CN106761733A - A kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology - Google Patents

A kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology Download PDF

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CN106761733A
CN106761733A CN201710009434.1A CN201710009434A CN106761733A CN 106761733 A CN106761733 A CN 106761733A CN 201710009434 A CN201710009434 A CN 201710009434A CN 106761733 A CN106761733 A CN 106761733A
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oil
reservoir
horizontal well
zero dimension
steam soak
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李延杰
朱国金
田冀
谭先红
袁忠超
李南
丁祖鹏
卢川
贾振
郑强
张晓亮
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC Research Institute Co Ltd
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology, belong to oil-gas field development field, it is comprised the following steps：1) based on seepage theory, heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is set up；2) based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve；3) identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve key factor；4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is drawn；5) based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the oil production at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured.The present invention has advantages below, and the factor according to influence horizontal well steam soak production capacity carries out polynary preliminary recurrence, obtains horizontal well maximum daily oil production peak computational formula；According to the zero dimension production capacity plate that the present invention is provided, accurate prediction level well steam soak initial productivity can be facilitated.

Description

A kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology, belong to oil-gas field development neck Domain.
Background technology
Correctly predicted horizontal well steam soak Production development is optimization Stimulated Wells Gas Injection, the base of Efficient Development heavy crude reservoir Plinth.At present, the method for prediction and analysis level well steam soak production capacity mainly has Method for Numerical and analytic method, numerical simulation energy The dynamic process of enough preferable simulation cyclic steam stimulations, but the method application is relatively complicated, time-consuming, and practicality is poor； And the analytic method of studying prediction level well steam soak production capacity is less and due to the complicated mechanism of action of horizontal well steam soak With the presence of flow through oil reservoir problem so that current existing analytic method is immature.
The content of the invention
Regarding to the issue above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of more practical and calibrated horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir of prediction Steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial stage PRODUCTION FORECASTING METHODS, comprises the following steps：
1) based on seepage theory, heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is set up；
2) based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve；
3) identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve key factor；
4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is drawn；
5) based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the oil-producing at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured Amount.
The step 1) in, based on seepage theory, the process for setting up heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
1. determine that the basic assumption condition of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
There is oil, gas and water three-phase in a, heavy crude reservoir, have ncPlant (nc- 1 hydrocarbon components and a water group Point) chemical constituent, any component obeys the principle that balances each other in accelerated trip relation；
B, flowing meet Darcy's law, do not have between each chemical constituent to chemically react in flow process；
Seepage flow is non-isothermal seeping, the viscosity of temperature influence crude oil and the relative infiltration of oil, gas and water three-phase in c, heavy crude reservoir Rate；
D, the influence for considering gravity and capillary force；
2. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating basic mathematic model is set up as follows：
A, mass-conservation equation
In formula, k is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；krjIt is j phase relative permeabilities；μjIt is jth phase fluid viscosity, mPas； ρjIt is jth phase fluid density, kg/m3；xijIt is molar fractions of the component i in j phases；PjIt is j phase fluid pressure, MPa；G is gravity Acceleration, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qjUnder formation condition, the unit interval is injection or extraction jth phase fluid in unit volume reservoir Quality, kg/ (m3·d)；φ is reservoir porosity；SjIt is jth phase fluid saturation degree in reservoir；
B, energy conservation equation
In formula, λRIt is oil reservoir effective thermal conductivity, kJ/ (smK)；Δ T is T-TR, TRIt is reservoir temperature, K；HjIt is j The enthalpy of phase fluid, kJ/kg；For in the unit time, the energy relevant with top bottom loss, kJ/ (m in unit volume3·s)； It is the energy for being input into or exporting in the unit time, in unit volume, kJ/ (m3·s)；UjIt is jth phase fluid interior energy, kJ/kg；ρr It is rock density, kg/m3；CrIt is reservoir rock specific heat, kJ/ (kgK)；C, related subsidiary equation are as follows：
Saturation equation：So+Sw+Sg=1 (3)
Capillary force equation：Pc,wo=Po-Pw (4)
Pc,og=Pg-Po (5)
Molar fraction normalizing equation：
Equilibrium constant equation：
In formula, SoIt is oil saturation；SwIt is water saturation；SgIt is gas saturation；Pc,woIt is the alternate hollow billet of profit Power, Pa；PoIt is oil phase capillary force, Pa；PwIt is water phase capillary force, Pa；Pc,ogIt is the alternate capillary force of oil gas, Pa；PgIt is gas phase hollow billet Power, Pa；xijIt is the i-th j component molar fractions；T is temperature, K；Koi(Pg, T) and it is balancing each other when component i is distributed in gas and oil phase Constant；xigIt is component i molar fractions in the gas phase；xioIt is molar fractions of the component i in oil phase；Kwi(Pg, T) and it is component i Phase equilibrium constant when being distributed in air water phase；xiwIt is molar fractions of the component i in water phase；
Formula (1)~(8) constitute the basic Mathematical Modeling of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating, after being solved to it by simulate Heavy crude heat extraction development effectiveness.
The step 2) in, based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve Process is as follows：
1. by heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling, steamed using CMG numerical simulation softwares prediction horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir Vapour handle up production First Year in simulation daily oil production qo1Daily oil production q maximum with simulationpeak1；
Wherein, reservoir geology parameter includes that core intersection, reservoir porosity, reservoir permeability, net gross thickness ratio, oil-containing are satisfied With degree and viscosity of crude；Note adopt parameter including steam injection intensity, steam injection rate, bottom-hole steam quality, vapor (steam) temperature, the stewing well time, Fluid production rate and horizontal well length；
2. combined horizontal well steam soak day oil-producing data zero dimension by introducing dimensionless parameter, draw horizontal well Steam soak dimensionless oil production amount qDWith the relation curve t of non dimensional timeD, used dimensionless parameter combination see formula (9)~ (11)；
In formula, qdIt is horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount；qo1It is simulation water horizontal well steam soak daily oil production, m3/d；qpeak1For horizontal well steam soak simulates maximum daily oil production, m3/d；tDIt is horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time；t It is time, d；NiIt is oil in-place, 104m3；A is reservoir area, m2；H is core intersection, m；φ is reservoir porosity；Soi It is the average initial oil saturation of oil reservoir；BoiIt is original oil volume factor, m3/m3。
The step 3) in, identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve important factor in order process it is as follows：
Oil field parameter is divided into reservoir geology parameter and note adopts parameter, and the zero dimension under each parameter difference value of CALCULATING OILFIELD is produced Can curve and using with the deviation of the daily oil production typical curve using the drafting of each parameter basis value in oil field as standard, by oil Influence degree of each parameter of Numerical Method Study to zero dimension deliverability curve is hidden, is produced with zero dimension under each parameter difference value The deviation 10% of energy curve and typical curve thinks that influence is big more than 10% as benchmark, thinks that influence is small less than 10%, specifically Judge that the process of size is as follows：
Using typical curve as standard, the non dimensional time pair under zero dimension deliverability curve under each parameter difference value is found out Should be contrasted to dimensionless production under zero dimension deliverability curve under the value different from each parameter of the dimensionless production on typical curve, counted Calculate the average value of its absolute value of the bias, then casting out influences less factor on zero dimension deliverability curve, reservation it is influenceed compared with Big factor.
The step 4) in, the process for drawing horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is as follows：
With reference to the research method of Narayana, horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q is drawndOn horizontal well steam Handle up non dimensional time tdZero dimension production capacity plate.
The step 5) in, based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict horizontal well steam soak to be measured The process of the oil production at initial stage is as follows：
1. with the actual geology and dynamic data in oil well region to be measured as foundation, based on the zero dimension production capacity figure set up before Version, lookup or interpolation obtain the zero dimension deliverability curve of non-brought in well, are understood with horizontal well steam soak zero dimension from curve Time tDThe horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q of changeD；
2. maximum daily oil production is determined：
Maximum daily oil production predicted value qpeakDetermined by such as following formula (12) multiple regression procedure：
In formula, h is core intersection；NtG is net gross thickness ratio；K is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；μoIt is viscosity of crude, mPa·s；qiiIt is steam injection intensity, t/m；qLTo produce liquid speed degree, m3/ d, L are horizontal well length, m；a1~a9And b1~b9It is often Number；
3. oil in-place NiCalculated by formula (11) and tried to achieve, horizontal well steam is obtained according to following formula (13) and formula (14) Daily oil production of handling up qoWith the relational expression that time t changes
Due to taking above technical scheme, it has advantages below to the present invention：1st, the present invention is according to influence horizontal well steam The factor of production capacity of handling up carries out polynary preliminary recurrence, obtains horizontal well maximum daily oil production peak computational formula.2nd, the present invention gives The zero dimension production capacity plate for going out, can facilitate accurate prediction level well steam soak initial productivity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that reservoir permeability of the present invention is 2000 × 10-3μm2When different crude oil viscosities zero dimension production capacity plate；
Fig. 2 is that reservoir permeability of the present invention is 4000 × 10-3μm2When different crude oil viscosities zero dimension production capacity plate；
Fig. 3 is that reservoir permeability of the present invention is 6000 × 10-3μm2When different crude oil viscosities zero dimension production capacity plate；
Fig. 4 is A22 Predict Production for Cyclic Steam Injection in Horizontal Wells figures in LD27-2 oil fields of the invention；
Fig. 5 is that B33 horizontal well multielement hot fluids in NB35-2 oil fields of the invention are handled up capability forecasting figure；
Fig. 6 is that B44 horizontal well multielement hot fluids in NB35-2 oil fields of the invention are handled up capability forecasting figure；
Fig. 7 is A22 Predict Production for Cyclic Steam Injection in Horizontal Wells comparative result figures in LD27-2 oil fields of the invention；
Fig. 8 is that B33 horizontal well multielement hot fluids in NB35-2 oil fields of the invention are handled up capability forecasting comparative result figure；
Fig. 9 is that B44 horizontal well multielement hot fluids in NB35-2 oil fields of the invention are handled up capability forecasting comparative result figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
1) based on seepage theory, heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is set up, detailed process is as follows：
1. determine that the basic assumption condition of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
There is oil, gas and water three-phase in a, heavy crude reservoir, have ncPlant (nc- 1 hydrocarbon components and a water group Point) chemical constituent, any component obeys the principle that balances each other in accelerated trip relation；
B, flowing meet Darcy's law, do not have between each chemical constituent to chemically react in flow process；
Seepage flow is non-isothermal seeping, the viscosity and oil, gas and water three-phase relative permeability of temperature influence crude oil in c, heavy crude reservoir；
D, the influence for considering gravity and capillary force.
2. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating basic mathematic model is set up as follows：
A, mass-conservation equation
In formula, k is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；krjIt is j phase relative permeabilities；μjIt is jth phase fluid viscosity, mPas； ρjIt is jth phase fluid density, kg/m3；xijIt is molar fractions of the component i in j phases；PjIt is j phase fluid pressure, MPa；G is gravity Acceleration, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qjUnder formation condition, the unit interval is injection or extraction jth phase fluid in unit volume reservoir Quality, kg/ (m3·d)；φ is reservoir porosity；SjIt is jth phase fluid saturation degree in reservoir.
B, energy conservation equation
In formula, λRIt is oil reservoir effective thermal conductivity, kJ/ (smK)；Δ T is T-TR, TRIt is reservoir temperature, K；HjIt is j The enthalpy of phase fluid, kJ/kg；For in the unit time, the energy relevant with top bottom loss, kJ/ (m in unit volume3·s)；It is the energy for being input into or exporting in the unit time, in unit volume, kJ/ (m3·s)；UjIt is jth phase fluid interior energy, kJ/kg； ρrIt is rock density, kg/m3；CrIt is reservoir rock specific heat, kJ/ (kgK).
C, related subsidiary equation
Saturation equation：So+Sw+Sg=1 (3)
Capillary force equation：Pc,wo=Po-Pw (4)
Pc,og=Pg-Po (5)
Molar fraction normalizing equation：
Equilibrium constant equation：
In formula, SoIt is oil saturation；SwIt is water saturation；SgIt is gas saturation；Pc,woIt is the alternate hollow billet of profit Power, Pa；PoIt is oil phase capillary force, Pa；PwIt is water phase capillary force, Pa；Pc,ogIt is the alternate capillary force of oil gas, Pa；PgIt is gas phase hollow billet Power, Pa；xijIt is the i-th j component molar fractions；T is temperature, K；Koi(Pg, T) and it is balancing each other when component i is distributed in gas and oil phase Constant；xigIt is component i molar fractions in the gas phase；xioIt is molar fractions of the component i in oil phase；Kwi(Pg, T) and it is component i Phase equilibrium constant when being distributed in air water phase；xiwIt is molar fractions of the component i in water phase.
Formula (1)~(8) constitute the basic Mathematical Modeling of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating, after being solved to it by simulate Heavy crude heat extraction development effectiveness.
2) based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve, detailed process is such as Under：
1. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is predicted into horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam using CMG numerical simulation softwares Handle up the simulation daily oil production q produced in First Yearo1Daily oil production q maximum with simulationpeak1。
2. combined horizontal well steam soak day oil-producing data zero dimension by introducing dimensionless parameter, draw horizontal well Steam soak dimensionless oil production amount qDWith the relation curve t of non dimensional timeD, used dimensionless parameter combination see formula (9)~ (11)。
In formula, qDIt is horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount；qo1It is simulation water horizontal well steam soak daily oil production, m3/d；qpeak1For horizontal well steam soak simulates maximum daily oil production, m3/d；tDIt is horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time；t It is time, d；NiIt is oil in-place, 104m3；A is reservoir area, m2；H is core intersection, m；φ is reservoir porosity；Soi It is the average initial oil saturation of oil reservoir；BoiIt is original oil volume factor, m3/m3。
3) identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve key factor, detailed process is as follows：
Oil field parameter is divided into reservoir geology parameter and note adopts parameter in the prior art, and reservoir geology parameter and note are adopted into parameter Scope is accounted for, basic oil reservoir and geologic parameter span is counted according to viscous crude field developing example, according to current technique Level determines that note adopts parameter value scope.
Calculate the zero dimension deliverability curve under each parameter difference value and with drawn using each parameter basis value in oil field The deviation of daily oil production typical curve studies each parameter to zero dimension deliverability curve as standard by numerical reservoir simulation method Influence degree, using each parameter difference value under zero dimension deliverability curve and typical curve deviation 10% as benchmark, be more than 10% thinks that influence is big, thinks that influence is small less than 10%.Specifically judge that the process of size is as follows：
Using typical curve as standard, the non dimensional time pair under zero dimension deliverability curve under each parameter difference value is found out Should be contrasted to dimensionless production under zero dimension deliverability curve under the value different from each parameter of the dimensionless production on typical curve, counted Calculate the average value of its absolute value of the bias.Then casting out influences less factor on zero dimension deliverability curve, reservation it is influenceed compared with Big factor.
4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is drawn：
It is the convenience for ensureing the accuracy of zero dimension production capacity plate and use, with reference to the research method of Narayana, paints Horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q processedDOn horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time tDZero dimension production capacity plate.
5) based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the oil-producing at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured Amount, detailed process is as follows：
1. with the actual geology and dynamic data in oil well region to be measured as foundation, based on the zero dimension production capacity figure set up before Version, lookup or interpolation obtain the zero dimension deliverability curve of non-brought in well, are understood with horizontal well steam soak zero dimension from curve Time tDThe horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q of changeD。
2. maximum daily oil production is determined：
Maximum daily oil production predicted value qpeakDetermined by such as following formula (12) multiple regression procedure.
It is that NTG is net gross thickness ratio in formula；K is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；μoIt is viscosity of crude, mPas；qiiFor Steam injection intensity, t/m；qLTo produce liquid speed degree, m3/ d, L are horizontal well length, m；a1~a9And b1~b9It is constant.
3. oil in-place NiCalculated by formula (11) and tried to achieve, horizontal well steam is obtained according to following formula (13) and formula (14) Daily oil production of handling up qoWith the relational expression that time t changes
Below by Bohai Sea LD27-2 oil fields A22 wells, NB35-2 oil fields B33 well, the prediction of B44 well capacities are used to illustrate this The effect of invention, it is comprised the following steps：
1) based on seepage theory, heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is set up, detailed process is as follows：
1. determine that the basic assumption condition of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
There is oil, gas and water three-phase in a, heavy crude reservoir, have ncPlant (nc- 1 hydrocarbon components and a water group Point) chemical constituent, any component obeys the principle that balances each other in accelerated trip relation；
B, flowing meet Darcy's law, do not have between each chemical constituent to chemically react in flow process；
Seepage flow is non-isothermal seeping, the viscosity of temperature influence crude oil and the relative infiltration of oil, gas and water three-phase in c, heavy crude reservoir Rate；
D, the influence for considering gravity and capillary force.
2. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating basic mathematic model is set up as follows：
A, mass-conservation equation
In formula, k is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；krjIt is j phase relative permeabilities；μjIt is jth phase fluid viscosity, mPas； ρjIt is jth phase fluid density, kg/m3；xijIt is molar fractions of the component i in j phases；PjIt is j phase fluid pressure, MPa；G is gravity Acceleration, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qjUnder formation condition, the unit interval is injection or extraction jth phase fluid in unit volume reservoir Quality, kg/ (m3·d)；φ is reservoir porosity；SjIt is jth phase fluid saturation degree in reservoir.
B, energy conservation equation
In formula, λRIt is oil reservoir effective thermal conductivity, kJ/ (smK)；Δ T is T-TR, TRIt is reservoir temperature, K；HjIt is j The enthalpy of phase fluid, kJ/kg；For in the unit time, the energy relevant with top bottom loss, kJ/ (m in unit volume3·s)；It is the energy for being input into or exporting in the unit time, in unit volume, kJ/ (m3·s)；UjIt is jth phase fluid interior energy, kJ/kg； ρrIt is rock density, kg/m3；CrIt is reservoir rock specific heat, kJ/ (kgK).C, related subsidiary equation
Saturation equation：So+Sw+Sg=1 (3)
Capillary force equation：Pc,wo=Po-Pw (4)
Pc,og=Pg-Po (5)
Molar fraction normalizing equation：
Equilibrium constant equation：
In formula, SoIt is oil saturation；SwIt is water saturation；SgIt is gas saturation；Pc,woIt is the alternate hollow billet of profit Power, Pa；PoIt is oil phase capillary force, Pa；PwIt is water phase capillary force, Pa；Pc,ogIt is the alternate capillary force of oil gas, Pa；PgIt is gas phase hollow billet Power, Pa；xijIt is the i-th j component molar fractions；T is temperature, K；Koi(Pg, T) and it is balancing each other when component i is distributed in gas and oil phase Constant；xigIt is component i molar fractions in the gas phase；xioIt is molar fractions of the component i in oil phase；Kwi(Pg, T) and it is component i Phase equilibrium constant when being distributed in air water phase；xiwIt is molar fractions of the component i in water phase.
Formula (1)~(8) constitute heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating basic mathematic model, after being solved to it by simulation it is thick Oily Simulation on whole pay zones effect.
2) based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve, detailed process is such as Under：
1. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is predicted into horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam using CMG numerical simulation softwares Handle up the simulation daily oil production q produced in First Yearo1Daily oil production q maximum with simulationpeak1。
2. combined horizontal well steam soak day oil-producing data zero dimension by introducing dimensionless parameter, draw horizontal well Steam soak dimensionless oil production amount qDWith the relation curve t of non dimensional timeD, used dimensionless parameter combination see formula (9)~ (11)。
In formula, qDIt is horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount；qo1It is simulation water horizontal well steam soak daily oil production, m3/d；qpeak1For horizontal well steam soak simulates maximum daily oil production, m3/d；tDIt is horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time；t It is time, d；NiIt is oil in-place, 104m3；A is reservoir area, m2；H is core intersection, m；φ is reservoir porosity；Soi It is the average initial oil saturation of oil reservoir；BoiIt is original oil volume factor, m3/m3。
3) identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve key factor, detailed process is as follows：
Determine relevant parameter and span, it is inclined with typical curve with zero dimension deliverability curve under each parameter difference value Difference draws influence degree such as table 1 of each parameter to zero dimension deliverability curve as standard by numerical reservoir simulation method：
The heavy crude heat extraction factors on productivity of table 1 and span
4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is drawn：
Based on above-mentioned zero dimension deliverability curve parameter influence degree analysis result understand, on zero dimension deliverability curve influence compared with Big factor is reservoir permeability, viscosity of crude, produces liquid speed degree.Influence of the liquid speed degree to zero dimension deliverability curve is produced relative to original Oil viscosity and two factor influences of reservoir permeability are smaller.Therefore, to ensure the accuracy of zero dimension production capacity plate and use Convenience, with reference to the research method of Narayana, the zero dimension deliverability curve under different product liquid speed degree is averaged, and is drawn not With the horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q under reservoir permeability and different crude oil viscositiesDOn horizontal well steam soak Non dimensional time tDZero dimension production capacity plate.
It is 2000 × 10 that the present invention draws out reservoir permeability according to data with existing-3μm2、4000×10-3μm2Shi He
6000×10-3μm2When different crude oil viscosities zero dimension production capacity plate.Data are successively such as table 2 below~4：
K=2000 × 10 of table 2-3μm2When zero dimension production capacity plate
K=4000 × 10 of table 3-3μm2When zero dimension production capacity plate
K=6000 × 10 of table 4-3μm2When zero dimension production capacity plate
It is 2000 × 10 based on above-mentioned reservoir permeability-3μm2、4000×10-3μm2With 6000 × 10-3μm2When different crude oils The data of viscosity draw out horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate and are followed successively by Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
5) based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the oil-producing at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured Amount, detailed process is as follows：
Bohai Sea LD27-2 oil fields A22 wells, NB35-2 oil fields B33 wells and B44 wells related data statistics see the table below shown in 5.
The related thermal production well data statistics of table 5
1. NB35-2 oil fields B33H, B44H well zero dimensions deliverability curve passes through permeability 4000 × 10 as known from Table 5-3μm2、 6000×10-3μm2Obtained with viscosity of crude 500mPa.s, 1000mPa.s zero dimension deliverability curve interpolation, wherein LD27-2 oil fields A22 well zero dimensions deliverability curve passes through permeability 2000 × 10-3μm2、4000×10-3μm2With viscosity of crude 1000mPa.s, 3000mPa.s zero dimension deliverability curve interpolation is obtained.The zero dimension deliverability curve that it is obtained, can from curve successively such as Fig. 4~6 Know with horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time tDThe horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q of changeD。
2. peak value day oil-producing is determined
Horizontal well steam soak maximum daily oil production predicted value qpeak, it determines that its formula is such as by multiple regression procedure Following formula (15)
In formula, NTG is net gross thickness ratio；K is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；μoIt is viscosity of crude, mPas；qiiIt is note Vapour intensity, t/m；qLTo produce liquid speed degree, m3/ d, L are horizontal well length, m.
It is calculated by formula (14), NB35-2 oil fields B33H, B44H well maximum daily oil production is respectively 45.2m3/d、 70.3m3/ d, LD27-2 oil field A22 well maximum daily oil productions are 80.1m3/d。
3. oil in-place NiCalculated by formula (11) and tried to achieve, horizontal well steam is obtained according to following formula (13) and formula (14) Daily oil production of handling up qoWith the relational expression that time t changes
4. the oil production predicted with zero dimension production capacity plate is contrasted with actual daily oil production, is obtained Fig. 7~9.
The various embodiments described above are only used for having carried out further specifically the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect It is bright, it is not intended to limit the invention, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done Deng should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology, comprises the following steps：
1) based on seepage theory, heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is set up；
2) based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve；
3) identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve key factor；
4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is drawn；
5) based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the oil production at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured.
2. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that： The step 1) in, based on seepage theory, the process for setting up heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
1. determine that the basic assumption condition of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling is as follows：
There is oil, gas and water three-phase in a, heavy crude reservoir, have ncPlant (nc- 1 hydrocarbon components and a water component) change Component is learned, any component obeys the principle that balances each other in accelerated trip relation；
B, flowing meet Darcy's law, do not have between each chemical constituent to chemically react in flow process；
Seepage flow is non-isothermal seeping, the viscosity and oil, gas and water three-phase relative permeability of temperature influence crude oil in c, heavy crude reservoir；
D, the influence for considering gravity and capillary force；
2. heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating basic mathematic model is set up as follows：
A, mass-conservation equation
▿ · ( Σ j = o , g , w kk r j μ j ρ j x i j ▿ ( P j - ρ j g ▿ D ) ) + Σ j = o , g , w q j x i j = Σ j = o , g , w ∂ ∂ t ( φρ j S j x i j ) , ( i = 1 , ... , n c ) - - - ( 1 )
In formula, k is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；krjIt is j phase relative permeabilities；μjIt is jth phase fluid viscosity, mPas；ρjFor Jth phase fluid density, kg/m3；xijIt is molar fractions of the component i in j phases；PjIt is j phase fluid pressure, MPa；G adds for gravity Speed, m/s2；D is absolute altitude, m；qjUnder formation condition, the unit interval is injection or extraction jth phase fluid matter in unit volume reservoir Amount, kg/ (m3·d)；φ is reservoir porosity；SjIt is jth phase fluid saturation degree in reservoir；
B, energy conservation equation
▿ · ( λ R ▿ T ) + ▿ · { Σ j = o , g , w [ Σ i = 1 n c kk r j μ j ρ j H j x i j ▿ ( P j - ρ j g ▿ D ) ] } + q H - - q l - = φ ∂ ∂ t [ Σ j = o , g , w ( Σ i = 1 n c U j ρ j S j x i j ) ] + ( 1 - φ ) ∂ ∂ t ( ρ r C r T ) - - - ( 2 )
In formula, λRIt is oil reservoir effective thermal conductivity, kJ/ (smK)；Δ T is T-TR, TRIt is reservoir temperature, K；HjIt is j phase fluids Enthalpy, kJ/kg；For in the unit time, the energy relevant with top bottom loss, kJ/ (m in unit volume3·s)；It is list The energy for being input into or exporting in the time of position, in unit volume, kJ/ (m3·s)；UjIt is jth phase fluid interior energy, kJ/kg；ρrIt is rock Stone density, kg/m3；CrIt is reservoir rock specific heat, kJ/ (kgK)；C, related subsidiary equation are as follows：
Saturation equation：So+Sw+Sg=1 (3)
Capillary force equation：Pc,wo=Po-Pw (4)
Pc,og=Pg-Po (5)
Molar fraction normalizing equation：
Equilibrium constant equation：
K w i ( P g , T ) = x i g x i w - - - ( 8 )
In formula, SoIt is oil saturation；SwIt is water saturation；SgIt is gas saturation；Pc,woIt is the alternate capillary force of profit, Pa； PoIt is oil phase capillary force, Pa；PwIt is water phase capillary force, Pa；Pc,ogIt is the alternate capillary force of oil gas, Pa；PgIt is gas phase capillary force, Pa； xijIt is the i-th j component molar fractions；T is temperature, K；Koi(Pg, T) and it is phase equilibrium constant when component i is distributed in gas and oil phase； xigIt is component i molar fractions in the gas phase；xioIt is molar fractions of the component i in oil phase；Kwi(Pg, T) for component i in gas Phase equilibrium constant when being distributed in water phase；xiwIt is molar fractions of the component i in water phase；
Formula (1)~(8) constitute the basic Mathematical Modeling of heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating, after being solved to it by simulate viscous crude Simulation on whole pay zones effect.
3. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that： The step 2) in, based on step 1) heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Models zero dimension deliverability curve process such as Under：
1. by heavy crude reservoir oil recovery by heating Mathematical Modeling, gulped down using CMG numerical simulation softwares prediction horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam Tell the simulation daily oil production q in production First Yearo1Daily oil production q maximum with simulationpeak1；
Wherein, reservoir geology parameter includes core intersection, reservoir porosity, reservoir permeability, net gross thickness ratio, oil saturation And viscosity of crude；Note adopt parameter including steam injection intensity, steam injection rate, bottom-hole steam quality, vapor (steam) temperature, the stewing well time, adopt liquid Speed and horizontal well length；
2. combined horizontal well steam soak day oil-producing data zero dimension by introducing dimensionless parameter, draw horizontal well steam Dimensionless oil production amount of handling up qDWith the relation curve t of non dimensional timeD, used dimensionless parameter combination see formula (9)~ (11)；
q D = q o 1 q p e a k 1 - - - ( 9 )
t D = t × q p e a k 1 N i - - - ( 10 )
In formula, qDIt is horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount；qo1It is simulation water horizontal well steam soak daily oil production, m3/d； qpeak1For horizontal well steam soak simulates maximum daily oil production, m3/d；tDIt is horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time；When t is Between, d；NiIt is oil in-place, 104m3；A is reservoir area, m2；H is core intersection, m；φ reservoir porosities；SoiIt is oil reservoir Average initial oil saturation；BoiIt is original oil volume factor, m3/m3。
4. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that： The step 3) in, identification influence step 2) in zero dimension deliverability curve important factor in order process it is as follows：
Oil field parameter is divided into reservoir geology parameter and note adopts parameter, and the zero dimension production capacity under each parameter difference value of CALCULATING OILFIELD is bent Line and using with the deviation of the daily oil production typical curve drawn by the use of each parameter basis value in oil field as standard, by oil reservoir number It is worth influence degree of each parameter of analogy method research to zero dimension deliverability curve, it is bent with zero dimension production capacity under each parameter difference value The deviation 10% of line and typical curve thinks that influence is big more than 10% as benchmark, thinks that influence is small less than 10%, specific judgement The process of size is as follows：
Using typical curve as standard, find out the non dimensional time under each parameter difference value under zero dimension deliverability curve and correspond to Dimensionless production contrast under zero dimension deliverability curve, calculates it under dimensionless production value different from each parameter on typical curve The average value of absolute value of the bias, then casting out influences less factor on zero dimension deliverability curve, and reservation influences larger to it Factor.
5. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that： The step 4) in, the process for drawing horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate is as follows：
With reference to the research method of Narayana, horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q is drawnDOn horizontal well steam soak Non dimensional time tDZero dimension production capacity plate.
6. a kind of horizontal wells in heavy oil reservoir steam soak initial productivity Forecasting Methodology as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that： The step 5) in, based on step 4) horizontal well zero dimension production capacity plate predict the product at horizontal well steam soak initial stage to be measured The process of oil mass is as follows：
1. with the actual geology and dynamic data in oil well region to be measured as foundation, based on the zero dimension production capacity plate set up before, Lookup or interpolation obtain the zero dimension deliverability curve of non-brought in well, are understood with horizontal well steam soak non dimensional time from curve tDThe horizontal well steam soak dimensionless oil production amount q of changeD；
2. maximum daily oil production is determined：
Maximum daily oil production predicted value qpeakDetermined by such as following formula (12) multiple regression procedure：
q p e a k = a 1 h 2 + b 1 h + a 2 NTG 2 + b 2 N T G + a 3 k 2 + b 3 k + a 4 φ 2 + b 4 φ + a 5 S 0 5 + b 5 S 0 + a 6 μ o 2 + b 6 μ o + a 7 q i i 2 + b 7 q i i + a 8 q L 2 + b 8 q L + a 9 L 2 + b 9 L + d - - - ( 12 )
In formula, h is core intersection；NTG is net gross thickness ratio；K is reservoir permeability, 10-3μm2；μoIt is viscosity of crude, mPas； qiiIt is steam injection intensity, t/m；qLTo produce liquid speed degree, m3/ d, L are horizontal well length, m；a1~a9And b1~b9It is constant；
3. oil in-place NiCalculated by formula (11) and tried to achieve, horizontal well steam soak is obtained according to following formula (13) and formula (14) Daily oil production qoWith the relational expression that time t changes
t = t D × N i q p e a k - - - ( 13 )
q O = q D × t D × N i t . - - - ( 14 )
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