CN106765008B - Heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator and method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat thereof - Google Patents
Heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator and method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106765008B CN106765008B CN201710007451.1A CN201710007451A CN106765008B CN 106765008 B CN106765008 B CN 106765008B CN 201710007451 A CN201710007451 A CN 201710007451A CN 106765008 B CN106765008 B CN 106765008B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
- F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a four-way valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer from outside to inside, the second heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulation layer from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a first combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber and a second combustion chamber connected with the second heat accumulation chamber, a heat pipe heat exchange area is arranged between the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe cluster consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area. The steam generator provided by the invention can safely and reliably generate steam for a long time, fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce heat loss and improve heat efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam generators, in particular to a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator and a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat thereof.
Background
The industrial field has extremely large demand for steam, and in terms of the prior art, steam is mainly generated by a steam boiler, and the traditional steam boiler directly heats a boiler barrel to generate steam mainly by means of heat generated by burning fuel in a hearth. The efficiency of the existing gas steam boiler is mostly not higher than 90%, the smoke discharging temperature is high, the temperature is mostly higher than 150 ℃, and the waste heat is not fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator and a method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat thereof. The steam generator can safely and reliably generate steam for a long time, fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas, reduce heat loss and improve the heat efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a four-way valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged in the first heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged in the second heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a first combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber and a second combustion chamber connected with the second heat accumulation chamber, the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are communicated through a heat pipe heat exchange area, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area; combustion-supporting air loops through air duct and cross valve, gets into first combustion chamber after the heating of first heat accumulation layer that has been heated through first regenerator, and the gas passes through gas pipeline entering first combustion chamber and air mixing and burns in first combustion chamber simultaneously, and the flue gas after the burning passes through the flue gas guide plate and flows between the heat pipe, and the flue gas after the burning passes through the cross valve after passing through the second heat accumulation layer, discharges through exhaust pipe, and exhaust pipe cup joints for hot water piping and flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline sets up in hot water piping's inside.
In a combustion cycle, in the upper half period, combustion air sequentially passes through an air pipeline and a four-way valve, passes through a first heat accumulation layer, is heated by the heat accumulation material which is heated originally and then enters a combustion chamber, the temperature of the heated air is about 300 ℃, fuel gas enters the combustion chamber through a fuel gas pipeline and is mixed with the air to be combusted in the combustion chamber, and hot flue gas after combustion flows between heat pipes through a flue gas guide plate in a combustion device at the temperature of below 1000 ℃. The contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe can be prolonged through the deflection of the flue gas deflector, the fins are arranged outside the part of the heat pipe, the heat exchange area can be enlarged, and compared with a light pipe of a traditional boiler, the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, so that the steam generator provided by the invention with the same power can be more compact, the volume of the equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is reduced. After heat exchange in the heat pipe area, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 350 ℃, then the heat storage material in the flue gas is heated by the second heat storage chamber, the flue gas is led out by the four-way valve through the smoke exhaust fan, the smoke exhaust pipeline is sleeved with a hot water pipeline and a flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline, the flue gas waste heat is further recovered by boiler water supply, and the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to about 50 ℃; the combustion chamber is internally provided with a heat pipe cluster which consists of a plurality of heat pipes, the upper parts of the heat pipes are arranged in the steam generator, and the lower parts of the heat pipes are arranged in the heat exchange areas of the heat pipes.
The heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator provided by the invention is characterized in that: (1) The exhaust gas temperature is low, and the exhaust gas waste heat including the vaporization latent heat of the steam in the exhaust gas can be fully recovered, so that the heat efficiency can be improved to more than 95%; (2) Fins are added on the flue gas heating side of the heat pipe, so that the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, and the volume of equipment can be reduced; (3) The heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipes is high, the damage of a single heat pipe in the system can not cause the stop of the whole system, and the service life of equipment is long; (4) The flame temperature is controlled to be about 1000 ℃, and the generation of thermal NOx is restrained.
The four-way valve enables the high-temperature flue gas and the combustion air to be freely switched between the air pipeline and the smoke exhaust pipeline. The water and the flue gas exchange heat in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator.
The steam generator provided by the invention can safely and reliably generate steam for a long time, can fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas, reduce heat loss and improve the heat efficiency.
Preferably, the thicknesses of the first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer are respectively 150-200 mm, and the cross-section widths of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively 100-150 mm. The total height and the structural form of the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively calculated according to the power of equipment, and the specific surface area of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer is 1000m 2 /m 3 Left and right.
Preferably, the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are selected from one of honeycomb ceramics or metal honeycomb ceramics. The heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer may be the same heat storage material or different heat storage materials, as long as they can achieve the same heat storage effect. Air and smoke flow stably in the heat storage layer, so that the heat storage layer heats the air and the smoke heats the heat storage layer.
Preferably, the flue gas guide plates are alternately arranged in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe, so that the movement track of the flue gas is S-shaped. The design of the flue gas guide plate prolongs the contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe absorbs more heat and ensures the heat exchange to be full.
Preferably, the lower end of the heat pipe is provided with a fin for increasing the heat absorption area. If a problem occurs on the smoke side of a single heat pipe, the normal operation of the whole system is not affected.
Preferably, a steam pipeline for discharging steam is arranged at the top of the steam generator. The steam pipeline is used for timely discharging steam generated in the steam generator.
Preferably, the outside of the steam generator is provided with a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the steam generator, a pressure sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the steam generator and a safety valve for ensuring the safety of the steam generator.
According to different heating processes, the inside of the heat pipe is kept at a certain vacuum degree, after the working medium in the heat pipe is treated, the precipitation of non-condensable gases such as hydrogen at high temperature and high pressure can be effectively inhibited, the precipitated hydrogen can be gasified into water, the vacuum degree of the inside is ensured, and the service life of the heat pipe can be prolonged. The working medium in the pipe can be selected according to actual conditions, so long as the required effect can be achieved.
The invention also aims to provide a method for comprehensively recovering the flue gas waste heat of the heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Air is sent into the four-way valve by the blower, sequentially passes through the first pipeline and the first heat accumulation layer to reach the first burner to enter the first combustion chamber, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the first heat accumulation layer from the ambient temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the first burner by the fuel gas pipeline to enter the first combustion chamber to be mixed with the air for combustion in the first combustion chamber; under the guiding action of the flue gas guide plate, flue gas generated by combustion flows in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe along the baffling channel, is absorbed by the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; finally, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 250-350 ℃ and enters a second heat storage layer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 80-120 ℃ from 250-350 ℃, the flue gas enters a four-way valve through a second pipeline, in the process, the waste heat of the flue gas is stored in the second heat storage layer, the flue gas is sent into a smoke exhaust pipeline by a draught fan, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats water supply in a hot water pipeline, the water supply enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(2) Air is sent into the four-way valve by the blower and sequentially reaches the second burner through the second pipeline and the second heat accumulation layer to enter the second combustion chamber, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the second heat accumulation layer from the ambient temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the second burner through the fuel gas pipeline to enter the second combustion chamber to be mixed with the air for combustion in the second combustion chamber; under the guiding action of the flue gas guide plate, flue gas generated by combustion flows in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe along the baffling channel, is absorbed by the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; finally, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 250-350 ℃ and enters a first heat storage layer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 80-120 ℃ from 250-350 ℃, residual heat of the flue gas is stored in the first heat storage layer, the flue gas enters a four-way valve through a first pipeline, a draught fan is used for feeding the flue gas into a smoke exhaust pipeline, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats hot water in a hot water pipeline, the hot water enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(3) Repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and circularly carrying out to realize the comprehensive recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The steam generator provided by the invention improves the heat efficiency through the efficient heat exchange technology of the heat pipe; the heat pipe evaporation section adopts fins to increase the heat exchange area and the heat storage material with high specific surface area, so that the equipment volume is reduced and the generation cost is reduced on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange effect;
(2) The heat storage material is used for recycling the heat limit of the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the heat loss is reduced, therefore, the heat efficiency is very high, the final heat efficiency of the system can reach more than 95%, and the temperature of the flue gas is not more than 30 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, so that the aim of saving energy is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a regenerative combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a regenerative combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a blower; 2. an air duct; 3. a two-position four-way valve; 4. a first pipe; 5. a second pipe; 6. an induced draft fan; 7. a water inlet pipe; 8. a hot water pipe; 9. a smoke exhaust duct; 10. a hot water delivery pipe; 11. a second heat-insulating layer; 12. a second heat storage layer; 13. a second burner; 14. a second valve; 15. a gas pipeline; 16. a first valve; 17. a flue gas deflector; 18. a first burner; 19. a first heat storage layer; 20. a temperature sensor; 21. a pressure sensor; 22. a safety valve; 23. a pressure vessel; 24. a heat pipe; 25. a heat pipe heat exchange area; 26. a steam pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
The heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a four-way valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged on the first heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulation layer are sequentially arranged on the second heat accumulation chamber from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a first combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber and a second combustion chamber connected with the second heat accumulation chamber, the first combustion chamber is communicated with the second combustion chamber through a heat pipe heat exchange area, and a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area; combustion-supporting air loops through air duct and cross valve, gets into first combustion chamber after the heating of first heat accumulation layer that has been heated through first regenerator, and the gas passes through gas pipeline entering first combustion chamber and air mixing and burns in first combustion chamber simultaneously, and the flue gas after the burning passes through the flue gas guide plate and flows between the heat pipe, and the flue gas after the burning passes through the cross valve after passing through the second heat accumulation layer, discharges through exhaust pipe, and exhaust pipe cup joints for hot water piping and flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline sets up in hot water piping's inside.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator.
The invention provides a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator, which comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a four-way valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer 19 from outside to inside, the second heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer 11 and a second heat accumulation layer 12 from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a first combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber and a second combustion chamber connected with the second heat accumulation chamber, a first combustor 18 is arranged in the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber is internally provided with a second combustor 13, the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber are communicated through a heat pipe heat exchange 25, and a flue gas guide plate 17 and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes 24 are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange region 25; combustion air sequentially passes through the air pipeline 2 and the two-position four-way valve 3, and enters the first combustion chamber after being heated by the heated first heat accumulation layer 19, meanwhile, fuel gas enters the first combustion chamber through the fuel gas pipeline and is mixed with air to be combusted in the first combustion chamber, combusted flue gas flows between the heat pipes through the flue gas guide plate 17, combusted flue gas passes through the second heat accumulation layer 12 and then passes through the two-position four-way valve 3 and is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 is sleeved with the hot water pipeline 8 and the flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline 8.
In the first half period, combustion air sequentially passes through the air pipeline 2 and the two-position four-way valve 3, passes through the first heat storage layer 19, is heated by the heat storage material which is already heated, enters the first combustion chamber, the temperature of the air which is heated is about 300 ℃, fuel gas enters the first combustion chamber through the fuel gas pipeline 15 and is mixed with the air to be combusted in the first combustion chamber, and hot flue gas after combustion flows between the heat pipes 24 through the flue gas guide plate 17 in the heat pipe heat exchange area 25 at the temperature of below 1000 ℃. The contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe can be prolonged through the deflection of the flue gas deflector 17, the fins are arranged outside the heat pipe, the heat exchange area can be enlarged, and compared with a light pipe of a traditional boiler, the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, so that the steam generator provided by the invention with the same power can be more compact, the volume of the equipment is reduced, and the occupied area is reduced. After heat exchange in the heat pipe heat exchange area, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 350 ℃, then the heat storage material in the second heat storage chamber is heated, the flue gas is discharged through the two-position four-way valve 3 and the induced draft fan 6 through the smoke exhaust pipeline 9, the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 is sleeved with the hot water pipeline 8 and the flue gas pipeline, the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline 8, the flue gas waste heat is further recovered by boiler water, and the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to about 50 ℃.
The heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator provided by the invention is characterized in that: (1) The exhaust gas temperature is low, and the exhaust gas waste heat including the vaporization latent heat of the steam in the exhaust gas can be fully recovered, so that the heat efficiency can be improved to more than 95%; (2) Fins are added on the flue gas heating side of the heat pipe, so that the heat exchange area can be increased by 8-10 times, and the volume of equipment can be reduced; (3) The heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipes is high, the damage of a single heat pipe in the system can not cause the stop of the whole system, and the service life of equipment is long; (4) The flame temperature is controlled to be about 1000 ℃, and the generation of thermal NOx is restrained.
The four-way valve enables the high-temperature flue gas and the combustion air to be freely switched between the air pipeline and the smoke exhaust pipeline. The water and the flue gas exchange heat in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator.
The combustion device is internally provided with a first burner 18, a second burner 13 and a heat pipe heat exchange area 25 which is respectively communicated with the first burner 18 and the second burner 13, air sequentially passes through an air pipeline 2 and a two-position four-way valve 3, is heated by a first heat accumulation layer 19 and passes through the first burner 18, fuel gas enters through a fuel gas pipeline 15 to be mixed with the air and passes through the first burner 18 to be combusted in a first combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas enters the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, and the combusted flue gas flows in the heat pipe heat exchange area 25 under the action of a flue gas guide plate 17 to release heat. When the temperature reaches about 350 ℃, the smoke is sequentially passed through a second burner 13 in a second combustion chamber, the second heat storage layer 12 is discharged through a smoke exhaust pipeline 9 by a draught fan 6 through a two-position four-way valve 3, and the draught fan is controlled by a frequency converter, so that the pressure in a heat exchange area of the heat pipe can be effectively controlled, and the flow field of smoke is effectively organized. The smoke exhaust pipeline 9 is sleeved with a hot water pipeline 8 and a smoke pipeline, and the smoke pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline 8; the heat pipe heat exchange area 25 is internally provided with a plurality of heat pipes 24 according to the heat load required by the process, the upper parts of the heat pipes 24 are arranged in the steam generator, the lower parts of the heat pipes 24 are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, and the lower parts of the heat pipes 24 are provided with fins for increasing the heat absorption area. The four-way valve may be a two-position four-way valve or a three-position four-way valve, which can meet the requirement that the flue gas and the air can be freely switched between the first pipeline 4 and the second pipeline 5, and in the embodiment, the four-way valve is selected as the two-position four-way valve 3.
In this embodiment, the heat pipes 24 are uniformly and vertically arranged in the heat exchange area 25 of the heat pipe, and the contact time between the flue gas and the heat pipe is prolonged by the flue gas guide plate. The evaporation side of the heat pipe absorbs heat in the flue gas, and the heat transfer is completed by releasing heat in the boiler barrel through the heat release condensation section.
The steam generator may be a pressure vessel, a boiler or any vessel for storing steam as will occur to those of skill in the art, in this embodiment the steam generator is a pressure vessel 23. The pressure vessel 23 is provided externally with a temperature sensor 20 for monitoring the temperature inside the pressure vessel, a pressure sensor 21 for monitoring the pressure inside the pressure vessel, and a safety valve 22 for securing the pressure vessel.
The four-way valve 3 is arranged to enable the flue gas and the air to be freely switched between the air pipeline 2 and the smoke exhaust pipeline 9. The hot water pipeline 8 is sleeved with the flue gas pipeline, water and flue gas are subjected to heat exchange in the sleeve, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced, and the water absorbs heat to enter the steam generator.
The heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer 19 and the second heat storage layer 12 are selected from one of honeycomb ceramics or metal honeycomb ceramics. The heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer 19 and the second heat storage layer 12 may be the same heat storage material or different heat storage materials, which can be considered to be the same effectThe fruit is all right. In the device, the heat storage layer and the heat preservation layer are taken as a furnace wall together, and the heat storage material in the heat storage layer has a large heat exchange area, and the specific surface area can reach 1000 cubes per square, so that the volume of the equipment can be effectively reduced on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange effect. Compared with the traditional boiler, the finned tube replaces a light tube, the heat exchange area is increased by 8 to 10 times, and the equipment space can be further reduced while the heat exchange effect is ensured. Air and smoke flow stably in the heat storage layer, so that the heat storage layer heats the air and the smoke heats the heat storage row. The thickness of the ceramic fiber felt is 150-200 mm, and the section widths of the first heat storage material and the second heat storage material are 100-150 mm. The total height and the structural form of the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively calculated according to the power of equipment, and the specific surface area of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer is 1000m 2 /m 3 Left and right. The first heat preservation makes the heat that first heat accumulation mechanism stored be difficult to distribute away, and the second heat preservation makes the heat that second heat accumulation mechanism stored be difficult to distribute away.
The top of the steam generator is provided with a steam pipe 26 for discharging steam. The steam pipe 26 is used for timely discharging steam generated in the steam generator.
A plurality of flue gas guide plates 17 are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, and the flue gas guide plates 17 are alternately arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, so that the movement track of flue gas is S-shaped. The design of the flue gas guide plate 17 prolongs the contact time of the flue gas and the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe absorbs more heat. The number of the flue gas guide plates 17 can be set according to actual needs, and in the embodiment, the number of the flue gas guide plates is 3, so that the effect of flue gas recovery can be achieved.
The working principle of the heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator of the invention is as follows:
(1) Air passes through an air blower 1 and an air pipeline 2 and then passes through a two-position four-way valve 3 (at the moment, the two-position four-way valve 3 is communicated with a first pipeline 4), high-temperature smoke enters a heat pipe heat exchange area 25 after reaching a first burner 18 through the first pipeline 4 and a first heat storage layer 19 in sequence, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the first heat storage layer 19 from the ambient temperature, meanwhile, gas passes through a first valve 16 (at the moment, a second valve 14 is closed) from a gas pipeline 15, reaches the first burner 18 to be mixed with the air for combustion, the high-temperature smoke enters the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, the smoke is absorbed by a heat pipe 24 and is transmitted to the inside of a steam generator for heating aquatic steam, and the steam is led out by a steam pipeline 26 after reaching a set requirement; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to the second burner 13 under the guidance of the flue gas guide plate 17 to enter the second heat storage layer 12 and exchange heat, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 100 ℃ from 350 ℃, the flue gas enters the two-position four-way valve 3 through the second pipeline 5, in the process, the waste heat of the flue gas is stored in the second heat storage layer 12, the flue gas is sent into the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 by the induced draft fan 6, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats the water supply which enters the hot water pipeline 8 from the water inlet pipeline 7, the water supply enters the steam generator through the hot water conveying pipeline 10, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(2) Air is combusted by the blower 1 through the two-position four-way valve 3 (at the moment, the two-position four-way valve 3 is communicated with the second pipeline 5 in a reversing way), the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the second pipeline 5 and the second heat storage layer 12 to reach the second burner 13 to be combusted, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heat pipe heat exchange area 25, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the second heat storage layer 12 from the ambient temperature, meanwhile, the fuel gas passes through the second valve 14 (at the moment, the first valve 16 is closed) by the fuel gas pipeline 15 to reach the second burner 13 to be mixed with the air to be combusted, the high-temperature flue gas enters the heat pipe heat exchange area 25 to be absorbed by the heat pipe 24 and is transmitted to the inside of the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and the steam is led out by the steam pipeline after the steam reaches the set requirement; simultaneously, the flue gas moves to the first burner 18 under the guidance of the flue gas guide plate 17 to enter the first heat storage layer 19 and exchange heat, the temperature of the flue gas in the first heat storage chamber is reduced to about 100 ℃ from 320 ℃, the flue gas waste heat is stored in the first heat storage layer 19, the flue gas enters the two-position four-way valve 3 through the first pipeline 4 and is sent into the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 through the induced draft fan 6, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline 9 heats the water supply in the hot water pipeline 8, the water supply enters the steam generator through the hot water conveying pipeline 10, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃ and is discharged into the atmosphere;
the two processes of the step (1) and the step (2) form a cycle and then are circularly carried out, and the heat of the flue gas can be recycled to the limit, so that the heat efficiency is very high, and the heat recovery rate of the flue gas can reach more than 98%.
The waste heat of the flue gas of the steam generator is firstly used for heating combustion air, and then the waste heat of the flue gas is further recycled for heating water supply, so that the limit recycling of the waste heat of the flue gas can be realized; the device can fully recycle the heat of the flue gas, reduce the temperature of the flue gas, reduce heat loss, improve the heat efficiency, reduce the generation cost and ensure the reliable operation of equipment.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to embodiments of the invention which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather to cover all modifications and variations within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator is characterized in that: the device comprises a steam generator and a heating device arranged at the bottom of the steam generator, wherein the heating device comprises an air pipeline, a gas pipeline, a four-way valve, a first heat accumulation chamber, a second heat accumulation chamber and a combustion device, the first heat accumulation chamber and the second heat accumulation chamber are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom of the steam generator, the first heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a first heat preservation layer and a first heat accumulation layer from outside to inside, the second heat accumulation chamber is sequentially provided with a second heat preservation layer and a second heat accumulation layer from outside to inside, the combustion device comprises a first combustion chamber connected with the first heat accumulation chamber and a second combustion chamber connected with the second heat accumulation chamber, the first combustion chamber is communicated with the second combustion chamber through a heat pipe heat exchange area, a flue gas guide plate and a heat pipe bundle consisting of a plurality of heat pipes are arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area, and the flue gas guide plate is alternately arranged in the heat pipe heat exchange area, so that the movement track of flue gas is S-shaped; combustion air sequentially passes through an air pipeline and a four-way valve, is heated by the heated first heat accumulation layer and enters a first combustion chamber through a first heat accumulation chamber, meanwhile, fuel gas enters the first combustion chamber through a fuel gas pipeline and is mixed with air to be combusted in the first combustion chamber, combusted flue gas flows between heat pipes through a flue gas guide plate, combusted flue gas passes through the four-way valve after passing through a second heat accumulation layer and is discharged through a smoke exhaust pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipeline is sleeved with a hot water pipeline and a flue gas pipeline, and the flue gas pipeline is arranged in the hot water pipeline; the thicknesses of the first heat preservation layer and the second heat preservation layer are respectively 150-200 mm, and the section widths of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are respectively 100-150 mm; the heat storage materials of the first heat storage layer and the second heat storage layer are selected from honeycomb ceramics; the lower end of the heat pipe is provided with fins for increasing the heat absorption area.
2. The regenerative-combustion gas heat pipe steam generator of claim 1, wherein: the top of the steam generator is provided with a steam pipeline for discharging steam.
3. The regenerative-combustion gas heat pipe steam generator of claim 1, wherein: the outside of the steam generator is provided with a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the steam generator, a pressure sensor for monitoring the internal pressure of the steam generator and a safety valve for ensuring the safety of the steam generator.
4. A method for comprehensively recovering flue gas waste heat of a heat accumulating combustion type gas heat pipe steam generator as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) Air is sent into the four-way valve by the blower, sequentially passes through the first pipeline and the first heat accumulation layer and reaches the first burner to enter the first combustion chamber, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the first heat accumulation layer from the environment temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the first burner by the fuel gas pipeline to enter the first combustion chamber to be mixed with the air for combustion in the first combustion chamber; under the guiding action of the flue gas guide plate, flue gas generated by combustion flows in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe along the baffling channel, is absorbed by the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; finally, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 250-350 ℃ and enters a second heat storage layer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 80-120 ℃ from 250-350 ℃, the flue gas enters a four-way valve through a second pipeline, in the process, the waste heat of the flue gas is stored in the second heat storage layer, the flue gas is sent into a smoke exhaust pipeline by a draught fan, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats water supply in a hot water pipeline, the water supply enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(2) Air is sent into the four-way valve by the blower and sequentially reaches the second burner through the second pipeline and the second heat accumulation layer to enter the second combustion chamber, in the process, the air is heated to 250-350 ℃ by the second heat accumulation layer from the environment temperature, and meanwhile, fuel gas reaches the second burner through the fuel gas pipeline to enter the second combustion chamber to be mixed with the air for combustion in the second combustion chamber; under the guiding action of the flue gas guide plate, flue gas generated by combustion flows in the heat exchange area of the heat pipe along the baffling channel, is absorbed by the heat pipe and is transmitted into the steam generator to heat aquatic steam, and when the steam reaches the set requirement, the steam is led out by the steam pipeline; finally, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 250-350 ℃ and enters a first heat storage layer, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 80-120 ℃ from 250-350 ℃, waste heat of the flue gas is stored in the first heat storage layer, the flue gas enters a four-way valve through a first pipeline and is sent into a smoke exhaust pipeline through a draught fan, the flue gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline heats hot water in a hot water pipeline, the hot water enters a steam generator through a hot water conveying pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
(3) And (3) repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and circularly carrying out to realize comprehensive recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas.
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