the heat pipe 28 is prolonged, and the heat pipe 28 absorbs more heat; the flue gas sequentially passes through the second smoke exhaust pipeline 15, the high-temperature four-way valve 18 and the fourth pipeline 22 from the flue gas outlet 14, heat exchange occurs through the first heat storage layer 23, the first heat storage layer 23 absorbs heat of the flue gas, the temperature rises, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the flue gas enters the low-temperature four-way valve 3 through the first pipeline 4, in the process, the flue gas waste heat is stored in the first heat storage layer 23, the flue gas is cooled, the temperature is reduced to about 100 ℃ from 320 ℃, the temperature mainly ensures that water vapor in the flue gas is not condensed, the flue gas is then sent into the first smoke exhaust pipeline 9 by the induced draft fan 6, after the flue gas passes through the induced draft fan, heat exchange occurs between water and the flue gas in the hot water pipeline 8 in the process, the temperature rise of the water enters the pressure vessel 27 through the hot water conveying pipeline 10, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃ and is discharged into the atmosphere, in the lower half period, the second heat storage layer 12 is cooled, and the first heat storage layer 23 is heated;
the two processes of the step (1) and the step (2) form a cycle and then are circularly carried out, and the heat of the flue gas can be recycled to the limit, so that the heat efficiency is very high, and the heat recovery rate of the flue gas can reach more than 98%. Through the simultaneous action of the high-temperature four-way valve and the low-temperature four-way valve, the continuous supply of high-temperature air required by the combustion of the burner can be ensured, and meanwhile, the flow direction in the high-temperature flue can be ensured to be unchanged, so that for a dirty gas boiler which uses clean gas such as natural gas as fuel, such as producer flue gas or biomass gas, the waste heat recovery can be effectively performed after the high-temperature dust removal in a high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
The waste heat of the flue gas of the steam generator is firstly used for heating combustion air, and then the waste heat of the flue gas is further recycled for heating water supply, so that the limit recycling of the waste heat of the flue gas can be realized; the heat of the flue gas can be fully recycled, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the heat loss is reduced, and the heat efficiency is improved; the continuous heat accumulating combustion technology has the advantages of full combustion of fuel gas, smooth smoke discharge and heat efficiency improvement through the efficient heat exchange technology of the heat pipe.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to embodiments of the invention which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to cover all modifications and variations within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A continuous heat accumulating and burning fuel gas heat pipe steam generator is characterized in that: the device comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a first four-way reversing valve, a second four-way reversing valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged on the first heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged on the second heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber, the combustion chamber is communicated with a heat pipe heat exchange area, a flue gas outlet is arranged outside the heat pipe heat exchange area, flue gas guide plates and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area, and the flue gas guide plates are alternately arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area, so that the movement track of flue gas is S-shaped; the first four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second heat storage chamber, the first smoke exhaust pipeline and the air pipeline, and the second four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the first heat storage chamber, the second smoke exhaust pipeline and the combustion air pipeline; combustion air sequentially passes through an air pipeline and a first four-way reversing valve, passes through the first heat accumulation chamber, is heated by the first heat accumulation layer and then enters the combustion chamber through a second four-way reversing valve, fuel gas enters the combustion chamber through a fuel gas pipeline and is mixed with the combustion air to be combusted in the combustion chamber, combusted flue gas flows between the heat pipes through a flue gas guide plate in the heat pipe heat exchange area, the flue gas after heat exchange of the heat pipe heat exchange area enters the second heat accumulation chamber through the second four-way reversing valve, the second heat accumulation layer is heated, and is led out through a first smoke exhaust pipeline through the first four-way reversing valve, the first smoke exhaust pipeline is sleeved with a hot water pipeline and a flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline; the thicknesses of the first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer are respectively 150-200 mm, and the section widths of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively 100-150 mm; the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are selected from one of ceramic pellets or honeycomb ceramics; the lower end of the heat pipe is provided with fins for increasing the heat absorption area.
2. The continuous regenerative combustion gas fired heat pipe steam generator of claim 1, wherein: the top of the steam generator is provided with a steam pipeline for discharging steam.
3. The continuous regenerative combustion gas fired heat pipe steam generator of claim 1, wherein: the outside of the steam generator is provided with a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the steam generator, a pressure sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the steam generator and a safety valve for ensuring the safety of the steam generator.
4. A method for the integrated recovery of flue gas waste heat of a continuous heat accumulating and burning gas heat pipe steam generator as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) The air is sent into a first four-way reversing valve by an air blower, and sequentially passes through a first pipeline, a first heat accumulation chamber, a fourth pipeline, a second four-way reversing valve and an air pipeline to enter a combustor, wherein in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ from the ambient temperature by a first heat accumulation layer in the first heat accumulation chamber, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the combustor through a fuel gas pipeline to be mixed and combusted with the air; the flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe after passing through the heat exchange area of the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to a flue gas outlet under the guidance of a flue gas guide plate to enter a second smoke exhaust pipeline, then enters a second heat storage layer through a second four-way reversing valve and a third pipeline in sequence and undergoes heat exchange, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the flue gas sequentially passes through the second pipeline and a first four-way reversing valve, in the process, the flue gas waste heat is stored in the second heat storage layer, the flue gas is sent into a first smoke exhaust pipeline by a draught fan, the flue gas in the first smoke exhaust pipeline heats water in a hot water pipeline, the water in the hot water pipeline enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(2) The air is sent into a first four-way reversing valve by an air blower, and sequentially passes through a second pipeline, a second heat accumulation chamber, a third pipeline, the second four-way reversing valve and an air pipeline to reach a burner, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by a second heat accumulation layer in the second heat accumulation chamber from the ambient temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the burner by a fuel gas pipeline to be mixed and combusted with the air; the flue gas generated by combustion is absorbed by the heat pipe after passing through the heat exchange area of the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to a flue gas outlet under the guidance of a flue gas guide plate to enter a second flue gas pipeline, then enters a first heat storage layer through a second four-way reversing valve and a fourth pipeline in sequence and exchanges heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the flue gas sequentially passes through the first pipeline and the first four-way reversing valve, in the process, the flue gas waste heat is stored in the first heat storage layer, the flue gas is sent into the first flue gas pipeline by an induced draft fan, the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline heats water in a hot water pipeline, the water in the hot water pipeline enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(3) And (3) repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and circularly carrying out to realize comprehensive recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas.
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| CN109233348A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-18 | 茂名市兴煌化工有限公司 | A kind of nanoclay production equipment with suspension calcining and functions/drying |
| CN111964466A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-20 | 炬鼎热能科技(苏州)有限公司 | High-efficient heat accumulation formula air heat exchanger |
| CN116060574B (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-06-13 | 山西金瑞高压环件有限公司 | Chamber type natural gas energy-saving emission-reducing forging heating furnace |
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